Index nominum et rerum NOTE: No effort has been made to enforce uniformity of spelling and trans- literation on the authors, so people or things may appear in the index with a different spelling from that used in the text. Nor has any effort been made to include every proper name that appears in the book.

Abibalos, 300 bishop of, 24124 Abimelech, 173 of Abraham, 31-32, 102, 173, 2149, 30056 riots and embassy, 78, 84-5 Abraham ben David of Posquières, marriage customs, 99 , 198-9, 201 Philo of. See Philo Judaeus Abulafia, Meir HaLevi, Rabbi, 182 rhetors, 159 admissions Alexandrian poets, 219 of debt, 179-207 Alexandrians, 2708 Aduatuci, 7112 Alguadez, Meir, Don, 3120 adultery, 99-103 alum, 226-7 Aeneas of Gaza, 155, 162 Ammon, 104, 219 Aeschines, 104 Amnon son of David, 23, 26, 2913, 32, Africa, 211–23 10137 agriculture, 52 amoraim, 97, 192 Agrippa, Marcus Vipsanius, 70 Amphitryon, 10242 Agrippa I, King, 705, 85114, 119 Amulo, 9513 Agrippa II, King, 17, 705 Anaxilas, 214-15, 221 Agrippesians, 70 andrapodismos, 236, 240-1, 248-50. See Aḥa sar ha-birah, Rabbi, 110 also doulagogia, plagiaria Akiva, Rabbi, 5517 animals, 46, 60, 229, 329 Albania, 73-426-8 in Africa, 214-17 Al-Bargeloni, Judah, Rabbi, 186-8 rent of, 200 Alcmene, 10242 sacrificial, 173, 323 Alexander Balas, 26440 anniculi probatio, 83 Alexander Polyhistor, 2149 Antigonus Monophthalmus, 227 Alexander son of Aristobulus II, 7430, Antigonus II , King of Judaea, 76, 77 77 Alexander the Great, 104, 286 on the Orontes, 60, 118, 161 Alexandra wife of Philip II, 102, 104 Antiochus III, 71, 296 Alexandria, 14915, 172, 246 Antiochus IV, 10031

362 Antoninus, 121, 124, 128 Babylonian . See Talmud: in Jewish sources, 56-7, 13039 Babylonian Pius, 124, 128-9, 13039, 2564 Baghdad, 181 “the good”, 118, 129 Balaam, 267 Aphrodites polis, 169-71 Balak, 267 Aphroditopolitis, 169 Bar Kokhba, 131–54, 191-2 Apollo, 10242 signature, 134 Aquincum, 127 Barabbas, 313-14 Arabia, 7427 bastardy, 91–114 provincia Arabia, 123, 126, 128-9, Basternae, 7326 131 baths, 4, 117–30 Arabic, 30-120, 3525, 37, 39, 44, 53, Bavli. See Talmud: Babylonian 6144, 1311-2, 2874 beetroot, 57-8 Aramaic, 13, 52, 922, 95, 104, 1329, Ben Yair, , 325-34 137-47, 18936, 192-4, 276 Berlin, Naftali Zvi Yehuda, Rabbi, 183 Arangio-Ruiz, Vincenzo, XXIV Berytus, 156, 159-62, 29747 Aristobulus II, 73–7 Bethlehem, 101, 106, 136 Aristophanes, 59, 216, 221 Bible, XXI, 16-32, 40, 52, 54, 56, Aristotle, 4, 23–50, 214-15, 220-1 173‑4, 217, 285, 298, 30056, 310 Armenia, 73-426-8 Bickerman, Elias, 6, 285–305 Armon, 110 Bilhah, 101 army, 35, 328. See also legions birds, 216 Israeli, 322 Bithynia, 161 Roman, 75, 117–30, 329, 331 bitumen, 226 Arsinoite nome, 269-81 Black Sea, 216 Artabanus III, 29013 Bnei Brith, 311 artichokes, 51–65 Boaz, 26 Ascalon, 157, 160-1 Boethius, 3120 Asenath, 101 Britain, 132 Asia, 75, 289 Bruni, Leonardo, 3120 Asia Minor, 71, 692, 213 Byblos, 297-8. See also Philo of Byblos Jews in, 69-71 Provincia Asia, 692, 7326, 12320 Caesar (title), 4, 121-4, 128-9, 325 asphalt, 226-9 Caesar, Julius, 4, 6, 71, 8082 astrologers, 7643 Caesarea Maritima, 5, 12112, 12217, atheism, 300, 329-33 156-62 Athenaeus, 58-9, 62 , 311, 316, 320 Athens, 1221, 59, 1183-4, 161, 174, 212, Cairo genizah, 194 2707, 292 Caligula, 78, 84-6 Augustan era, 69, 81, 225 Callimachus, 219 Augustesians, 70 Capito, Cn. Vergilius, prefect, 243 Augustus, 7322, 85122, 11062 Cappadocia, 7326-7 and the Jews, 69-70, 80 Caracalla, 121, 128, 13039, 174 cardoon, 59 Babatha, XXIV-XXV, 110, 15020, 193 Carthage, 60 Babylonia, 56, 61, 93, 1827 Cassius Dio, 1831

INDEX NOMINUM ET RERUM 363 Castor, C. Longinus, 11062 Cordoba, 60 Catius, T., 298 coriander, 59, 62 Catullus, 219, 221 corn, 7534, 135, 216-8, 221 Celsus, XXIX, 94-5, 101, 108, 300 distributions of, 80 census, 77, 79, 83 Egyptian, 217, 221 chate melon, 52-4 courgettes, 52 Christianity, 32, 307–36. See also courts supersession architectural, 11061, 141 Christians, 117–30 of kings, 18, 230 anti-Christian polemic, 300 of law, 5, 81, 93, 9930, 105, 108, authors, 1212, 6247, 102, 299 155, 157, 160, 174, 180, 184-6, in movies, 307–36 189, 196-7, 199-203, 212, 239, rhetors, 157 245‑6, 258 Cicero, 13-14, 75-6, 79, 1323 Crassus, M. Licinius, 77 Cilicia, 7326-7427-8, 124 Crete 7326, 7428 circumcision, 316, 333 Creusa 10242 citizenship, 285 cucumbers, 51–65 Alexandrian, 2708 cumin, 60, 62 citizens of the world, 285, 318 Cumont, Franz, 286–94 Roman, XXIV, 69-70, 78-84, 9616, cursus honorum, XXIII, 126 11062, 174, 225 Cyrene, 692, 219 Claudian, 220 Claudius, 83102, 85 Dacians, 4 Claudius Etruscus, 217 Dalmatia, 217 , 26440 Damascius, 159 cloth Damascus, 194 dyeing, 226 Daphne near Antioch, 161 letters on, 132 Darius I, 7325 coins, 7111, 7215, 7325, 77, 171, 217 David, King, 23, 26-9, 32, 35-6, 48, Colchis, 7427-8 106-7 Commagene, 7428 de Gaulle, Charles, 296 commerce, 2137. See also trade Dead Sea, 132, 193, 225–31 commercium, 81-2 Dead Sea Scrolls, 323 Commodus, 121-5, 128, 21720 deicide, 94, 308, 316-17, 319-20 conquest, 3-4, 71, 74, 76, 94, 1311, 286, Delos, 72 292, 296 Delphi, 71 Constantinople, 117, 128, 156, 159, Demetrios II, 26440 161-3 demotic, 255-6, 258-9, 263-4, 27630 Constitutio Antoniniana, 11062 Didius Iulianus, 123, 125 consul, 13, 83102, 123-6, 297 Didymus, 213 contract, XXIV, 6, 81-2, 171-5, 183, Dinah daughter of Jacob, 101 187-9, 196-7, 237-40, 243-4, 246, Diodorus Siculus, 12, 227-9 248, 256, 2578, 269-72, 276-7 Diogenianus, 213, 216 marriage, 98-9, 109-10, 19350, Dionysius of Halicarnassus, 1221 262‑3. See also ketubah divorce, 33, 93, 98-9, 101, 111, 175 conubium, 96

364 documents. See also contracts; Judaean Eusebius, 15610, 299-300 Desert documents; ketubah; mar- Eutropius, 156 riage: documents halachic, 186-95 Feuchtwanger, Lion, 285, 303 in , 69-70, 111 Florentinus, 2278 Ptolemaic, 169-75, 269-81 food, XXII, 4, 51–65, 135, 333 Roman, XXIV, 174, 269-81 freedmen, 69-70, 78-9, 81-3. See also dormice, 54 manumission doulagogia, 243, 245-50. See also friendship, 11, 23–50 andrapodismos, plagiaria frumentationes, 8082 dowry, XXIV, 9930, 10137, 108-9, 172, 194 Gabinius, 77 dreams, 18, 104 Gadara, 12217, 129, 30053 Dura Europus, 131, 287-9, 302 Gaius (emperor). See Caligula Galilee, 58, 61, 93, 121, 134, 137, 317, Éboué, Felix, 296 320 Echecles, 10242 Gallienus, 127 Egypt, 5, 59, 7534, 101-2, 131-2, 136, garum, 59, 62 148-50, 157, 160, 17531, 190, 217, Gaul, 70-1, 225 221, 255-67, 269–81, 289 Gaza, 155, 157-63 Byzantine, 15019, 269, 27110, 277 Genetic Information Act of 2000 (Is- law, 6, 255-67 rael), 108 Ptolemaic, 15019, 169–77, 171, 172, Germanicus, 75 255-67, 269-70, 277 Germanos, son of Judah, scribe, XXV Roman, 11062, 15019, 235–53, Germans, 4, 75 269‑70, 273, 277 gladiators, 72, 217, 33096 Egyptians, 102, 104, 2149, 24334, 275, gold, 102, 217-18, 227-30 296 goodness. See virtue Ein Gedi, 11061, 135, 139, 141-7, 191, gospels, 92-3, 101, 174, 307-9, 313, 193, 323 316, 318 Ein Jerab. See Hammat Gader gourds, 53, 59 Elagabalus, 121, 128 Gracchus, Ti. Sempronius maior, 75 Eleazar, Rabbi, 95 grain. See corn Eleazar ben Yair. See Ben Yair, Eleazar grammatici, 155, 160-1 Eleutheropolis, 159 grapes, 55, 59 el-Hama. See Hammat Gader grapheion, 269–81 Eliezer, Rabbi, 41, 5517, 303 Greater Punishment, Rule of, 198-202 Elusa, 160 Greece, 12, 213, 226 England, 3 Greek (language), XXIII-XXIV, 4, 10, Enipeus, 10242 128, 14, 25, 52, 1329, 138-9, 141, Ephesus, 692, 7213 143, 146-8, 157, 174, 18936, 193, Esau, 255, 33, 40, 56 215, 272, 275-6 , 323-4, 327, 330, 332 Grosseteste, Robert, 3120 Eudocia, 10242, 117, 119, 128-30 guardianship, 8191, 184 Eudorus, 10242 Guinea, 220 Euhemerism, 299, 301

INDEX NOMINUM ET RERUM 365 Hadrian, 213, 215, 217, 235, 247-50, Iberia, 7326, 7427-8, 217 297-8 imperialism, 28910, 314, 324, 326 Hagar, 102 imperium, 80, 8294 Hai Gaon, Rabbi, 190-5 India, 3, 4, 5311, 230 halacha, XXIV, 5, 51, 5517, 91–114, inheritance, 81-3, 109, 150, 183-4, 247, 175, 179–207 256, 262 HaMeiri, Menahem, Rabbi, 32, 183, inscriptions, 70-3, 117–30, 157-9, 163 198-9 intermarriage Hammat Gader, 117–30 between Greeks and non-Greeks, Ḥanina, Rabbi, 95, 9930 29640 Hasmonaeans, XXIII-XXIV, 719, 77 between Jews and non-Jews, 94-7, Hebrew, XXIII, 13, 25, 28, 52, 54, 10960 57‑8, 104, 1329, 134–37, 140-2, between Roman citizens and 146-7, 18936 192, 29850, 327 non‑citizens, 10960 Hebron, 327 Iran, 132 Hecataeus, 2149, 301 Isaac, 255, 31, 40, 30056 Heius, M., prefect, 246 Isaiah, 1835 Helene, Queen, 106 Islam, 94 Heliopolis, 10138 Israel Hera, 172 Jacob the patriarch. See Jacob Heracleopolis, 169, 172, 175 land of Israel, XXI-XXIII, 33, 52, Heracles, 102 54-6, 58, 60, 181-2, 18521, 315, Herculaneum, 7213, 1322 317. See also Judaea, Palestine, Hermes, 10242 Syria Palaestina Hermippos of Beirut, 297, 303 nation of Israel, i.e., the Jews, Hermopolis, 241 31‑33, 51-2, 56-7, 96, 99, 105-6, law book, 256, 258 181, 191-2, 311, 316-17, 323, 326 Herod the Great, 77, 313 state of Israel, 108, 119, 171, 196, Herod Antipas, 313 307, 313-14, 322, 331-3 Herodian of Alexandria, 297, 303 , 14, 69, 7217, 131* Herodias, 313 Herodion, 142–47 Jacob, 255, 267, 31, 33, 40, 46, 54, 56, Hierombalos, 300 101 Hieronymus of Cardia, 227-30 Jagsthausen, 127 Hillel, 2913, 98-100 Jeremiah, 18-19 historians, 9–21 , 141 historiography, 9–21, 301 , 10, 14, 18, 60, 71, 76, 10032, Greek, 4, 9, 16,-19 106, 117, 174, 312, 320, 327, 330, Roman, 17 331 Hittite, 29433 . See: Talmud: Hollywood, 307–36 Palestinian holocaust, 307–36 Jesus, 4, 91–114, 174 Horace, 216-18 in movies, 307–36 Horkos, 173 Jews, XXIII, 4, 6, 9–21, 73, 91–114, hypographê, 6, 269–81 131–54, 163, 169–77, 179-207, 299, hypomnêma, 273-4 300. See also Israel

366 diaspora, 4, 174-5 Julius Antonius, 692 dietary laws, 78 Junian Latins, 81-3 great rebellion, 14 jus primae noctis, 98-100 Hellenized, XXIII-XXIV, 172, 175 jus trium liberorum, 10959 law. See halacha, law: Jewish, Torah justice, XXIX, 16, 93, 323 Rome (city), 69–86 Justin, 225–31 slaves, 70-3, 76-80, 84, 324-5 Justinian, 156 social and economic status, 84, 172 Job, 101 katochê, 262 son of Saul, 23, 26-9, 32, Katzoff, Adina, XXI 35-6, 48 Katzoff, Binyamin, XXI Jonathan Apphus, high priest, XXIII Katzoff, Charlotte, XXII , 230 Katzoff, Louis, XXI-XXII Jordan valley, 58 Katzoff, Ranon, XVIII–XXXIV, 41, 6, Joseph, son of Jacob, 1828, 46, 217 9, 23*, 51, 9616, 9929, 169*, 18829, Joseph, husband of Mary, 91–114, 192, 19350, 211*, 225, 237, 255, 303 318-9. ketubah, 110, 183, 184. See also mar- Joseph of Arimathea, 319 riage: documents Josephus, 4, 9–21, 69, 74, 77, 78, 85119, kidnaping, 5, 235–53 10240, 2149, 229, 230, 285, 300, Kipling, Rudyard, 3-4 303, 322, 323, 324, 327, 330 Kirschenbaum, , XXIII Jotapata, 18 Judaea, 4, 71, 73-74, 76-8, 98, 100-1, Laban 267 106, 110, 132, 2288, 313-14, 317, Lambaesis, 127 319. See also Israel: land, Palestine, Late Antiquity, 110, 117, 128, 130, Syria Palestina 155-7, 273 Judaean Desert, 131 Latin, 14, 57, 129, 1312, 1324,9, 138-9, Judaean Desert documents, 5, 131–54, 147-8, 156-7, 161, 2149, 215, 225 189, 194 Latin status, 83-4 Judah, son of Jacob, 110, 192, 205 law, XXIX-XXX Judah Cimber, 194 Athenian, 240 Judah haNasi, Rabbi, 51-53, 55-8, 61, Biblical, 173 63, 13039 civil, 81 Judah Khthousion, XXIV, 11061,193 Egyptian, 6, 255–68 Judah son of Ilai, Rabbi, 100 Greek, 5, 16, 108, 169–77, 256 , X, XVI, XXII-XXXIV, 14, Hellenistic, 9821, 10957, 18831 16, 20, 51, 65, 87, 89-90, 96, 106, Jewish, 169–77, 303. See also hala- 112, 176, 205, 231, 304, 307, 321, cha, Torah 332100, 333-4 monetary, 179–207 Judas Iscariot, 319-20 Near Eastern, 10957 judges Persian 18831 expert (mumḥim)/lay (hedyotot), Roman, XXIV, XXX, 7969, 9930, 180, 182, 184-5, 196-7, 202 10034, 103, 109, 174, 18831, provincial, 162, 175 19660, 255–68 Julia Crispina, 15020 law of history, 9–21 Julian, 30055 lawyers, 5, 155–65

INDEX NOMINUM ET RERUM 367 lead, 228 markets, 72 lease, 172 marriage, 26, 33, 35, 41-2, 175 leather, letters on, 132 dissolution of daughter’s, 260, 262-4 legions, 100, 110, 121-2, 124, 126-9, documents, 193-4. See also ketubah 13039, 325, 328, 331 Hellenistic, 9821 II Adiutrix, 127 Near Eastern, 9821 II Traiana, 10032 Martial, 216, 218, 221 III Augusta, 127 Mary, mother of Jesus, 91–114, 318-19 III Cyrenaica, 126 Masada, 131-2, 138-9, 148, 321-2, 324, V Macedonica, 10032 327-9, 331-33 VI Ferrata, 10032, 122, 124, 126, 128-9 miniseries, 309, 321-4, 326-7, 330, X Fretensis, 10032 334 XII Fulminata, 10032 Media, 7427 XV Apollonaris, 10032 Mediterranean area, 53, 70, 109, 213, Leptis Magna, 7213 2692, 292 letters, 131–54 Megasthenes, 230 lettuce, 53, 56-7 Meiri. See HaMeiri, Menahem, Rabbi lex Fabia de plagio, 237 Menander of Athens, 102-4 lex Junia, 81-3 Menander I, King of Bactria, 4 lex Minicia, 96 Mesopotamia, 7427, 131 lex Papia Poppaea, 8292 Metellus, 7428 lex Sentia, 83 methodology, 13039, 212 lex Visellia, 83102 Michael, archangel 10138 liability, 185, 188 Miriam. See Mary, mother of Jesus Libanius, 156, 160-2 Misenum, 11062 Libya. See Africa , 23–50, 51, 56, 175, 179-80, literacy, 6, 132, 150, 211-12, 217, 220, 182-4, 186, 188, 190, 19557, 202 269–81 Mithridates Eupator 7325-6, 7428 Livia, 706 Mommsen, Theodor, 236 loans, 179–207 Moses, 15, 99, 172, 300 London, 3 Moses ben Maimon, Rabbi. See Longinus, C. Cassius, 77 love, 23–50 Moses ben Nachman, Rabbi. See Lucian, 11–12 Lucillus of Tarrha, 213 movies, 307–36 Lycopolis, 245-6, 248 multiculturalism, 307 murder, 235 Magnesia on Maeander, 7213 Magonius Valens, 11061 Nabatean, 276 Maimonides, 2813, 2915, 31, 34-41, Nabateans, 2288 44‑5, 94-95, 97, 106, 180-2 Naḥal Ḥever, 140–41, 191, 193 manumission, 78-84 Nahmanides, 200 by adoption, 80 Naomi, 26 by vindicta, 80 Nazareth, 101, 105, 319 informal, 80, 8294-5 Necho, Pharaoh, 10240 Marcus Aurelius, 121, 126, 128 Nectanebo, 104

368 , 38, 48 patriarchs, 56, 9615 Nepos, C., 297-8 patriotism, 12 Nero, 7217, 191-2, 29849 patronage, 81-2 Nessana, 131 Paul of Tyre, 297, 303 Netziv. See Berlin, Naftali Zvi Yehuda, Paul VI, Pope, 308, 318 Rabbi Pausanias, 230 Nicodemus, 319 peacocks, 54 Nile, 169, 173 peculium, 81-2 Nissim Girondi, Rabbi, 183 Pelusium, 160 Noah, 32 Persia, 70, 94 nomos, 15 Petra, 1322, 159-60 nomothetae, 15 Petronius, 4 Nostra Aetate, 308, 318 Pharaoh, 102 notaries, 174 Pharisees, 91, 323 Numantia, 75 Phasis, 216 numbers Philip II of Macedon, 102, 104, 225 in Roman sources, 77-8 Philo Judaeus, 4, 69–86, 99, 174, 29850 Philo of Byblos, 6, 297–303 oath, 169–77 philosophy, 23–50 obligations, 179-207 Arabic, 3020, 3525 Oenomaus of Gadara, 30055 Greek, 23–50 orientalization, 285–305 Phoenicia, 7427 Ostia, 7213 Phoenician, 298-9 ostraca, 131-2 Phoenicians, 300-1 Oxyrhynchus, 238, 242-3, 26126, 2692 Pilate, Pontius, 85119, 311, 314, 316, 319 pagans, 6143, 299-300 pirates, 7326, 74 Palestine, 5, 7427, 118, 128, 155–65, plagiaria, 248-9. See also andrapodismos, 180, 311, 331. See also Israel: land, doulagogia Judaea, Syria Palaestina plagium, 23711-12, 249 Palestinian Talmud. See Talmud: Plato, 23-5, 27-30, 157, 174, 250 Palestinian pleasure, 23-32, 35-40, 42, 47, 6144, palm leaves, letters on, 132 10956, 226 Pandera, 91–114 Pliny the Elder, 215, 230 panprasia, 262 Pliny the Younger, 297 pantheism, 29851 poetry, 118, 128-9 Panthera. See Pandera poisoning, 235 Paphlagonia, 7326, 7427 politeuma, 169, 171 papyri, XXIV, 5, 70, 131–54, 169–77, Polybius, 11, 13 235–53, 255–68, 269–81 Polymele, 10242 papyrology, XXX Pompeii, 7213 papyrus, 132 Pompey, 71-6, 225, 312, 314 parchment, 132 Pontius Pilate. See Pilate, Pontius Parthia, 77, 29013 Pontus, 7326-7 pater familias 10034 Porphyry, 296, 299-300 Patriarch, 184-5 Porta Capena, 84

INDEX NOMINUM ET RERUM 369 Poseidon, 172 Repentinus, Sex. Cornelius, 118, 123-4 potestas vitae necisque, 10034 replacement theology. See supersession. Potiphar, 10138 Reuben son of Jacob, 101 praefectus praetorio, 125 rhetors, 155–65 praefectus urbi, 123-4 robbery, 235 priests, 300 Roman Empire, 6, 132, 235-53 Egyptian, 10138, 259 provinces, 255 Jewish, XXIII, 16-19, 96-7, 102, Roman law See law: Roman 311-12, 315, 323, 327 Roman period, 6 Priscian, 156 Romans, 6, 100, 144 Procopius of Gaza, 155, 158-63 Rome, XXI, XXXIII, 4, 14, 21, 52, 56, prophets, 16-19, 40, 320 59-61, 65, 69, 70-71, 74, 78-79, proverbs, 5, 211–23 82, 84-90, 112, 114, 154, 213, 217, Ptolemaic era, 15019, 171-4, 269-72, 222-3, 231, 281, 293, 304-5, 309, 276-7 311-12, 314, 324-6, 329, 331, 334-6 Ptolemais Euergetis, 271, 27422, 27524, Rome (city), 41, 70, 71-8, 80, 83-4, 125, 278 194, 212, 298 Ptolemies, 6 Jews in, 69–86, 303 Ptolemy IV Philometor, 26440 rose, 58 Ptolemy VIII Euergetes II, 259 Rosenzweig, Franz, 30267 Puteoli, 126 Rostovtzeff, Michael I., 6, 285–305 Rostovtzeff, Sophie, 285–305 Qumran, 323 Rufus, Mettius, prefect, 256 Ruth, 26, 108 Ra’abad. See Avraham ben David of Posquières, Rabbi Saadya Gaon, Rabbi, 186 Rabbenu Tam. See Yaakov ben Meir, Sabbath, 78, 135, 199-200, 316 Rabbi Sabbatical year, 523 Rabbi. See Judah HaNasi, Rabbi Sadducees, 323 , 4, 30, 33, 3928, 52, 62-3, 93, 97, Salome, 313 99-100, 156, 181, 187, 19451, 197, Salome Komaïse, 15020 19866, 20377, 30055, 303, 319, 332100 , 163 Rabello, Alfredo Mordechai, XXIII Sanchuniathon, 299-300 radishes, 53, 56-7 Sanhedrin, 108, 184-5, 316, 319-20 Ramah. See Abulafia, Meir HaLevi, Sarah, 101-2 Rabbi Sardinia, 75 Ran. See Nissim Girondi, Rabbi Saul, son of Simeon, 101 ransom, 78 SC Orficianum, 109 . See Shmuel ben Meir, Rabbi SC Tertullianum, 10959 (Rabbi Shlomo Yitzchaki), 182- Schiller, A. Arthur, XXX 3, 19865, 20377 scholastikoi, 155–65 Rav, 56 Scholem, Gershom, 30267 Rava, 179–207 Scipio Aemilianus, 75 Rebecca, 255, 40, 56 Scipio Hispanus, Cn. Cornelius, 7643 Repentinus, P. Claudius Pallas Scythia, 7326, 7428 Honorat(us), 123 Scythopolis, 158

370 secularism, 314, 332 sponsalia, 9823 Seleucids, 719 Stada, 10136 Seleucus I, 230 Statius, 216-17 Semiticism, 297–303 Stephen, Church of St., Jerusalem, 117 senate, 83102 stipulatio, 174 senators, 82, 121, 123-4, 126, 326 Strabo, 3, 230 Seneca the Younger, 218 supersession, 31-2, 310-11, 317, 321 Sermon on the Mount, 174 Susa, 29013 Shalamzion daughter of Judah synagogues, 70, 92, 317, 319, 329 Khthousion, 15020, 194 Syria, 58, 7326, 7427, 77, 94, 131, 190 Shamai, 2913 Roman, 291 Shechem. See Sichem Syria Palaestina, 123-6, 128-9. See Shimon, son of Jacob, 101 also Israel: land, Judaea, Palestine Shimon son of Kosibah. See Bar- Kokhba Shimon bar Kappara, Rabbi, 95 Tacitus, 4, 11 Shimon ben Azzai, 95 Talmud Shmuel ben Ali, Rabbi, 181 Babylonian (Talmud Bavli), XV, Shmuel ben Meir, Rabbi 19865 XXX, 51-65, 174, 179–207, Shtarot. See documents: halachic 190, 195, 202, 204 Sicarii, 323, 330 Palestinian (Talmud Yerushalmi), Sichem, 101 XVIII, 58, 6248, 64, 98, 174, silphium, 60 18521, 18935 Silva, Cornelius Flavius, 325-6, 329 Tamar, daughter of David, 23, 26, 2913, silver, 228-9 10137 Simeon. See Shimon Tanḥum ben Ḥiyya of Kefar Akko, Similis, Sulpicius, prefect, 256 Rabbi, 110 sitologoi, 27318 Tanḥuma, Rabbi, 106 slavery, 236 Tarichaeae, 77 slaves, 94, 171, 211, 237, 239-40, 242, Tebtynis, 238-9, 24644, 248, 271-2, 246, 324, 329 27422-3 Jewish. See Jews: slaves Tekoa‘, 144, 146 living conditions, 7321, 7969 Temple, 33, 77, 106, 312, 316, 323 ransom, 72 Tertullian, 292 sale of, 71-2 Thebes (Egypt), 157 supply of, 7111 theocracy, 13 snake melon, 53-4 Theodosius II, 117, 128 Socrates, 3323 Theopompus, 225 Socrates scholasticus, 15610 Third Commandment, 173 Sohlberg, David, XXII thistles, 52, 59-60 Soknopaiou Nêsos, 271-2 Thucydides, 13, 18 Solomon, King, 57-8 Tiber, 69, 79, 84 Solon, 108-9 Tiberias, 5830, 6144, 110 sophists, 155–65 Tiberius, 51, 54-55, 57-8, 706 Sosius, C., 77 Tibet, 4 . See Iberia Tigranes, 7326, 7428 Spartans, XXIII Timagenes of Alexandria, 230

INDEX NOMINUM ET RERUM 371 Timarchus, 104 prisoners, 33, 70-9 Titus, 17, 75 Trojan, 300 Toledot Yeshu, 4, 91–114 watermelons, 53 Torah, XVII, XXII, XXIII, XXX, 5, wheat, 137, 144, 171, 217 15‑17, 23, 25, 31, 33, 36, 45-6, wills, 184, 195 49, 177, 195, 197, 199, 202, 304, freedom of disposition, 81, 260, 312‑13, 316, 327 262-4 Tosefta, 18934 wine, 218 trade. See also commerce women, 2912, 33, 35, 40, 42, 7428, 100, Essenes and, 323 102-5, 110, 1312, 150, 211, 271-2, foodstuffs, 60 274, 278, 28910, 328-9, 331 slaves, 71 wood, 228 travel, 5, 7321, 101, 220, 292 letters on, 132, 143 Trimalchio, 4 triumph, 71-5, 77, 79, 212 Ya’akov ben Natan’el, 94 Trogus, Pompeius, 5, 225–31 Yaakov ben Meir, Rabbi, 198, 200 Trojan War, 300 Yadin, Yigael, 322, 324 Turranius, C., prefect, 245 Yarmuk, 128 Tyrians, 300 Yehoshua ben Levi, Rabbi, 95 Tyro, 10242 Yehoshua ben Perahiah, 105 Yehudah Pardasi, 105 Ulpian, XXIX, 235 Yehudah, Rav, 56 Urdu, 3 Yemen, 132 utility, 24, 26-8, 35, 42 Yerushalmi. See Talmud: Palestinian Yeshu. See Jesus Varus, 77 Yohanan ben Zakkai, Rabban, 95 Verus, 126 Yohanan, husband of Mary, 91–114 Vespasian, 17, 325, 326 Yonah Girondi, Rabbenu, 1802 vexillationes, 12217, 124, 126 Yoseph. See Joseph, husband of Mary Vindolanda, 1324 Virgil, 220 Zacharias of Mytilene, 15610, 159 virtue, 24, 26-28, 285 Zacynthus, 77 Zanzibar, 220 Wadi Murabba‘at, 134–37, 191 Zealots, 323, 327, 329-330 Wadi Seiyâl, 140 Zenobius, 213, 215 war, 17, 71, 294 Zeus, 172, 298 Bar-Kokhba, 133-5, 147 Zeus Amon. See Ammon booty, 71, 7215, 75 zucchini, 52

372