DOCSLIB.ORG

World Bank Document

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
World Bank Document RP784 V 3 Public Disclosure Authorized Nanning-Guangzhou Railway Construction Project Public Disclosure Authorized Social Assessment Report Public Disclosure Authorized Drafted by: the West Development Research Center of the Central University of Nationalities China Minority Research Center of the Central University of Nationalities Public Disclosure Authorized February 2009 in Beijing Table of Contents 1.Mission, methodology and procedure ................................................................ 3 1.1 Mission and reference................................................................................... 3 1.1.1 Mission.................................................................................................. 3 1.1.2 Reference............................................................................................... 4 1.2 Qualifications .............................................................................................. 4 1.3 Research methodology .................................................................................. 8 1.3.1 Emphases and levels of field investigation ............................................... 8 1.3.2 Investigation procedure......................................................................... 11 2.Related laws, regulations and review mechanism............................................... 2 2.1 Nationality identification and the definition of “minority nationality” in China 2 2.2 Chinese policies and regulations on nationalities ............................................ 4 2.3 The definition of “minority nationalities” according to the World Bank policy 10 2.4 Comparison between China’s minority nationalities and the World Bank’s indigenous peoples .......................................................................................... 11 2.5 Summary ................................................................................................... 14 3. Land system .................................................................................................. 15 3.1 The state basic land system ......................................................................... 15 3.2 Rural land system....................................................................................... 18 3.3 Land system of the project area ................................................................... 19 3.4 Summary ................................................................................................... 20 4.Minority Nationalities .................................................................................... 20 4.1 Association of the project to minority nationalities....................................... 20 4.1.1 General introduction to the minority nationalities in the project area........ 20 4.1.2 Association of the project to minority nationalities ................................. 21 4.2 Rural resources and livelihood .................................................................... 22 4.3 Culture and livelihood of Zhuang society ..................................................... 24 4.3.1 General introduction to Zhuang ............................................................. 24 4.3.2 The livelihood of Zhuang people in the project area ................................ 28 4.4 Relations and comparison between different nationalities in the project ......... 32 4.5 Summary ................................................................................................... 33 5.Poverty and the sexes ..................................................................................... 33 5.1 Poverty in the project area .......................................................................... 33 5.1.1 General introduction ............................................................................. 33 5.1.2 Analysis of the causes of poverty........................................................... 34 1 . 5.2 Association of poverty to nationalities ......................................................... 34 5.3 Women ...................................................................................................... 35 5.3.1 Women and traditional roles .................................................................. 35 5.3.2 Association of nationality to the sex role and position............................. 36 5.4 Summary ................................................................................................... 36 6.Project impact analysis................................................................................... 38 6.1 Positive analysis ........................................................................................ 38 6.2 Adverse impact .......................................................................................... 38 6.3 Analysis of the differences of impact by the project on the nationalities......... 45 6.4 Summary ................................................................................................... 45 7.Parties having an interest in the project ......................................................... 46 7.1 The identification of the parties having an interest in the project................... 46 7.2 Analysis of the parties ................................................................................ 46 7.2.1 The Ministry of Railways ...................................................................... 46 7.2.2 NG company ....................................................................................... 47 7.2.3 Guangxi Autonomous Region Government .............................................. 47 7.2.4 The city, county/district and Township governments ................................ 48 7.2.5 The World Bank.................................................................................... 49 7.2.6 The construction contractor ................................................................... 53 7.3 Summary ................................................................................................... 54 8. Conclusion and recommendation.................................................................... 55 8.1 Information exposure and support by the residents........................................ 55 8.2 The indigenous peoples’ policy of the World Bank (OP4.10) does not apply to this project...................................................................................................... 55 8.3 The RAP drafted for this project also applies to the Zhuang people................ 55 2 . 1. Mission, methodology and procedure 1.1 Mission and reference 1.1.1 Mission According to the recommendation of the experts from the World Bank, at the end of August 2008, the Foreign Investment Utilization and Technology Introduction Center of the China Ministry of Railways (referred to as the entrusting party thereinafter) entrusted Professor Zhang Haiyang, director of the West Development Research Center of the Central University of Nationalities, and Associate Professor Jia Zhongyi, deputy director of the above center (referred to as the trustee thereinafter) to conduct social assessment for this project. On September 2nd, the two parties signed a contract, by which the trustee accepted the commission formally. Through negotiation between the two parties, and after consultation with the related experts from the World Bank, it is clarified that the trustee should undertake the following tasks: a) As per operational policy OP4.10 of the World Bank and the appendixes, the trustee shall investigate along the route of Nanjing-Guangzhou Railway project, so as to understand clearly the actual distribution of minority nationalities in this area and identifying the potential positive and negative impact the project shall have on the minority nationalities. b) Through in-depth field investigation, the trustee shall learn the economic and social development status and the social cultural characteristics of the minority nationalities along the route, so as to tell whether the minority nationalities in this area comply with the “indigenous peoples” as defined in the operational policy OP4.10 of the World Bank. The trustee will then take the impact analysis of the project into consideration and decide whether it is needed to draft a “Minority Nationalities Development Plan” for the minority nationalities in the area. c) The trustee shall analyze the suitability of the related action plan (RAP). 3 . d) The trustee shall draft both the Chinese and English versions of “the Social assessment Report of the Nanning-Guangzhou Railway Construction Project”. If necessary, the trustee will help the entrusting party to draft the Chinese and English versions of the “Minority Nationalities Development Plan for the Nanjing-Guangzhou Railway Construction Project”. e) The trustee shall conduct field investigation and finish the “social assessment report” (and if necessary, the “minority nationalities development plan”) in a timely manner at the appropriate time based on the progress of the preparation work for this project. Timing for the above task starts in early September of 2008 and ends by mid February of 2009. 1.1.2 Reference References that the social assessment investigation and report are built on are mainly the following three types: a) Related policies and regulations on minority nationalities right protection, land resources exploitation and major infrastructure construction by the central and local government of China; b) Security safeguard policy, particularly indigenous peoples policy by the
Load more

Recommended publications
  • World Bank Document
    Project No: GXHKY-2008-09-177 Public Disclosure Authorized Nanning Integrated Urban Environment Project Consolidated Executive Assessment Public Disclosure Authorized Summary Report Public Disclosure Authorized Research Academy of Environmental Protection Sciences of Guangxi August 2009 Public Disclosure Authorized NIUEP CEA Summary TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ABBREVIATIONS ....................................................................................................................... i CURRENCIES & OTHER UNITS ............................................................................................ ii CHEMICAL ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................................................... ii 1 General ........................................................................................................................... - 1 - 1.1 Brief ..................................................................................................................................... - 1 - 1.2 Overall Background of the Environmental Assessment ................................................. - 3 - 1.3 Preparation of CEA ........................................................................................................... - 5 - 2 Project Description ......................................................................................................... - 6 - 2.1 Objectives of the Project .................................................................................................... - 6 - 2.2
    [Show full text]
  • Nine New Combinations and One New Name of Primulina (Gesneriaceae) from South China
    Phytotaxa 64: 1–8 (2012) ISSN 1179-3155 (print edition) www.mapress.com/phytotaxa/ PHYTOTAXA Copyright © 2012 Magnolia Press Article ISSN 1179-3163 (online edition) Nine new combinations and one new name of Primulina (Gesneriaceae) from South China WEI-BIN XU1, QIANG ZHANG1, FANG WEN1, WEN-BO LIAO2, BO PAN1, HSUAN CHANG3 & KUO-FANG CHUNG3, 4 1Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, 541006, Guilin, China 2State Key Lab of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, CN-510275 Guangzhou, China 3School of Forestry and Resource Conservation, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan 4Author for correspondence; email: [email protected] Abstract As a consequence of molecular phylogenetic studies, the monotypic genus Primulina has recently been recircumscribed and expanded to include Chirita sect. Gibbosaccus, Chiritopsis, and Wentsaiboea. Based on phylogenetic analyses of ITS sequences and apparent morphological similarity, we make further transfers of six species of Chirita (C. leprosa, C. lijiangensis, C. ningmingensis, C. luochengensis, C. rongshuiensis, and C. tiandengensis) and four of Chiritopsis (Ch. danxiaensis, Ch. hezhouensis, Ch. jingxiensis, and Ch. longzhouensis) that were neglected or published around or slightly after these recent taxonomic treatments. The proposed nomenclatural changes include one new name, P. pseudolinearifolia, and nine new combinations, P. danxiaensis, P. hezhouensis, P. jingxiensis, P. leprosa, P. lijiangensis, P. longzhouensis,
    [Show full text]
  • 2020 INTERIM REPORT Corporate Information (Continued)
    INTERIM REPORT CONTENTS Corporate Information 2 Chairman’s Statement 4 Management Discussion and Analysis 7 Corporate Governance 32 Disclosure of the Interests Information 34 Other Information 40 Review Report on the Interim Financial Information 45 Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income 46 Consolidated Statement of Financial Position 48 Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity 50 Condensed Consolidated Cash Flow Statement 53 Notes to the Unaudited Interim Financial Statements 54 Corporate Information BOARD OF DIRECTORS NOMINATION COMMITTEE Executive Directors Mr. Yi Xiaodi (Chairman) Mr. Yi Xiaodi (Chairman) Mr. Gu Yunchang Mr. Fan Xiaochong (Vice Chairman) Mr. Wang Bo Non-executive Directors JOINT COMPANY SECRETARIES Ms. Fan Xiaohua Mr. Tsang Ho Yin Mr. Wang Gongquan Mr. He Jie Independent non-executive Directors COMPANY’S WEBSITE Mr. Gu Yunchang www.ss100.com.cn Mr. Ng Fook Ai, Victor Mr. Wang Bo AUTHORISED REPRESENTATIVES AUDIT COMMITTEE Mr. Yi Xiaodi Mr. Tsang Ho Yin Mr. Ng Fook Ai, Victor (Chairman) Mr. Gu Yunchang Mr. Wang Bo REGISTERED OFFICE 190 Elgin Avenue REMUNERATION COMMITTEE George Town, Grand Cayman KY1–9005 Mr. Wang Bo (Chairman) Cayman Islands Mr. Fan Xiaochong Mr. Gu Yunchang 2 2020 INTERIM REPORT Corporate Information (Continued) HEAD OFFICE PRINCIPAL BANKS Tower D, Floor 12 Agricultural Bank of China No. 2 Guang Hua Road China Everbright Bank Beijing 100026 China Minsheng Banking Corp., Ltd. PRC China Zheshang Bank Co., Ltd. Hua Xia Bank Co., Ltd. PRINCIPAL PLACE OF BUSINESS IN HONG KONG HONG KONG BRANCH SHARE 39/F, Gloucester Tower, REGISTRAR AND TRANSFER OFFICE The Landmark, 15 Queen’s Road Central, Computershare Hong Kong Investor Services Limited Hong Kong Shops 1712–1716, 17th Floor, Hopewell Centre PRC 183 Queen’s Road East Wanchai Hong Kong LEGAL ADVISER PRC Morrison & Foerster PRINCIPAL SHARE REGISTRAR AND AUDITOR TRANSFER OFFICE KPMG SMP Partners (Cayman) Limited 8th Floor, Prince’s Building Royal Bank House – 3rd Floor 10 Chater Road 24 Shedden Road Central P.O.
    [Show full text]
  • Investigation and Analysis of Genetic Diversity of Diospyros Germplasms Using Scot Molecular Markers in Guangxi
    RESEARCH ARTICLE Investigation and Analysis of Genetic Diversity of Diospyros Germplasms Using SCoT Molecular Markers in Guangxi Libao Deng1,3☯, Qingzhi Liang2☯, Xinhua He1,4*, Cong Luo1, Hu Chen1, Zhenshi Qin5 1 Agricultural College of Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China, 2 National Field Genebank for Tropical Fruit, South Subtropical Crops Research Institutes, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524091, China, 3 Administration Committee of Guangxi Baise National Agricultural Science and Technology Zone, Baise 533612, China, 4 Guangxi Crop Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology Laboratory, Nanning 530007, China, 5 Experiment Station of Guangxi Subtropical Crop Research Institute, Chongzuo 532415, China ☯ These authors contributed equally to this work. * [email protected] Abstract OPEN ACCESS Citation: Deng L, Liang Q, He X, Luo C, Chen H, Qin Background Z (2015) Investigation and Analysis of Genetic Diversity of Diospyros Germplasms Using SCoT Knowledge about genetic diversity and relationships among germplasms could be an Molecular Markers in Guangxi. PLoS ONE 10(8): invaluable aid in diospyros improvement strategies. e0136510. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0136510 Editor: Swarup Kumar Parida, National Institute of Methods Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), INDIA This study was designed to analyze the genetic diversity and relationship of local and natu- Received: January 1, 2015 ral varieties in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of China using start codon targeted Accepted: August 5, 2015 polymorphism (SCoT) markers. The accessions of 95 diospyros germplasms belonging to Published: August 28, 2015 four species Diospyros kaki Thunb, D. oleifera Cheng, D. kaki var. silverstris Mak, and D. Copyright: © 2015 Deng et al. This is an open lotus Linn were collected from different eco-climatic zones in Guangxi and were analyzed access article distributed under the terms of the using SCoT markers.
    [Show full text]
  • Epidemiological and Genetic Characteristics of EV71 in Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease in Guangxi, Southern China, from 2010 to 2015
    RESEARCH ARTICLE Epidemiological and genetic characteristics of EV71 in hand, foot, and mouth disease in Guangxi, southern China, from 2010 to 2015 Minmei Chen*☯, Yu Ju☯, Min Chen☯, Zhenguo Xie, Kaijiao Zhou, Yi Tan, Jianjun Mo Institute of Acute Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Nanning, Guangxi, China ☯ These authors contributed equally to this work. a1111111111 * [email protected] a1111111111 a1111111111 a1111111111 a1111111111 Abstract Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a significant public health challenge in China. Human enterovirus 71 (EV71) is regarded as the predominant causative pathogen of HFMD. Since 2015, two inactivated EV71 vaccines have been approved in mainland China, OPEN ACCESS and because their use could change the HFMD pathogen spectrum, this should now be Citation: Chen M, Ju Y, Chen M, Xie Z, Zhou K, Tan monitored. However, the epidemiological and genetic trends of EV71 with respect to HFMD Y, et al. (2017) Epidemiological and genetic in Guangxi, southern China, are still not clear. In this study, we describe the epidemiological characteristics of EV71 in hand, foot, and mouth and genetic characterization of this virus in clinically-diagnosed HFMD reported from 2010 disease in Guangxi, southern China, from 2010 to 2015. PLoS ONE 12(12): e0188640. https://doi. to 2015 in Guangxi. Data showed that a two-year epidemic cycle, with a predominance of org/10.1371/journal.pone.0188640 EV71 infections, contributed to HFMD outbreaks in Guangxi. Furthermore, this virus is a Editor: Zhefeng Meng, Fudan University, CHINA major causative agent of severe and fatal HFMD.
    [Show full text]
  • Guangxi Chongzuo Border Connectivity Improvement Project
    *OFFICIAL USE ONLY Guangxi Chongzuo Border Connectivity Improvement Project Environmental and Social Management Plan (Draft) Guangxi Chongzuo City Construction Investment Development Group Co., Ltd. April 2021 *OFFICIAL USE ONLY Environmental and Social Management Plan of Guangxi Chongzuo Border Connectivity Improvement Project Contents Project Background ........................................................................................................ 1 Abstract .......................................................................................................................... 8 1 Legal and Regulatory Framework ............................................................................ 17 1.1 China's Environmental Protection Related Laws and Regulations and Departmental Regulations ............................................................................................ 17 1.2 Technical Guidelines and Codes for Environmental Impact Assessment .......... 22 1.3 Guangxi Laws, Regulations and Codes on Environmental Protection .............. 24 1.4 Relevant Requirements of AIIB ......................................................................... 25 1.5 Relevant Planning ............................................................................................... 28 1.6 Environmental Quality and Pollutant Emission Standards ................................ 32 2 Environmental and Social Management System ...................................................... 38 2.1 Composition of the Environmental and Social Management
    [Show full text]
  • Supplementary Materials
    511 Supplementary Materials 512 Environmental Change and Coronavirus Emergence Risk 513 Maria Cristina Rulli1, Paolo D’Odorico2, Nikolas Galli1, David T.S. Hayman3 514 1 Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 515 Milano, Italy 516 2 Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, 517 California, USA 518 3 Molecular Epidemiology and Public Health Laboratory, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, 519 New Zealand 520 521 522 Figures and Tables Supplementary Materials (SI) 523 Table S1. Horseshoe bat locations based on literature survey of studies reporting occurrences and 524 related coordinates (coordinates are here listed as reported in the original articles and therefore 525 they are not in a homogeneous format). Species Site Location Region Latitude Longitude Ref. R. macrotis Shiyan Cave Jing gang shan Nature Jiangxi Province 26°36’N 114°12’E 1 Reserve R. macrotis Xianren Cave Jinning County Yunnan Province 24°30’N 102°20’E R. macrotis Tiantang Cave Changtang County, Nanning Guangxi Province 22°49’N 108°42’E city R. luctus Emei shan Emei shan Sichuan province 29°31’11”N 103°19’57”E 2 R. formosae Pingtung Pingtung Taiwan 22°40’16”N 120°29’17”E R. formosae Kaohsiung Kaohsiung Taiwan 23°01’18”N 120°39’25”E R. affinis Shiyan cave Liping village, Jinggangshan Jiangxi Province 26°36′N 114°12′E 3 Natural Reserve R. pearsoni Shiyan cave Liping village, Jinggangshan Jiangxi Province 26°36′N 114°12′E Natural Reserve R. macrotis Longxu cave Shuanghe township Yunnan Province 24°30’N 102°20’E 4 R.
    [Show full text]
  • Petrogenesis of the Jurassic Guiping Complex in the Southwestern South China Block: Insights Into the Subduction Processes of the Paleo-Pacific Slab
    minerals Article Petrogenesis of the Jurassic Guiping Complex in the Southwestern South China Block: Insights into the Subduction Processes of the Paleo-Pacific Slab Zhao-Ying Lü 1,2,3, Chang-Qian Ma 3,4,*, Yuan-Yuan Liu 5, Fu-Hao Xiong 6, Chang-Xin Wei 1,2, Mu-Long Chen 7, Gui-Cheng Xue 1,2 and Yu-Sheng He 1,2 1 Hainan Key Laboratory of Marine Geological Resources and Environment, Haikou 570206, China; [email protected] (Z.-Y.L.); [email protected] (C.-X.W.); [email protected] (G.-C.X.); [email protected] (Y.-S.H.) 2 Hainan Geological Survey, Haikou 570206, China 3 Faculty of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China 4 State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China 5 Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China; [email protected] 6 College of Earth Science, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China; [email protected] 7 Hainan Resources Environment Survey Institute, Haikou 570206, China; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Late Jurassic NE-trending A-type granitoids are widespread in the Shihang belt, South Citation: Lü, Z.-Y.; Ma, C.-Q.; Liu, Y.-Y.; Xiong, F.-H.; Wei, C.-X.; Chen, China, though their petrogenesis and geodynamic settings remain controversial. The Guiping M.-L.; Xue, G.-C.; He, Y.-S. Petrogenesis complex is located on the southwest margin of the Shihang belt. In this study, the petrography, major of the Jurassic Guiping Complex in and trace element geochemistry, whole-rock Sr-Nd isotopes, and zircon U-Pb geochronology of the the Southwestern South China Block: Guiping complex were investigated.
    [Show full text]
  • Guangxi Wuzhou Urban Development Project
    Environmental Assessment Report Summary Environmental Impact Assessment Project Number: 40642 August 2008 People’s Republic of China: Guangxi Wuzhou Urban Development Project Prepared by the Wuzhou municipal government for the Asian Development Bank (ADB). This summary environmental impact assessment is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of 1 August 2008) Currency Unit – yuan (CNY) CNY1.00 = $0.1464 $1.00 = CNY6.8312 ABBREVIATIONS ADB – Asian Development Bank dB(A) – A-weighted decibel Dongtai – Wuzhou Dongtai State Assets Operation Corporation Ltd. EIA – environmental impact assessment EIRR – economic internal rate of return EMC – environmental management company/consultant EMP – environmental management plan EPB – environmental protection bureau GEPB – Guangxi Environmental Protection Bureau GIS – geographical information system IEM – independent environmental monitor NO2 – nitrogen dioxide PLG – project leading group PM10 – particular matter smaller than 10 micrometers PPMS – project performance management system PRC – People’s Republic of China SEIA – summary environmental impact assessment SEPA – State Environmental Protection Administration SO2 – sulfur dioxide TEIAR – tabular environmental impact assessment report WDRC Wuzhou Development and Reform Commission WEMS – Wuzhou Environmental Monitoring Station WEPB – Wuzhou Environmental Protection Bureau WMG – Wuzhou municipal government WPMO – Wuzhou project management office WWRB – Wuzhou Water Resources Bureau WUIMB – Wuzhou Urban Infrastructure Management Bureau WWTP – wastewater treatment plant WEIGHTS AND MEASURES ‰ – per mill (per thousand) ha – hectare km – kilometer km2 – square kilometer m – meter m2 – square meter m3 – cubic meter m3/d – cubic meters per day mg/m3 – milligrams per cubic meter mm – millimeter NOTE In the report, “$” refers to US dollars.
    [Show full text]
  • The Survey on the Distribution of MC Fei and Xiao Initial Groups in Chinese Dialects
    IALP 2020, Kuala Lumpur, Dec 4-6, 2020 The Survey on the Distribution of MC Fei and Xiao Initial Groups in Chinese Dialects Yan Li Xiaochuan Song School of Foreign Languages, School of Foreign Languages, Shaanxi Normal University, Shaanxi Normal University Xi’an, China /Henan Agricultural University e-mail: [email protected] Xi’an/Zhengzhou, China e-mail:[email protected] Abstract — MC Fei 非 and Xiao 晓 initial group discussed in this paper includes Fei 非, Fu groups are always mixed together in the southern 敷 and Feng 奉 initials, but does not include Wei part of China. It can be divided into four sections 微, while MC Xiao 晓 initial group includes according to the distribution: the northern area, the Xiao 晓 and Xia 匣 initials. The third and fourth southwestern area, the southern area, the class of Xiao 晓 initial group have almost southeastern area. The mixing is very simple in the palatalized as [ɕ] which doesn’t mix with Fei northern area, while in Sichuan it is the most initial group. This paper mainly discusses the first extensive and complex. The southern area only and the second class of Xiao and Xia initials. The includes Hunan and Guangxi where ethnic mixing of Fei and Xiao initials is a relatively minorities gather, and the mixing is very recent phonetic change, which has no direct complicated. Ancient languages are preserved in the inheritance with the phonological system of southeastern area where there are still bilabial Qieyun. The mixing mainly occurs in the southern sounds and initial consonant [h], but the mixing is part of the mainland of China.
    [Show full text]
  • Table of Codes for Each Court of Each Level
    Table of Codes for Each Court of Each Level Corresponding Type Chinese Court Region Court Name Administrative Name Code Code Area Supreme People’s Court 最高人民法院 最高法 Higher People's Court of 北京市高级人民 Beijing 京 110000 1 Beijing Municipality 法院 Municipality No. 1 Intermediate People's 北京市第一中级 京 01 2 Court of Beijing Municipality 人民法院 Shijingshan Shijingshan District People’s 北京市石景山区 京 0107 110107 District of Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 人民法院 Municipality Haidian District of Haidian District People’s 北京市海淀区人 京 0108 110108 Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 民法院 Municipality Mentougou Mentougou District People’s 北京市门头沟区 京 0109 110109 District of Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 人民法院 Municipality Changping Changping District People’s 北京市昌平区人 京 0114 110114 District of Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 民法院 Municipality Yanqing County People’s 延庆县人民法院 京 0229 110229 Yanqing County 1 Court No. 2 Intermediate People's 北京市第二中级 京 02 2 Court of Beijing Municipality 人民法院 Dongcheng Dongcheng District People’s 北京市东城区人 京 0101 110101 District of Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 民法院 Municipality Xicheng District Xicheng District People’s 北京市西城区人 京 0102 110102 of Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 民法院 Municipality Fengtai District of Fengtai District People’s 北京市丰台区人 京 0106 110106 Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 民法院 Municipality 1 Fangshan District Fangshan District People’s 北京市房山区人 京 0111 110111 of Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 民法院 Municipality Daxing District of Daxing District People’s 北京市大兴区人 京 0115
    [Show full text]
  • RDL Mutations Predict Multiple Insecticide Resistance in Anopheles Sinensis in Guangxi, China Chan Yang1,2, Zushi Huang1, Mei Li1, Xiangyang Feng3 and Xinghui Qiu1*
    Yang et al. Malar J (2017) 16:482 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-017-2133-0 Malaria Journal RESEARCH Open Access RDL mutations predict multiple insecticide resistance in Anopheles sinensis in Guangxi, China Chan Yang1,2, Zushi Huang1, Mei Li1, Xiangyang Feng3 and Xinghui Qiu1* Abstract Background: Anopheles sinensis is a major vector of malaria in China. The gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-gated chloride channel, encoded by the RDL (Resistant to dieldrin) gene, is the important target for insecticides of widely varied structures. The use of various insecticides in agriculture and vector control has inevitably led to the develop- ment of insecticide resistance, which may reduce the control efectiveness. Therefore, it is important to investigate the presence and distribution frequency of the resistance related mutation(s) in An. sinensis RDL to predict resistance to both the withdrawn cyclodienes (e.g. dieldrin) and currently used insecticides, such as fpronil. Methods: Two hundred and forty adults of An. sinensis collected from nine locations across Guangxi Zhuang Autono- mous Region were used. Two fragments of An. sinensis RDL (AsRDL) gene, covering the putative insecticide resistance related sites, were sequenced respectively. The haplotypes of each individual were reconstructed by the PHASE2.1 software, and confrmed by clone sequencing. The phylogenetic tree was built using maximum-likelihood and Bayes- ian inference methods. Genealogical relations among diferent haplotypes were also analysed using Network 5.0. Results: The coding region of AsRDL gene was 1674 bp long, encoding a protein of 557 amino acids. AsRDL had 98.0% amino acid identity to that from Anopheles funestus, and shared common structural features of Cys-loop ligand- gated ion channels.
    [Show full text]