未来への展望 a View to the Future

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未来への展望～メコン・ウォッチによる政策提言活動の可能性と方向性～ A View to the Future ～ Possibilities and Directionality of Policy Proposal Activities by Mekong Watch ～公益財団法人トヨタ財団助成事業最終報告書 Final Report for a Grant Project of The Toyota Foundation メコン・ウォッチ / Mekong Watch October 2013 日本語 p.1 ～ p.39 English p.41 ～ p.

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Pak Mun Dam Case Study
Introduction: Pak Mun Dam Case Study As part of a two-year work programme to review the development effectiveness of large dams, The World Commission on Dams (WCD) has commissioned TDRI to lead the case study on Pak Mun dam on the Mun river in Thailand’s northeast. Pak Mun was selected as one of the case studies on dams located in major river basins in different regions of the world. The Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT) started construction of Pak Mun dam in June 1990, and has been operating Pak Mun as a run-of-the-river hydropower project since 1994. TDRI was assigned to re-examine the premises of the underlying economic case for Pak Mun, and to review the project’s justification in the light of material evidence and developments to date bearing on its impact on the environment, in particular on fisheries. WCD’s mandate is to propose a framework for weighing the alternatives in water resources and energy management, and to set internationally acceptable criteria in the planning, design, construction, monitoring, operation and decommissioning of dams. WCD’s final report was released on November 16th, 2000 in London. With the issue of its final report, WCD has completed its mandate and was formally decommissioned. Pak Mun case study was part of the knowledge base which supported the Commission’s conclusions. TDRI’s report, which was submitted to WCD in its final form in March 2000, was previously circulated with other commissioned papers to participants at a stakeholders’ meeting convened by WCD in Bangkok on 23rd February, 2000.
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Modelling the Impacts of Climate Change Council Study
MEKONG RIVER COMMISSION THE COUNCIL STUDY The Study on the Sustainable Management and Development of the Mekong River Basin including Impacts of Mainstream Hydropower Projects Modelling the Impacts of Climate Change and Development Infrastructure on Mekong Flow, Sediment Regimes and Water Quality Modelling Volume 1: Summary Report January 2018 Disclaimer The Council Study reports are considered final drafts prepared by specialists of the Mekong River Commission and international experts through an extensive process of consultation with representatives of the Member Countries and interested stakeholders. The contents or findings of the reports are not necessarily the views of the MRC Member Countries but serve as knowledge base and reference in the work of the MRC and its Member Countries in their ongoing technical and policy dialogues to ensure sustainable development of the Mekong River Basin. The MRC is funded by contributions from its Member Countries and Development Partners: Australia, Belgium, European Union, Finland, France, Germany, Japan, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Sweden, Switzerland, the United States and the World Bank. Council Study Modelling Report Volume 1 of 10 - Summary Report CONTENTS AMENDMENT RECORD This report has been issued and amended as follows: Issue Revision Description Date Prepared By 1 1 Baseline and Main 15 April MRC Modelling Team Sopheap Scenarios 2017 Lim and Anthony Green with contributions by Nguyen Dinh Dat, Ornanong Vonnarat, Rattykone Sayasane, Rachel Blakers and Jorma Koponnen 1 2 Update for May
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New Means, Old Ends? World Bank Governmentality in Thailand and Lao People's Democratic Republic
University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Masters Theses Graduate School 5-2012 New Means, Old Ends? World Bank Governmentality in Thailand and Lao People's Democratic Republic Nicholas Ryan Zeller [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes Part of the Politics and Social Change Commons Recommended Citation Zeller, Nicholas Ryan, "New Means, Old Ends? World Bank Governmentality in Thailand and Lao People's Democratic Republic. " Master's Thesis, University of Tennessee, 2012. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/1224 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Masters Theses by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a thesis written by Nicholas Ryan Zeller entitled "New Means, Old Ends? World Bank Governmentality in Thailand and Lao People's Democratic Republic." I have examined the final electronic copy of this thesis for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree of Master of Science, with a major in Sociology. Paul K. Gellert, Major Professor We have read this thesis and recommend its acceptance: Rachelle Scott, Damayanti Banerjee Accepted for the Council: Carolyn R. Hodges Vice Provost and Dean of the Graduate School (Original signatures are on file with official studentecor r ds.) New Means, Old Ends? World Bank Governmentality in Thailand and Lao People’s Democratic Republic A Thesis Presented for the Master of Arts Degree The University of Tennessee, Knoxville Nicholas Ryan Zeller May 2012 Copyright © 2012 by Nicholas R.
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Case Study: Pak Mun Dam, Mekong River Basin, Thailand
WCD Case Study Pak Mun Dam Mekong River Basin Thailand Final Report: November 2000 Prepared for the World Commission on Dams (WCD) by: Sakchai Amornsakchai - Asian Institute of Technology, Bangkok Philippe Annez - Griffon Ltd., Bangkok Suphat Vongvisessomjai - Asian Institute of Technology, Bangkok Sansanee Choowaew - Mahidol University, Bangkok Thailand Development Research Institute (TDRI), Bangkok Prasit Kunurat - Department of Social Sciences, Khon Kaen University Jaruwan Nippanon, - Department of Health, Khon Kaen University Roel Schouten- Seatec International - Consulting Engineers, Bangkok Pradit Sripapatrprasite- Seatec International - Consulting Engineers, Bangkok Chayan Vaddhanaphuti - Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai Chavalit Vidthayanon - Royal Thai Government Fisheries Department, Bangkok Wanpen Wirojanagud, - Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen University Ek Watana - Department of Ecological Science, Khon Kaen University Secretariat of the World Commission on Dams P.O. Box 16002, Vlaeberg, Cape Town 8018, South Africa Phone: 27 21 426 4000 Fax: 27 21 426 0036. Website: http://www.dams.org E-mail: [email protected] Pak Mun Dam - Mekong River Basin, Thailand i Disclaimer This is a working paper of the World Commission on Dams - the report published herein was prepared for the Commission as part of its information gathering activity. The views, conclusions, and recommendations are not intended to represent the views of the Commission. The Commission's views, conclusions, and recommendations will be set forth in the Commission's own report. Please cite this report as follows: Amornsakchai, S., Annez, P., Vongvisessomjai, S., Choowaew, S., Thailand Development Research Institute (TDRI), Kunurat, P., Nippanon, J., Schouten, R., Sripapatrprasite, P., Vaddhanaphuti, C., Vidthayanon, C., Wirojanagud, W., Watana, E. 2000. Pak Mun Dam, Mekong River Basin, Thailand.
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A Lesson Learnt from Pak Mun Dam
Woraya Som-in and Savitri Gadavanij Hydropower Dam and Development, Whose Development and for Whom?: A Lesson Learnt from Pak Mun Dam Woraya Som-in* and Savitri Gadavanij** Abstract Pak Mun hydropower dam is one of several government’s development projects in which emerged from the claim of national security and rural development. Due to the long and continuing protests against Pak Mun Dam, the project is one of the most outstanding cases that capture the interest of the civil society in local, national and international context. The case is also considered as one of the longest social movements by grassroot people in Thailand and the world. In 1991 since the dam was built and up until now, the requests and protests of the Assembly of the Poor (affected people) against Pak Mun dam have continued for more than two decades due to the dam’s severe impact to thousands of livelihoods and the ecology of the Mun River and many local communities at large. The impact of the EBNǰIBTǰBMTPǰHFOFSBUFEǰUIFǰDPOŴJDUTǰBNPOHǰTUBLFIPMEFSTǰJOǰUIFǰTPDJFUZǰ#ZǰDPOEVDUJOHǰ FUIOPHSBQIJDǰTUVEZǰJOǰUIFǰųFMEǰTJUFǰPGǰUIFǰJTTVFǰBMPOHǰXJUIǰFNQJSJDBMǰFWJEFODFT elicited from the community, the study presents the authentic data rooted from the ųMFǰTJUFǰ5IFSFGPSF ǰUIJTǰBSUJDMFǰJTǰBJNJOHǰUPǰTIFEǰMJHIUǰPOǰNBLJOHǰVOEFSTUBOEJOHǰPGǰIPXǰ * Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Mahasarakham University, Khamraing Sub-District, Kantarawichai District, Maha Sarakham 44150, THAILAND. E-mail: [email protected] ** Graduate School of Language and Communication, National Institute
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Part Iii Hydro-Hydraulic Modelling
PART III HYDRO-HYDRAULIC MODELLING Vol. I: Main Report, Part III: Hydro-Hydraulic Modelling WUP-JICA, March 2004 PART III HYDRO-HYDRAULIC MODELLING 1. DEVELOPMENT OF HYDRO-HYDRAULIC MODEL FOR THE CAMBODIAN FLOODPLAINS 1.1 Background of Model Development This Part III of the Main Report outlines all modelling activities carried out during the entire period of the WUP-JICA project/study including the model origin in the Mekong Basin and a similar improvement in the related project. In the initial stage of the study, some hydro-hydraulic simulation models were needed simultaneously with the monitoring activities to verify the observed data and to clarify the hydrological or hydraulic mechanisms in the basin. After a series of discussions with the MRCS due to the apprehension on overlapping of activities with the WUP-A and WUP-FIN projects, the WUP-JICA Team had decided to take over and further develop the model developed by the recently completed project of MRC. A brief description of the first study on the Mekong where MIKE 11 has been applied applied and the link to the other project where the model was used simultaneously with the WUP-JICA study for detailed flood analysis is herein presented. The part also explains the concepts of the two model systems applied; namely, the rainfall-runoff model and the hydraulic river and floodplain model. The coupling of the two models was studied as well. A detailed description of the topographical and structural data used for model construction is herein given, the hydrological and hydraulic data applied for model calibration or verification is described, and the detailed layout of the models together with the calibration or verification results for the years 1998-2001 is presented.
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THE COUNCIL STUDY the Study on the Sustainable Management and Development of the Mekong River Basin, Including Impacts of Mainstream Hydropower
MEKONG RIVER COMMISSION THE COUNCIL STUDY The Study on the Sustainable Management and Development of the Mekong River Basin, including Impacts of Mainstream Hydropower Projects Modelling the Impacts of Climate Change and Development Infrastructure on Mekong Flow, Sediment Regimes and Water Quality Modelling Volume 1: Summary Report January 2018 Disclaimer: These Council Study reports are considered final drafts prepared by the technical experts and specialists of the Mekong River Commission, through a process of consultation with representatives of member countries. The contents or findings of the reports are not necessarily the views of the MRC member countries but will serve as knowledge base and reference in the work of the MRC and its member countries in their ongoing technical and policy dialogues in ensuring the sustainable development of the Mekong river basin. The MRC is funded by contribution from its member countries and development partners of Australia, Belgium, European Union, Finland, France, Germany, Japan, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Sweden, Switzerland, the United States and the World Bank Council Study Modelling Report Volume 1 of 10 - Summary Report CONTENTS AMENDMENT RECORD This report has been issued and amended as follows: Issue Revision Description Date Prepared By 1 1 Baseline and Main 15 April MRC Modelling Team Sopheap Scenarios 2017 Lim and Anthony Green with contributions by Nguyen Dinh Dat, Ornanong Vonnarat, Rattykone Sayasane, Rachel Blakers and Jorma Koponnen 1 2 Update for May 2017 19 May As above including
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Opening the Gates of the Pak Mun Dam: Fish Migrations, Domestic Water Supply, Irrigation Projects and Politics
www.water-alternatives.org Volume 13 | Issue 1 Baird, I.G.; Manorom, K.; Phenow, A. and Gaja-Svasti, S. 2020. Opening the gates of the Pak Mun dam: Fish migrations, domestic water supply, irrigation projects and politics. Water Alternatives 13(1): 141-159 Opening the Gates of the Pak Mun Dam: Fish Migrations, Domestic Water Supply, Irrigation Projects and Politics Ian G. Baird Department of Geography, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; [email protected] Kanokwan Manorom Faculty of Liberal Arts, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, Warin Chamrap, Thailand; [email protected] Aurore Phenow Center for Southeast Asian Studies, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; [email protected] Sirasak Gaja-Svasti Faculty of Liberal Arts, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, Warin Chamrap, Thailand; [email protected] ABSTRACT: The Pak Mun Dam on the Mun River in Ubon Ratchathani Province in northeastern Thailand has long been one of the most controversial hydropower projects in Southeast Asia. The environmental and social impacts associated with blocking important fish migrations between the mainstream Mekong River and the Mun River Basin are particularly well known. Fishers, non-governmental organisations and academics have advocated for opening the gates of the dam either year-round or at least for an extended period, and especially at the beginning of the rainy season when a large number of fish migrate upstream. Crucially, however, the damʼs gates are not always opened at the beginning of the rainy season as required by previous agreements. Water management issues associated with opening the Pak Mun Dam have become increasingly complex and fraught because of additional challenges relating to the construction of new infrastructure such as irrigation dams on tributaries, and because of an increasing demand for piped domestic water to supply urban dwellers in Ubon Ratchathani City.
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CHAPTER 3 HYDRO-HYDRAULIC MODELLING 3.1 Development Of
Vol. III: Summary WUP-JICA, March 2004 CHAPTER 3 HYDRO-HYDRAULIC MODELLING 3.1 Development of Hydro-Hydraulic Model for the Cambodian Floodplains 3.1.1 Background In the initial stage of the study, some hydro-hydraulic simulation models were needed to verify the observed data and to clarify the hydrological or hydraulic mechanisms in parallel with the monitoring activities. After a series of discussions with the MRCS due to apprehension on the overlapping of work with the WUP-A and WUP-FIN projects, it was decided that the WUP-JICA team would take over and further develop the model that was developed in the recently completed project of MRC. 3.1.2 Process of Model Development Chaktomouk Project Model The Chaktomouk Project was conducted from 1999 to 2000 as one of the MRCS projects funded by the Government of Japan. As part of the Chaktomouk Project, a MIKE 11 model was established for the Mekong-Tonle Sap-Bassac river system. The purpose of the MIKE 11 model was to provide boundary conditions for a detailed two-dimensional morphological river model (MIKE 21C) set up for the Chaktomouk junction. The two-dimensional model was thus the main modelling tool in the project, supported by the one-dimensional river model MIKE 11 with information, which could not be obtained by data alone. The MIKE 11 model was set up with its upstream boundary at Kratie on the Mekong, and the downstream boundaries at Tan Chau on the Mekong and at Chau Doc on the Bassac in Vietnam. The model included the Tonle Sap and the Great Lake.
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The Impacts of Hydropower Dams in the Mekong River Basin: a Review
water Review The Impacts of Hydropower Dams in the Mekong River Basin: A Review Akarath Soukhaphon 1,*, Ian G. Baird 1 and Zeb S. Hogan 2 1 Department of Geography, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; [email protected] 2 Department of Biology and Global Water Center, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-414-368-7465 Abstract: The Mekong River, well known for its aquatic biodiversity, is important to the social, physical, and economic health of millions living in China, Myanmar, Laos, Thailand, Cambodia, and Vietnam. This paper explores the social and environmental impacts of several Mekong basin hydropower dams and groupings of dams and the geographies of their impacts. Speciﬁcally, we ex- amined the 3S (Sesan, Sekong Srepok) river system in northeastern Cambodia, the Central Highlands of Vietnam, and southern Laos; the Khone Falls area in southern Laos; the lower Mun River Basin in northeastern Thailand; and the upper Mekong River in Yunnan Province, China, northeastern Myanmar, northern Laos, and northern Thailand. Evidence shows that these dams and groupings of dams are affecting ﬁsh migrations, river hydrology, and sediment transfers. Such changes are negatively impacting riparian communities up to 1000 km away. Because many communities depend on the river and its resources for their food and livelihood, changes to the river have impacted, and will continue to negatively impact, food and economic security. While social and environmental impact assessments have been carried out for these projects, greater consideration of the scale and cumulative impacts of dams is necessary.
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Water Management in Thailand: Dams and the Voice of the Affected and Displaced People
THANita YAMSIRI Water management in Thailand: dams and the voice of the affected and displaced people ocated in the monsoon region of Southeast Asia, Thailand is blessed, and sometimes cursed, by abundance of water supplies. As the country opens to international trade, the richness in natural resources and large alluvial plains have transformed Thailand to emerge as “the rice bowl of Asia” in which the agricultural product is one of the main pillars of national income (Water Resources System Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, 2013). As the main rice exporter, the Thai government controls and centralizes water resources policies for better management in order to support a growing cultivation. Floods and droughts Lare both very common and affect farmlands. Mismanagement can result in devas- tation and will trigger economic upheaval or political turmoil. Consequently, large dams have been built all over the country and yielded positive results by expanding irrigation areas. Experience shows that a construction of mega dams involves forced relocation, environmental degradation and immensely affects people’s livelihood. However, in the government’s perception and the tacit recognition of the majority, for the common good, sacrifice needs to be made. Nevertheless, such an idea is problematic. Despite the undeniably benefit of dams, many people affected by their presence are the victims of the state’s water control. Their grievances are ignored and their protests have been merely recognized as small groups causing political turmoil. Furthermore, the notion of migration and resettlement in Thailand are mostly limited to a regular flow of either economic migrants or asylum seekers from neighboring states.
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5. HYDROLOGICAL CONDITIONS in the MEKONG DELTA 5.1 Key
Vol. II: Supporting Report, Paper VII: Maintenance of Flows on the Mekong Mainstream WUP-JICA, March 2004 5. HYDROLOGICAL CONDITIONS IN THE MEKONG DELTA 5.1 Key International Monitoring Stations in the Mekong Delta 5.1.1 International Monitoring Stations from Phnom Penh to the Mekong Delta The Mekong River enters Vietnam from Cambodia via two major rivers that flow around the Vam Nao Island; namely, the Mekong (Tien) River to the north-east and the Bassac (Hau) River to the south-west. At present, water level, discharge and water quality are monitored at Tan Chau for the Mekong and at Chau Doc for the Bassac. These stations are located at about 10 km downstream from the Cambodia-Vietnam border and at about 200 km inland from the South China Sea. The Strategic Master Scheme for Hydro-Meteorological Network in the Mekong River Basin undertaken by MRC in 2000 proposed 25 key hydrological network stations in total that are classified as high level stations for real-time monitoring of the Mekong mainstream flow in the near future under the framework of the 1995 Mekong Agreement. In Vietnam, a total of 5 key stations have been selected; namely, the Tan Chau, My Thuan, Chau Doc, Can Tho and Vam Nao stations. Both the Tan Chau and Chau Doc stations are key international monitoring stations in the management of water resources in the Mekong Delta. Fig. 5.1 Location Map of Key Hydrological Stations from Phnom Penh to the Mekong Delta in Vietnam In Cambodia, Chak Tomuk and Neak Luong stations are also categorized as key hydrological network stations for monitoring the flow volume to Vietnam from the upstream Mekong countries.
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