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: SU^I^VY, ? 1908. 22 a^^^A^k^yi^S(^^GALL^. aiECE^rBER27 GOMEZ RECOGNIZED WELSH TOOBSERVE VENEZUELA'S HEAD ANCIENTCUSTOM ' Literary Festival ] Proves Ritual Is Planned by Welsh Musical and Bloodless Revolution - |- 1 \u25a0 . Most Popular in History of Eisteddfod Fete With Ancient Will Be Held With Old the Southern Republic Ritualism Be Given in \ Castro's Message to Former Eisteddfod Will t jAfterChristmas Sale Minister Derided and Prop* King Solomon's Hall on ;: < erty Liable to Seizure ; New Year's Day •j 23 (via With the ancient ritual of « Muslin Underwear CARACAS. Wednesday. Dec. — Ilegend, the people of Wales residing in j Trinidad, 2C). port of Spain, Dec. The ' the bay counties willassemble in King .presidency of Juan Vicente Gomez has Solomon's\hall, street t>y the country at large, !Fillmore . near^,' 'bern receivod 1 OF Vene- Sutter, New Year's day and celebrate If ANNUAL CLEARANCE unofficially, officially and and < most their Eisteddfod, or musical and liter- zuela is through with one of the of ary festival. This celebration has a ; FRENCH AND AMERICAN "popular revolutions in the annals traditional' history running back to republic, a revolution In which not Hie "~ 8.C., and a direct: historical ex- < one drop of blood was shed. U~~- 1180. authority of President Gomez is ist'ence traced the Eisteddfod The from \u25ba accepted as supremo. Even General held at Deganwy, North Wales, in 540 Gowns, Chemises, Drawers, • Castro, brother of the former Olestino Consecutively president, who was chief of the depart- A. D. sin^e then has the . Taehira,' has turned over to ancient custom ;been observed. Now ment at in native land alter- new military commander of that the festival its the nates from year. to year between North , Corset Covers and Petticoats district all the arms and ammunition t C,OOO and South Wales. From 12,000 to 15,000 •In his possession, amounting to- , and 3.<H'0.000 rounds of ammuni- annually attend these Eisteddfod com-- rifles petitions, at which, the successful bard tion. « \u25a0 is.,Vchaired,*'/as expressed. ; Castro's acceptance of the the; honor. ls - . AT HALF PRICE Celestino Valuable money also new regime is regarded as final and prizes are awarded. evidence that his brother Is These festivals perpetuate in the Welsh < Conclusive factor in the political situ- towns the love of music and poetry. r.o longer a will be ation. • The San Francisco" festival a counterpart of-the Welsh celebra- FORMER PRESIDKVT SLED tion, even to "chairing" the bard. -A ; DRESS SILKS President Gomez' is showing in many magnificent jiand carved oak chair, now ways his desire to propitiate all lnter- on;; exhibition 7 at ;Hale Bros.', -store in rsts. promote business, both local and Market street, near Sixth, willbe given ENORMOUS REDUCTION foreign and improve foreign relations. the poet whose effort is deemed most ° «'ipriano Castro is being sued in the worthy. is a replica This chair of Novelty Chiffon, Voile, Marquisette and Rajah,* Caracas courts for moneys and prop- the poetic seat awarded inWales. The ierty svll^ged to have been obtained ceremony of chairing, the bard will be Former prices $3.00, $2.50 and $2.00 a v.-rorsfully. Among others. Mme. by his jj in tra- t* ' conducted fellow bards % M Crrspo. widow of former President garb and yard. Reduced to .. SuC ditional bardic' with ancient v . Crcspo. has brought action to recover ritual. , \u25a0-\u25a0'\u25a0\u25a0 tv.p years" rent of the Miraflores palace A Welsh sketch is being prepared for \u25a0 [ Novelty French Plaids, Fancy Shantung and Tussah. in Caracas. This beautiful building presentation at the evening celebration. was? erected by her husband when he In itwillappear Miss Gwen Williams, .Former prices $2.50 to $2.00 a yard. wap president, and it has been used by Miss Annie, Williams, Miss 'Mary Rob- .....$ -ft . "- \u2666Jipri.iiio Castro since his triumphant erts, Miss Sarah Timothy,Edward Mor- | Reduced to I.IU entry into Caracas nine years ago. ris, GriffithRoberts. Thomas Davis and Thoxe various actions probably will Sanruel Phillips/: In the evening there .result in Cipriano Castro losing prop- will be a choral contest for mixed erty worth $2,000,000. which he left voices on^the test piece, "How Amiable • Venezuela, when he for Thy it| DRESS GOODS behind Su sailed Are Tabernacles." ..The' male voice WOOLEN •franco about a month ago. contest wil.be on "Dies Irae." The :.The doors of Venezuela have been test piece for the soprano, solo compe- THIS SEASON'S opened to all Venezu«lans residing tition is "The Spotless Dove," for the ALL abroad and all agitators have been tenor solo "The, Ship and the Light- ursred to return. house," the .barytone solo, "Sheath the {) Novelty Patterns Participants to next Friday at at King hall, Sword," juvenile compe- Dress CATTLE MOXOPOLY ABOL^IIED in Welsh sketch be rendered Eisteddfod' • Solomon's and and for the famous carved chair which bard be throned. tition "The Flag of the Free." Thf cattle monopoly maintained for in — will Morris, Palo Alto; i;:avy. yfax's by Cipriano Castro has Upper row, left to right Edward Morris, Miss Annie Williams, Griffith Roberts, Miss Mary Roberts, J. J. William Bal- so • nav««, San Francisco, and Clement a> been Abolished :uid the press has been Thomas Davis. Rowlands, Oakland,' ;will 25 Oil political Williams, Timothy. be the .musi- given its freedom. All the Lower row—Miss Gwen Samuel Phillips, Miss Sarah - Also photo of Prof. Thomas adjudictators to in- land, cal whom will be .prisorftjrs in the excepting the Price, who will preside over the festivities. trusted the task of awarding the prizes. STOCK PRICES jiK-n who vrcre connected with the re- REGULAR " Clement Rowlands' will sing at both \u25a0ceiit plot to assassinate President meetings. freed, was a dry. goods and general store at afternoon and evening The . Gomez, have been and the presi- Jackson, in chairmen the afternoon sessions will lias settled the dispute with his which he was killed. at y dent A Judge Har- be Prof. D. R. Jones and Rev. Griffith neighbor on the west, States week before. his death MEN'S FURNISHING BARGAINS the United TO gis purchased a $1,000 casket in Louis- STATE NOT HAVEN Griffiths of Oakland. In the evening of JURY UNABLE Colombia. ville. Rev. David J. Evans, Grace church, ••••-• . This difficulty had existed for many preside: > n0w years and \ Prof. Thomas Price will 50c Men's SilkNeckwear .... 25C and arose over a contested but both meetings' will be, conducted '\ boundary line. A decree issued today MINER RESISTS GERMANY'S by Rev. J. S. Thomas, Howard Presby- $2.00 Men's Neck- ojwnctl the Zulia river to Colombian DECIDE CASE ° $1.00, $1.50 and French HARGIS FOR CRIMINALS terian church, and-lallydd Hughes, navigution and restores frontier ATTEMPT AT EXTRADITION Oak- the land. : wear now ............ OOC at Villa . 'i. ...... custom house Misar. *- - Jose do J. Pa til, who was minister .. \u25a0,\u25a0•\u25a0.--\u25a0.-• Disagreement Reported io Trial ... Washington's Executive '.MISSION".PARLOR'S CHRISTMAS $2.00 White and Colored .*. of foreign affairs in the Castro cabi- Case Promises to Assume Inter- Re= °\ V51.50 and Men's ft jK-t. received tv.o days ago a dispatch .. The Christmas -tree party tendered now . ••• • • $1.1 from Cipriano Castro at Berlin, read- of Son for the Murder of national Importance; Like plies to Criticism of New by Mission parlor No. 38." to the mem- Shirts .... v V ing as follows: That of Russian bers ana their families in Swedish hall "Declare the Dutch warships pirates. Kentucky Jurist Jersey's Governor a'fe*y days ago was a very pleasant af- Suspend , the payments to the;- powers CHICAGO, Dec.* 2?.—Karl Tomczyk.a fair.IK.B.Cohn, a member of the parlor, undwr the Washington protocoL Iam Polish miner whose arrest was ordered was in costume as the representative of forwarding you a. solution of diffi- — by state department at the request Santa Claus and made each little one ;||l| WHITE BLANKETS the IRVINE,Ky., Dec. 26. The. jurors In the NEWARK, X. Dec. 26.—Governor nuts, culty." of J.. glad with a bag of candies nd rai- Hargis, charged with the German government on a charge today made public a long letter sins and a present suited to sex. Dur- The communication has been received the case of Beach of robbery and Fort^ : V For three-quarter and double beds. For- James attempted murder in from Governor Mead of the -state of ing the evening' W. J. Gullfoyle deliv- here with ridicule. the murder of his father. Judge Bochum, Prussia, fight Washington explaining ered a appropriate to the threatens to ex- ' why riot short address mer prices $6.50 $7.00. inability to he did season President J. t and Now S5 45 reported ; and introduced* J. Castro Watches Skaters J. Hargis, their tradition with as much energy as honor the requisition for Elliott A. evening, — were Rudovltz,. Archer, wanted in this city on charges Butler as the chairman' of the BERLIN, 26. agree this afternoon and dis- Christian who is; wanted by a program of Dec. Senor Castro went the Russian of<forgery amounting, $70,000. '\u25a0- after WhicbJ there was out today for first time en- charged. "The jury stood nine for ac- government and whose to -. entertainment, those contributing .to the since case has become -one of International Besides declaring^' there was no evi- being: Butler, tering \u25a0 • > -' this W. A. the Yankee y Dr. Israel's hospital. He made quittal and three for conviction. ,• importance; •'. dence except the requisition Take pur autobus at Sutter and Van Ness.
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    La participación del Zulia y Los Andes en el Proyecto de Rehabilitación Autonomista... Ferrer, Dilian ÁGORA -Trujillo.Venezuela. ISSN 1316-7790-AÑO 10- N° 19-ENERO-JUNIO-2007. 133-160 La Participación del Zulia y Los Andes en El Proyecto de Rehabilitación Autonomista de Ignacio Andrade Ferrer Dilian * RESUMEN El sistema de gobierno venezolano en el siglo XIX adoptó una forma de organización que generó confrontaciones desde el inicio de la república; conllevando éste a un desequilibrio político caracterizado por individualismos y grupismos. Se intenta mostrar en el presente documento algunos elementos de la polarización de este contexto sociopolítico, representados por el centralismo y el federalismo; a partir de lo cual se desdibuja un siglo XIX marcado por la profundización de este antagonismo político. Se muestra con el estudio algunos eventos que exaltan la ventaja del centralismo sobre el federalismo, ocasionando la extensión de las luchas por los derechos obtenidos en la constitución federal. Se argumentan muchas de la razones por las cuales los postulados federales fueron usados como argumentos para mantener la fuerza del discurso político y el centro de las acciones que derivaron coyunturas políticas muy particulares durante el siglo XIX. Palabras clave: Centralismo, federalismo, Coyunturas políticas, siglo XIX * Centro de Estudios Históricos Universidad del Zulia. Maracaibo -Venezuela Recibido: 02-04-06 Aprobado: 15-04-06 133 La participación del Zulia y Los Andes en el Proyecto de Rehabilitación autonomista... Ferrer, Dilian ÁGORA -Trujillo.Venezuela. ISSN 1316-7790-AÑO 10- N° 19-ENERO-JUNIO-2007. 133-160 The Participation of Zulia and Andes in The Project of Rehabilitation Au- tonomist of Ignacio Andrade Abstract Venezuelan government's system in the 19th century adopted a form oforganization that generated confrontations since the beginning of the repub- lic; this contributed to a political imbalance characterized by individualisms and grouping.
  • Anarchy, State, and Dystopia: Venezuelan Economic Institutions Before The

    Anarchy, State, and Dystopia: Venezuelan Economic Institutions Before The

    Anarchy, State, and Dystopia: Venezuelan Economic Institutions before the Advent of Oil Francisco Rodríguez Adam J. Gomolin1 Abstract: This paper studies the evolution of Venezuelan economic institutions before the emergence of oil exploitation in 1920. We argue that by 1920 Venezuela had developed a highly centralized state and a professionalized military. These two institutions ensured that growing oil revenues would strengthen the state structure and protected Venezuela from the resource-conflict trap into which many oil-abundant countries have fallen. We also argue that the failure to develop institutions that could mediate between sectoral demands and the state, the subordination of property rights to political imperatives and the political dominance of the commercial-financial elite conditioned the nation’s response to the post-1920 influx of oil revenues. 1 Rodríguez (Corresponding author): Assistant Professor, Department of Economics and Latin American Studies Program, Wesleyan University, 238 Church Street, Middletown CT 06457. E-mail: [email protected]. Gomolin: Master of Public Policy Candidate, Richard & Rhoda Goldman School of Public Policy University of California, Berkeley, 2607 Hearst Avenue, Berkeley, CA 94720-7320. E-mail: [email protected]. We are grateful to María Eugenia Boza, Manuel Caballero, Yoston Ferrigni, Ricardo Hausmann, Elías Pino Iturrieta, Scott Mainwaring, Francisco Monaldi, James McGuire, Richard Obuchi, Daniel Ortega, Jaime Ros, Alberto Unanue, Eduardo Zambrano and participants at seminars at Banco Central de Venezuela and the University of Notre Dame for comments and suggestions, as well as to Homero Gutiérrez and Mónica García for first-rate research assistance. The research for this work was conducted in part while Rodríguez was a Visiting Fellow at the Kellogg Institute for International Studies of the University of Notre Dame and a Professor at the Instituto de Estudios Superiores de Administración.