Collaboration@Rural

R EPORT ON EXISTING AND LACKING INFRASTRUCTURE

S ORIA R URAL L IVING L A B

Document identifier: [email protected]

Date: 27/02/2007

Work package: 3.2

Partners: TRAGSA, ADEMA

WP Lead Partner: HSE

Document status Approved

Abstract : Description of the existing and needed infrastructures for the deployment of the proposed applications in Rural Living Lab

Date: 27/02/2007 Report on existing and lacking infrastructures. Soria rural living lab Project: Collaboration@Rural Doc. Identifier: [email protected]

Project information

Project acronym: C@R

Project full title: Collaboration@Rural

Proposal/Contract no.: IST-2006-034921

Project Officer: Olavi Luotonen European Commission DG Information Society and Media Project Officer Address: DG INFSO/F4 J-54 2/48 1049 BRUSSELS Phone: +(32) 2 2954132

Fax: +(32) 2 2969102

E-mail: [email protected]

Project Manager: Mariano Navarro de la Cruz

Address: C/ Julian Camarillo, 6b, 28037, Madrid,

Phone: + 34 91 322 65 21

Fax: + 34 91 322 60 05

E-mail: [email protected]

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CONTENT 1. INTRODUCTION...... 4 1.1. PURPOSE OF THE DOCUMENT ...... 4 1.2. BACKGROUND TO THE DOCUMENT ...... 4 2. GEOGRAPHIC FOCUS...... 5

3. LACKING INFRASTRUCTURES AND SERVICES...... 7

4. EXISTING INFRASTRUCTURES AND SERVICES ...... 8 4.1. INTRODUCTION ...... 8 4.2. ALMAZÁN ...... 12 4.3. ...... 13 4.4. ...... 14 4.5. BERLANGA DEL DUERO ...... 15 4.6. ...... 16 4.7. ...... 17 4.8. MATAMALA DE ALMAZÁN ...... 18 4.9. ...... 19 4.10. ...... 20 4.11. ...... 21 4.12. ...... 22 4.13. ...... 23

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1. INTRODUCTION

1.1. PURPOSE OF THE DOCUMENT The purpose of this document is to describe the existing and lacking infrastructure with respect to the planned RLL in Soria.

1.2. BACKGROUND TO THE DOCUMENT This document gathers the information related to the infrastructure available in those working areas inside the scope of Soria living lab. The intention is to analysis the needed infrastructure for the objectives and development of the services described in the requirements document for Soria living lab and put them in contrast with the existing infrastructure at the moment. After this exercise it will be necessary to evaluate the differences and decide whether the services and requirements could be developed, or if they need to be adapted, modified or even omitted or rejected or what is the way to get the needed and non-existing infrastructure available. Depending on the results of this analysis, a review over the initial requirements must be done, and the needed tasks for the selected non-existing infrastructure deployment must be planned. The study is centre on those infrastructures that could clearly affect directly or indirectly to the development of the mentioned services, so not all the available infrastructures are included in this document.

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2. GEOGRAPHIC FOCUS

Soria Living Lab is centre in the working areas mentioned in the requirements document for Soria living lab. Those are: • Almazán. • Bayubas de Abajo • Bayubas de Arriba • . • Cubo de la Solana • Fuentepinilla • Matamala de Almazán • Quintana Redonda • Tajueco • Tardelcuende • Valderrodilla • Viana del Duero

These are twelve of the forty eight towns in Almazán region. In the next figure Soria province is represented with the Almazán region delimited and the location of these twelve towns.

Figure 1 Regions in Soria involved in C@R

IST-2006-034921 PUBLIC 5 / 23 Date: 27/02/2007 Report on existing and lacking infrastructures. Soria rural living lab Project: Collaboration@Rural Doc. Identifier: [email protected] Some of the images included in this document include the complete Almazán region but it is important to stress that although it is probably that in the future all the towns in Almazán region will be included in this living lab, for the time being only the twelve towns mentioned were considered. Nowadays, there are many small localities in Spain which are not provided with enough infrastructures to allow the growth of these areas. These towns are in a clear disadvantage with regard to others urban centres which enjoy of all kind of services provides by the current technological advance. The inhabitants in these small localities feel, somehow, disconnected and isolated from the rest of society. The main national providers don’t find an economic profit bigger enough to consider worthwhile the deployment of infrastructures in these areas. Consequently, in some localities it is difficult not only to get an internet connection (bad connections) but even to get a telephone connection. This living lab was located in the mentioned localities in Soria as an illustration of the towns described on the previous paragraphs. Soria province is located geographical in middle-north of Spain. This area has a really hard orography, with a very mountainous environment which forces population to live in limited areas and small towns. This orography complicates communication infrastructures at all: transportation (roads, railways, etc.) and telecommunication infrastructures (phone, internet, etc.). At present, there are no even infrastructures enough, from the technological points of view that allow the inhabitants in these areas to fully participate in the knowledge-base society. And even in the cases where they are provided with basic telecommunication services, the winter sometimes is so hard that the infrastructures are affected and it lets this population completely isolated. All those inconvenient mean an added risk to the new enterprising when considering the location of their businesses.

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3. LACKING INFRASTRUCTURES AND SERVICES

Taking into account the potential application and services to be developed and implemented in Soria Rural Living Lab described in the requirements document, see Requirements for application and platform development. Soria RLL document for more details, it is possible to identify most of the basic infrastructures and services that will be necessaries. This section is intended to document those lacking infrastructures and services classifying them regarding the potential sector that will require it, those are the systems involved in tourist sector, or in e-learning activities or in the promotion of the mycological resources. Of course there are several physical resources and services that will be not only necessary but essential and besides that are common resources for all the systems. For instance, it would be desirable the deployment of the minimum needed infrastructures to offer internet connection to the population in this municipalities. Within this project, any hardware deployment was considered so the owners of the future systems or the users or perhaps groups in community should thought about the possibilities to get the needed PCs that will be used as servers or clients or to run the collaborative platform.

For the system proposed in tourist sector In this case it would be desirable that client devices have enough graphical capabilities to manage the GIS information proportionate by the system. When users access to this information, through their mobile devices, location services will be available only if users’ devices have integrated GPS services (on the same hardware or through wired or wireless connection). Auto-guides devices are commonly use in tourist sectors and some times those devices can be rented, so to facility and promote the use of the system proposed, the option of renting mobile devices with graphic capabilities and GPS devices must be considered.

For the e-learning activities It is important to stress that in many cases the only available places to access to the internet in this kind of tows are the called tele-centres. So till the moment that these services will be accessible in an easy way for any citizen, the public places available (in tele-centres, public libraries, schools and others) must be considered. To facilitate e-learning activities, besides the needed PCs used by the users, the availability of web- cameras can offer to these pupils new views about the possibilities of technology and communication.

For the promotion of mycological resources. In this sector, besides telecommunication services and the needed PCs, it is important to consider the physical infrastructure needed. That means several buildings must be dedicated to the mycological system to work as central auction and supporting auction. Other buildings must be dedicated to work as classification and collection places. One basic activity in any of these building is the collection and classification activity and for that all buildings must be prepared to keep this product in good conditions, that is cold-store chambers, preformatted bags, pallets, trays, etc. They must have the needed equipment to identify the product (printers and label) and scales to weigh the goods. In the buildings different from the central auction, where a photo with a description of the product must be sent to the central auction, photographic cameras are needed. In the central auction the users must be provided with remote-controls to perform the bids. And for shown the information about the good to be auctioned, appropriated panels must be provided.

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4. EXISTING INFRASTRUCTURES AND SERVICES

4.1. INTRODUCTION

Infrastructures are an important base for the development in any zone. In this area, Almazán Functional Area, and in the mentioned communities, communications and transport are defined by their outlying location in the geographical field of Castilla y León, quite away from the main road network and from the most important urban centres of Castilla y León. Before analyze in depth each one of the municipalities included in this Living Lab, there are some important factors that have influenced in de infrastructures development in this area and it is needed to take them into account. One is the difficulty of the deployment of any infrastructure (communication, transport, energy, and so on) that includes all the tows, because of the small size of many of them and their scattered. The other one, very related with the previous, is the great extension to cover that makes them hard to maintain. As a summary, it is possible to describe the general situation applicable to practically all the towns included here listing the most important points both weaknesses and strengths.

About Infrastructures • Weaknesses: o Bad communications among the towns with short accessibility areas which cause disarrange of some territories. o Poor quality of the existing communications ways, some times obsoletes, without asphalt and narrows. o Deficient equipments that hinder to carry out certain activities even talking about new towns. o Close of some train railways. o Short water supply in some areas. o Weaknesses in the electric network. o Deficient tele-communications. Some areas even without telephone. And when mobile services available the quality of these services is not very good because of the poor coverage. The orography some times is an added problem for that. o Short internal transport. o Big environmental impact when planning new infrastructures. o All these deficiencies limit the settlement of a new and permanent population.

• Strengths: o Communications with Soria from the closets towns are good. o The orography, in general, is quite flat which favour the construction of new infrastructures. o Lately some improves in tele-communications have been made. That is not enough but this project could promote more improves in that sense.

IST-2006-034921 PUBLIC 8 / 23 Date: 27/02/2007 Report on existing and lacking infrastructures. Soria rural living lab Project: Collaboration@Rural Doc. Identifier: [email protected] About services • Weaknesses: o Short urban equipment and services that hardly cover the basic needs of the population o Complex management due to the existence of commonwealths to provide some urban services produced by only one municipality. o Short offer of tourist equipment. o Short social, sanitary and cultural services. And short specialization in the offer. o Lost of professionals that search their future in other cities bigger and plenty of services.

• Strengths: o Services and equipment concentration in medium size municipalities. o Potential facilities to improve the existing infrastructures and services. o Good experience in inter-municipal collaboration and commonwealth’s collaboration to render common services.

Although it is commented the shortcoming of tele-communication infrastructures, at least the selected municipalities has a tele-centre. These are public places with free internet access to entire population. A basic tele-centre has: • a satellite dish, to provide internet connections • diverse communications material (some times WiFi) • at least two PCs (usually near 8-10 PCs). • one printer • one scanner • one web camera (usually one per PC).

The following figure shows the main infrastructures in this area, and next it is included a short analyze of each of the towns included in this Living Lab. For each of the municipalities mentioned it was considered important, based on the information regarded in requirements document, to include the information related to: • Its importance about mycological products. • Its importance about tourism: documenting their interesting points both natural and historical. • Its infrastructures about communications both technological and transport infrastructures.

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Figure 2 Main infrastructures in the involved area

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Phone Access Internet access Internet access only Others communications at home at telecentre WIFI - WIMAX Almazán Good land line Yes No No Mobile phone available but only with some providers Bayubas de Abajo Land line and mobile phone available but not good No Yes but not good No communications. communication Bayubas de Arriba Bad land line available. No No No Not mobile phone available. Berlanga de Duero Good land line Yes No No Mobile phone available but only with some providers Cubo de la Solana Pretty land line available No Yes No Deficient mobile phone availability Fuentepinilla Pretty land line available No Yes but not good No Deficient mobile phone availability communication Matamala de Almazán Good land line Yes No No Mobile phone available but only with some providers Quintana Redonda Good land line Yes Yes but not good No Mobile phone available but only with some providers communication Tajueco Pretty land line available No Yes No Deficient mobile phone availability Tardelcuende Good land line Yes No No Mobile phone available but only with some providers Valderrodilla Good land line available No Yes but not good No Pretty mobile phone availability with some providers communication Viana de Duero Good land line It is available but Yes No Good mobile phone no one have it Figure 3 Main tele-communication infrastructures in the involved area

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4.2. ALMAZÁN

Area: 165.90 km 2 Population: 5.727 inhabitants

Almazán is the central municipality over which all the development is run. It has better communications with the rest of municipalities in Almazán Functional Area, and the best equipments. It is the only municipality with Hospital and the one with larger population.

Figure 4 Almazán

Services centre in a local level; it has several sanitary, sports, educational and cultural equipments. It has all the basic urban services needed to supply its population and even the population of the closer dependents villages. Moreover, it has a great varied and valuable cultural heritage that together with the fact that this area is lying crosswise by Duero River make the municipality an important tourist point. This municipality has a fortify precinct from s. XI which still preserve three entrances. Inside it conserve remains from what was the fortress. Rich and varied monumental heritage with six churches, one of them, S. Miguel Church from s. XII, was declared Common Interest Cultural Heritage (from now on CICH). Almazán has others CICH as its convent or the Hurtado-Mendoza palace, an important civil building very odd because of its location.

IST-2006-034921 PUBLIC 12 / 23 Date: 27/02/2007 Report on existing and lacking infrastructures. Soria rural living lab Project: Collaboration@Rural Doc. Identifier: [email protected] 4.3. BAYUBAS DE ABAJO

Area: 44.10 km 2 Population: 255 inhabitants

It is a municipality closer to Berlanga de Duero with a good communication with Almazán nucleus. As Almazán, it is lying crosswise by Duero River, fact that strengthens the area as a tourist interesting zone. It includes nucleus completely uninhabited and in general it lacks from equipments. It has sanitary, sports and educational equipments. As tourist and cultural important points it is important to mention the Asunción Church and the Tower of the Taina of the Hoz, declared as CICH.

Figure 5 Bayubas de Abajo

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4.4. BAYUBAS DE ARRIBA

Area: 20.60 km 2 Population: 67 inhabitants

This area stresses by its gastronomy. But in general it has bad communications, and lack of services and infrastructures. It has no neither services nor equipments that meet the potential tourism. It is a municipality technologically backward. It only has sanitary equipments.

Figure 6 Bayubas de Arriba

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4.5. BERLANGA DEL DUERO

Area: 20.60 km 2 Population: 67 inhabitants

Municipality with good communications, overalls with Almazán and Burgo de Osma, with a large mycological and forestry importance, which that makes it favourable for a tourist development. It has also, many historical buildings with a great cultural importance and for that it was declared “Historical Group” since 1981; a Main Square, several convents, Sta. Mary Church, Lordly House, the remains of a castle and the remains of a Roman Way. Even having a complete service centre with sanitary, sports, educational and cultural equipments, its infrastructures are not good enough to improve its development. As many of the areas in Soria, it suffers from demographic desertion which causes the ruins of smaller nucleus.

Figure 7 Berlanga de Duero

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4.6. CUBO DE LA SOLANA

Area: 133 km 2 Population: 231 inhabitants

It has a varied economy based on agriculture. It is an important mycological area too. It is important to stress the great varied tourism that this municipality offers; rural and ecological tourism, small and big game, fishery, routes following the river, natural activities. It has a privileged location between Soria and Almazán It most significant lacks are the depopulation and the lack of infrastructures to support the tourism. It only has sanitary equipment. The main elements of its urban structure are S. Martin de Tous Church in the central square, close to the Conde Gomera Palace, the remains of the Tower of Cubo, declared as CICH.

Figure 8 Cubo de la Solana

IST-2006-034921 PUBLIC 16 / 23 Date: 27/02/2007 Report on existing and lacking infrastructures. Soria rural living lab Project: Collaboration@Rural Doc. Identifier: [email protected] 4.7. FUENTEPINILLA

Area: 52.20 km 2 Population: 138 inhabitants

With a good location, near Soria and Berlanga Del Duero, it is rich in mycological products Among its cultural heritage it has the S. Juan Bautista Church, the Condes de Aguilar Palace and a medieval bridge over Fuentepinilla River. On the other side, it has only sanitary equipment with a really old population.

Figure 9 Fuentepinilla

IST-2006-034921 PUBLIC 17 / 23 Date: 27/02/2007 Report on existing and lacking infrastructures. Soria rural living lab Project: Collaboration@Rural Doc. Identifier: [email protected] 4.8. MATAMALA DE ALMAZÁN

Area: 63 km 2 Population: 372 inhabitants

Its proximity to Almazán make this municipality as one of the best equipped compared with the others mentioned here. It is an area that stands out because of its important natural spaces, stressing the banks of Duero River. With a tourist sector good developed that offers courses and guided tours, and with a mycological importance to be exploited. It has sanitary, educational and cultural equipment. It most important problem is the depopulation. As important points to see it has the Inmaculada Church, and near the town it is possible to visit the old resin factory and centenary sequoias.

Figure 10 Matamala de Almazán

IST-2006-034921 PUBLIC 18 / 23 Date: 27/02/2007 Report on existing and lacking infrastructures. Soria rural living lab Project: Collaboration@Rural Doc. Identifier: [email protected] 4.9. QUINTANA REDONDA

Area: 183.90 km 2 Population: 562 inhabitants

It is an area with a big natural importance with prepared places. Although it has important equipment, sanitary, sports, educational and cultural, they are working on their improvement, especially in education. It has a big mycological importance with a large varied of species, and its tourist sector is growing. As important cultural buildings it has several churches, stressing Sts Gervasio and Protasio Church and Ntra. Sra. De la Asunción Church. Another odd building is the González de Gregorio Palace.

Figure 11 Quintana Redonda

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4.10. TAJUECO

Area: 18.18 km 2 Population: 105 inhabitants

This is a municipality with a large handmade tradition. It is the main potter nucleus of Soria and it is known in all over Spain because of its pottery of glass, and for that it is an attractive tourist zone. Others attractive tourists in the zone are the proximity of Duero River and the richness of mycological products. They offer guide routes to learn about this product and to enjoy the landscape. The few existing infrastructures are in really bad conditions and need important repairs. It only has sanitary equipment. The principal elements of its urban structure are S. Pedro Church in a central square and several odd elements as an Arab furnace and a small hermitage.

Figure 12 Tajueco

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4.11. TARDELCUENDE

Area: 63.90 km 2 Population: 580 inhabitants

The industry in Tardelcuende is a big sector in this municipality. It has a good location between Soria and Almazán, and it is good communicate (Soria-Torralba-Madrid train line has a stop in this town). Its equipment in sanitary, educational and sports areas are pretty good. This is a rich natural area with a large variety of mycological products and routes. Besides that, in that area several archaeological remains from Roman age have been found. This together with the Inmaculada Church and the town hall are the main tourist points in this zone.

Figure 13 Tardelcuende

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4.12. VALDERRODILLA

Area: 32.20 km 2 Population: 101 inhabitants

It is located among several of the most tourists routes in the zone; Almanzor, Royal Cattle Track, Popular Architecture and mycological ways. It has also natural places very visited and some interesting building as S. Pedro Church and several hermitages and chapels The infrastructures are very deficient in this area and it only has sanitary equipment.

Figure 14 Valderrodilla

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4.13. VIANA DE DUERO

Area: 56.20 km 2 Population: 73 inhabitants

It’s about a municipality principally agricultural between Duero Bank and some of its tributaries. This town is included in Romanic, Duero and Royal Cattle Track routes. As tourists attractive it has two Romanesque Churches, S. Bartolomé and S. Pedro and the Tower in Monux that was declared CICH. But it has nor equipment neither infrastructures enough to offer minimum services. It has only sanitary equipment.

Figure 15 Viana del Duero

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