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New Damanhour Power Plant (1800 MW) Damanhour City, Egypt

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New Damanhour Power Plant (1800 MW) Damanhour City, Egypt Egypt Scientific West Delta for Electricity Production Company (WDEPC) Environmental and Social Impact Assessment of the New Damanhour Power Plant (1800 MW) Damanhour City, Egypt Prepared by: Egypt Scientific Work Team Prof. Dr. Elsayed Shalaby EEAA-accredited environmental consultant Chem. Noha Ali Environmental specialist and the work team: Phy. Hossam Said Chem. Heba-Allah Ali Phy. Elsayed Maher Chem. Reham Ramadan Chem. Aya Kadry July 2015 1 ESIA for the Damanhour Power Plant Environmental and Social Impacts of the Project TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................... 6 1.1 Preamble ........................................................................................................................................ 6 1.2 The New Power Station .................................................................................................................. 7 1.3 Project Location .............................................................................................................................. 8 1.4 This Environmental and Social Impact Assessment ....................................................................... 9 2 LEGISLATIVE AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK ........................................................................ 11 2.1 National framework ..................................................................................................................... 11 2.1.1 Environmental Framework ................................................................................................... 11 2.1.2 Social Framework ................................................................................................................. 18 2.1.3 Institutional Roles and Responsibilities ................................................................................ 19 2.2 International Regulations ............................................................................................................. 19 2.2.1 African Development Bank (AfDB) Environmental and Social Policy ................................... 20 2.2.2 European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) ............................................. 23 2.2.3 The European Investment Bank (EIB) ................................................................................... 27 2.2.4 Relevant EU Regulations ....................................................................................................... 32 2.2.5 International Standards ........................................................................................................ 34 2.2.6 International Conventions .................................................................................................... 35 3 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ............................................................................................................... 36 3.1 PROJECT OWNER .......................................................................................................................... 36 3.2 SCOPE AND LOCATION OF THE PROJECT ...................................................................................... 36 3.3 DESCRIPTION OF CURRENT OPERATIONS .................................................................................... 39 3.4 Description of the Project ............................................................................................................ 40 3.4.1. Project overview ................................................................................................................... 40 3.4.2. The generating process ........................................................................................................ 44 3.5 BAT ASSESSMENT ......................................................................................................................... 47 3.6 Additional Technical Installations ................................................................................................. 50 4 PROJECT ALTERNATIVES ............................................................................................................. 51 4.1 No-Project Alternative .................................................................................................................. 51 2 ESIA for the Damanhour Power Plant Environmental and Social Impacts of the Project 4.2 Site Alternatives ........................................................................................................................... 52 4.3 Fuel Alternatives ........................................................................................................................... 52 4.4 Technology Alternatives ............................................................................................................... 53 5 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL BASELINE ................................................................................... 54 5.1 Climate and Meteorology ............................................................................................................. 54 5.2 Air Quality ..................................................................................................................................... 57 5.2.1 Air Quality Baseline Measurements within the project site boundaries ............................. 58 5.2.2 Air Quality Baseline Measurements outside the project site boundaries ........................... 62 5.3 Noise ............................................................................................................................................. 63 5.3.1 Noise Level inside Damanhour Power Plant......................................................................... 64 5.3.2 Noise Level outside Damanhour Power Plant during daytime............................................. 65 5.4 Water and Sediment Quality in Adjacent Canals ......................................................................... 68 5.5 Geology and Soil Quality .............................................................................................................. 70 5.6 Flora and Fauna ............................................................................................................................ 70 5.7 Aquatic Ecology ............................................................................................................................ 71 5.7.1 Aquatic plants ....................................................................................................................... 71 5.7.2 Fish ........................................................................................................................................ 72 5.8 Areas of Cultural and Historical Importance ................................................................................ 73 5.9 Land Use, Landscape and Visual Appearance .............................................................................. 73 5.10 Site Baseline Hazards .................................................................................................................... 74 5.10.1 Seismic Activity ..................................................................................................................... 74 5.10.2 Flash Floods .......................................................................................................................... 74 5.11 Social Baseline .............................................................................................................................. 74 5.11.1 Methodology ........................................................................................................................ 74 5.11.1..1. Secondary Data ............................................................................................................. 74 5.11.1..2. Primary Data ................................................................................................................. 75 5.11.1..3. Sample .......................................................................................................................... 77 5.11.2 Study strengths and limitations ............................................................................................ 77 5.11.2.1. Study strengths ............................................................................................................. 77 5.11.2.2. Study limitations and challenges .................................................................................. 77 5.11.3 Socioeconomic Baseline ....................................................................................................... 78 5.11.3.1. Administrative jurisdiction ........................................................................................... 78 5.11.3.2. Populated area ............................................................................................................. 79 3 ESIA for the Damanhour Power Plant Environmental and Social Impacts of the Project 5.11.3.3. Demographic characteristics and human development profile ................................... 79 5.11.3.4. Poverty index ................................................................................................................ 83 5.11.3.5. Labor force and employment ....................................................................................... 84 5.11.4 Socio-economic Survey ......................................................................................................... 86 5.11.4.1. Family
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