Unified Rules of MMA 2017
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Mixed Martial Arts Authority of Maine)
99-650 COMBAT SPORTS AUTHORITY OF MAINE (formerly Mixed Martial Arts Authority of Maine) PART 1: MIXED MARTIAL ARTS Table of Contents Chapter 1: General Rules for Mixed Martial Arts Contests ................................................................. 1 Chapter 2: Technical Requirements for Mixed Martial Artist Contests ............................................... 4 Chapter 3: Judging/Refereeing Mixed Martial Arts Contests ............................................................ 10 Chapter 4: Rules Governing Judges for Mixed Martial Arts Contests ............................................... 21 Chapter 5: Rules Governing Referees of Mixed Martial Arts Contests ............................................. 23 Chapter 6: Rules Governing Promoters of Mixed Martial Arts Contests ........................................... 25 Chapter 7: Requirements for Mixed Martial Arts Competitors .......................................................... 33 Chapter 8: Rules Governing Managers, Trainers, Seconds, Cutpersons, Scorekeepers, and Cornerpersons for Mixed Martial Competitors ................................................................. 37 Chapter 9: Rules Governing Attending Physicians for Mixed Martial Arts Contests ........................ 41 Chapter 10: Requirements Governing Inspectors for Mixed Martial Arts Contests ............................ 44 Chapter 11: Rules Governing Timekeepers for Mixed Martial Arts Contests ..................................... 46 Chapter 12: Fees for Mixed Martial Arts Contests and Authorized -
U.S. House of Representatives Committee on Energy and Commerce
U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES COMMITTEE ON ENERGY AND COMMERCE December 8, 2016 TO: Members, Subcommittee on Commerce, Manufacturing, and Trade FROM: Committee Majority Staff RE: Hearing entitled “Mixed Martial Arts: Issues and Perspectives.” I. INTRODUCTION On December 8, 2016, at 10:00 a.m. in 2322 Rayburn House Office Building, the Subcommittee on Commerce, Manufacturing, and Trade will hold a hearing entitled “Mixed Martial Arts: Issues and Perspectives.” II. WITNESSES The Subcommittee will hear from the following witnesses: Randy Couture, President, Xtreme Couture; Lydia Robertson, Treasurer, Association of Boxing Commissions and Combative Sports; Jeff Novitzky, Vice President, Athlete Health and Performance, Ultimate Fighting Championship; and Dr. Ann McKee, Professor of Neurology & Pathology, Neuropathology Core, Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Boston University III. BACKGROUND A. Introduction Modern mixed martial arts (MMA) can be traced back to Greek fighting events known as pankration (meaning “all powers”), first introduced as part of the Olympic Games in the Seventh Century, B.C.1 However, pankration usually involved few rules, while modern MMA is generally governed by significant rules and regulations.2 As its name denotes, MMA owes its 1 JOSH GROSS, ALI VS.INOKI: THE FORGOTTEN FIGHT THAT INSPIRED MIXED MARTIAL ARTS AND LAUNCHED SPORTS ENTERTAINMENT 18-19 (2016). 2 Jad Semaan, Ancient Greek Pankration: The Origins of MMA, Part One, BLEACHERREPORT (Jun. 9, 2009), available at http://bleacherreport.com/articles/28473-ancient-greek-pankration-the-origins-of-mma-part-one. -
The Evolution from Martial Arts to Self Defence
The Evolution from Martial Arts to Self Defence There is no doubt that Jujitsu has changed along with human evolution. Currently, this art has shifted to more functional practices to suit present needs. With this change in Jujitsu practices, it has taken it away from being a martial art and transformed to a self-defence style, combat sport or combat art. The etymology of martial art is of importance in determining whether Jujitsu can still be classified as such. In this context, martial means ‘of war, warlike’ and art a ‘nonscientific branch of knowledge’. Taking this description into account, can it be stated still that Jujitsu is a warlike art? Jujitsu was originally a martial art from Japan created to defeat an opponent without using weapons or only a short weapon. Jujitsu was developed among the samurai of feudal Japan and also, limited to this upper class group. The Samurais knew that striking against an armored opponent was ineffective, hence they learned to neutralize the enemies by using forms of pins, joint locks, and throws. These techniques were developed based on the principle mentioned above that seeks to use the attacker's energy against them. There are many variations of the art, which leads to a diversity of approaches. Jujutsu schools (ryū) may utilize all forms of grappling techniques to some degree, for example, throwing, trapping, joint locks, holds, gouging, biting, disengagements, striking, and kicking. In addition to jujitsu, many schools teach the use of weapons. Then, to describe Jujitsu as a martial art would no longer be correct as it is no longer used to defeat opponents that wear armour or carry small weapons in battle fields. -
Health Benefits & Risks in the Young Judo Athlete
Health Benefits & Risks in the Young Judo Athlete USA Judo Sports Medicine Subcommittee Robert S. Nishime, M.D. The goal of USA Judo Sports Medicine is to promote and facilitate a healthy athletic lifestyle through safe judo participation. The health and safety of judo participants should always remain the number priority when advising or caring for our athletes. History and Philosophy Judo is one of the most participated sports worldwide, with practitioners spanning all age groups, gender lines, and ethnicities. Judo was originally derived from a truly “combat” oriented martial art known as jujitsu. Jujitsu was basically developed in medieval feudal Japan for battlefield ‘hand-to-hand/sword’ confrontations when a Samurai warrior lost his sword during combat. Therefore jujitsu became by necessity, a “dangerous” form of combat for survival and an adjunctive tool for victory during war. However, through the founder of judo, Professor Jigoro Kano, jujitsu made a profound transition from a dangerous, primarily combative art form. Professor Kano modified various styles of jujitsu into a “safe”, life enhancing martial art, which he called Judo or the “gentle way”, that is now an Olympic sport. He accomplished this in part by removing many of the striking, kicking, gouging, and joint locking techniques that were primarily intended to maim or injure an opponent. He retained and created techniques that could be practiced relatively safely and harmoniously between practitioners. He placed much emphasis on achieving “mutual benefit” when individuals train together. Professor Kano redirected the primary goals of training in his martial art from self-defense and survival to the development of mind, body, and character. -
Rules Shooto
Rules Shooto tournaments are held under a strict and comprehensive set of rules. Its objectives are to protect the athlete and to ensure dynamic and fair fights. A distinction is made between amateur (Class C), semi-pro (Class B) and professional (Class A) rules. Depending on the class, certain techniques are prohibited and the fight duration is adapted as well. The different classes in Shooto make it possible for athletes to improve in a controlled and safe environment. Weight classes Featherweight – 60kg Lightweight – 65kg Welterweight – 70kg Middleweight – 76kg Light-Heavyweight – 83kg Cruiserweight – 91kg Heavyweight – +91kg Rules – Brief Version — A pro fight consists of three 5-minute rounds with one-minute breaks in between. Amateurs fight two 3-minute rounds, semi-pros fight two 5-minute rounds. — A referee oversees the fight in the ring and controls adherence of the rules. — Three judges score the fight according to effective strikes, takedowns and aggressivity/activity whilst standing and dominant positions, submission attempts and defense whilst being on the floor. — A victory can be scored by judges decision, knock-out (KO), technical knock-out (TKO), by submission or by referee- or doctor-stoppage. — Fighters are divided by weight classes. — Before the fight, fighters have to attend a medical check and the doctor needs to approve the fight. — Protective equipment (gloves, cup, mouthguard) are mandatory. Amateurs (C-class) are allowed to fight with headgear and shinguards. — Illegal fouls are headbutts, elbow-strikes, biting, groin attacks of any kind, attacks on the back or the back of the head, attacks on small joints, attacks on the eyes or ears and further actions which oppose a fair fight. -
Journal of Combat Sports Medicine
Association of Ringside Physicians Journal of Combat Sports Medicine Volume 2, Issue 2 July 2020 Journal of Combat Sports Medicine | Editor-in-Chief, Editorial Board Nitin K. Sethi, MD, MBBS, FAAN, is a board certified neurologist with interests in Clinical Neurology, Epilepsy and Sleep Medicine. After completing his medical school from Maulana Azad Medical College (MAMC), University of Delhi, he did his residency in Internal Medicine (Diplomate of National Board, Internal Medicine) in India. He completed his neurology residency from Saint Vincent’s Medical Center, New York and fellowship in epilepsy and clinical neurophysiology from Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York. Dr. Sethi is a Diplomate of the American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology (ABPN), Diplomate of American Board of Clinical Neurophysiology (ABCN) with added competency in Central Clinical Neurophysiology, Epilepsy Monitor- ing and Intraoperative Monitoring, Diplomate of American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology (ABPN) with added competency in Epilepsy, Diplomate of American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology (ABPN) with added competency in Sleep Medicine and also a Diplomate American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM)/Association of Ringside Physicians (ARP) and a Certified Ringside Physician. He is a fellow of the American Academy of Neurology (FAAN) and serves on the Board of the Associa- tion of Ringside Physicians. He currently serves as Associate Professor of Neurology, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medical Center and Chief Medical Officer of the New York State Athletic Commission. | Journal of Combat Sports Medicine Editorial Staff Susan Rees, Senior Managing Editor Email: [email protected] Susan Rees, The Rees Group President and CEO, has over 30 years of association experience. -
John Jordan’ Ires GOP Faction
Why Pro Wrestling Has No Low, No Tax VOL. 7, NO. MV ‘ - SINGLE COPY 10 CENTS THURSDAY, DECEMBER 2, 1954 ---------------------------------------------------- :----- :---- :------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------ ------------------------ - ‘John Jordan’ ires GOP faction . ■ ■ . ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ • __ '________ _ SEEK 10% PAY HIKE V False Front Of Ez Benny Dawson Wins Case As Trial Pries Hawaii Pay for Teachers Crane Backfires Open Police Record of Officer Cabral There is nothing about the ut- er or not he had a record, and of On KGU Radioman terance of a common term, relat- what it consisted. Far Below that on W. Coast By STAFF WRITER ing to the droppings of chickens, Cabral’s Record Brought Out Attorney Bouslog, going down a Territorial teachers through —in shacks in many schools and Ezra Crane, editor of the Maui even to describe a police officer their H-awaii Education Assn, will in overcrowded classrooms—would News, has a reputation for being with such a term square in his list of offenses, got admissions out seek a 10 per cent increase in normally require salary adjust a hard puncher (usually for the face, that constitutes "conduct of Cabral that he had been con basic salary from the 1955 legis ments to compensate for poor Big Five), but there are times, tending to provoke a breach of victed, or pled guilty to four counts lature. This is considered a mod- facilities and inconveniences, ac apparently, when he prefers to the peace.” at various times, the list includ estSequest by those familiar with cording to the above sources. punch from behind a false front. That was the finding of Magis- ing affray, drunkenness and dis th^pmeierpaid profession. -
CSAC Laws and Regulations Manual
September 2018 LAWS & REGULATIONS Guidelines and Policies for officials ///// TABLE OF CONTENTS Business and Professions code Contents CSRC WWW.DCA.CA.GOV/CSAC Business and Professions Code .......................... 1 § 18642.5. Necessity to Demonstrate Ability to Perform Prior to Licensure. SECTION 18600–18618 ....................................... 1 § 18645. Advisory Committee on Medical and Safety Standards-Members - Meetings–Term. § 18600. Boxing Act. § 18646. Amateur Boxing, Wrestling and Full Contact § 18601. Legislative Authority. Martial Arts Contests. § 18602. Membership on State Athletic Commission. § 18648. Standards for Licensure. § 18604. Authority to Remove Members. § 18653. License Required by Professional Boxers’ § 18605. Quorum–Majority Vote. Training Gymnasiums–Application and Fee. § 18606. Election of Chairperson. § 18654. Necessity to Report an Injury or Knockout of § 18607. Expenses Professional Boxer. § 18608. Designation as a Board. § 18655. No Chapter Applicability to Contests Under Federal Government Control. § 18610. Seal. § 18656. Inapplicability to Contests by or for Schools, § 18611. Adoption of Rules and Regulations. Colleges, Universities. § 18613. Executive Offcer. SECTION 18660–18679 ..................................... 6 § 18615. Inspectors’ Clinic and Training. § 18660. Contents of License Application–Fee. § 18618. Report on Promoter Assessments. § 18661. Review and Investigations of Application and SECTION 18620–18631 ...................................... 3 Appeal From Denial. § 18620. Terms Defned. -
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE July 4, 2020 [email protected] PANCRASE 316, July 24, 2020 – Studio Coast, Tokyo Bout Hype A
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE July 4, 2020 PANCRASE 316, July 24, 2020 – Studio Coast, Tokyo Bout Hype After a five-month hiatus, the legendary promotion Pancrase sets off the summer fireworks with a stellar mixed martial card. Studio Coast plays host to 8 main card bouts, 3 preliminary match ups, and 12 bouts in the continuation of the 2020 Neo Blood Tournament heats on July 24th in the first event since February. Reigning Featherweight King of Pancrase Champion, Isao Kobayashi headlines the main event in a non-title bout against Akira Okada who drops down from Featherweight to meet him. The Never Quit gym ace and Bellator veteran, Kobayashi is a former Pancrase Lightweight Champion. The ripped and powerful Okada has a tough welcome to the Featherweight division, but possesses notoriously frightening physical power. “Isao” the reigning Featherweight King of Pancrase Champion, has been unstoppable in nearly three years. He claimed the interim title by way of disqualification due to a grounded knee at Pancrase 295, and following orbital surgery and recovery, he went on to capture the undisputed King of Pancrase belt from Nazareno Malagarie at Pancrase 305 in May 2019. Known to fans simply as “Akira”, he is widely feared as one of the hardest hitting Pancrase Lightweights, and steps away from his 5th ranked spot in the bracket to face Kobayashi. The 33-year-old has faced some of the best from around the world, and will thrive under the pressure of this bout. A change in weight class could be the test he needs right now. The co-main event sees Emiko Raika collide with Takayo Hashi in what promises to be a test of skills and experience, mixed with sheer will-to-win guts and determination. -
2016 /2017 NFHS Wrestling Rules
2016 /2017 NFHS wrestling Rules The OHSAA and the OWOA wish to thank the National Federation of State High School Associations for the permission to use the photographs to illustrate and better visually explain situations shown in the back of the 2016/17 rule book. © Copyright 2016 by OHSAA and OWOA Falls And Nearfalls—Inbounds—Starting Positions— Technical Violations—Illegal Holds—Potentially Dangerous (5-11-2) A fall or nearfall is scored when (5-11-2) A near fall may be scored when the any part of both scapula are inbounds and the defensive wrestler is held in a high bridge shoulders are over or outside the boundary or on both elbows. line. Hand over nose and mouth that restricts breathing (5-11-2) A near fall may be scored when the (5-14-2) When the defensive wrestler in a wrestler is held in a high bridge or on both pinning situation, illegally puts pressure over elbows the opponents’s mouth, nose, or neck, it shall be penalized. Hand over nose and mouth Out-of-bounds that restricts Inbounds breathing Out-of-bounds Out-of-bounds Inbounds (5-15-1) Contestants are considered to be (5-14-2) Any hold/maneuver over the inbounds if the supporting points of either opponent’s mouth, nose throat or neck which wrestler are inside or on but not beyond the restricts breathing or circulation is illegal boundary 2 Starting Position Legal Neutral Starting Position (5-19-4) Both wrestlers must have one foot on the Legal green or red area of the starting lines and the other foot on line extended, or behind the foot on the line. -
The Effectiveness of Kickboxing Techniques and Its Relation to Fights Won by Knockout
ORIGINAL ARTICLE The effectiveness of kickboxing techniques and its relation to fights won by knockout Authors’ Contribution: Tadeusz Ambroży1ABCD, Łukasz Rydzik1ABCD, Andrzej Kędra1BCD, A Study Design 1BD 2DE 2DE 2BCD B Data Collection Dorota Ambroży , Marta Niewczas , Ewa Sobiło , Wojciech Czarny C Statistical Analysis D Manuscript Preparation 1 Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Institute of Sport, University of Physical Education in Krakow, Krakow, Poland E Funds Collection 2 College of Medical Sciences, Institute of Physical Culture Studies, University of Rzeszow, Rzeszow, Poland Received: 29 December 2019; Accepted: 21 January 2020; Published online: 17 February 2020 AoBID: 13154 Abstract Background and Study Aim: Ratio of fights won is important to kickboxers on professional and amateur levels. Knockout is the most eco- nomical way of winning the fight. The objective of the paper is the effectiveness of kickboxing techniques and their impact on winning the fight by knockout. Material and Methods: There were 156 participants in the study (61 amateurs and 95 professionals). Their total number of fights won by knockout was 188 and the amateur competitions they participated in complied with the K-1 ruleset. Fighters were 19 to 32 years old and their training experience was on the average 7.36 yrs. ±3.24 yrs. The shortest training lasted 3 yrs. and the longest one 18 yrs. The study was conducted using the analysis of vid- eos of professional fights as well as diagnostic survey conducted in a group of amateur fighters. The survey in- cluded questions about training experience and techniques used in a fight won by knockout. -
CHAPTER 165-X-8 Professional Bare
165-X-8-.01. Definitions., AL ADC 165-X-8-.01 Alabama Administrative Code Alabama Athletic Commission Chapter 165-X-8. Professional Bare-Knuckle Boxing Ala. Admin. Code r. 165-X-8-.01 165-X-8-.01. Definitions. Currentness (1) “Applicant” means any persons, corporations, organizations or associations required to be licensed before promoting, holding, organizing, participating in, or competing in a professional boxing match, contest, or exhibition. (2) “Body jewelry” means any tangible object affixed to, through, or around any portion of the contestant's body. (3) “Official” unless otherwise indicated is an exclusive term collectively meaning “judge,” “referee,” “timekeeper,” and “inspectors” (4) “Sanctioning Organization” means a national or international organization generally recognized in the bare-knuckle boxing community and which: ranks bare-knuckle boxers within each weight class; sanctions and approves championship matches in those weight classes; and awards championship status and championship prizes (belts, rings, plaques, etc.) to the winner of those matches. (5) “Special Event” means a bare-knuckle boxing card or bare-knuckle boxing show, which has among its contests a championship match, a pay-per-view or subscription television match, a national televised match, or any other match of significance to boxing in this state as designated by the commission. (6) “The Commission” is reference for the Alabama Athletic Commission. Authors: Dr. John Marshall, Joel R. Blankenship, Larry Bright, Stan Frierson, Shane Sears Credits Statutory Authority: Code of Ala. 1975, § 41-9-1024. History: New Rule: Filed July 16, 2010; effective August 20, 2010. Repealed: Filed December 27, 2013; effective January 31, 2014. New Rule: Published February 28, 2020; effective April 13, 2020.