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Rapport Afgivet Af Justitsministeriets Arbejdsgruppe Om Kampsport I Danmark

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Rapport Afgivet Af Justitsministeriets Arbejdsgruppe Om Kampsport I Danmark Arbejdsgruppen om kampsport i Danmark Rapport afgivet af Justitsministeriets Arbejdsgruppe om kampsport i Danmark Maj 2016 Slotsholmsgade 10 1216 København K. Telefon 7226 8400 Telefax 3393 3510 www.justitsministeriet.dk [email protected] Indholdsfortegnelse 1. Indledning ......................................................................................................... 4 1.1. Baggrund ................................................................................................. 4 1.2. Arbejdsgruppens kommissorium ............................................................ 4 1.3. Arbejdsgruppens sammensætning og arbejde ......................................... 5 1.4. Resumé af arbejdsgruppens overvejelser og forslag ............................... 8 2. Kampsportsgrene og organisering ................................................................... 10 2.1. Indledning ............................................................................................. 10 2.2. Forbund og organisering ....................................................................... 12 2.2.1. Danmarks Idrætsforbund (DIF) ......................................................... 12 2.2.2. DGI .................................................................................................... 13 2.2.3. Dansk Mixed Martial Arts Federation (DMMAF) ............................ 14 2.3. Kampsportsgrene, hvori der afholdes offentlige kampe i Danmark ..... 14 2.3.1. Boksning ............................................................................................ 14 2.3.2. Brasiliansk jiu jitsu (BJJ) ................................................................... 17 2.3.3. Brydning ............................................................................................ 18 2.3.4. Grappling/Submission Wrestling ....................................................... 20 2.3.5. Judo .................................................................................................... 21 2.3.6. Ju-Jitsu ............................................................................................... 22 2.3.7. Karate ................................................................................................. 24 2.3.8. Kickboxing ........................................................................................ 27 2.3.9. Mixed Martial Arts (MMA)............................................................... 29 2.3.10. Muay thai (thaiboksning) ................................................................. 30 2.3.11. Taekwondo og Taekwon-do ............................................................ 32 2.3.12. Uorganiserede kampe ...................................................................... 34 2.4. Om de kampsportsgrene, hvori der ikke afholdes offentlige kampe i Danmark ................................................................................................ 35 2.5. Øvrige kampsportsgrene, der ikke indebærer fysisk kontakt med en anden kampsportsudøver mv. ............................................................... 36 3. Gældende ret ................................................................................................... 36 3.1. Indledning ............................................................................................. 36 3.2. Politiloven ............................................................................................. 37 3.3. Boksebekendtgørelsen .......................................................................... 38 3.4. Forlystelsesbekendtgørelsen ................................................................. 44 3.5. Ordensbekendtgørelsen ......................................................................... 45 3.6. Lov om sikkerhed ved bestemte idrætsbegivenheder ........................... 46 3.7. Forholdet til straffeloven....................................................................... 47 3.7.1. Vold ................................................................................................... 47 3.7.2. Samtykke ........................................................................................... 49 3.7.3. Materiel atypicitet .............................................................................. 50 3.7.4. Medvirken mv. ................................................................................... 51 3.8. Dansk rets almindelige erstatningsretlige regler ................................... 52 3.9. Øvrige krav til offentlige arrangementer .............................................. 54 4. Fremmed og international ret .......................................................................... 55 2 4.1. Indledning ............................................................................................. 55 4.2. Norge .................................................................................................... 55 4.2.1. Baggrunden for knockoutloven ......................................................... 56 4.2.2. Indholdet af knockoutloven og knockoutforskriften ......................... 57 4.3. Sverige .................................................................................................. 60 4.3.1. Baggrunden for den svenske kampsportslov ..................................... 61 4.3.2. Indholdet af kampsportsloven ............................................................ 62 4.3.3. Evaluering af kampsportsloven og gennemførte ændringer .............. 67 4.4. Finland .................................................................................................. 68 4.5. Europarådet, EU og FN......................................................................... 68 4.6. Øvrige landeoplysninger ....................................................................... 70 4.6.1. Belgien ............................................................................................... 70 4.6.2. Frankrig ............................................................................................. 72 4.6.3. Nederlandene ..................................................................................... 72 4.6.4. Tyskland ............................................................................................ 73 5. Sundhedsmæssige risici .................................................................................. 74 5.1. Indledning ............................................................................................. 74 5.2. Spørgeskemaundersøgelse .................................................................... 75 5.3. Udtalelse fra Styrelsen for Patientsikkerhed ......................................... 76 6. Sikkerhedsmæssige risici og ordensmæssige hensyn ...................................... 83 6.1. Indledning ............................................................................................. 83 6.2. Spørgeskemaundersøgelse .................................................................... 83 6.3. Sikkerhedsmæssige risici og ordensmæssige hensyn ........................... 84 7. Arbejdsgruppens overvejelser .......................................................................... 85 7.1. Indledning ............................................................................................. 85 7.2. Behov for offentlig regulering .............................................................. 85 7.3. Det hjemmelsmæssige grundlag for en regulering ............................... 90 7.4. Hvilke kampsportsaktiviteter bør være omfattet af reguleringen? ........ 94 7.5. Offentlig kamp ...................................................................................... 97 7.6. Tilladelseskrav og myndighed .............................................................. 99 7.7. Stævnelæge, helbredslog og forudgående lægelig undersøgelse ........ 103 7.8. Alderskrav ........................................................................................... 111 7.9. Strafansvar .......................................................................................... 117 7.10. Ikrafttræden og forholdet til boksebekendtgørelsen mv ..................... 119 7.11. Opfølgning .......................................................................................... 120 8. Arbejdsgruppens forslag til en bekendtgørelse om visse offentlige kampe inden for kampsport ................................................................................................ 121 BILAG 1 ............................................................................................................. 124 BILAG 2 ............................................................................................................. 126 BILAG 3 ............................................................................................................. 130 3 1. Indledning 1.1. Baggrund Der er i de senere år dukket en række nye former for kampsport op, herun- der også mere ekstreme kampsportsgrene, og der afvikles i et vist omfang offentlige kampe inden for disse kampsportsgrene. Det er navnlig discipli- nen mixed martial arts, der har været genstand for omtale i medierne mv. På nuværende tidspunkt er det kun offentlige kampe inden for boksespor- ten, der er underlagt offentligretlig regulering i Danmark, og offentlige kampe inden for alle andre kampsportsgrene kan derfor som udgangspunkt frit afvikles. Det har derfor været naturligt at overveje behovet for at regulere offentlige kampe inden for andre kampsportsgrene end boksning, herunder de nyere og mere ekstreme kampsportsgrene. I juni 2014 nedsatte Justitsministeriet derfor
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