DOCSLIB.ORG

Hydrophilic Silane Properties Polar - Non-Hydrogen Bonding

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

*1028_Hydrophobicity_Cvr. 2011_Layout 1 3/20/11 9:42 PM Page 1 Cover background photo: Fluoroalkylsilane treated multi-color red granite is both hydrophobic and oleophobic. The Stenocara beetle, an African desert species, harvests water that adsorbs on superhydrophilic bumps on its back, then transfers droplets into superhydrophobic channels that lead to its mouth. GGeelleesstt IInncc.. 1111 EEaasstt SStteeeell RRooaadd MMoorrrriissvviillllee,, PPAA 1199006677 PPhhoonnee ((221155)) 554477--11001155 FFaaxx:: ((221155)) 554477--22448844 wwwwww..ggeelleesstt..ccoomm *1028_Hydrophobicity_Cvr. 2011_Layout 1 3/20/11 9:43 PM Page 2 Gelest, Inc. Gelest, Inc. Additional Product Information on Silanes & Silicones Telephone: General 215-547-1015 Order Entry 888-734-8344 For Material Science: Technical Service: 215-547-1016 5 H 2 H 5 Hydrophobicity, OC C 2 Micro-Particle Silane Coupling SiO CH 2 H 5 2 OC 2 FAX: 215-547-2484 CH Enabling Your Technology Hydrophilicity H 2 Surface Modification Agents NC H 2 Micro-Particle The surface properties of Surface Internet: www.gelest.com and Silane Silane coupling Silane Coupling Agents Modification Connecting Across Boundaries P CH CH micro-particles can be Surface 2 2Si(OC agents enhance 2H ) e-mail: [email protected] 5 3 altered to match the 3 Enhance Adhesion Modification adhesion, increase H Si(OEt) CH2 CH2C 2 HOCH 2 NCH 2 Increase Mechanical Properties requirements of various CH2 Correspondence: 11 East Steel Rd. OCH 2 Improve Dispersion Organosilanes are mechanical prop- H OC 2H5 OC H Provide Crosslinking applications. Surface 2 5 Innovating Particle C2H O SiC erties of compos- 5 H2CH Si OC Immobilize Catalysts used extensively 2 2H5 Functionalization Morrisville, PA 19067 Bind Biomaterials treatment services pro- © 2009 Gelest, Inc. OC2H O 5 C2H5 ites, improve Gelest provides chemistries and deposition technologies for micro-particle for modification of Version 2.0: vided on a custom basis New Coupling Agents modifications that dramatically enhance: N for Metal Substrates ! CH3 New Coupling Agents for Vapor Phase • Color • Rheological Behavior dispersion of pig- Deposition ! Si • Polarity • Photo, Chemical, Thermal Stability surface properties. New Coupling Agents at Gelest are described. OCH 3 for Proteins ! • Adhesion • Moisture & Corrosion Resistance For further information consult our web site at: www.gelest.com CH3O Dispersion Mechanical & Electrical Properties This 80-page ments and fillers This brochure reviews • • and immobilize catalysts and biomaterials. In Europe: For research quantities in Europe: brochure describes silane deposition technologies and silane chemistries This 48 page brochure describes chem- provided by Gelest that allow end-users to modify their surface modification with an emphasis on For commercial and istry, techniques, applications and physical micro-particles to achieve optimum surface properties Gelest Inc. making surfaces hydrophobic or hydrophilic properties of silane coupling agents. for composite, separation, dispersion and other bulk quantities contact: Stroofstrasse 27 Geb.2901 applications. 65933 Frankfurt am Main, Gelest Ltd. Germany 46 Pickering Street Silicone Fluids- Reactive Silicon Tel: +49-(0)-69-3800-2150 Stable, Inert Silicones - Compounds: REACTIVE SILICONES: Maidstone Media Forging New FORGING NEW POLYMER LINKS Silanes and Fax: +49-(0)-69-3800-2300 MATERIALS FOR: Adhesives Kent ME15 9RR Binders Design and Polymer Links Ceramic Coatings Silicones SILICON COMPOUNDS: Dielectric Coatings e-mail: [email protected] Encapsulants SILANES & SILICONES Gels Engineering prop- The 48 page Membranes Detailed chemical United Kingdom Optical Coatings Photolithography Polymer Synthesis Internet: www.gelestde.com erties for conven- brochure Sealants properties and Gel est Tel: +44(0)-1622-741115 tional silicone describes reactive reference articles SILICON CHEMICALS FOR: • SURFACE MODIFICATION Fax: +44(0)-8701-308421 • ORGANIC SYNTHESIS Exclusive for the United Kingdom fluids as well as silicones that can New! for over 1600 • OPTICAL COATINGS Expanded Silicone • POLYMER SYNTHESIS Macromers • SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS • CATALYSIS e-mail: [email protected] thermal, fluorosil- be formulated into compounds. The • COMPOSITES and Ireland: • NANOFABRICATION icone, hydrophilic coatings, mem- Enabling your technology 590 page catalog Fluorochem Ltd. and low tempera- branes, cured of silane and sili- Unit 14 Graphite Way ture grades are presented in a 24 page rubbers and adhesives for mechanical, cone chemistry includes scholarly reviews selection guide. The brochure provides optical, electronic and ceramic applica- as well as detailed information on various Rossington Park, Hadfield, data on thermal, rheological, electrical, tions. Information on reactions and cures applications. Derbyshire, SK13 1QH, United Kingdom mechanical and optical properties for of silicones as well as physical properties Tel: +44-(0)-1457-860111 silicones. Silicone fluids are available shortens product development time for in viscosities ranging from 0.65 to chemists and engineers. Fax: +44-(0)-1457-858912 2,500,000 cSt. internet: www.fluorochem.net In Japan: In South-East Asia: For Synthesis: For commercial and For commercial and research quantities contact: research quantities contact: Silicon-Based Silicon-Based Silicon-Based Blocking Reducing Agents Cross-Coupling These silicon- Gulf Chemical Agents Reagents AZmax Co. Ltd. Tokyo Office These silicon based reagents A variety of Matsuda Yaesudori, Bldg F8 39 Jalan Pemimpin reagents are are employed organosilanes 1-10-7 Hatchoubori, Chuo-Ku Tai Lee Industrial Building #04-03 used for func- in the reduction have been shown Tokyo 104-0032 Singapore 577182 tional group of various organic to enter into and inorganic Pd Tel: 65-6358-3185 protection, syn- cross-coupling Tel: 81-3-5543-1630 thesis and systems. The 24 protocols. This Fax: 65-6353-2542 page brochure Reagents For: Fax: 81-3-5543-0312 derivatization. 36 page brochure Carbon-Carbon Bond Formation, Introduction of Aryl, Vinyl and Ethynyl Groups e-mail: [email protected] e-mail: [email protected] The 28 page presents informa- with 105 refer- tion complete with literature references for on-line catalog: www.azmax.co.jp brochure presents detailed application ences reviews selected information on silylation reagents for a variety of reductions using organosilanes. approaches and some of the key aspects of pharmaceutical synthesis and analysis. the organosilane approach to cross-coupling Front Cover Photos: Water rolls off a duck’s back. Lotus leaves exhibit superhydrophobicity. Biological systems Detailed descriptions are presented on chemistry. An emphasis is placed on the are dependent on water, but at the same time must control the interaction. In a sense, all living organisms exhibit selectivity for reactions, resistance to more practical reactions. behaviors that can be described as both hydrophobic and hydrophilic. chemical transformations and selective deblocking conditions. Over 300 refer- ences are provided. Sales of all products listed are subject to the published terms and conditions of Gelest, Inc. *1028_Hydrophobicity 2011_Silane Coupling Agents-2003 2/23/11 7:49 PM Page 1 Gelest, Inc. Hydrophobicity, Hydrophilicity and Silane Surface Modification by Barry Arkles TABLE OF CONTENTS Silanes and Surface Modification . 2 Water, Hydrophobicity and Hydrophilicity . 3 Wettability and Contact Angle . 4 Critical Surface Tension and Adhesion . 5 How does a Silane Modify a Surface? . .6 Selecting a Silane for Surface Modification . 7 Hydrophobic Surface Treatments . 8 Superhydrophobicity and Oleophobicity . 9 Hydrophilic Surface Treatments . 10 Range of Wa ter Interaction with Surfaces . 11 Reacting with the Substrate . 12 Special Topics: Dipodal Silanes . 13 Linker Length. 14 Embedded/Tipped Polarity . 15 Partition, Orientation and Self-Assembly in Bonded Phases . 16 Modification of Metal Substrates . 17 Difficult Substrates . 18 Applying a Silane Surface Treatment . 19 Biomimetic Silane Surface Treatments . 21 Alkylphosphonic Acid Surface Treatments . 21 Hydrophobic Silane Selection Guide. 22 Silane Properties: Hydrophobic Silanes . 30 Hydrophobic Silanes - Dipodal . 60 Hydrophobic Silanes - Polymeric . 63 Hydrophilic Silanes - Polar . 64 Hydrophilic Silanes - Hydrogen Bonding . 66 Hydrophilic Silanes - Hydroxylic . 71 Hydrophilic Silanes - Ionic / Charge Inducible. 72 Hydrophilic Silanes - Polymeric . 74 Hydrophilic Silanes - Epoxy / Masked . 76 Silyl Hydrides . 77 UV Active and Fluorescent Silanes . 78 References . 80 Hydrophobicity, Hydrophilicity and Silane Surface Modification Barry Arkles ©2011 Gelest, Inc. (215) 547-1015 FAX: (215) 547-2484 www.gelest.com 1 *1028_Hydrophobicity 2011_Silane Coupling Agents-2003 2/23/11 7:49 PM Page 2 Gelest, Inc. Silanes and Surface Modification Silanes are silicon chemicals that possess a hydrolytically sensitive center that can react with inorganic substrates such as glass to form stable covalent bonds and possess an organic substitution that alters the physical interactions of treated substrates. OCH2CH3 CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2— Si— OCH2CH3 OCH2CH3 organic substitution allows permanent property modification hydrolyzable alkoxy (alcohol) groups Property modifications include: Applications include: Hydrophobicity Architectural Coatings Adhesion Water-Repellents Release Anti-stiction Coatings for MEMs Dielectric Mineral Surface Treatments Absorption Fillers for Composites Orientation Pigment Dispersants Hydrophilicity Dielectric
Recommended publications
  • Progresses in Synthesis and Application of Sic Films: from CVD to ALD and from MEMS to NEMS

    Progresses in Synthesis and Application of Sic Films: from CVD to ALD and from MEMS to NEMS

    micromachines Review Progresses in Synthesis and Application of SiC Films: From CVD to ALD and from MEMS to NEMS Mariana Fraga 1,* and Rodrigo Pessoa 2,* 1 Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia (ICT), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp), São José dos Campos SP 12231-280, Brazil 2 Laboratório de Plasmas e Processos (LPP), Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica (ITA), São José dos Campos SP 12228-900, Brazil * Correspondence: [email protected] (M.F.); [email protected] (R.P.) Received: 2 August 2020; Accepted: 20 August 2020; Published: 24 August 2020 Abstract: A search of the recent literature reveals that there is a continuous growth of scientific publications on the development of chemical vapor deposition (CVD) processes for silicon carbide (SiC) films and their promising applications in micro- and nanoelectromechanical systems (MEMS/NEMS) devices. In recent years, considerable effort has been devoted to deposit high-quality SiC films on large areas enabling the low-cost fabrication methods of MEMS/NEMS sensors. The relatively high temperatures involved in CVD SiC growth are a drawback and studies have been made to develop low-temperature CVD processes. In this respect, atomic layer deposition (ALD), a modified CVD process promising for nanotechnology fabrication techniques, has attracted attention due to the deposition of thin films at low temperatures and additional benefits, such as excellent uniformity, conformability, good reproducibility, large area, and batch capability. This review article focuses on the recent advances in the strategies for the CVD of SiC films, with a special emphasis on low-temperature processes, as well as ALD. In addition, we summarize the applications of CVD SiC films in MEMS/NEMS devices and prospects for advancement of the CVD SiC technology.
  • Use of Solvents for Pahs Extraction and Enhancement of the Pahs Bioremediation in Coal- Tar-Contaminated Soils Pak-Hing Lee Iowa State University

    Use of Solvents for Pahs Extraction and Enhancement of the Pahs Bioremediation in Coal- Tar-Contaminated Soils Pak-Hing Lee Iowa State University

    Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Retrospective Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 2000 Use of solvents for PAHs extraction and enhancement of the PAHs bioremediation in coal- tar-contaminated soils Pak-Hing Lee Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd Part of the Environmental Engineering Commons Recommended Citation Lee, Pak-Hing, "Use of solvents for PAHs extraction and enhancement of the PAHs bioremediation in coal-tar-contaminated soils " (2000). Retrospective Theses and Dissertations. 13912. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd/13912 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Retrospective Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter fece, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quaiity of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substeindard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlilcely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion.
  • Transport of Dangerous Goods

    Transport of Dangerous Goods

    ST/SG/AC.10/1/Rev.16 (Vol.I) Recommendations on the TRANSPORT OF DANGEROUS GOODS Model Regulations Volume I Sixteenth revised edition UNITED NATIONS New York and Geneva, 2009 NOTE The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. ST/SG/AC.10/1/Rev.16 (Vol.I) Copyright © United Nations, 2009 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may, for sales purposes, be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, electrostatic, magnetic tape, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without prior permission in writing from the United Nations. UNITED NATIONS Sales No. E.09.VIII.2 ISBN 978-92-1-139136-7 (complete set of two volumes) ISSN 1014-5753 Volumes I and II not to be sold separately FOREWORD The Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods are addressed to governments and to the international organizations concerned with safety in the transport of dangerous goods. The first version, prepared by the United Nations Economic and Social Council's Committee of Experts on the Transport of Dangerous Goods, was published in 1956 (ST/ECA/43-E/CN.2/170). In response to developments in technology and the changing needs of users, they have been regularly amended and updated at succeeding sessions of the Committee of Experts pursuant to Resolution 645 G (XXIII) of 26 April 1957 of the Economic and Social Council and subsequent resolutions.
  • 02/06/2019 12:05 PM Appendix 3745-21-09 Appendix A

    02/06/2019 12:05 PM Appendix 3745-21-09 Appendix A

    ACTION: Final EXISTING DATE: 02/06/2019 12:05 PM Appendix 3745-21-09 Appendix A List of Organic Chemicals for which Paragraphs (DD) and (EE) of Rule 3745-21-09 of the Administrative Code are Applicable Organic Chemical Organic Chemical Acetal Benzaldehyde Acetaldehyde Benzamide Acetaldol Benzene Acetamide Benzenedisulfonic acid Acetanilide Benzenesulfonic acid Acetic acid Benzil Acetic Anhydride Benzilic acid Acetone Benzoic acid Acetone cyanohydrin Benzoin Acetonitrile Benzonitrile Acetophenone Benzophenone Acetyl chloride Benzotrichloride Acetylene Benzoyl chloride Acrolein Benzyl alcohol Acrylamide Benzylamine Acrylic acid Benzyl benzoate Acrylonitrile Benzyl chloride Adipic acid Benzyl dichloride Adiponitrile Biphenyl Alkyl naphthalenes Bisphenol A Allyl alcohol Bromobenzene Allyl chloride Bromonaphthalene Aminobenzoic acid Butadiene Aminoethylethanolamine 1-butene p-aminophenol n-butyl acetate Amyl acetates n-butyl acrylate Amyl alcohols n-butyl alcohol Amyl amine s-butyl alcohol Amyl chloride t-butyl alcohol Amyl mercaptans n-butylamine Amyl phenol s-butylamine Aniline t-butylamine Aniline hydrochloride p-tertbutyl benzoic acid Anisidine 1,3-butylene glycol Anisole n-butyraldehyde Anthranilic acid Butyric acid Anthraquinone Butyric anhydride Butyronitrile Caprolactam APPENDIX p(183930) pa(324943) d: (715700) ra(553210) print date: 02/06/2019 12:05 PM 3745-21-09, Appendix A 2 Carbon disulfide Cyclohexene Carbon tetrabromide Cyclohexylamine Carbon tetrachloride Cyclooctadiene Cellulose acetate Decanol Chloroacetic acid Diacetone alcohol
  • Gas-Phase Chemistry of Methyl-Substituted Silanes in a Hot-Wire Chemical Vapour Deposition Process

    Gas-Phase Chemistry of Methyl-Substituted Silanes in a Hot-Wire Chemical Vapour Deposition Process

    University of Calgary PRISM: University of Calgary's Digital Repository Graduate Studies The Vault: Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2013-08-27 Gas-phase Chemistry of Methyl-Substituted Silanes in a Hot-wire Chemical Vapour Deposition Process Toukabri, Rim Toukabri, R. (2013). Gas-phase Chemistry of Methyl-Substituted Silanes in a Hot-wire Chemical Vapour Deposition Process (Unpublished doctoral thesis). University of Calgary, Calgary, AB. doi:10.11575/PRISM/26257 http://hdl.handle.net/11023/891 doctoral thesis University of Calgary graduate students retain copyright ownership and moral rights for their thesis. You may use this material in any way that is permitted by the Copyright Act or through licensing that has been assigned to the document. For uses that are not allowable under copyright legislation or licensing, you are required to seek permission. Downloaded from PRISM: https://prism.ucalgary.ca UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY Gas-phase Chemistry of Methyl-Substituted Silanes in a Hot-wire Chemical Vapour Deposition Process by Rim Toukabri A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY CALGARY, ALBERTA August, 2013 © Rim Toukabri 2013 Abstract The primary decomposition and secondary gas-phase reactions of methyl- substituted silane molecules, including monomethylsilane (MMS), dimethylsilane (DMS), trimethylsilane (TriMS) and tetramethylsilane (TMS), in hot-wire chemical vapour deposition (HWCVD) processes have been studied using laser ionization methods in combination with time of flight mass spectrometry (TOF-MS). For all four molecules, methyl radical formation and hydrogen molecule formation have been found to be the common decomposition steps on both tungsten (W) and tantalum (Ta) filaments.
  • UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE PROCESS of PREPARING 2,2-DIPHENYL-3- TRILEMETHYL-4-Dimethylamino-BUTYRONI Earl M

    UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE PROCESS of PREPARING 2,2-DIPHENYL-3- TRILEMETHYL-4-Dimethylamino-BUTYRONI Earl M

    Patented Aug. 19, 1952 2,607,794 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE PROCESS OF PREPARING 2,2-DIPHENYL-3- TRILEMETHYL-4-DIMETHYLAMINo-BUTYRONI Earl M. Chamberlin, Rahway, and Max Tishler, Westfield, N.J., assignors to Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, N.J., a corporation of New Jersey No Drawing. Application April 9, 1949, Seria No. 86,596 6 Claims. (CL 260-465) . 2 This invention relates to the manufacture of dimethylamino-butyronitrile (compound 5). Compounds possessing analgesic and anesthetic These reactions may be chemically represented action. In particular, it is concerned with an as follows: improved synthetic method for preparing 2,2-di phenyl 3-methyl-4-dimethylamino - butyronia CH3CHOHCHCl + RSO: C1 - cHipHCHCI trile and With novel chemical compounds useful Öso, R. as intermediates in the preparation of this come (1) (2) (3) pound. , 2,2-diphenyl-3-methyl - 4-dimethylami (C6H5)2CHCN no-butyronitrile is itself an important interne NaNH diate in the Synthesis of isoamidone, 1-dimethyl O amino-2-methyl-3,3-diphenylhexanone - 4 and (CH3)NH SaltS thereof. ISOamidone and its salts possess (C.H.)--HCH.N(CH), --- (CH)--HCH.Cl analgesic action and may be used as substitutes CE CH: for morphine. - N N 2,2-diphenyl-3-methyl - 4 - dimethylamino 5 (5) (4) butyronitrile has been prepared previously by The organic Sulfonyl chloride employed in the reacting 1-dimethylamino-2-chloropropane with foregoing reaction can be either an aromatic diphenylacetonitrile as described by Schultz et al. Sulfonyl chloride such as p-toluene sulfonyl chlo (J. A. C. S. 69, 188-189, Jan. 1947). As pointed ride, benzene Sulfonyl chloride and the like, or out by these workers, however, when 2,2-di 20 an aliphatic Sulfonyl chloride such as methane phenyl - 3 - methyl - 4-dimethlamino-butyroni Sulfonyl chloride.
  • Development of Novel Cycloaliphatic Siloxanes for Thermal

    Development of Novel Cycloaliphatic Siloxanes for Thermal

    DEVELOPMENT OF NOVEL CYCLOALIPHATIC SILOXANES FOR THERMAL AND UV-CURABLE APPLICATIONS A Dissertation Presented to The Graduate Faculty of the University of Akron In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy Ruby Chakraborty May, 2008 DEVELOPMENT OF NOVEL CYCLOALIPHATIC SILOXANES FOR THERMAL AND UV-CURABLE APPLICATIONS Ruby Chakraborty Dissertation Approved: Accepted: _____________________________ ______________________________ Advisor Department Chair Dr. Mark D. Soucek Dr. Sadhan C. Jana ______________________________ ______________________________ Committee Member Dean of the College Dr. Sadhan C. Jana Dr. Stephen Cheng ______________________________ ______________________________ Committee Member Dean of the Graduate School Dr. Erol Sancaktar Dr. George R. Newkome ______________________________ ______________________________ Committee Member Date Dr. George G. Chase ______________________________ Committee Member Dr. Chrys Wesdemiotis ii ABSTRACT Siloxanes have been extensively used as additives to modulate surface properties such as surface tension, hydrophobicity/hydrophobicity, and adhesion, etc. Although, polydimethyl -siloxane and polydiphenylsiloxane are the most commonly used siloxanes, the properties are at extremes in terms of glass transition temperature and flexibility. It is proposed that the ability to control the properties in between the these extremes can be provided by cycloaliphatic substitutions at the siloxane backbone. It is expected that this substitution might work due to the intermediate backbone rigidity. In order to achieve the above objectives, a synthetic route was developed to prepare cycloaliphatic (cyclopentane and cyclohexane) silane monomers followed by subsequent polymerization and functionalizations to obtain glycidyl epoxy, aliphatic amine and methacrylate telechelic siloxanes. The siloxanes were either thermally or UV- cured depending on end functionalizations. Chemical characterization of monomers, oligomers and polymers were performed using 1H, 13C, 29Si-NMR, FT-IR and GPC.
  • Environmental Risk Assessment Report: Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane

    Environmental Risk Assessment Report: Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane

    Environmental Risk Assessment Report: Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane Science Report Environmental Risk Assessment: Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane 1 The Environment Agency is the leading public body protecting and improving the environment in England and Wales. It’s our job to make sure that air, land and water are looked after by everyone in today’s society, so that tomorrow’s generations inherit a cleaner, healthier world. Our work includes tackling flooding and pollution incidents, reducing industry’s impacts on the environment, cleaning up rivers, coastal waters and contaminated land, and improving wildlife habitats. Published by: Author(s): Environment Agency, Rio House, Waterside Drive, Aztec West, Brooke D N, Crookes M J , Gray D and Robertson S Almondsbury, Bristol, BS32 4UD Tel: 01454 624400 Fax: 01454 624409 Dissemination Status: www.environment-agency.gov.uk Publicly available / released to all regions ISBN: 978-1-84911-029-7 Keywords: © Environment Agency April 2009 Decamethylcyclosiloxane, siloxane All rights reserved. This document may be reproduced with prior Research Contractor: permission of the Environment Agency. Building Research Establishment Ltd, Bucknalls Lane, Garston, Watford, WD25 9XX. Tel. 01923 664000 The views expressed in this document are not necessarily those of the Environment Agency. Environment Agency’s Project Manager: Steve Robertson, Chemicals Assessment Unit, Red Kite House, This report is printed on Cyclus Print, a 100 per cent recycled Howbery Park, Wallingford OX10 8BD. Tel 01491 828555 stock, which is 100 per cent post consumer waste and is totally chlorine free. Water used is treated and in most cases returned Collaborator(s): to source in better condition than removed. D Gray, Health and Safety Executive Further copies of this report are available from: Product code: The Environment Agency’s National Customer Contact Centre SCHO0309BPQX-E-P by emailing [email protected] or by telephoning 08708 506506.
  • Synchronous Fluorescence Spectroscopic Study Of

    Synchronous Fluorescence Spectroscopic Study Of

    Spectrochimica Acta Part A 79 (2011) 1034–1041 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy jou rnal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/saa Synchronous fluorescence spectroscopic study of solvatochromic curcumin dye ∗ Digambara Patra , Christelle Barakat Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107-2020, Lebanon a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Article history: Curcumin, the main yellow bioactive component of turmeric, has recently acquired attention by chemists Received 1 July 2010 due its wide range of potential biological applications as an antioxidant, an anti-inflammatory, and an Accepted 13 April 2011 anti-carcinogenic agent. This molecule fluoresces weakly and poorly soluble in water. In this detailed study of curcumin in thirteen different solvents, both the absorption and fluorescence spectra of curcumin Keywords: was found to be broad, however, a narrower and simple synchronous fluorescence spectrum of curcumin Curcumin was obtained at = 10–20 nm. Lippert–Mataga plot of curcumin in different solvents illustrated two Solvent polarity E sets of linearity which is consistent with the plot of Stokes’ shift vs. the 30. When Stokes’s shift in SFS T wavenumber scale was replaced by synchronous fluorescence maximum in nanometer scale, the solvent max E polarity dependency measured by SFS vs. Lippert–Mataga plot or T30 values offered similar trends as max measured via Stokes’ shift for protic and aprotic solvents for curcumin. Better linear correlation of SFS vs.
  • Synthesis of Functionalized Poly(Dimethylsiloxane)S and the Preparation of Magnetite Nanoparticle Complexes and Dispersions

    Synthesis of Functionalized Poly(Dimethylsiloxane)S and the Preparation of Magnetite Nanoparticle Complexes and Dispersions

    Synthesis of Functionalized Poly(dimethylsiloxane)s and the Preparation of Magnetite Nanoparticle Complexes and Dispersions Kristen Wilson O’Brien Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy In Chemistry Approved by: ____________________________ Judy S. Riffle, Chair ____________________________ ____________________________ Alan Esker Jack Lesko ____________________________ ____________________________ Timothy E. Long James E. McGrath August 21, 2003 Blacksburg, Virginia Keywords: Polymers, iron oxides; steric stabilization; magnetic fluids Copyright 2003, Kristen Wilson O’Brien Synthesis of Functionalized Poly(dimethylsiloxane)s and the Preparation of Magnetite Nanoparticle Complexes and Dispersions Kristen Wilson O’Brien (ABSTRACT) Poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) fluids containing magnetite nanoparticles stabilized with carboxylic acid-functionalized PDMS were prepared. PDMS-magnetite complexes were characterized using transmission electron microscopy, elemental analysis, and vibrating sample magnetometry. PDMS-magnetite complexes containing up to 67 wt% magnetite with magnetizations of ~52 emu gram-1 were prepared. The magnetite particles were 7.4 ± 1.7 nm in diameter. Calculations suggested that the complexes prepared using mercaptosuccinic acid-functionalized PDMS (PDMS-6COOH) complexes contained unbound acid groups whereas the mercaptoacetic acid- functionalized PDMS (PDMS-3COOH) complexes did not.
  • Catalytic Conversion of Direct Process High-Boiling Component To

    Catalytic Conversion of Direct Process High-Boiling Component To

    Patentamt |||| ||| 1 1|| ||| ||| ||| || || || || ||| |||| || JEuropaischesJ European Patent Office Office europeen des brevets (11) EP 0 635 510 B1 (12) EUROPEAN PATENT SPECIFICATION (45) Date of publication and mention (51) Int. CI.6: C07F 7/1 2, C07F7/16 of the grant of the patent: 24.02.1999 Bulletin 1999/08 (21) Application number: 94304886.8 (22) Date of filing: 04.07.1994 (54) Catalytic conversion of direct process high-boiling component to chlorosilane monomers in the presence of hydrogen chloride Katalytische Umsetzung von hochsiedenden RLickstanden der Direktsynthese in Chlorosilanmonomere in Gegenwart von Chlorwasserstoff Conversion catalytique du residu a point d'ebullition eleve obtenu par le procede direct en chlorosilanes monomeres en presence de chlorure d'hydrogene (84) Designated Contracting States: • Dhaul, Ajay Kumar DE FR GB Carrollton, Kentucky (US) • Johnson, Richard Gordon (30) Priority: 19.07.1993 US 94593 Hanover, Indiana (US) (43) Date of publication of application: (74) Representative: 25.01.1995 Bulletin 1995/04 Spott, Gottfried, Dr. et al Patentanwalte (73) Proprietor: Spott, Weinmiller & Partner DOW CORNING CORPORATION Sendlinger-Tor-Platz 11 Midland, Michigan 48686-0994 (US) 80336 Munchen (DE) (72) Inventors: (56) References cited: • Chadwick, Kirk Michael EP-A- 0 082 969 EP-A-0155 626 Penarth, South Glamorgan (GB) EP-A- 0 537 740 EP-A- 0 564 109 • Halm, Roland Lee EP-A- 0 574 912 EP-A- 0 634 417 Madison, Indiana (US) FR-A- 1 093 399 US-A- 2 709 176 US-A- 3 432 537 CO o LO LO CO Note: Within nine months from the publication of the mention of the grant of the European patent, give CO any person may notice to the European Patent Office of opposition to the European patent granted.
  • 1240 Date: December 1999 Revision: January 2009 DOT Number: UN 2534

    1240 Date: December 1999 Revision: January 2009 DOT Number: UN 2534

    Right to Know Hazardous Substance Fact Sheet Common Name: METHYL CHLOROSILANE Synonym: Chloromethylsilane CAS Number: 993-00-0 Chemical Name: Silane, Chloromethyl- RTK Substance Number: 1240 Date: December 1999 Revision: January 2009 DOT Number: UN 2534 Description and Use EMERGENCY RESPONDERS >>>> SEE LAST PAGE Methyl Chlorosilane is a colorless gas with a distinctive odor. Hazard Summary It is used to make water repellant materials. Hazard Rating NJDOH NFPA HEALTH 3 - FLAMMABILITY 4 - REACTIVITY 2 W - CORROSIVE FLAMMABLE AND REACTIVE Reasons for Citation POISONOUS GASES ARE PRODUCED IN FIRE f Methyl Chlorosilane is on the Right to Know Hazardous CONTAINERS MAY EXPLODE IN FIRE Substance List because it is cited by DOT. f This chemical is on the Special Health Hazard Substance Hazard Rating Key: 0=minimal; 1=slight; 2=moderate; 3=serious; 4=severe List. f Methyl Chlorosilane can affect you when inhaled. f Methyl Chlorosilane is a DOT CORROSIVE material and contact can severely irritate and burn the skin and eyes. f Inhaling Methyl Chlorosilane can irritate the nose, throat and lungs. f Methyl Chlorosilane can cause chronic bronchitis with SEE GLOSSARY ON PAGE 5. coughing, phlegm and shortness of breath. f Methyl Chlorosilane is FLAMMABLE and REACTIVE and a DANGEROUS FIRE and EXPLOSION HAZARD. FIRST AID Eye Contact f Immediately flush with large amounts of water for at least 30 minutes, lifting upper and lower lids. Remove contact Workplace Exposure Limits lenses, if worn, while flushing. Seek medical attention No occupational exposure limits have been established for immediately. Methyl Chlorosilane. However, it may pose a health risk. Always follow safe work practices.