DOCSLIB.ORG

World Bank Document

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
World Bank Document Document of The World Bank Public Disclosure Authorized FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Report No: 38158-ET PROJECT APPRAISAL DOCUMENT ON A PROPOSED CREDIT IN THE AMOUNT OF SDR 86.0 MILLION Public Disclosure Authorized (US$130 MILLION EQUIVALENT) TO THE FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA FOR A SECOND ELECTRICITY ACCESS RURAL EXPANSION PROJECT Public Disclosure Authorized June 7,2007 Energy Team Sustainable Development Department Africa Region Public Disclosure Authorized This document has a restricted distribution and may be used by recipients only in the performance oftheir official duties. Its contents may not otherwise be disclosed without World Bank authorization. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (Exchange Rate Effective March 3 1,2007) Currency Unit = Ethiopian Birr ETB8.89 = US$l US$1.51326 = 1 SDR FISCAL YEAR July 8 - July 7 ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ADLI Agricultural Development and Light Industrialization AfDB African Development Bank APL Adaptable Program Loan BADEA Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa CASASN Country Assistance StrategyAnterim Strategy Note CDD Community Driven Development CDM Clean Development Mechanism CFL Compact Fluorescent Lamp DBE Development Bank of Ethiopia DSCR Debt Service Coverage Ratio DSM Demand Side Management EAREP I1 Second Electricity Access Rural Expansion Project EEPCo Ethiopian Electric Power Corporation EIRR Economic Internal Rate of Return EMCP Expenditure Management and Control Sub-program EMP Environmental Management Plan EEA Ethiopian Electric Agency EMU EEPCo’s Environmental Monitoring Unit ENTRO Eastern Nile Technical Regional Office EPA Ethiopian Environmental Protection Authority EPSEMP Ethiopian Power System Expansion Master Plan EREDPC Ethiopia Rural Energy Development and Promotion Center ESMF Environmental and Social Management Framework ETB Ethiopian Birr FA Fiduciary Assessment FIRR Financial Internal Rate of Return FRR Financial Rate of Return FY EEPCo’s fiscal year, beginning July 8 and ending July 7 GDP Gross Domestic Product GoE Government of Ethiopia GNI Gross National Income GPOBA Global Partnership Output Based Aid ICAS Interim Country Assistance Strategy ICs National Interconnected System, namely the interconnected electricity grid IDA InternationalDevelopment Association .. 11 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY IFPRI InternationalFood Policy Research Institute IPP Independent Power Producer Iu ImplementationUnit JBAR Joint Budget and Aid Review JB S Joint Budget Study LED Light Emitting Diode LBOP Lighting the Bottom ofthe Pyramid LRAIC Long Run Average Incremental Cost LRMC Long Run Marginal Cost Large Towns Towns with populations ranging from 4,000-1 5,000 MDGs Millennium Development Goals MFI Micro Financing Institution MW Megawatt NBE National Bank of Ethiopia NPV Net Present Value O&M Operation & Maintenance OBA Output Based Aid PASDEP Plan for Accelerated and Sustainable Development to End Poverty PEFA Public Expenditure and Financial Assessment PFM Public Financial Management POM Project Operational Manual PSCAP Public Sector Capacity Building Program PV Photovoltaic RAP Resettlement Action Plan RE Rural Electrification REB Rural ElectrificationBoard REES Rural ElectrificationExecutive Secretariat REF Rural ElectrificationFund ROE Return on Equity RPF Resettlement Policy Framework for the Project, dated February 2006 Rural Towns Large and small towns and villages scs Self Contained Systems, namely isolated electricity grids SDPRP Sustainable Development and Poverty ReductionProgram Small Towns Towns with populations ranging from 1,500 to 4,000 SRMC Short Run Marginal Cost SSMP Sustainable Solar Market Package SWAP Sector Wide Approach ToU Time of Use Rates UEAP Universal Electricity Access Program UEAP Office Universal Electricity Access Program Office, within EEPCo Villages Towns with populations of less than 1,500 5YPSIP Five Year Power Sector Investment Plan Vice President: Obiageli Katryn Ezekwesili Country Director: Ishac Diwan Sector Manager: S. Vijay Iyer Task Team Leader: Luiz Maurer This document has a restricted distribution and may be used by recipients only in the performance of their official duties. Its contents may not be otherwise disclosed without World Bank authorization. ETHIOPIA SECOND ELECTRICITY ACCESS RURAL EXPANSION PROJECT TABLE OF CONTENTS Page A. STRATEGIC CONTEXT AND RATIONALE.................................................................. 1 1. Country and Sector Issues ....................................................................................................... 1 2 . Rationale for Bank Involvement ............................................................................................. 9 3. Higher Level Objectives to which the Project Contributes ................................................... 10 B. PROJECT DESCRIPTION ............................................................................................... 10 1. Lending Instrument ............................................................................................................... 10 2 . Project Development Objective and Key Indicators ............................................................. 11 3 . Project Components .............................................................................................................. 11 4 . Lessons Learned and Reflected in the Project Design .......................................................... 13 5. Alternatives Considered and Reasons for Rejection., ........................................................... 15 C. IMPLEMENTATION......................................................................................................... 15 1. Partnership Arrangements (ifapplicable) ............................................................................. 15 2 . Institutional and Implementation Arrangements................................................................... 16 3 . Monitoring and Evaluation of OutcomesResults ................................................................. 17 4 . Sustainability ......................................................................................................................... 17 5 . Critical Risks and Possible Controversial Aspects ............................................................... 18 6. Credit Conditions and Covenants.......................................................................................... 19 D. APPRAISAL SUMMARY .................................................................................................. 20 1. Economic and Financial Analyses ........................................................................................ 20 A . Economic Analysis .......................................................................................................... -21 B. Financial Analysis ............................................................................................................... 26 2 . Technical ............................................................................................................................... 30 3 . Fiduciary ............................................................................................................................... 31 4 . Social ..................................................................................................................................... 32 5 . Environment .......................................................................................................................... 32 6. Safeguard Policies ................................................................................................................. 33 7. Policy Exceptions and Readiness .......................................................................................... 34 iv Annex 1: Country and Sector or Program Background ............................................. 35 Annex 2: Major Related Projects Financed by the Bank and/or other Agencies ..... 50 Annex 3: Results Framework and Monitoring............................................................. 53 Annex 4: Detailed Project Description.......................................................................... 55 Annex 5: Project Costs .................................................................................................... 66 Annex 6: Implementation Arrangements ..................................................................... 67 Annex 7: Financial Management and Disbursement Arrangements ......................... 81 Annex 8: Procurement Arrangements ......................................................................... 90 Annex 9: Economic and Financial Analysis.................................................................. 99 Annex 10: Safeguards Policy Issues ............................................................................ 124 Annex 11: Project Preparation and Supervision........................................................ 126 Annex 12: Documents in the Project File.................................................................... 128 Annex 13: Statement of Loans and Credits ................................................................ 130 Annex 14: Country at a Glance................................................................................... 132 Annex 15: Map (IBRD 35496) ..................................................................................... 134 V ETHIOPIA SECOND ELECTRICITY ACCESS RURAL EXPANSION PROJECT PROJECT APPRAISAL DOCUMENT AFRICA AFTEG Date: June 7,2007 Team Leader: Luiz Maurer Country Director: Ishac Diwan Sectors:
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Intergovernmental Authority on Development and East African
    Intergovernmental Authority on Development & East African Community: Viability of Merger Andualem Zewdie, Ethiopian Civil Service University Abstract Constituting a regional economic community has immense benefits to the societies within a given region. Regional Economic Communities (RECs) would play an inevitable role in increasing people to people interactions and gradually forging interdependence in different sectors, which used to limit government to government. Often, such bondage within given RECs among states in general and societies in particular paves the way to address the ills of the respective societies in a collaborative manner. In fact, it is plausible to argue that there is a conducive environment to constitute and build up RECs in the present globalizing world. Parallel to the global trend, Pan Africanism promotes the integration of economies and people under RECs. The establishment and development of RECs in different parts of Africa is among other things tantamount to laying the founding blocs for the aspired United States of Africa. Merging the Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD) and East African Community (EAC) into the larger East African Community like it has been happening in the Southern African Development Community (SADC) and Economic Community of Western African States (ECOWAS) is a novel idea. Such a merger would serve as a vehicle for a prosperous and peaceful larger East African Community and consequently would facilitate the integration of Africa. Given that, the research is designed to scrutinize the viability of a merger between the IGAD and EAC. To meet this objective, the study has set out two basic research questions: What are the viable conditions to merge the IGAD and EAC? What are the possible challenges to the merger of the IGAD and EAC? Finally, the study, to achieve its objective, employed a qualitative research approach which used a wider review of secondary data.
    [Show full text]
  • The Sustainable Development Impact of Two Wind Farms in Ethiopia
    YANNING CHEN A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS: THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IMPACT OF TWO WIND FARMS IN ETHIOPIA WORKING PAPER 7 November 2016 SAIS China-Africa Research Initiative Working Paper Series Abstract This paper evaluates the sustainable development impact of Chinese energy projects in Africa, focusing specifically on HydroChina’s involvement in the Adama Wind Farm project in Ethiopia. It compares HydroChina’s practice to that of Vergnet, a French firm involved in the construction and financing of the Ashegoda Wind Farm. Sustainable development impact is evaluated along three dimensions: environmental and social impact, technology transfer, and employment creation. Since the exponential growth of Chinese-financed energy projects in Africa, the international media and politicians have singled out Chinese companies for their involvement in projects with poor sustainable development benefits. Many attribute the poor delivery and outcomes to donor country characteristics. Yet, little research has explored how stakeholders can influence sustainable development impact. This paper aims to fill in this gap. Through interviews with key stakeholders and detailed analysis of the negotiation and construction processes in both projects, the research presented here shows that the Chinese- financed and constructed Adama Wind Farm provided similar sustainable development benefits as the French-financed and constructed Ashegoda Wind Farm. Moreover, I find that donor country characteristics are not the main determinants of sustainable development impact. Rather, the host country has can play a crucial role in maximizing sustainable development benefits through targeted policy action. The research for this publication was funded by a fellowship from the China-Africa Research Initiative at Johns Hopkins University’s School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS-CARI).
    [Show full text]
  • Energy Sector Status and Hydropower Development in the Eastern Nile Basin
    Open Access Library Journal 2021, Volume 8, e7338 ISSN Online: 2333-9721 ISSN Print: 2333-9705 Energy Sector Status and Hydropower Development in the Eastern Nile Basin Habtamu Diriba1, Fengting Li2* 1College of Environmental Science and Engineering, UNEP-Tongji Institute of Environment for Sustainable Development, Tongji University, Shanghai, China 2College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse Study, Tongji University, Shanghai, China How to cite this paper: Diriba, H. and Li, Abstract F.T. (2021) Energy Sector Status and Hydropower Development in the Eastern Water has historically been used by humans for several purposes, such as Nile Basin. Open Access Library Journal, 8: power generation, domestic use, and irrigation. However, water management e7338. in the Nile Basin and, overall, in Africa faces social, technical, economic, po- https://doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1107338 litical, and environmental challenges. Energy consumption levels are directly Received: March 22, 2021 proportional to economic growth and development. The Nile Basin nations Accepted: April 4, 2021 have an estimated 140,000 megawatts (MW) of hydropower potential, but a Published: April 7, 2021 small fraction is exploited except for Egypt. Mainly, the Eastern Nile Basin has a vast resource for hydropower development. Nevertheless, currently, Copyright © 2021 by author(s) and Open Access Library Inc. there is high political tension between the main riparian’s nations (Egypt, This work is licensed under the Creative Sudan, and Ethiopia) on the allocation of Blue Nile water originating from Commons Attribution International Ethiopia. The purpose of this paper is to assess an overview of energy status License (CC BY 4.0).
    [Show full text]
  • Energy and Economic Growth in Ethiopia
    The Ethiopian Economy: Structure, Problems and Policy Issues ENERGY AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN ETHIOPIA Mengistu Teferra 1. ENERGY RESOURCES A comprehensive presentation of Ethiopia's energy resource is available in CESEN studies [CESEN 1986]. The following brief portrayal of these resources is based on those studies. 1.1 Hydro-energy The gross hydro-energy potential of the whole Ethiopian territory is in the order of 650 Twh/year which is estimated to be 8 per cent of Africa's potential. More than three-quarters of this potential is available from mountain reservoirs with flow regulation. About one-fifth of the hydro-energy is available as river plain flow. Between one-third and one-half of the total potential is due to the Blue Nile basin (280 Twh/year). The Blue Nile and the Omo basins taken together contribute close to 400 Twh/year to the gross potential. If exploited at 15 to 30 per cent of potential, the Blue Nile and the Omo basins could provide 70 to 120 Twh/year or about fifty times the present installed capacity in the hydro grid. 1.2 Geothermal Practically all of the geothermal potential in Ethiopia is contained in the Rift Valley extending along the thin (60 km wide) main Ethiopian rift. Based on the geotectonic environment, the nature and extent of the hydrothermal manifestations, the chemical composition of the fluids and geothermometric calculations, etc., available resources suitable for power production have been estimated at about 700 MW. 1.3 Natural Gas Significant natural gas resources have been discovered in the Ogaden region of eastern Ethiopia to the extent of at least 30 to 60 billion m3, giving rise to considerable expectations of oil and gas potential, thereby spurring exploration activity in the area.
    [Show full text]
  • Evaluating the Role of Policy for Electrification in Ethiopia
    Master thesis in Sustainable Development 2021/19 Examensarbete i Hållbar utveckling Evaluating the role of policy for electrification in Ethiopia Akram Yasin Abdulrahman DEPARTMENT OF EARTH SCIENCES INSTITUTIONEN FÖR GEOVETENSKAPER Master thesis in Sustainable Development 2021/19 Examensarbete i Hållbar utveckling Evaluating the Role of Policy for Electrification in Ethiopia Akram Yasin Abdulrahman Supervisor: Rhiannon Pugh Subject Reviewer: Girma Gebresenbet Copyright © Akram Yasin Abdulrahman and the Department of Earth Sciences, Uppsala University. Published at Department of Earth Sciences, Uppsala University (www.geo.uu.se), Uppsala, 2021. Contents List of Figures…………………………………………………………………………………………..ii List of Tables……………………………………………………………………………………………ii List of Acronyms……………………………………………………………………………………….iii Abstract………………………………………………………………………………………………….iv Summary…………………………………………………………………………………………………v 1. Introduction 1 2. Background 3 2.1. Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) 3 2.2. Ethiopia 4 2.2.1 Energy Status: Access to Electricity 5 2.2.2 Energy mix 6 2.2.3 Renewable Energy: 7 3. Literature Review and Theoretical Framework 8 3.1. Sustainable Energy Transitioning 8 3.2. Energy & Development – Regional Context of SSA 10 3.3. Policy for Renewable Energy & Electrification 11 3.4. Summary 13 4. Methods 13 4.1. Selection of case 13 4.2. Case Study Design 14 4.3. Content Analysis: Ethiopian Energy Policy 14 4.4. Interviews 16 4.5. Triangulation 17 4.6. Analysis of Empirical Findings 17 4.7. Ethics 19 4.8. Limitations 19 5. Results 19 5.1 Ethiopian Energy Policy 20 5.2 Sustainable Development 21 5.2.1 Environmental Degradation 22 5.2.2 Renewable Energy 23 5.2.3. Off-Grid Solutions 25 5.3 Financing (Private sector and Public investment).
    [Show full text]
  • Dynamic Role of Renewable Eenrgy to Strengthen Energy Security and Energy Poverty Reduction: Mediating Role of Low Carbon Finance
    Dynamic Role of Renewable Eenrgy to Strengthen Energy Security and Energy Poverty Reduction: Mediating Role of Low Carbon Finance Dinh van Tien Ha Noi University of Business and Technology (HUBT) Vinh Tuy Hai Ba Trung Ha Noi Thai Van Ha ( [email protected] ) Ha Nao university of business and Technology Vinh Tuy Hai Ba Trung Ha Noi Tran Duc Thuan Dong Nai University of Technology Thai Thi Kim Oanh Economics Department Vinh University Nguyen Phan Thu Hang Saigon University Vietnam Pham Thi Lan Phuong College of Agricultural Mechanics Vinh Phuc Viet Nam Research Article Keywords: Renewables, Africa, Energy security, Pooled effect analysis,Energy Access, Energy Supply Posted Date: February 9th, 2021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-160306/v1 License: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Read Full License 1 Dynamic Role of Renewable Eenrgy to Strengthen Energy Security and Energy 2 Poverty Reduction: Mediating Role of Low Carbon Finance 3 4 1 5 Dinh van Tien 6 Ha Noi University of Business and Technology (HUBT), Vinh Tuy, Hai Ba Trung, Ha Noi 7 Email: [email protected] 8 2 9 Thai Van Ha 10 Ha Noi University of Business and Technology (HUBT), Vinh Tuy, Hai Ba Trung, Ha Noi, 11 Email: [email protected] 12 3 13 Tran Duc Thuan 14 Dong Nai Technology University (DNTU), Bien Hoa City, Vietnam 15 Email: [email protected] 16 4 17 Thai Thi Kim Oanh 18 Economics Department, Vinh University (VU), Vinh City, Vietnam 19 Email: [email protected] 20 21 5 22 Nguyen Phan Thu Hang 23 Saigon University, Vietnam 24 Email:[email protected] 25 26 27 6 28 Pham Thi Lan Phuong 29 30 College of Agricultural Mechanics (CAM), Vinh Phuc, Vietnam 31 Email: [email protected] 32 33 *Corresponding Author : Thai Van Ha ([email protected]) 34 Abstract 35 This paper provides an empirical analysis of deploying renewables in Africa's five most populous 36 countries for 2001-2019.
    [Show full text]
  • Building the Market for Rural Electrification in Ethiopia a Mini-Grid Productive Use Assessment
    Building the Market for Rural Electrification in Ethiopia A mini-grid productive use assessment April 2020 DISCLAIMER This document is an output from the Mobilising Investment project, an initiative of the Climate and Development Knowledge Network (CDKN) and Low Emission Development Strategies Global Partnership (LEDS GP) contracted through SouthSouthNorth (SSN). The Mobilising Investment project is funded by the International Climate Initiative (IKI) of the German Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety (BMU), on the basis of a decision adopted by the German Bundestag. Delivery partners for the project include the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Overseas Development Institute (ODI) and PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC) UK. The views expressed are not necessarily those of, or endorsed by, BMU or any of the entities delivering the Mobilising Investment project, who can accept no responsibility or liability for such views or information, or for any reliance placed on them. This publication has been prepared for general guidance on matters of interest only and does not constitute professional advice. You should not act upon the information contained in this publication without obtaining specific professional advice. No representation or warranty (expressed or implied) is given as to the accuracy or completeness of the information contained in this publication, and, to the extent permitted by law, the entities managing the delivery of the Mobilising Investment project do not accept or assume any liability, responsibility or duty of care for any consequences of you or anyone else acting, or refraining to act, in reliance on the information contained in this publication or for any decision based on it.
    [Show full text]
  • Situation Analysis Study on Geothermal Development in Africa
    Situation Analysis Study on Geothermal Development in Africa October 2010 JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY WEST JAPAN ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS, INC. AFD JR 10-015 Table of Contents Volume 1 Current Situation of Geothermal Energy Development in Africa Chapter 1 Introduction ··················································································································· 1-1 Chapter 2 Expectations for Geothermal Energy Development in Africa········································· 2-1 Chapter 3 Overview of the East African Rift Countries ·································································· 3-1 Chapter 4 Kenya ···························································································································· 4-1 Chapter 5 Ethiopia ························································································································· 5-1 Chapter 6 Djibouti ··························································································································· 6-1 Chapter 7 Tanzania ·························································································································· 7-1 Chapter 8 Uganda ···························································································································· 8-1 Chapter 9 Assistance of Other Donor Organizations to Geothermal Development in the Region ·· 9-1 Volume 2 Promotion of Geothermal Energy Development in Africa Chapter 10 Expectations for Geothermal
    [Show full text]
  • Usaid Has of New Generation Capacity
    ANNUAL REPORT JULY 2014 LETTER FROM ANDREW M. HERSCOWITZ There is no doubt that Africa is on Through this initiative, we have attract that investment, and to ensure the rise.The continent is home to brought all of the tools and that investment flows continue to six of the top ten fastest growing capabilities of the U.S. Government rise.The response from the private economies in the world.The middle to bear to meet these ambitious sector, both from the U.S. and class is growing rapidly and leaders targets and to have a meaningful Africa, has been overwhelming. As across the continent are creating impact on Africa’s energy poverty. a result, Power Africa has helped more opportunities for their people President Obama and the heads of facilitate the financial close of than ever before. Child mortality rates each of the twelve participating private sector transactions which are declining, while life-expectancy U.S. Government agencies are expect to produce nearly 2,800 MW is increasing. leading this effort, and USAID has of new generation capacity. the honor of coordinating Power Despite these advances, challenges Africa — the first Presidential This private sector-led model for to Africa’s rapid pace of growth and initiative to be headquartered engaging countries is yielding results development remain. Approximately in Africa. around the world. As President 600 million Africans still lack access Obama said in Cape Town,“we are to electricity, affecting their access The U.S. Government cannot moving beyond the simple provision to quality health care and education, achieve these goals alone.
    [Show full text]
  • Renewable Energy 2020 Renewable Energy 2020
    Renewable Energy 2020 Energy Renewable Renewable Energy 2020 Contributing editor Eric Pogue Hunton Andrews Kurth LLP © Law Business Research 2019 © Law Business Research 2019 Publisher Tom Barnes [email protected] Subscriptions Claire Bagnall Renewable Energy [email protected] Senior business development managers Adam Sargent 2020 [email protected] Dan White [email protected] Contributing editor Published by Law Business Research Ltd Eric Pogue Meridian House, 34-35 Farringdon Street Hunton Andrews Kurth LLP London, EC4A 4HL, UK Tel: +44 20 3780 4147 Fax: +44 20 7229 6910 The information provided in this publication is general and may not apply in a specific Lexology Getting The Deal Through is delighted to publish the third edition of Renewable Energy, situation. Legal advice should always which is available in print and online at www.lexology.com/gtdt. be sought before taking any legal action Lexology Getting The Deal Through provides international expert analysis in key areas of based on the information provided. This law, practice and regulation for corporate counsel, cross-border legal practitioners, and company information is not intended to create, nor directors and officers. does receipt of it constitute, a lawyer– Throughout this edition, and following the unique Lexology Getting The Deal Through format, client relationship. The publishers and the same key questions are answered by leading practitioners in each of the jurisdictions featured. authors accept no responsibility for any Lexology Getting The Deal Through titles are published annually in print. Please ensure you acts or omissions contained herein. The information provided was verified between are referring to the latest edition or to the online version at www.lexology.com/gtdt.
    [Show full text]
  • Strengthening of the Geothermal Sector in Ethiopia
    Orkustofnun, Grensasvegur 9, Reports 2018 IS-108 Reykjavik, Iceland Number 31 STRENGTHENING OF THE GEOTHERMAL SECTOR IN ETHIOPIA Biniam Zerihun Amanu Ethiopian Electric Power Aluto Geothermal Project P.O. Box 1233 Addis Ababa ETHIOPIA [email protected] ABSTRACT The goal of this study is to analyse the current status of geothermal development in Ethiopia and explore a way to strengthen it. The objective is to study how to improve the electricity generation mix in Ethiopia with geothermal power and to analyse how substantial amounts of stable baseload power will increase the electricity sector’s reliability. Ethiopia has experienced strong economic growth over the past decade and is with an averaged- of around 10% growth per year the fastest growing economy in Africa. Today about 20.6% of the population lives in urban centres, with the great majority of them living in Addis Ababa. Access to electricity in urban areas is 85.4% and 26.5% in rural areas. It has been estimated that Ethiopia has a geothermal power generation potential of up to 10,000 MW. The estimated potential is found in different places in the Ethiopian rift valley. A recent geothermal master plan study was conducted including 22 potential geothermal areas. Of these prospected areas the government of Ethiopia prioritizes 7 sites for the development of a geothermal project. Geothermal energy could reduce Ethiopian dependency on hydro power alternatives, helping to provide stable electricity and increase the energy security of the country. The government of Ethiopia recognizes that engagement with the private sector as Independent Power Producers (IPP) for power generation is crucial to meet the country’s needs and enabling the country to develop.
    [Show full text]
  • Low-Carbon Africa: Leapfrogging to a Green Future
    LOW-CARBON AFRICA: LEAPFROGGING TO A GREEN FUTURE Lead authors: Alison Doig and Mohamed Adow, Christian Aid November 2011 b Country case studies by: Partner organisations Kenya: Practical Action Consulting KITE Ghana: KITE KITE is a Ghanaian not-for-profit development organisation and South Africa: Economic Justice a leading actor in the energy, Network technology and environment Ethiopia: Ethio Resource Group sectors in Ghana and the West Practical Action Consulting (PAC) Africa subregion. Rwanda: Climate and Development is the consulting arm of the Centre, Smith School of Enterprise and international non-governmental the Environment, University of Oxford organisation Practical Action, which Economic Justice Network Nigeria: International Centre has been a leader in the field of development consultancy for more The Economic Justice Network for Energy, Environment and (EJN) is a project of FOCCISA, the Development (ICEED) than 40 years. Practical Action uses technology to challenge poverty, Fellowship of Christian Councils in Southern Africa. FOCISSA is an Full-length country case studies working with poor people around ecumenical organisation working are available from: the world. with 11 national councils of churches christianaid.org.uk/low-carbon-africa in southern Africa. EJN works to harness the resources of the southern African region for all of Lead authors its people, with a view to bringing about economic justice. Dr Alison Doig, Senior Adviser, Climate Change and Sustainable Development, Christian Aid Ethio Resource Group Alison has worked for 20 years in Ethio Resource Group (ERG) is a the international development and SJS Climate Associates is an consultancy group based in Addis environment sectors, specialising independent research consultancy Ababa, which works on energy in climate change and clean energy.
    [Show full text]