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Seasonal Emergence of Invasive Ambrosia Beetles in Western Kentucky in 2017©
Seasonal emergence of invasive ambrosia beetles in Western Kentucky in 2017© Z. Viloria1, G. Travis1, W. Dunwell1,a and R. Villanueva2 1University of Kentucky, Department of Horticulture, 1205 Hopkinsville Street, Princeton, Kentucky 42445, USA; 2University of Kentucky, Department of Entomology, 1205 Hopkinsville St., U.K. Research & Education Center, Princeton, Kentucky 42445, USA. NATURE OF WORK Xylosandrus crassiusculus (granulate ambrosia beetle, GAB) and X. germanus (black stem borer, BSB) are considered the most destructive insect pests to the nursery crop industry. These beetles usually mass attack nursery crops in spring, causing important loss due to the negative effect on the plant growth, aesthetic, economic value and unmarketable tree quality (Ranger et al., 2016). Ambrosia beetles bore sapwood and inoculate the galleries with fungi, which are collectively named as ambrosia fungi. These fungi are derived from plant pathogens in the ascomycete group identified as ophiostomatoid fungi (Farrell et al., 2001). Ambrosial fungus garden is the food source for ambrosia beetles and larvae. According to the field and container nursery growers of southeastern USA, GAB was ranked third as a key pest, 18% nursery growers identified it as prevalent and difficult to control. In Tennessee, Cnestus mutilatus (camphor shot borer, CSB) was found widely distributed and considered a new pest for nursery crops with unknown magnitude of damage (Oliver et al., 2012). Camphor shot borer was first reported from Kentucky in 2013, although a single specimen was found in Whitley Co., it was believed it would be everywhere in the state due to its wide spread in the neighboring states (Leavengood, 2013). The main objective of this study was to determine the phenology of the most abundant invasive ambrosia beetles in western Kentucky. -
Effect of Host Age on Progeny Production of Theocolax Elegans
Kasetsart J. (Nat. Sci.) 48 : 587 - 597 (2014) Effect of Host Age on Progeny Production of Theocolax elegans (Westwood) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) Reared on Sitophilus zeamais (Motschulsky) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Bonginkhosi E. Dlamini* and Weerawan Amornsak ABSTRACT Five host ages of Maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais (Motschulsky) reared on brown rice were examined for progeny production of Theocolax elegans (Westwood). Brown rice kernels infested with S. zeamais were exposed to a mated female of T. elegans after 13, 15, 17, 19 and 21 d following S. zeamais introduction. Host stages were determined by measuring head-capsule widths from all the host ages. There was a signifi cant difference (P < 0.05) in T. elegans progeny production among the different host ages. Total progeny, total female progeny and total male progeny produced by 19-day-old S. zeamais larvae were signifi cantly higher (P < 0.05) compared to the other host ages. Progeny of T. elegans raised on 19-day-old S. zeamais larvae had a higher female to male ratio compared to the other host ages. Sitophilus zeamais larvae after 13, 15–17 and 19–21 d were found to be second, third and fourth instars, respectively. It was concluded that T. elegans can develop on the second, third and fourth instar larvae of S. zeamais. However, 19-day-old (fourth instar) S. zeamais larvae produced more T. elegans progeny with a higher female to male ratio. Keywords: Sitophilus zeamais, Theocolax elegans, host ages, progeny production, parasitoid INTRODUCTION have adverse effects on consumers and long-term residual effect on the environment (Phillips, 1997; Rice and maize are important food Charlet et al., 2002; Flinn and Hagstrum, 2002; crops of many countries of the world and are Bale et al., 2007), while biological control agents grown for grain which is stored because it cannot have no adverse effects on consumers or the be distributed or consumed immediately (Flinn environment (Flinn, 1998; Tefera et al., 2010). -
Identified Difficulties and Conditions for Field Success of Biocontrol
Identified difficulties and conditions for field success of biocontrol. 4. Socio-economic aspects: market analysis and outlook Bernard Blum, Philippe C. Nicot, Jürgen Köhl, Michelina Ruocco To cite this version: Bernard Blum, Philippe C. Nicot, Jürgen Köhl, Michelina Ruocco. Identified difficulties and conditions for field success of biocontrol. 4. Socio-economic aspects: market analysis and outlook. Classical and augmentative biological control against diseases and pests: critical status analysis and review of factors influencing their success, IOBC - International Organisation for Biological and Integrated Controlof Noxious Animals and Plants, 2011, 978-92-9067-243-2. hal-02809583 HAL Id: hal-02809583 https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02809583 Submitted on 6 Jun 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. WPRS International Organisation for Biological and Integrated Control of Noxious IOBC Animals and Plants: West Palaearctic Regional Section SROP Organisation Internationale de Lutte Biologique et Integrée contre les Animaux et les OILB Plantes Nuisibles: -
Influence of Wheat Cultivar, Temperature, and Theocolax
INFLUENCE OF WHEAT CULTIVAR, TEMPERATURE, AND THEOCOLAX ELEGANS (HYMENOPTERA: PTEROMALIDAE) ON RHYZOPERTHA DOMINICA (COLEOPTERA: BOSTRICHIDAE) DEVELOPMENT BY MICHAEL D. TOEWS Bachelor ofScience Fort Hays State University Hays, Kansas 1995 Submitted to the Faculty ofthe Graduate College ofthe Oklahoma State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE May 1998 INFLUENCE OF WHEAT CULTrVAR, TEMPERATURE, AND THEOCOLAX ELEGANS (HYMENOPTERA: PTEROMALIDAE) ON RHYZOPERTHA DOMINICA (COLEOPTERA: BOSTRICHIDAE) DEVELOPMENT Thesis Approved: ~~~ ~JJ.~D~~_ /~,) 6L~fN-r , ean ofthe Graduate College n PREFACE The first chapter ofthis thesis is a literature review focused on issues in stored wheat. Also induded in chapter one is a review ofthe lesser grain borer, the parasitoid Theocolax elegans, and interactions among the trophic levels in my research. Subsequent chapters are formal papers representing my M.S. research project and are written in compliance with the publication policies and guidelines for manuscript preparation with the Entomological Society ofAmerica. The completion ofthis degree would not have been possible without the guidance ofmany people. I would like to express my sincere appreciation to my graduate advisor, Dr. Gemt Cuperus, for his assistance and direction. My co-advisor, Dr. Tom Phillips, provided a great deal ofpractical assistance and advice while also housing me in his laboratory space. This research project greatly benefited from the insight offered by Dr. Richard Berberet and Dr. Phillip Mulder. Special appreciation is directed toward Dr. Mark Payton who answered many questions and assisted me with the design and analysis of each experiment. I wish to extend special thanks to Edmond Bonjour for his proofreading and example throughout all phases ofmy degree. -
Electrophysiological and Behavioral Responses of Theocolax Elegans (Westwood)(Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) to Cereal Grain Volatiles
Hindawi Publishing Corporation BioMed Research International Volume 2016, Article ID 5460819, 8 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/5460819 Research Article Electrophysiological and Behavioral Responses of Theocolax elegans (Westwood) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) to Cereal Grain Volatiles Giacinto Salvatore Germinara,1 Antonio De Cristofaro,2 and Giuseppe Rotundo2 1 Department of the Sciences of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Foggia, Via Napoli 25, 71122 Foggia, Italy 2Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, University of Molise, Via De Sanctis, 86100 Campobasso, Italy Correspondence should be addressed to Giacinto Salvatore Germinara; [email protected] Received 2 October 2015; Revised 23 December 2015; Accepted 5 January 2016 Academic Editor: Johannes Stokl¨ Copyright © 2016 Giacinto Salvatore Germinara et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Volatiles emitted by the host’s food would be the first signals used by parasitoids in the host location process and are thought to play an important role in host habitat location. In this study, the olfactory responses of Theocolax elegans (Westwood), a Pteromalid wasp that parasitizes immature stages of stored-product insect pests developing inside cereal or leguminous grains, to volatiles emitted by healthy wheat grains, their hexane extracts, and different doses of three individual compounds previously identified in cereal grain odors were investigated in Y-tube olfactometer and Petri dish arena behavioral bioassays and electroantennogram recordings. In Y-tube olfactometer bioassays, odors from healthy wheat grains and their hexane extracts were attractive to both sexes of T. -
Efectos Insecticidas Y Bioquímicos De Aceites Esenciales Obtenidos De
PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDAD JAVERIANA FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS MAESTRÍA EN CIENCIAS BIOLÓGICAS Efectos insecticidas y bioquímicos de aceites esenciales obtenidos de plantas colombianas sobre el gorgojo rojo de la harina, Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) Juan Sebastián Oviedo Sarmiento Pontificia Universidad Javeriana Facultad de ciencias, Departamento de química Bogotá-Colombia 2019 NOTA DE ADVERTENCIA "La Universidad no se hace responsable por los conceptos emitidos por sus alumnos en sus trabajos de tesis. Solo velará por que no se publique nada contrario al dogma y a la moral católica y por que las tesis no contengan ataques personales contra persona alguna, antes bien se vea en ellas el anhelo de buscar la verdad y la justicia". Artículo 23 de la Resolución No13 de julio de 1946 Efectos insecticidas y bioquímicos de aceites esenciales obtenidos de plantas colombianas sobre el gorgojo rojo de la harina, Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) Juan Sebastián Oviedo Sarmiento Trabajo de investigación presentado como requisito parcial para optar al título de: Magister en Ciencias Biológicas Director (a): PhD, Química. Juliet Angélica Prieto Rodríguez Línea de Investigación: Química de Productos Naturales Vegetales Grupo de Investigación: Fitoquímica Pontificia Universidad Javeriana Pontificia Universidad Javeriana Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Química Bogotá, Colombia 2019 Efectos insecticidas y bioquímicos de aceites esenciales obtenidos de plantas colombianas sobre el gorgojo rojo de la harina, Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) Juan Sebastián Oviedo Sarmiento ___________________ Juliet Angélica Prieto R. Química, PhD Directora Efectos insecticidas y bioquímicos de aceites esenciales obtenidos de plantas colombianas sobre el gorgojo rojo de la harina, Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) Juan Sebastián Oviedo Sarmiento DEDICATORIA A Don Célimo, para cuando nos volvamos a ver sea un motivo de orgullo y alegría. -
Protection of Stored Maize from Insect Pests Using a Two-Component
ARTICLE IN PRESS Journal of Stored Products Research 42 (2006) 218–225 www.elsevier.com/locate/jspr Protection of stored maize from insect pests using a two-component biological control method consisting of a hymenopteran parasitoid, Theocolax elegans, and transgenic avidin maize powder$ P.W. FlinnÃ, K.J. Kramer, J.E. Throne, T.D. Morgan Grain Marketing and Production Research Center, USDA-ARS, Manhattan, Kansas 66502, USA Accepted 17 February 2005 Abstract The hymenopteran parasitoid, Theocolax elegans (Westwood), and transgenic avidin maize powder were tested to determine if their individual or combined use would protect stored grain from infestation by both internal and external insect pests. Small-scale tests were conducted in plastic jars containing 3 kg of non- transgenic maize. We tested treatments of 0.3% powdered avidin maize, the parasitoid wasp, and the combination of the parasitoid plus 0.3% powdered avidin maize. One pair each of Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst), and Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens) was added to each jar. After 8 weeks, the entire contents of each jar were examined for adult insects. Control and avidin maize powders had no detrimental effects on the beneficial insect parasitoid T. elegans. The parasitoid suppressed populations of the internal feeder S. zeamais. The avidin maize powder treatment had no effect on S. zeamais because these larvae developed inside the maize kernels where no avidin maize powder was present. For S. zeamais, the combination treatment was not significantly different from the parasitoid treatment. In contrast, populations of the external feeder T. castaneum were not suppressed by the parasitoid but were suppressed by the avidin maize powder treatment. -
Current State of Knowledge on Wolbachia Infection Among Coleoptera: a Systematic Review
Current state of knowledge on Wolbachia infection among Coleoptera: a systematic review Łukasz Kajtoch1 and Nela Kotásková2 1 Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland 2 Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic ABSTRACT Background. Despite great progress in studies on Wolbachia infection in insects, the knowledge about its relations with beetle species, populations and individuals, and the effects of bacteria on these hosts, is still unsatisfactory. In this review we summarize the current state of knowledge about Wolbachia occurrence and interactions with Coleopteran hosts. Methods. An intensive search of the available literature resulted in the selection of 86 publications that describe the relevant details about Wolbachia presence among beetles. These publications were then examined with respect to the distribution and taxonomy of infected hosts and diversity of Wolbachia found in beetles. Sequences of Wolbachia genes (16S rDNA, ftsZ) were used for the phylogenetic analyses. Results. The collected publications revealed that Wolbachia has been confirmed in 204 beetle species and that the estimated average prevalence of this bacteria across beetle species is 38.3% and varies greatly across families and genera (0–88% infected members) and is much lower (c. 13%) in geographic studies. The majority of the examined and infected beetles were from Europe and East Asia. The most intensively studied have been two groups of herbivorous beetles: Curculionidae and Chrysomelidae. Coleoptera harbor Wolbachia belonging to three supergroups: F found in only three species, and A and B found in similar numbers of beetles (including some doubly infected); however Submitted 14 November 2017 the latter two were most prevalent in different families. -
First Record of the Camphor Shot Borer, <I>Cnestus Mutilatus</I> (Blandford) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae)
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Center for Systematic Entomology, Gainesville, Insecta Mundi Florida 2016 First record of the camphor shot borer, Cnestus mutilatus (Blandford) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) in Pennsylvania Lawrence Barringer Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/insectamundi Part of the Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons, and the Entomology Commons Barringer, Lawrence, "First record of the camphor shot borer, Cnestus mutilatus (Blandford) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) in Pennsylvania" (2016). Insecta Mundi. 1024. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/insectamundi/1024 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Center for Systematic Entomology, Gainesville, Florida at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Insecta Mundi by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. INSECTA MUNDI A Journal of World Insect Systematics 0519 First record of the camphor shot borer, Cnestus mutilatus (Blandford) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) in Pennsylvania Lawrence Barringer Division of Entomology Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture 2301 N. Cameron Street Harrisburg, PA 17110 USA Date of Issue: December 23, 2016 CENTER FOR SYSTEMATIC ENTOMOLOGY, INC., Gainesville, FL Lawrence Barringer First record of the camphor shot borer, Cnestus mutilatus (Blandford) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) in Pennsylvania Insecta Mundi 0519: 1–2 ZooBank Registered: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C53AD8F4-ABDE-40CA-B389-7F9F91214722 Published in 2016 by Center for Systematic Entomology, Inc. P. O. Box 141874 Gainesville, FL 32614-1874 USA http://centerforsystematicentomology.org/ Insecta Mundi is a journal primarily devoted to insect systematics, but articles can be published on any non-marine arthropod. -
Taxonomic and Molecular Studies in Cleridae and Hemiptera
University of Kentucky UKnowledge Theses and Dissertations--Entomology Entomology 2015 TAXONOMIC AND MOLECULAR STUDIES IN CLERIDAE AND HEMIPTERA John Moeller Leavengood Jr. University of Kentucky, [email protected] Right click to open a feedback form in a new tab to let us know how this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Leavengood, John Moeller Jr., "TAXONOMIC AND MOLECULAR STUDIES IN CLERIDAE AND HEMIPTERA" (2015). Theses and Dissertations--Entomology. 18. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/entomology_etds/18 This Doctoral Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Entomology at UKnowledge. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations--Entomology by an authorized administrator of UKnowledge. For more information, please contact [email protected]. STUDENT AGREEMENT: I represent that my thesis or dissertation and abstract are my original work. Proper attribution has been given to all outside sources. I understand that I am solely responsible for obtaining any needed copyright permissions. I have obtained needed written permission statement(s) from the owner(s) of each third-party copyrighted matter to be included in my work, allowing electronic distribution (if such use is not permitted by the fair use doctrine) which will be submitted to UKnowledge as Additional File. I hereby grant to The University of Kentucky and its agents the irrevocable, non-exclusive, and royalty-free license to archive and make accessible my work in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. I agree that the document mentioned above may be made available immediately for worldwide access unless an embargo applies. -
REPORT on APPLES – Fruit Pathway and Alert List
EU project number 613678 Strategies to develop effective, innovative and practical approaches to protect major European fruit crops from pests and pathogens Work package 1. Pathways of introduction of fruit pests and pathogens Deliverable 1.3. PART 5 - REPORT on APPLES – Fruit pathway and Alert List Partners involved: EPPO (Grousset F, Petter F, Suffert M) and JKI (Steffen K, Wilstermann A, Schrader G). This document should be cited as ‘Wistermann A, Steffen K, Grousset F, Petter F, Schrader G, Suffert M (2016) DROPSA Deliverable 1.3 Report for Apples – Fruit pathway and Alert List’. An Excel file containing supporting information is available at https://upload.eppo.int/download/107o25ccc1b2c DROPSA is funded by the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration (grant agreement no. 613678). www.dropsaproject.eu [email protected] DROPSA DELIVERABLE REPORT on Apples – Fruit pathway and Alert List 1. Introduction ................................................................................................................................................... 3 1.1 Background on apple .................................................................................................................................... 3 1.2 Data on production and trade of apple fruit ................................................................................................... 3 1.3 Pathway ‘apple fruit’ ..................................................................................................................................... -
5 Biology, Behavior, and Ecology of Pests in Other Durable Commodities
5 Biology, Behavior, and Ecology of Pests in Other Durable Commodities Peter A. Edde Marc Eaton Stephen A. Kells Thomas W. Phillips Introduction biology, behavior, and ecology of the common insect pests of stored durable commodities. Physical ele- Other durable commodities of economic importance ments defined by the type of storage structure, insect besides dry grains include tobacco, spices, mush- fauna, and interrelationships in the storage environ- rooms, seeds, dried plants, horticultural and agro- ment are also discussed. nomic seeds, decorative dried plants, birdseed, dry pet foods, and animal products such as dried meat and fish, fishmeal, horns, and hooves. Similar to dry Life Histories grains, these commodities are typically maintained and Behavior at such low moisture levels that preserving quality by minimizing insect damage can be a significant chal- lenge. Stored commodities may become infested at the processing plant or warehouse, in transit, at the store, or at home. Many arthropod pests of stored commodities are relatively abundant outdoors, but natural host plants before preadaptation to stored products remain unknown. Capable of long flight, they migrate into unprotected warehouses. Adults (larvae) crawl through seams and folds or chew into sealed packages and multiply, diminishing product quality and quantity. Infestations may spread within a manufacturing facility through electrical conduit Figure 1. Adult of the cigarette beetle, Lasioderma serricorne and control panels. (F.), 2 to 4 mm long (from Bousquet 1990). The type of pest observed on a stored product Cigarette Beetle Lasioderma depends on the commodity, but some insects vary widely in their food preferences and may infest a Serricorne (F.) wide range of commodities.