Architectural Woodwork Standards, 2Nd Edition

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Architectural Woodwork Standards

CASEWORK 10S E C T I O N SECTION 10 Casework table of contents

INTRODUCTORY INFORMATION Cabinet and Door Interface Style Terminology ...... 288

Guide Specifications ...... 284 Flush Overlay ...... 288 Introduction ...... 285 Overlay ...... 288 Casework Categories ...... 285 Face Frame Construction ...... 288 Wood Casework ...... 285 Flush Inset ...... 288 Decorative Laminate Casework ...... 285 Layout Requirements of Grained or Patterned Faces by Grade ...... 289 Solid Phenolic Casework ...... 285 Stile and Rail ...... 289 Contract Documents ...... 285 Flush Panel ...... 289 Design Professional’s Responsibility ...... 285 Economy Grade ...... 289 Complaince to Seismic Requirements ...... 285 Custom Grade ...... 289 Chemical and Stain Resistance ...... 285 Premium Grade ...... 289 Abrasion Resistance ...... 285 Door and Applied Drawer Front Profiles ...... 289 Unless Specified Otherwise ...... 285 Edge Profiles ...... 289 Corners ...... 285 Retention Profiles ...... 289 Finished Ends ...... 285 Cabinet Design Series ...... 290 Base/Toe ...... 285 Casework Integrity ...... 290 Storage, Janitor Closet and Utility Room Cabinets ...... 285 Cabinet Hardware ...... 290 Presentation Panels ...... 285 Drawer Slide Selection Guide ...... 290 Toe Base Height Variance ...... 285 Degree of Extension ...... 290 Surface Terminologies ...... 285 Static Load Capacity ...... 290 Exposed Exterior Surfaces ...... 285 Dynamic Load Capacity ...... 290 Exposed Interior Surfaces ...... 286 Removal ...... 290 Semi-Exposed Surfaces ...... 286 Closing ...... 290 Concealed Surfaces ...... 286 Metal Sided Drawer Systems ...... 290 10 Surface Terminology by Illustration ...... 286 Hinge Selection Guide ...... 291 Surface Finish Requirements ...... 287 European style hinge ...... 291 Exposed Exterior Surfaces ...... 287 Wraparound hinge ...... 291 Exposed Interior Surfaces ...... 287 Butt hinge ...... 291 Premium Grade ...... 287 Adjustable Shelf Loading and Deflection ...... 291 Semi-Exposed Surfaces ...... 287 Construction Detail Nomenclature ...... 292 Concealed Surfaces ...... 287 Stub Tenon ...... 292 Construction Terminology ...... 288 Haunch Mortise and Tenon Joint ...... 292 Frameless ...... 288 Conventional Mortise and Tenon Joint ...... 292 Face Frame ...... 288 Dowel Joint ...... 292 Selection ...... 288 French Dovetail Joint ...... 292 Conventional Dovetail Joint ...... 292 Drawer Lock Joint ...... 292 Exposed End Details ...... 292

INTRODUCTORY INFORMATION (continued) COMPLIANCE REQUIREMENTS

Butt Joint ...... 292 GENERAL Shoulder Mitered Joint ...... 292 Basic Considerations ...... 295 Pocket Screw Joint ...... 292 Grades ...... 295 Through Dado ...... 293 Economy ...... 295 Blind Dado ...... 293 Custom ...... 295 Stop Dado ...... 293 Premium ...... 295 Dowel Joint ...... 293 Grade Limitations ...... 295 Dowel Screw Joint ...... 293 Contract Documents ...... 295 Edgebanding ...... 293 Acceptable Requirements ...... 295 Miter/Miter Fold Joint ...... 293 Aesthetic Requirements ...... 295 Spline Joint ...... 293 Surface Categories ...... 295 Paneled Door Details ...... 293 Cabinet Surface Terminology Illustrations ...... 295 Specify Requirements For ...... 294 Exposed Exterior ...... 296 Construction ...... 294 Exposed Interior ...... 296 Door and drawer front Interface ...... 294 Semi-exposed ...... 296 Door and drawer front edge profile ...... 294 Concelaed ...... 296 Toe base finish ...... 294 Solid Phenolic ...... 296 Grain direction ...... 294 Cabinet Construction ...... 296 Inside clearance ...... 294 Frameless ...... 296 Seismic Fabrication and/or installation ...... 294 Face Frame ...... 297 Flame Spread ...... 294 Cabinet and Door Interface ...... 297 Moisture resistance ...... 294 Overlay ...... 297 Insulation from adjacent heating cooling sources ...... 294 Flush Inset ...... 297 Hardware ...... 294 Flush Overlay ...... 297 10 Laboratory features ...... 294 Casework Integerity ...... 297 Recommendations ...... 294 Hardware ...... 297 If Field Finished ...... 294 Cabinet Design Series ...... 297 Before Finishing ...... 294 Casework Concept Drawings ...... 297 Concealed Surfaces ...... 294 To Prevent Telegraphing ...... 297 Review ...... 294 Industry Practices ...... 298 Structural Members ...... 294 Structural Members ...... 298 Wall Ceiling and Floor ...... 298 Priming ...... 298 Surfacing ...... 298

COMPLIANCE REQUIREMENTS (continued) Exposed Interior ...... 302

GENERAL (continued) Semi-Exposed ...... 302 Basic Considerations (continued) Concealed ...... 303 Industry Practices ...... 298 Hardware ...... 303 Casework Dimension Ranges ...... 298 Conform To ...... 303 Base ...... 298 Furnished and Installed ...... 303 Wall Hung ...... 298 Uniform Plated / Power Coated ...... 303 Tall Storage ...... 298 Manufacturer’s Name ...... 303 Reception ...... 298 First Class Workmanship ...... 303 Tellers Counter ...... 298 Locks ...... 303 Base Cabinet, Stretcher, Layout and Construction ...... 299 Drawer Slides ...... 303 Corners ...... 299 Shelf Rests ...... 303 Finish Ends ...... 299 Pocket Door Hardware ...... 303 Base/Toe ...... 299 Base Adjusters ...... 304 Storage, Janitors Closet and Unility Room Cabinets ...... 299 Multiple Hardware Options ...... 304 Presentation Panels ...... 299 Casework ...... 304 Toe Base Height Variances ...... 299 Panel Components ...... 304 Layout ...... 300 Frameless Construction ...... 304 Stile and Rail ...... 300 Separately Applied Countertops ...... 304 Flush Panel ...... 300 Storage ...... 304 PRODUCT Cabinets over 72” ...... 304 Scope ...... 301 Sliding Presentation Boards ...... 304 Typical Inclusions ...... 301 Hot Melt Applied ...... 304 Typical Exclusions ...... 301 Prefinishing ...... 304 10 Default Stipulation ...... 302 Cut Outs ...... 304 Exposed Knuckle Hinges ...... 302 Cathedral ...... 304 Reveal Overlay ...... 302 Cabinet Doors with Glass Lights ...... 304 Rules ...... 302 First Class Workmanship ...... 304 Errata ...... 302 Material Rules ...... 305 Basic Rules ...... 302 Grain or Directional Patterned ...... 305 Aesthetic ...... 302 Light Valance ...... 305 Woodwork...... 302 Vinyl ...... 305 Lumber ...... 302 Glass Shelves ...... 305 Sheet Products ...... 302 Opaque Finish ...... 305 Backing Sheet ...... 302 Transparent Finish, Veneer ...... 305 All Materials ...... 302 Semi-Exposed ...... 305 Surface Categories ...... 302 Concealed ...... 305 Exposed Exterior ...... 302

COMPLIANCE REQUIREMENTS (continued) Machining Rules ...... 309 Exposed Surfaces and Semi-exposed ...... 309 PRODUCT (continued) Smoothness ...... 309 Material Rules (continued) Sharp Edges ...... 309 Wood Casework ...... 306 Top Flat ...... 309 Exposed Exterior ...... 306 Profiled ...... 309 Transparent Finish ...... 306 Turned ...... 309 Opaque Finish ...... 306 Cross Sanding ...... 309 Exposed Interior ...... 306 Tear Outs, Knife Nicks ...... 309 Transparent Finish ...... 306 Knife Marks ...... 309 Opaque Finish ...... 306 Glue or Filler ...... 309 Semi-Exposed ...... 306 HPDL, PVC, and Prefinished Wood ...... 309 Drawer Box ...... 306 Overlap ...... 309 Surfaces ...... 306 Chip Out ...... 309 Dividers ...... 306 Over Machined ...... 309 Sides, Backs and Subfront ...... 307 Assembly Rules ...... 310 Cores ...... 307 These Standards ...... 310 Minimum Thickness ...... 307 Joints at Assembled Woodwork ...... 310 Bottoms ...... 307 Flushness Horizontal ...... 310 Cores ...... 307 Fixed Horizontal ...... 310 Minimum Thickness ...... 307 Gap Test A ...... 310 Decorative Laminate Casework ...... 307 Gap Test B...... 311 Exposed Exterior ...... 307 Gap Test C ...... 311 Exposed Interior ...... 307 Joinery ...... 311 Semi-Exposed ...... 307 Bottom Edges ...... 311 Drawer Box ...... 307 10 Visible Edges...... 311 Surfaces ...... 307 Adjustable Shelves ...... 311 Dividers ...... 308 Bottom Edge ...... 311 Sides, Backs and Subfront ...... 308 Top Edge ...... 311 Cores ...... 308 Edgebanding ...... 311 Minimum Thickness ...... 308 Dadoes or Lock Joints ...... 311 Bottoms ...... 308 Tee Banding ...... 311 Cores ...... 308 Drawers ...... 312 Minimum Thickness ...... 308 Sides ...... 312 Solid Phenolic Casework ...... 308 Flush Overlay ...... 312 Exposed Exterior ...... 308 Exposed Interior ...... 308 Semi-Exposed ...... 308

COMPLIANCE REQUIREMENTS (continued) Shelves ...... 318 Thickness ...... 318 PRODUCT (continued) Grain and Directional Pattern ...... 318 Assembly Rules (continued) Dividers ...... 318 Drawers (continued) Uniform Thickness...... 318 Joints ...... 312 HardboardCabinets over 72” ...... 318 Slides ...... 312 Glass ...... 318 File Drawers ...... 312 Fixed Shelves ...... 318 Locks ...... 312 Adjustable Shelves ...... 318 Trays, Bins ...... 312 Conformance in Thickness ...... 318 Fronts and False Fronts ...... 312 Length ...... 321 Bottoms ...... 313 Depth ...... 321 Doors ...... 313 Supported ...... 321 Flush Overlay ...... 313 Metal Shelf Standards ...... 321 Back Beveled ...... 313 Bored Hole Shelf Rest System ...... 321 Core Thickness ...... 313 Pullout Shelves ...... 321 Maximum door size ...... 313 Bread/Cutting Boards ...... 321 Door Thickness ...... 313 Writing and Utility Shelves...... 321 Stop Silencers ...... 313 Clothes Poles or Rods ...... 321 Core ...... 313 Wardrobes ...... 321 Locks ...... 313 Anchor Strips ...... 321 Glass ...... 313 Moveable Cabinets ...... 322 Hinged ...... 313 Glides ...... 322 Stile and Rail ...... 315 Casters ...... 322 Panel ...... 315 Metal Frame or Diagram Type Double Bottom ...... 322 10 Sliding ...... 315 Lock Joint Corners ...... 322 Frameless Glass ...... 316 Joinery ...... 322 Aprons ...... 316 Securely Fastened ...... 322 Ends and Divisions ...... 316 Assembled Square and True ...... 322 Tops and Bottoms ...... 316 Securely Glued ...... 322 Security and Dust Panels ...... 317 Scribing ...... 323 Stretchers ...... 317 None ...... 323 Backs ...... 317 Furnished ...... 323 Toe Bases, Kicks, and Sleepers ...... 317 Fillers and Molds ...... 323 Levelers ...... 317 Trim Members ...... 323 Moveable Toes ...... 318 Soffit and Facia Panels ...... 323 Options ...... 323 Closure ...... 323

COMPLIANCE REQUIREMENTS (continued) INSTALLATION Care, Storage and Building Conditions ...... 327 PRODUCT (continued) Contractor is Responsible For ...... 327 Assembly Rules (continued) Installer is Responsible For ...... 327 Clearance and Tolerances ...... 323 Rules ...... 328 Edge Alignment and Flushness ...... 323 Errata ...... 328 Maximum Uniform Gap ...... 324 Basic Rules ...... 328 Reveal Overlay Frameless ...... 324 Aesthetic ...... 328 Flush Overlay Frameless ...... 324 Transparent Finished ...... 328 Reveal Overlay Face Frame ...... 324 Repairs ...... 328 Warp and Twist ...... 325 Installer Modifications ...... 328 Wood Casework ...... 325 Casework ...... 328 Visible Edges...... 325 These Standards ...... 328 Drawers ...... 325 Gaps Test I ...... 328 Doors ...... 325 Flushness Test J ...... 329 Face Frames ...... 326 Gaps, Edge Alignment and Flushness ...... 329 Tops and Bottoms ...... 326 Scribing ...... 329 Flush Inset Doors ...... 326 Closure ...... 330 For Decorative Laminate Casework ...... 326 Exposed Fasteners ...... 330 Exposed Edges ...... 326 Casework Wall Anchorage ...... 330 Drawers ...... 326 Nail Holes ...... 331 Doors ...... 326 Glue ...... 331 Solid Phenolic Casework ...... 326 Caulking ...... 332 Edgebanding ...... 326 Require allowable fastener holes ...... 332 Drawer ...... 326 Equipment Cutouts ...... 332 Door ...... 326 10 Hardware ...... 332 Aprons ...... 326 Areas of Installation ...... 332 Shelves ...... 326 TESTS Tops and Fixed Bottoms ...... 326 Basic Considerations ...... 333 Ends and Divisions ...... 326 Fabricated and Installed ...... 333 Security and Dust Panels ...... 326 Smoothness ...... 333 Stretchers ...... 326 KCPI ...... 333 Bread/Cutting Boards ...... 326 Sanding ...... 333 Joinery ...... 326 Gaps, Flushness, Flatness and Alignment ...... 333 Illustrations ...... 334

Guide Speciﬁ cations

Are available through the Sponsor Associations in interactive digital format including unique and individual quality control options. The Guide Speciﬁ cations are located at:

Architectural Woodwork Institute (AWI) www.awinet.org

Architectural Woodwork Manufacturers Association of Canada (AWMAC) http://awmac.com/aws-guide-speciﬁ cations

10 Woodwork Institute (WI) www.woodworkinstitute.com/publications/aws_guide_specs.asp

INTRODUCTION • Any CHEMICAL or STAIN RESISTANT • TOE BASE HEIGHT VARIANCE due to floor surface requirements must be specifi ed. variations is not considered a defect. Casework Section 10 includes information on Wood, Consider the chemical and staining agents is required to be installed level; shimming of Decorative Laminate, and Solid Phenolic Faced that might be used on or near the surfaces. the toe base, not to exceed 1/2” (12.7 mm), Casework and their related parts. Chemical resistance and stain resistance are is acceptable. Floor variations exceeding 1/2” affected by concentration, time, temperature, (12.7 mm) shall be corrected before cabinets Quality assurance can be achieved by adherence humidity, housekeeping, and other factors. It is are installed; however, correction of such is not to the AWS and will provide the owner a quality recommended that actual samples are tested in the responsibility of the cabinet installer. product at competitive pricing. Use of a qualifi ed a similar environment with those agents. Sponsor Member fi rm to provide your woodwork SURFACE TERMINOLOGIES • Any ABRASION RESISTANT surface will help ensure the manufacturer’s understanding requirements must be specified. Consider the of the quality level required. Illustrations in this Cabinet surfaces are defi ned in four distinct abrasive elements that might be used on or Section are not intended to be all inclusive. Other categories, three for exposed surfaces with very near the surfaces. Common guidelines can be engineered solutions are acceptable. In the specifi c minimum surface requirements and one found at: absence of specifi cations; methods of fabrication for concealed surfaces subject to manufacturer’s choice, as follows: shall be manufacturer’s choice. The design • ASTM C501 (latest edition). professional, by specifying compliance to the AWS • EXPOSED EXTERIOR SURFACES, defined as increases the probability of receiving the product • NEMA LD3-3.13 (latest edition). quality expected. all exterior surfaces exposed to view, including: • NEMA LD3.7 (latest edition). CASEWORK CATEGORIES • All surfaces visible when doors and drawers UNLESS SPECIFIED OTHERWISE are closed, including knee spaces. This section addresses three distinct categories of casework based on the exterior exposed face: • CORNERS created by tall, wall, or base • Underside of cabinet bottoms over 42” (1067 casework will create non usable space. mm) above the fi nished fl oor, including • WOOD CASEWORK with wood faces for cabinet bottoms behind light valances and transparent or opaque finish. • FINISHED ENDS shall be integral, not applied the bottom edge of light valances. secondarily, except: • DECORATIVE LAMINATE CASEWORK with • Cabinet tops under 80” (2032 mm) above HPDL or LPDL faces. • APPLIED END PANELS are allowed at the fi nished fl oor, or if 80” (2032 mm) and Solid Phenolic casework and at teaching over and visible from an upper building level • SOLID PHENOLIC CASEWORK with solid wall assemblies. or fl oor. phenolic faces. • BASE/TOE shall be integral (constructed as an • Front edges of stretchers, ends, divisions, CONTRACT DOCUMENTS integral part of the cabinet body) or separate tops, and bottoms. (constructed as a separate member) at Shall clearly indicate or delineate all material, manufacturer’s choice. • Sloping tops of cabinets that are visible. 10 fabrication, installation, and applicable building code/regulation requirements, and: • STORAGE, JANITOR CLOSET, and/or UTILITY ROOM CABINETS shall be built in • It is the design professional’s responsibility to conformance to Economy Grade, regardless of evaluate the fastening methods required and the overall project’s Grade requirement, unless modify as appropriate to ensure adequate in specifi ed otherwise. wall blocking and fasteners are used for the project conditions. • Surfaces behind PRESENTATION PANELS (such as white board or tack board) are treated • Compliance to SEISMIC requirements for as: casework fabrication and restraint, where required, shall be so specifi ed. Within the • Semi Exposed at Economy Grade and United States, the International Building Code Custom Grade. (IBC) establishes these minimum requirements; however, some states have expanded on • Exposed at Premium Grade. the U.S. requirements. Within Canada, the National Building Code (NBC) establishes these minimum requirements; however, some provinces and cities have expanded on the Canadian requirements.

SURFACE TERMINOLOGIES (continued) • The underside of countertops, knee spaces, • The three non visible edges of adjustable and drawer aprons. shelves. • EXPOSED INTERIOR SURFACES, defined as all interior surfaces exposed to view in open • The fl at tops of cabinets 80” (2032 mm) • The faces of cabinet ends of adjoining units casework or behind transparent doors, include: or more above the fi nished fl oor, except if that butt together. visible from an upper fl oor or building level. • Shelves, including edgebanding.

• Divisions and partitions (front edge is an exposed surface). SURFACE TERMINOLOGY BY ILLUSTRATION • Interior face of ends (sides), backs, and bottoms (including pull outs). Also included are the interior surfaces of cabinet top members 36” (914 mm) or more above the ﬁ nished ﬂ oor. Exposed Exterior Exposed Interior • Interior face of door and applied drawer fronts. Semi-exposed Concealed • SEMI-EXPOSED SURFACES, defined as those interior surfaces only exposed to view when doors or drawers are opened, include:

• Tops and bottoms of shelves, including front edgebanding (front edge is an exposed surface).

• Divisions and partitions (front edge is an exposed surface).

• Interior face of ends (sides), backs, and bottoms (including a bank of drawers). Also included are the interior surfaces of cabinet top members 36” (914 mm) or more above the ﬁ nished ﬂ oor.

10 • Drawer sides, sub fronts, backs, and bottoms.

• The underside of cabinet bottoms between 24” (610 mm) and 42” (1067 mm) above the ﬁ nished ﬂ oor.

• Security and dust panels or drawer stretchers.

• CONCEALED SURFACES, defined as those exterior or interior surfaces that are covered or not normally exposed to view including:

• Toe space unless otherwise specified.

• Sleepers, stretchers, and solid sub tops.

• The underside of cabinet bottoms less than 24” (610 mm) above the ﬁ nished ﬂ oor. Figure: 10-001

SURFACE FINISH REQUIREMENTS • EXPOSED INTERIOR SURFACES for: • SEMI-EXPOSED SURFACES for:

• EXPOSED EXTERIOR SURFACES for: • ECONOMY GRADE at: • WOOD casework require for both TRANSPARENT and OPAQUE finish at: • WOOD casework requires: • WOOD casework requires: • ECONOMY GRADE, wood of the • For TRANSPARENT finish, wood of • For TRANSPARENT finish, LPDL or manufacturer’s choice of species, MDO, speciﬁ ed species, cut, and match. wood of the manufacturer’s choice. MDF, particleboard, or LPDL of the manufacturer’s choice of color. • For OPAQUE finish at: • For OPAQUE finish at, Particleboard, MDF, MDO, softwood plywood, • CUSTOM GRADE, wood of the • ECONOMY GRADE, Particleboard, hardwood plywood, or solid stock of manufacturer’s choice of species, or MDF, MDO, softwood plywood, manufacturer’s choice. LPDL of the manufacturer’s choice of hardwood plywood, or solid stock. color. • DECORATIVE LAMINATE casework • CUSTOM GRADE, MDF, MDO, close requires, LPDL of the manufacturer’s • PREMIUM GRADE, wood of a compatible grain hardwood plywood, or solid stock. choice. species to the exposed.

• PREMIUM GRADE, MDF and MDO. • CUSTOM GRADE at: • DECORATIVE LAMINATE casework at all grades requires, LPDL of the manufacturer’s • DECORATIVE LAMINATE casework • WOOD casework requires: choice of color. requires at: • For TRANSPARENT finish, wood of • SOLID PHENOLIC casework requires, solid • ECONOMY GRADE, LPDL of specifi ed the same species as the exposed phenolic of the mill’s choice of color. color or pattern. exterior surface. • CONCEALED SURFACES for all grades at, • CUSTOM and PREMIUM GRADE, HPDL • For OPAQUE finish at, MDF, MDO, decorative laminate, wood, and solid phenolic of specifi ed color or pattern. close grain hardwood plywood, or solid casework require the manufacturer’s choice. stock of manufacturer’s choice. • SOLID PHENOLIC casework requires for PREMIUM GRADE, solid phenolic of • DECORATIVE LAMINATE casework specifi ed color or pattern. requires HPDL or LPDL compatible to exposed exterior surface in color, grain, or pattern of manufacturer’s choice.

• PREMIUM GRADE at:

• WOOD casework requires: 10

• For TRANSPARENT finish, wood of same the species and cut as the exposed exterior surface.

• For OPAQUE finish, use of MDF and MDO of manufacturer’s choice.

• DECORATIVE LAMINATE casework requires, HPDL, the same as the exposed exterior surface.

• SOLID PHENOLIC casework requires, solid phenolic, the same as the exposed exterior surface.

CABINET CONSTRUCTION TERMINOLOGY CABINET AND DOOR INTERFACE • FACE FRAME Construction: TERMINOLOGY FRAMELESS construction where the front edge of the cabinet body components are edgebanded. FLUSH OVERLAY is the default for either FRAMELESS or FACE FRAME casework:

• OVERLAY including flush, reveal, or lipped, as illustrated below:

• FRAMELESS Construction: Figure: 10-008 Flush Overlay

Figure: 10-005 Flush Overlay

Figure: 10-009 Reveal Overlay Figure: 10-003 FACE FRAME construction where the front edge of the cabinet body components are overlaid with a frame. Figure: 10-006 Reveal Overlay

Figure: 10-010 Lipped

• FLUSH INSET, as illustrated below:

Figure: 10-007 10 Lipped

Figure: 10-011 Frameless Construction

Figure: 10-004 SELECTION shall be manufacturer’s choice, unless specified otherwise.

Figure: 10-012 Face Frame Construction

LAYOUT REQUIREMENTS OF GRAINED OR • CUSTOM GRADE - doors, drawer fronts, • Radius edge with thick applied edgeband. PATTERNED FACES BY GRADE and false fronts shall run and match vertically within each cabinet unit: • STILE and RAIL doors and drawer fronts for all Unit # 1 Unit # 2 Grades, drawer fronts shall run either vertically or horizontally at the manufacturer’s choice for Figure:10-019 the entire project. Doors shall be vertical. • Square edge with thick applied edgeband: Unit # 1 Unit # 2

Figure: 10-020 Figure: 10-016 • Square edge with inset edgeband. • PREMIUM GRADE - doors, drawer fronts, and false fronts shall run and match vertically and be sequenced horizontally Figure: 10-013 within each cabinet unit; and at cathedral Figure: 10-021 Unit # 1 Unit # 2 grain, the crown shall be pointing up and run in the same direction for the entire • Lipped edge with inset edgeband: project. Doors, drawer fronts, and false fronts shall be well matched for color and grain across multiple cabinet faces in one elevation. Requirement for blueprint or sequencing between cabinet units must be Figure: 10-022 so specified. To PREVENT TELEGRAPHING, inset solid Unit # 1 Unit # 2 wood edging when used must have similar

Figure: 10-014 moisture content as panel core, be glued securely and calibrated with panel core • FLUSH PANEL doors and drawer fronts: thickness prior to being laminated with a wood veneer on both faces. • ECONOMY GRADE - drawer fronts shall run either vertically or horizontally at the • Common RETENTION PROFILES: manufacturer’s choice for the entire project. Doors shall be vertical. Mismatch is allowed: • Fixed panel. 10 Unit # 1 Unit # 2 Figure: 10-017 DOOR AND APPLIED DRAWER FRONT PROFILES Figure: 10-023 For illustration purposes only and are not intended to be duplicated exactly: • Removable stop. • Common EDGE PROFILES:

• Square edge with thin applied edgeband. Figure: 10-015 Figure: 10-024

• Removable stop at HPDL face.

Figure: 10-018

Figure: 10-025

DOOR AND APPLIED DRAWER FRONT CASEWORK INTEGRITY • STATIC LOAD CAPACITY: PROFILES (continued) These standards have adopted a portion of • 50 pounds, residential and light commercial. • Removable stop, synthetic. SEFA’s (Scientific Equipment and Fixture Association) methods of testing and acceptable • 75 pounds, commercial. results as the minimum acceptable level of integrity for casework, as found in the a • 100 pounds, heavy duty. APPENDIX. • Over 100 pounds, special conditions, extra Figure: 10-026 heavy duty. CABINET HARDWARE • Removable retainer, synthetic. • DYNAMIC LOAD CAPACITY: These standards have adopted ANSI/BHMA Standards (latest edition), Grade 2, as the basic • 30 pounds for 35,000 cycles, residential and minimum requirement. For more specific details, light commercial. see the PRODUCT portion of this Section. Choice Figure: 10-027 of product should be made on the basis of utility, • 50 pounds for 50,000 cycles, commercial. aesthetics, security objectives, and the end use • Removable clips. desired. As a general guide: • 75 pounds for 100,000 cycles, heavy duty.

• GRADE 1 is the highest and is suitable for • REMOVAL: most institutional applications. • Passive disconnect - A means of drawer Figure: 10-028 • GRADE 2 is used in most other applications. removal that does not require active disconnecting. CABINET DESIGN SERIES (CDS) DRAWER SLIDE SELECTION GUIDE • Positive disconnect - A means of removing Details were developed by the industry and The following serves as both a checklist and a starting a drawer that requires active disconnection represent a series of numbered cabinet designs point for the discussion of a wide variety of drawer or removal of hardware. that are available for ease of specification slide systems. While by no means exhaustive, the and drawing. A numerical/elevation key to characteristics described below are often considered • CLOSING: the CDS may be found in DESIGN IDEAS. di the most important by the client, the design • Self closing/stay closed, drawer slides professional, and the woodwork manufacturer. The CAD details are available in both Autodesk will self close with the related dynamic load selec tion of the slide characteristics will affect the Revit Families and AutoCAD “.dwg / .dxf” files when the drawer is 2” (50.8 mm) from the usefulness of the cabinets. Careful consideration of the elevations may be found on the Sponsor fully closed position and not bounce open should be given to avoid “over specifying” for the Associations’ websites: when properly adjusted. 10 purpose intended: • Architectural Woodwork Institute - • DEGREE OF EXTENSION: • METAL SIDED DRAWER SYSTEMS must be www.awinet.org. specified and should require: • STANDARD EXTENSION, all but 4” - 6” • Architectural Woodwork Manufacturers (101.6 - 152.4 mm) of drawer body extends • Positive stop, drawer must stop within itself Association of Canada - www.awmac.com. out of the cabinet. and not rely on the drawer front to stop it.

• Woodwork Institute - • FULL EXTENSION, entire drawer body • Pullout strength, system must demonstrate www.woodworkinstitute.com. extends out to the face of cabinet. sufficient strength of attachment of front to sides, design professional should evaluate These cabinets may be specified by number • FULL EXTENSION with over travel, entire and approve individually. to a specific size requirement on the plan view drawer body extends beyond the face of drawings without having to draw elevations. cabinet. They are drawn as Frameless Construction, flush overlay Interface’, with integral finished ends and scribes at wall to wall installations not exceeding 1-1/2” (38.1 mm) in width.

HINGE SELECTION GUIDE • Butt hinge, typically used in conventional ADJUSTABLE SHELF LOADING and flush with face frame application, offering high DEFLECTION Architectural cabinet hinges will usually be strength, low cost, moderate ease of installation furnished from the manufacturer’s stock unless and adjustment; however, can require mortising Proper specification can balance aesthetic needs otherwise speciﬁ ed. The three most common and shows an exposed knuckle. with load requirements. hinge types are illustrated below. Load is the total applied weight, uniformly European hinges with the screws set in synthetic dispersed on an individual shelf, not to exceed inserts are an established industry standard. 200 lbs (90.7 Kg) on any one shelf. These These hinges have been found to be cost standards have adopted the following load effective alternatives to the more traditional capacities: hinges shown below. Follow hinge manufacturers’ Figure: 10-031 rec om men da tions on number and spacing of • 50 lbs per sq ft (244.1 kg/m2) for school, hinges. There are con ditions, however, in which hospital, and library or book shelving. the use of butt or wraparound hinges will continue to be the best solution. Pivot hinges often require • 40 lbs per sq ft (195.3 kg/m2) for all other a cut in center hinge. Consult manufacturer’s shelving. recommendations: Shelving specification requires consideration of • European style hinge, typically used in deflection, the measured distance from a straight conventional flush without face frame and line that a shelf will deflect under load. L/144 (the reveal or flush overlay application offering length of the shelf divided by 144) is the industry moderate strength, full concealment, moderate standard for the maximum acceptable deflection cost, ease of installation and adjustment. of a shelf, which permits 1/4” (6.4 mm) deflection in a 36” (914 mm) shelf.

Creep is the increase in deflection over time, which fluctuates with temperature, humidity, and load stress. Creep is not considered a defect; if it is a concern, it can be reduced by:

• Reduced loading of shelves.

• Use of material with a higher (stiffer) modulus Figure: 10-029 of elasticity (MOE).

• Wraparound hinge (3 & 5 knuckle), typically • Use of alternate construction (support) 10 used in flush and reveal overlay applications techniques. offering very high strength, moderate cost, ease of installation and moderate ease of • Use of a decreased factor of acceptable adjustment; however, can require mortising and deflection. shows an exposed knuckle and hinge body.

Frame

Door

Figure: 10-030

CONSTRUCTION DETAIL NOMENCLATURE • DOWEL JOINT - Alternative joinery method • DRAWER LOCK JOINT - Another joinery method for serving same function as Conventional Mortise joining draw er sides to fronts. Usually used for Familiarity with the labeled details on this and and Tenon. flush type installation, but can be adapted to lip following pages will facilitate communication or overlay type drawers. between architects, designers, speciﬁ ers, and woodwork manufacturers by establishing common technical lan guage:

• STUB TENON - Joinery method for assembling stile and rail type frames that are additionally supported, such as web or skele ton case frames.

Figure: 10-035

• FRENCH DOVETAIL JOINT - Method for joining drawer sides to fronts when fronts conceal Figure: 10-038 metal extension slides or overlay the case faces. • EXPOSED END DETAILS - Illustrates attachment of finished end of case body to front frame using:

• BUTT JOINT Figure: 10-032

• HAUNCH MORTISE AND TENON JOINT - Joinery method for as sem bling paneled doors or stile and rail type paneling.

Figure: 10-039

Figure: 10-036 • SHOULDER MITERED JOINT.

• CONVENTIONAL DOVETAIL JOINT - Traditional method for joining drawer sides to fronts or 10 backs. Usually limited to flush or lipped type Figure: 10-033 drawers.

• CONVENTIONAL MORTISE AND TENON JOINT - Joinery Figure: 10-040 method for assembling square edged surfaces such as case face frames.

• POCKET SCREW JOINT.

Figure: 10-037

Figure: 10-034

Figure: 10-041

• THROUGH DADO - Conventional joint used for • DOWEL JOINT - An established industry standard • SPLINE JOINT: Used to strengthen and align assembly of case body members. Dado not assembly meth od, this versatile joinery faces when gluing panels in width or length, concealed by application of case face frame. technique is often based on 1-1/4” (32 mm) including items requiring site as sem bly. spacing of dowels.

Figure: 10-049

• PANELED DOOR DETAILS - Joinery techniques when paneled effect is desired. Profiles are optional as is the use of flat or raised panels. Figure: 10-042 Figure: 10-045 Solid lumber raised panels may be used when width does not exceed Custom Grade • BLIND DADO - Variation of Through Dado with • DOWEL SCREW JOINT - An alternative to the dowel standard. Rim raised panels are required applied edge “stop ping” or concealing dado joint above. for Pre mi um Grade or when widths exceed groove. Custom Grade or when transparent finish is used.

Stile Solid Raised Panel or Membrane- wrapped veneer over stable Solid Ovolo panel product Sticking Rail

Figure: 10-050 Figure: 10-046

• EDGEBANDING - Method of concealing plies or Figure: 10-043 inner cores of plywood or particleboard when Stile Rim Raised Panel edges are exposed. Thickness or config u ra tion • STOP DADO - Another method of concealing will vary with manufacturers’ practices. dado exposure. Appli ca ble when veneer edging Solid Sticking 10 or solid lumber is used. Exposed end detail Rail illustrates attachment of finished end of case body to front frame using butt joint. Figure: 10-051

Varies From 0.017" to 0.118" Stile Flat or Raised (0.45 mm to 3 mm) Panel

Figure: 10-047 ITER ITER OLD OINT • M / M F J . Applied Raised Molding Rail

Figure: 10-052

Figure: 10-044

Figure: 10-048

SPECIFY REQUIREMENTS FOR RECOMMENDATIONS

• Construction type. • If FIELD FINISHED, include in Division 09 of the specifications: • Door and drawer front Interface style. • BEFORE FINISHING, exposed portions of • Door and drawer front edge profile. woodwork shall have handling marks or effects of exposure to moisture, removed • Toe base finish. with a thorough, final sanding over all surfaces of the exposed portions and shall • Grain direction, if other than vertical. be cleaned before applying sealer or finish. • Inside clearance. • At CONCEALED SURFACES - Architectural • Seismic fabrication and/or installation. woodwork that may be exposed to moisture, such as those adjacent to exterior concrete • Flame spread rating. walls, etc., shall be primed.

• Moisture resistance. • REVIEW the GENERAL portion of Sections 3 and 4 for an overview of the characteristics • Insulation from adjacent heating cooling and the minimum acceptable requirements sources. of lumber and/or sheet products that might be used herein. • Hardware. • STRUCTURAL MEMBERS, grounds, in wall • Laboratory features, such as: blocking, backing, furring, brackets, or other • Pipe chase allowance and/or removable anchorage which becomes an integral part backs behind base cabinets. of the building’s walls, floors, or ceilings, required for the installation of architectural • Removable top at countertop splash. woodwork are not to be furnished or installed • Moisture resistant base. by the architectural woodwork manufacturer • Chemical resistant finish or surfaces. or installer.

• At wood casework: • Species of veneer. 10 • Method of slicing (plain, quarter, rift, or rotary). • Matching of veneer leaves (book, slip, or random). • Matching of veneer leaves within the face of a cabinet unit. • Matching between doors, drawers, and adjacent panels (non sequenced, sequenced, or blueprint). • End matching. • Grain direction, if other than vertical.