Environment Master Plan Natural Resource Management (Environment & Social guidelines) Table of Contents Chapter 1: Introduction 6 Typical environment issues for each sector and an impact matrix 6 Guidance on carrying out Environment Assessments (EAs) 6 Terms of Reference (ToR) for carrying out Environment Assessments (EAs) 13 Good practice examples to illustrate innovative solutions for identified issues while balancing economic, social and ecological considerations 14 Chapter 2: Key Environmental and Social Policies/Regulations 29 Chapter 3: Environmental and Social Issues of Sectors 139 Chapter 4: Good Practices 186 Chapter 5: Proposed Actions for Different Sectors 249 Chapter 6: Inter-Relation between Monitoring & Evaluation with Vulnerability Assessment 313 Chapter 7: Recommendations 314 3 | P a g e 4 | P a g e 5 | P a g e Chapter 1: Introduction Introduction: Develop Sectoral and Activities as per EIA notification, Guidelines: These would aim to ensure 2006 (and subsequent amendments) are that sectoral development has minimal described below: adverse environment impacts, and would typically include the following: The following projects or activities shall • Typical environment issues for require prior environmental clearance each sector and an impact matrix. from the concerned regulatory authority, • Guidance on carrying out which shall hereinafter referred to be as Environment Assessments (EAs), the Central Government in the Ministry • Terms of Reference (ToR) for of Environment and Forests for matters carrying out Environment falling under Category ‘A’ in the Schedule Assessments (EAs) and at State level the State Environment Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA) • Good practice examples to for matters falling under Category ‘B’ in illustrate innovative solutions for the said Schedule, before any construction identified issues while balancing work, or preparation of land by the economic, social and ecological project management except for securing considerations the land, is started on the project or activity: Typical environment issues for each sector and an impact matrix. (i) All new projects or activities listed in the Schedule to this notification; Predicated on baseline data, environment (ii) Expansion and modernization of and social issues have been identified. The existing projects or activities listed in the identified issues, causes and impacts/risk Schedule to this notification with addition have been addressed in the Sectoral of capacity beyond the limits specified for guidelines by way of proposed actions, the concerned sector, that is, projects or type of response and inter-sectoral activities which cross the threshold limits responsibilities. given in the Schedule, after expansion or modernization; Guidance on carrying out (iii) Any change in product - mix in an Environment Assessments (EAs) existing manufacturing unit included in Schedule beyond the specified range. The Environment Impact Assessment in India is being done as per Environment Categorization of projects and activities:- Impact Assessment (EIA) notification, (i) All projects and activities are broadly 2006 and subsequent amendments namely categorized in to two categories - 1. SO 1737(E), dated the 11th October, Category A and Category B, based on the 2007, 2. SO 3067 (E), dated the 1st spatial extent of potential impacts and December, 2009, 3. SO 695 (E), dated the potential impacts on human health and 4th April, 2011, 4. SO 2896 (E) dated the natural and man made resources. 13th December 2012 and 5. SO 674 (E), (ii) All projects or activities included as dated the 13th March, 2013 and 6. Category ‘A’ in the Schedule, including amendment dated August 22, 2013 [File expansion and modernization of existing no. 21-270/2008-IA.III]. projects or activities and change in product mix, shall require prior Stages in the Prior Environmental environmental clearance from the Clearance (EC) Process for New Projects Central Government in the Ministry of 6 | P a g e Environment and Forests (MoEF) on the (b) The Central Government may, recommendations of an Expert Appraisal with the prior concurrence of the Committee (EAC) to be constituted by concerned State Governments or the Central Government for the purposes the Union territory of this notification; Administrations, constitutes one (iii) All projects or activities included as SEAC for more than one State or Category ‘B’ in the Schedule, including Union territory for reasons of expansion and modernization of existing administrative convenience and projects or activities as specified in sub cost; paragraph (ii) of paragraph 2, or change in (c) The EAC and SEAC shall be product mix as specified in sub paragraph reconstituted after every three (iii) of paragraph 2, but excluding those years; which fulfill the General Conditions (GC) (d) The authorised members of the stipulated in the Schedule, will require EAC and SEAC, concerned, may prior environmental clearance from the inspect any site(s) connected with State/Union territory Environment the project or activity in respect of Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA). which the prior environmental The SEIAA shall base its decision on the clearance is sought, for the recommendations of a State or Union purposes of screening or scoping territory level Expert Appraisal or appraisal, with prior notice of at Committee (SEAC) as to be constituted least seven days to the applicant, for in this notification. In the absence of who shall provide necessary a duly constituted SEIAA or SEAC, a facilities for the inspection; Category ‘B’ project shall be treated as a (e) The EAC and SEACs shall Category ‘A’ project; function on the principle of collective responsibility. The Screening, Scoping and Appraisal Committees:- Chairperson shall endeavour to reach a consensus in each case, The same Expert Appraisal Committees and if consensus cannot be (EACs) at the Central Government and reached, the view of the majority SEACs (hereinafter referred to as the shall prevail. (EAC) and (SEAC) at the State or the Union territory level shall screen, scope Application for Prior Environmental Clearance and appraise projects or activities in (EC):- Category ‘A’ and Category ‘B’ respectively. EAC and SEAC’s shall meet at least once An application seeking prior every month. environmental clearance in all cases shall be made in the prescribed Form 1 (a) The composition of the EAC shall annexed herewith and Supplementary be as given in Appendix VI. The Form 1A, if applicable, as given in SEAC at the State or the Union Appendix II, after the identification of territory level shall be constituted prospective site(s) for the project and/or by the Central Government in activities to which the application relates, consultation with the concerned before commencing any construction State Government or the Union activity, or preparation of land, at the site territory Administration with by the applicant. The applicant shall identical composition; furnish, along with the application, a copy of the pre-feasibility project report except 7 | P a g e that, in case of construction projects or Environment and Forests shall issue activities (item 8 of the Schedule) in appropriate guidelines from time to time. addition to Form 1 and the Supplementary Form 1A, a copy of the II. Stage (2) - Scoping: conceptual plan shall be provided, instead “ Scoping’’ refers to the process by which of the pre-feasibility report. the Expert Appraisal Committee in the case of Category A projects activities, and Stages in the Prior Environmental Clearance State Expert Appraisal Committee in the (EC) Process for New Projects:- case of category ‘B1’ projects or activities, including applications for expansion or The environmental clearance process for modernization or change in product max new projects will comprise of a maximum of existing projects or activities, determine of four stages, all of which may not apply detailed and comprehensive Terms of to particular cases as set forth below in Reference (TOR) addressing all relevant this notification. environmental concerns for the preparation of activity for which prior These four stages in sequential order are:- environment (EIA) Report in respect of the project or activity for which prior Stage (1) Screening (Only for Category ‘B’ environmental clearance is sought and the projects and activities) Expert Appraisal Committee or State level Stage (2) Scoping Expert Appraisal Committee concerned Stage (3) Public Consultation shall determine the terms of reference on Stage (4) Appraisal the basis of the information furnished in the prescribed application Form 1 or I. Stage (1) - Screening: Form 1A including terms of reference proposed by the applicant, site visit by a In case of Category ‘B’ projects or sub- group of Expert Appraisal activities, this stage will entail the scrutiny Committee or State level Expert Appraisal of an application seeking prior Committee concerned only if considered environmental clearance made in Form 1 necessary by the Expert Appraisal by the concerned State level Expert Committee or State Level Expert Appraisal Committee (SEAC) for Appraisal Committee concerned, terms of determining whether or not the project or reference suggested by the applicant if activity requires further environmental furnished and other information that may studies for preparation of an be available with the Expert Appraisal Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Committee or State Level Expert for its appraisal prior to the grant of Appraisal Committee concerned: environmental