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Chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) from Submarine Banks Off Izu Islands and Bōsō Peninsula, Japan

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Chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) from Submarine Banks Off Izu Islands and Bōsō Peninsula, Japan 国立科博専報，（47）： 65–81，2011年4月15日 Mem. Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci., Tokyo, (47): 65–81, April 15, 2011 Chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) from Submarine Banks off Izu Islands and Bōsō Peninsula, Japan Hiroshi Saito Department of Zoology, National Museum of Nature and Science, 3–23–1 Hyakunin-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169–0073 Japan E-mail: [email protected] Abstract. Chitons collected from submarine banks off the northern Izu Islands and Bōsō Pen- insula by various cruises from 1970 to 2003 were examined taxonomically. In total, 14 species belonging to 13 genera in 8 families were recognized, including one new Leptochiton species which is described as L. bergenhayni n. sp. herein, and one undetermined species of the genus Tegulaplax. Of the 14 species, additional descriptions and/or illustrations of taxonomically im- portant morphology are given for two less known species, Leptochiton aequispinus (Bergenhayn, 1933) and Connexochiton kaasi (Saito, 1997). The latter species, C. kaasi is the first record from outside the type locality. Except for one species, Ischnochiton albinus Thiele, 1911, which is also distributed in the Tropical West Pacific, 12 species were regarded to be endemic in the sub- littoral zone of warm water areas around the Japanese Islands and/or the East China Sea, while one species, Tegulaplax sp. has an indeterminate distribution. Key words: chiton, Japan, submarine bank, new species, fauna. (1984; 1985; 1995) reported the deep-sea chitons Introduction collected by the R/V Sōyō Maru during 1957– The Izu Islands extend southward from the 1982 and recorded seven species from the bank mouth of Sagami Bay off the Pacific coast of cen- area. Among the seven species reported by Wu tral Honshū Island, as a part of the Izu-Bonin- and Okutani, two species were also recorded by Mariana island arc. There are several small sub- Bergenhayn (1933). The present author recorded marine banks around the islands, the tops of three species from the bank area (Saito, 2000), all which are usually almost flat and lie 80–200 m of which are recorded by the previous authors. In deep, and which are isolated from the series of is- total, nine chiton species are known from this lands by depressions deeper than 200 m (Okutani, area to date. 1972). The rich molluscan fauna of these banks The National Museum of Nature and Science, and its peculiarity has been studied by several re- Tokyo (formerly National Science Museum) con- searchers (e.g. Niino, 1955; Horikoshi, 1957; ducted a research project, “Study on environmen- Okutani, 1963; 1972). However the chiton fauna tal changes in Sagami Sea and adjacent coastal of this area is not yet well known. Bergenhayn area with time serial comparison of fauna and flo- (1933) reported 27 species (including two subspe- ra” for six years from 2000 to 2006, which was cies) of chitons collected by the Swedish “Dr Six- succeeded by another project “Studies on the ori- ten Bock Expedition” in 1914–1916 from the in- gin of biodiversity in the Sagami Sea, Fossa tertidal zone to a depth of 600 m in Sagami Bay Magna element and the Izu-Ogasawara (Bonin) area and the Ogasawara (Bonin) Islands area, and arc” for four years from 2007–2010. Undertaken four species among them are collected from as part of these projects, the author examined chi- Okinose Bank (= Okinoyama Bank) off the tip of tons collected from three submarine banks around Bōsō Peninsula, which is included in the present the northern Izu Islands, namely Ōmurodashi survey area. Subsequently, Wu and Okutani Bank, Takase Bank and Hyōtanse Bank, as well 66 Hiroshi Saito as Okinoyama Bank located in the Sagami Sea Fig. 1 and Table 1, respectively. area for comparison. This paper reports the results The method of examination, including SEM of the taxonomic study of chitons collected from preparation and observation follows Saito (1997). these submarine banks. All specimens are deposited in the molluscan col- lection of the Department of Zoology, National Museum of Nature and Science, Tokyo. Materials and Methods The systematic arrangement used in this paper In total, 202 specimens in 102 lots were exam- follows Sirenko (2006). ined, which were collected by the following ships: R/V Sōyō Maru of the Tokai Regional List of species Fisheries Research Laboratory (currently National Research Institute of Fisheries Science, Fisheries Class Polyplacophora Research Agency), R/V Tansei Maru of the Uni- Order Lepidopleurida Thiele, 1909 versity of Tokyo (currently belonging to Japan Suborder Lepidopleurina Thiele, 1909 Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technolo- Family Leptochitonidae Dall, 1889 gy), and T/S Shinyo Maru of Tokyo University of Genus Leptochiton Gray, 1847 Fisheries (currently Tokyo University of Marine Leptochiton aeqiuspinus (Bergenhayn, 1933) Science and Technology). The sampling area and [Japanese name: Toge-samehada-hizaragai] (Figs. the position of the sampling sites are shown in Fig. 1. Sampling area. Chitons from Submarine Banks off Bōsō Peninsula and Izu Islands 67 Table 1. List of sampling stations. Position in Position out Station Date Locality Depth (m) Latitude Longitude Latitude Longitude KT-87-19 OM-2 10 Dec. 1987 OM 34°29.8′N 139°29.3′E 34°30.1′N 139°29.4′E 92–95 KT-87-19 OK-1 10 Dec. 1987 OK 34°57.9′N 139°35.6′E 34°58.1′N 139°35.6′E 86–88 KT-95-17 OM-2 13 Dec. 1995 OM ― ― ― ― 119–121 KT-97-7 OY-1 04 June 1997 OK ― ― ― ― 104 KT-97-7 OY-2 04 June 1997 OK ― ― ― ― 344–358 SO71-D63 04 Aug. 1971 OM 34°32.9′N 139°26.9′E ― ― 85 SO71-D64 04 Aug. 1971 OM 34°33.5′N 139°26.8′E ― ― 90–95 SO71-D66 20 Nov. 1971 OM ― ― ― ― 112 SO72-D4(17) 26 June 1972 OM 34°28.1′N 139°27.5′E ― ― 145 SO72-D5(17) 26 June 1972 OM 34°28.4′N 139°24.3′E ― ― 184 SO72-D6(17) 26 June 1972 OM 34°30.9′N 139°24.2′E ― ― 123 SO89-4 14 July 1989 OM 34°34.9′N 139°28.7′E ― ― 90 SY89-1 10 Sep. 1989 OM 34°32.45′N 139°27.27′E ― ― 90 SY89-7 10 Sep. 1989 OM 34°28.50′N 139°28.40′E ― ― 117 SY89-8 10 Sep. 1989 OM 34°28.06′N 139°25.98′E ― ― 117 SY89-9 11 Sep. 1989 T 34°28.64′N 139°12.26′E ― ― 105 SY89-10 11 Sep. 1989 T 34°26.78′N 139°11.27′E ― ― 99 SY89-11 11 Sep. 1989 T 34°26.21′N 139°09.75′E ― ― 112 SY89-12 11 Sep. 1989 H 34°22.35′N 139°05.26′E ― ― 109 SY89-13 11 Sep. 1989 H 34°21.20′N 139°03.71′E ― ― 128 SY89-14 11 Sep. 1989 H 34°19.74′N 139°02.02′E ― ― 129 SY90-3 10 Sep. 1990 T 34°28.32′N 139°11.98′E ― ― 167 SY90-5 10 Sep. 1990 T 34°27.61′N 139°12.70′E ― ― 135 SY90-6 10 Sep. 1990 T 34°26.65′N 139°12.49′E ― ― 143 SY90-7 10 Sep. 1990 T 34°27.97′N 139°10.81′E ― ― 191 SY90-9 10 Sep. 1990 T 34°26.62′N 139°09.11′E ― ― 166 SY90-10 10 Sep. 1990 T 34°26.69′N 139°11.02′E ― ― 71 SY90-12 10 Sep. 1990 T 34°25.72′N 139°09.66′E ― ― 223 SY91-1 17 Oct. 1991 OM 34°31.66′N 139°28.98′E ― ― 90 SY91-2 17 Oct. 1991 OM 34°31.35′N 139°25.39′E ― ― 121–126 SY91-3 17 Oct. 1991 OM 34°31.44′N 139°22.70′E ― ― 202–219 SY91-7 18 Oct. 1991 OK 34°59.00′N 139°34.47′E ― ― 79–80 SY91-10 18 Oct. 1991 OM 34°57.82′N 139°35.20′E ― ― 76 SY93-1 17 Oct. 1993 T 34°25.84′N 139°10.20′E 34°25.82′N 139°10.25′E 154–157 SY93-5 18 Oct. 1993 H 34°21.49′N 139°04.84′E 34°21.41′N 139°05.05′E 135–140 SY93-7 18 Oct. 1993 H 34°20.78′N 139°03.90′E 34°20.71′N 139°04.13′E 192–199 SY93-8 18 Oct. 1993 H 34°20.16′N 139°02.26′E 34°20.02′N 139°02.45′E 124–126 SY93-10 18 Oct. 1993 OM 34°30.18′N 139°23.93′E 34°30.36′N 139°24.01′E 127–129 SY93-12 18 Oct. 1993 OM 34°33.20′N 139°23.33′E 34°33.40′N 139°23.43′E 135–132 SY93-14 18 Oct. 1993 OM 34°35.43′N 139°25.48′E 34°35.66′N 139°25.61′E 187–204 SY95-1 21 Oct. 1995 OM 34°34.53′N 139°28.08′E 34°34.72′N 139°27.87′E 98–86 SY95-2 21 Oct. 1995 OM 34°32.72′N 139°27.72′E 34°32.57′N 139°27.65′E 86–88 SY95-3 21 Oct. 1995 OM 34°31.45′N 139°27.69′E 34°31.15′N 139°27.51′E 90 SY95-7 21 Oct. 1995 OM 34°34.93′N 139°25.04′E 34°34.96′N 139°24.96′E 131–155 SY96-2 22 Oct.
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