This Thesis Has Been Submitted in Fulfilment of the Requirements for a Postgraduate Degree (E.G
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This thesis has been submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for a postgraduate degree (e.g. PhD, MPhil, DClinPsychol) at the University of Edinburgh. Please note the following terms and conditions of use: This work is protected by copyright and other intellectual property rights, which are retained by the thesis author, unless otherwise stated. A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the author. The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the author. When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given. COMMUNICATING ETHICAL BUSINESS PRACTICES AND ITS EFFECTS ON THE KNOWLEDGE, PERCEPTION AND BEHAVIOUR OF STAKEHOLDERS Heather F. Ross Doctor of Philosophy in Management The University of Edinburgh 2018 For David DECLARATION In accordance with the University of Edinburgh Regulations for Research Degrees, the author declares that: i. This thesis has been composed by the author and the work contained herein is their own except where explicitly stated otherwise in the text. ii. It is the result of the author's own original research. iii. It has not previously been submitted for any other degree or professional qualification except as specified. iv. Preliminary results of this research have been presented at international conferences and workshops as noted in the list of Research Outputs. The copyright of this thesis belongs to the author. Signed: Heather F. Ross i ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Thanks are given to the following people who have supported my research in so many ways: David Ross – for being there for me in so many ways. Sarah Iwanow – for encouragement, support and laughter. Professor Tina Harrison and Professor Jake Ansell – for guiding me through the PhD process and for justifying the reputation of the University of Edinburgh Business School (UEBS). Professor Richard Murray – for being my mentor when I was an undergraduate student, as a member of staff at Manchester Metropolitan University, and as my external supervisor for my PhD. Dr Dahlia El-Manstrly and Professor Ken Peattie – for the time and care that they took over examining the Thesis. George Cruickshank – my grandpa who, as the Chief Accountant to the Law Society, prepared the accounts for the proposed ‘Legal Aid and Advice Act’. Michael Mansfield QC – for providing inspiration and explanation, which supported the research topic. Professor Morven McEachern – for helping me to write my first journal paper and constant encouragement since. Dr Amanda Miller – for extremely wise counsel just when it was needed. Dr Alan Hughes – for embedding student experience excellence in my professional DNA. My friend Ken (1962 -2017) – a gentle man. To those who advocated for me to complete my research at the University of Edinburgh and other staff members at the UEBS who have helped with advice and support. To all the friends and family who have sent me ‘just keep typing’ messages. To the interview and focus group participants, who gave their time, shared their thoughts and opinions, and enabled the research to come to life. To all of those who have shone a light on both ethical and unethical practices as I have completed this research. iii ETHICAL BUSINESS PRACTICE RESEARCH OUTPUTS ACADEMIC AWARDS / RECOGNITION / ESTEEM 2017 Member of the Textile Institute’s Editorial Panel and the Publications Committee, and Editor for books on CSR and sustainability. 2016 Received a ‘Best Paper’ nomination for Ross, H. F. & Harrison, T. (2016) ‘Augmented Reality Apparel: An Appraisal of Consumer Knowledge, Attitude and Behavioral Intentions’. In the Proceedings of the Hawaii International Conference on Systems Sciences HICSS-49. Kauai, Hawaii (5-8 January). 2015 Chair for the Ethics, CSR, & Public Policy Track, at the Academy of Marketing Science Annual Conference, Denver, Colorado, USA (12 May). 2015 Received the ‘Best Research Proposal and Presentation’ award for: Ross, H.F., Robson, K., Syrdal, H. and Yuksel, R. (2015) 'Click & Collect calling: the impact on the apparel market.' Academy of Marketing Science, Inaugural Doctoral Consortium. 2014 Received the ‘Best paper/ presentation’ award for Ross, H.F. (2014) 'Too much information: the ever-increasing user journey for sustainability data in the fashion sector.' 3rd International Research Conference in Marketing: Marketing theory - past, present & future, The University of Strathclyde, Business School, Glasgow (15 May). 2010 Received the ‘Outstanding Reviewer 2010 Award for Excellence’, from the Emerald Literati, for journal article reviewing. 2008 Received the best submission prize - the ‘Outstanding Paper Award’ - for Iwanow, H. (2008) ‘The promotion of social efficiency measures through Corporate Social Responsibility policies and their influence on apparel purchase behaviour’. Fashion and Textiles: Heading towards new horizons The 86th Textile Institute World Conference Hong Kong: Hong Kong Polytechnic University (18-21 November). This paper was also the Key Note presentation for the Marketing and Retailing section of the conference, which attracted over 400 delegates. 2006 Journal paper reviewed by Strategic Direction (see paper details in ‘Journal Papers’ section). CONFERENCE PAPERS Ross, H. F. (2017) ‘A Financial Leap of Faith: Government Funding for Community CSR and Sustainability Initiatives.’ Academy of Marketing Science Annual Conference. San Diego, USA (24- 26 May 2017) Ross, H. F. & Harrison, T. (2016) ‘Augmented Reality Apparel: An Appraisal of Consumer Knowledge, Attitude and Behavioral Intentions’. In the Proceedings of the Hawaii International Conference on Systems Sciences HICSS-49. Kauai, Hawaii, 5th - 8th January 2016. Chairs, Bui, T. X. and Sprague Jr. R. H., Department of IT Management, Shidler College of Business, University of Hawaii at Manoa, pp. 3919-3927. Mini track - The Internet of Everything: Connecting People, Things, and Data. ISSN: 1530-1605 ISBN: 978-0-7695-5670-3. DOI: 10.1109/HICSS.2016.487 N.B. See Academic Awards section Ross, H. F. & Harrison, T. (2015) ‘Corporate Social Responsibility and Non-Financial Disclosure - The need for reporting guidelines to be based on simplicity, comparability and accessibility - A Structured Abstract’. Academy of Marketing Science Annual Conference, Denver, Colorado, USA (12-14 May). In K.K. Kim (ed.), Celebrating America’s Pastimes: Baseball, Hot Dogs, Apple Pie and Marketing?, Developments in Marketing Science: Proceedings of the Academy of Marketing Science, pp. 675-680. DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-26647-3_137 Ross, H.F. (2014) ‘The rise and fall of Corporate Social Responsibility and sustainability motivation in consumer behaviour‘. 2nd International Marketing Conference - Contemporary Thinking in Marketing Theory, University of Edinburgh Business School (4-5 December) Ross, H.F. (2014) 'Too much information: the ever-increasing user journey for sustainability data in the fashion sector'. 3rd International Research Conference in Marketing: Marketing theory - past, present & future, The University of Strathclyde, Business School, Scotland (15 May). N.B. See Academic Awards section iv Ross, H.F. (2013) ‘The three concentric circles model for sustainability disclosure – a proposed framework for the fashion sector’. The 10th (annual) International Conference for Consumer Behaviour and Retailing Research, Viana do Castelo, Portugal (3-6 April) Iwanow, H. (2010) ‘The garment label and its potential marketing messages; is anyone listening?’ Fashion: Sustainability and Creativity, 12th Annual Conference for the International Foundation of Fashion Technology Institutes (IFFTI). Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan pp. 141-150. (23- 26 March) Iwanow H. (2008) ‘The promotion of social efficiency measures through Corporate Social Responsibility policies and their influence on apparel purchase behaviour’ Fashion and Textiles: Heading towards new horizons The 86th Textile Institute World Conference. Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong (18-21 November) N.B. See Academic Awards section. Iwanow, H. (2008) ‘The growth of eclectic consumption by the contemporary consumer in the United Kingdom and its impact on fashion marketing strategy’. The Body: Connections with Fashion: 10th Annual Conference for the International Foundation of Fashion Technology Institutes (IFFTI) RMIT University, Melbourne (8-9 March) Iwanow, H. (2007) ‘Greenwashing in the fashion sector: the consumer’s perception of ethical issues in the global supply chain’. Dressing Rooms: Current Perspectives on Fashion and Textiles Conference Oslo University College, Oslo (14-16 May) JOURNAL PAPERS Ross, H.F. (2014) ‘Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure – The Three Concentric Circles Model - a proposed framework for classifying sustainability initiatives in the fashion supply-chain’. International Journal of Business and Globalisation. Vol. 13, No. 1, pp. 76-90 (ISSN online: 1753- 3635 ISSN print: 1753-3627) DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/IJBG.2014.063396 Iwanow, H., McEachern, M.G., & Jeffery, A (2005) ‘The Influence of Ethical Trading Policies on Consumer Apparel Purchase Decisions: A Focus on Gap Inc.’ International Journal of Retail and Distribution Management. Vol. 33, No. 5, pp. 371-387 (ISSN: 0959-0552) DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09590550510596740 N.B.