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Thom Ulovlulitu THOMULOVLULITU US009737386B2 (12 ) United States Patent ( 10 ) Patent No. : US 9 ,737 , 386 B2 Weyer ( 45) Date of Patent: Aug . 22 , 2017 ( 54 ) DOSAGE PROJECTILE FOR REMOTELY F42B 12 /46 (2006 .01 ) TREATING AN ANIMAL A61K 9 / 00 ( 2006 . 01 ) A61K 9 /48 (2006 .01 ) (71 ) Applicant : SmartVet Pty Ltd , Fig Tree Pocket, (52 ) U . S . CI. Queensland ( AU ) ??? . .. .. .. .. A610 7700 ( 2013 . 01 ) ; A61K 8 /0241 (2013 .01 ) ; A61K 8 / 062 ( 2013 .01 ) ; A61K 8 / 585 ( 72 ) Inventor : Grant Weyer , Noosa Heads (AU ) ( 2013 .01 ) ; A61K 8 /8152 ( 2013 .01 ) ; A61K 8 / 895 ( 2013 . 01 ) ; A610 19 /00 ( 2013 .01 ) ; F42B ( 73 ) Assignee : SmartVet Pty Ltd , Brisbane , 12 / 40 (2013 .01 ) ; F42B 12 / 46 ( 2013 .01 ) ; A61K Queensland (AU ) 9 /0017 ( 2013 .01 ) ; A61K 9 / 4858 ( 2013 . 01 ) ; A61K 2800 / 412 ( 2013 .01 ) ; A61K 2800 /49 ( * ) Notice : Subject to any disclaimer , the term of this ( 2013 .01 ) patent is extended or adjusted under 35 (58 ) Field of Classification Search U . S . C . 154 (b ) by 0 days. CPC . .. .. A61K 2800 /49 ; A61K 8 / 064 ; A61K 2800 /596 ; A61K 8 /0241 ; A61K 8 /895 ; (21 ) Appl. No. : 14 /890 ,230 A61K 2800 / 412 ; A61K 8 / 891; A61K 8 /8152 ; A61K 8 / 585 ; A61K 8 / 062 ; A610 ( 22 ) PCT Filed : May 8 , 2014 19 / 00 See application file for complete search history . ( 86 ) PCT No. : PCT/ AU2014 / 000501 $ 371 ( c ) ( 1 ) , ( 56 ) References Cited ( 2 ) Date : Nov. 10 , 2015 U . S . PATENT DOCUMENTS 6 ,524 , 286 B1 2 /2003 Helms et al . (87 ) PCT Pub . No .: WO2014 /179831 2010 /0203122 AL 8 / 2010 Weyer et al. PCT Pub . Date : Nov . 13 , 2014 (65 ) Prior Publication Data OTHER PUBLICATIONS International Search Report issued in corresponding International US 2016 /0081782 A1 Mar . 24 , 2016 Patent Application No . PCT/ AU2014 /000501 dated Jun . 11 , 2014 . Related U . S . Application Data Primary Examiner - Carlos Azpuru (74 ) Attorney , Agent, or Firm — Morgan , Lewis & ( 60 ) Provisional application No. 61/ 821 , 789 , filed on May Bockius LLP 10 , 2013 . (57 ) ABSTRACT (51 ) Int. CI. The invention relates to a dosage projectile for administering A61K 8 /02 ( 2006 .01 ) an active agent to an animal, the projectile configured to A610 700 ( 2006 .01 ) contain an active agent and having a frangible shell adapted A610 19 /00 ( 2006 .01 ) to fragment on impact with an animal to deliver the active A61K 8 /895 ( 2006 .01 ) agent to the animal and produce a plurality of shell frag A61K 8 / 06 ( 2006 . 01 ) ments associated with the animal after impact to provide a A61K 8 / 58 ( 2006 .01 ) visible mark on the animal. A61K 8 /81 ( 2006 . 01 ) F42B 12 /40 ( 2006 .01 ) 15 Claims, No Drawings US 9 , 737 , 386 B2 DOSAGE PROJECTILE FOR REMOTELY pylene or polyethylene, polycarbonate , polyamide , polyvi TREATING AN ANIMAL nylchloride , resinous compounds , thermoplastic polyesters such as polylactic acid , thermoplastic starch polymer blends , TECHNICAL FIELD or combinations thereof. 5 It is contemplated that any known plasticized gelatine and The invention relates to dosage projectiles for delivering sugar alcohol may be suitable for manufacturing the dosage an active agent to an animal . In particular the invention projectile . The sugar alcohol may be from glycol, glycerol , relates to dosage projectiles that shatter on impact with an erythritol, threitol, arabitol, xylitol , ribitol, mannitol, sorbi animal to produce fragments that remain associated with the tol, galactitol , fucitol, iditol , inositol, volemitol , isomalt , animal to mark the impact site . maltitol, lactitol, maltotriitol, maltotetraitol, polyglycitol or combinations thereof. BACKGROUND In one embodiment the frangible shell is biodegradable . The farming of animals , particularly commercially impor For capsule shells composed of plasticized gelatin , the tant animals such as cattle typically involves the adminis - 15 aanhydrous shell composition may include from about 20 % tration of active agents such as vaccines or pesticides. It is to 70 % of a polyol or polyolblend , including but not limited frequently difficult and costly to deliver active agents to to , glycerol, maltitol , xylitol , sorbitol, sorbitan , propylene animals as this requires herding and containing the animals glycol, polyethylene glycol, and mannitol. The gelatin poly for that purpose . mer composition may contain from 1 % to 5 % additives A number of prior art treatment systems require delivery 20 including colorants , opacifiers, lubricants, and antifoam of an active agent by piercing the skin or tissue . Although agents . these devices can effectively deliver the desired treatment. The frangible shell may contain or be coated with a often the animal is exposed to the potential of post - treatment marker. The marker may be selected from a water insoluble infections at the site of delivery . An additional problem with dye , water soluble dye, pigment, Lake dye , infra -red dye , many of the prior art methods is that it can be difficult to 25 ultraviolet dye, a luminescent dye, coloured paint , reflective , determine or monitor which animal has been treated . refractive, fluorescent or luminescent material. Known methods for remotely delivering agents to animals In some embodiments the shell fragments may be refrac or humans can involve providing of aerosols in close prox - tive , reflective , coloured , fluorescent , or luminescent. imity to the animal or person to be treated from a projectile In one embodiment the shell fragments mark the animal that does not penetrate the skin or tissue. The use of aerosols 30 for a period of time to allow confirmation that an animal has cannot deliver a defined dosage of an active agent. been treated . For example , a period of about 20 minutes to WO 2008 /0522631 in the name of Smartvet Pty Ltd 3 hours may be suitable . In some embodiments marking is describes a remote treatment delivery system comprising a for up to about 72 hours can be desirable . dosage projectile containing an active agent and a transder The dosage projectile is capable of being remotely deliv mal carrier. Typically the projectile will split or rupture on 35 ered over a distance . contact with an animal and the contents of the projectile , The active agent may be a pharmaceutical, veterinary which may include a marker, will be transferred to the pharmaceutical , vaccine or immunogenic compound , para animal while the projectile shell falls away . In some cases, siticide , pesticide , or health supplement. depending on the nature of the marker and the colour of the In some embodiments the pharmaceutical or veterinary animal it can be difficult to determine which animals have 40 pharmaceutical can be macrocyclic lactones, synthetic pyre been treated , particularly if the animals are viewed from a throids , insect growth regulators , anthelminitics , steroid distance . In addition , the marker is contained within the hormones , anaesthetic agents and analgesics, antibacterial or projectile and is in solution with the active agent this antibiotic agents , anthelmintic , anti - trematodal, antices restricts the choice and amount ofmarker to those that do not todal , anti - parasitic / parasiticidal agents , acaricidal agents , unduly reduce the efficacy of the active agent. 45 anti- fungal agents , antihistamine agents , antiviral agents , The present inventor has developed a dosage projectile anxiolytic agents, B - adrenergic agonists, bronchodilators , which is configured to fragment on impact with an animal anti - allergy agents , cardioactive agents , central nervous sys and leave at least some of these fragments of the shell on the tem stimulants and agents , cholinergic agents , anti -cholin skin or fur of the animal to produce a visible mark on the ergic agents , anti- emetic agents , or muscle relaxants . animal at the site of impact . 50 In some embodiments the health supplement can be a vitamin or mineral. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In some embodiments the pharmaceutical or veterinary pharmaceutical may be a macrocyclic lactone such as iver In a first aspect the invention provides a dosage projectile mectin , eprinomectin , moxidectin , selamectin , doramectin , for administering an active agent to an animal, the projectile 55 milbemycin , abamectin , cydectin and emamectin benzoate . having a frangible shell configured to contain an active agent In some embodiments the pesticide is a synthetic pyre and adapted to fragment on impact with an animal to deliver throid such as lambda cyhalothrin , flumethrin , deltamethrin , the active agent to the animal and produce a plurality of shell cypermethrin , cyfluthrin , fenvalerate , alphacypermethrin fragments associated with the animal after impact to provide and pyrethrin . a visible mark on the animal. 60 In some embodiments the pesticide is an insect growth The visible mark allows determination of which animal in regulator such as pyriproxifen , methoprene , cyromazine , a herd or group of animals has been treated . lufenuron , diflubenzuron , fluazuron , dicyclanil and flua In one embodiment the dosage projectile is substantially z uron . non - skin piercing . In some embodiments the pesticide is an antihelminthic The frangible????? shell . may be made of plasticized gelatine 65 such as, imidacloprid , rotenone, magnesium flurosilicate , and sugar alcohol, polystyrene or polystyrene derivatives, piperonyl butoxide , spinosyns and benzimidazoles such as hydrophilic colloidalmaterials , polyolefins such as polypro - albendazole , oxfenbendazole , fenbendazole . US 9 ,737 , 386 B2 In one embodiment the
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