THE COMPASS MARCH 2018 ISSUE #4

IN THIS ISSUE A Spectre to Exorcise Will 2018 Still Be A Better Year? Services and Global Production Value-Chain: The Next Stage of Growth in ASEAN Behaviour of Malaysian Ringgit (MYR) Relative to Comparable Currencies, 1990-2016 What We Can Learn From the Global Trade Slowdown Sunway University Takes on Challenges Ahead Is Malaysia Stuck on the Cyber Highway’s Slow Lane? Historical Amnesia of the Scientific Mind in Southeast Asia Leveraging Measurable SDG Indicators for Prioritisation and Problem Solving in the ASEAN Context 02 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 23 VIDEOS TOPMOST POPULAR OUR TEN Ms. PriyaSharmaAmarjitSingh Dr BenedictValentine Arulanandam Page 22 Ms. LeeSiokPing Page 21 TRAVEL GRANTS CHEAH JEFFREY Page 18 EVENTS CALENDAR The OrangAsli,Malaysia’s FirstPeoples Materially Poor, MorallyRich: Page 17 Media, CitizensandtheDigitalRevolution New MediaandPoiticsinSoutheastAsia:Social Page 17 Malaysia The ManyShadesofIslamismandIslamistsin Page 16 Malaysia The MalaysianFederation:Views from East Page 16 for Sustainability Transformations ofMalaysianUniversityModels Page 16 TN50: TheRoadAhead Page 15 ASEAN MinistersWorkshop Page 14 JCI-MEA EconomicSeminarSeries Page 12 HIGHLIGHTS EVENT ASEAN Context Prioritisation andProblem Solvinginthe Leveraging MeasurableSDGIndicatorsfor Page 10 Southeast Asia Historical AmnesiaoftheScientificMindin Page 10 Lane? Is MalaysiaStuckontheCyberHighway’s Slow Page 9 Sunway UniversityTakes onChallengesAhead Page 8 Slowdown What We CanLearnFrom theGlobalTrade Page 7 to ComparableCurrencies, 1990-2016 Behaviour ofMalaysianRinggit(MYR)Relative Page 7 Next StageofGrowth inASEAN Services andGlobalProduction Value-Chain: The Page 6 Will 2018StillBeA BetterYear? Page 4 ESSAYS IN THISISSUE

COUNCIL (IAAC) INTERNATIONAL ACADEMICADVISORY Bank ofJapan of Tokyo;FormerDeputyGovernor, Dean, EconomicsFaculty,University Prof Kiyohiko Nishimura Harvard ClubMalaysia Bank NegaraMalaysia;President, University; FormerDeputyGovernor, Research Professor,Sunway Prof Tan SriDato’DrLin See-Yan University Education GroupandSunway Senior Executive Director,Sunway Dr ElizabethLee Sunway University on Southeast Asia; BoardMember, Senior Fellow,JeffreyCheahInstitute Prof Tan SriDrGhauthJasmon People’s BankofChina Monetary PolicyCommitteeofthe University; Formermember, Institute, China;Professor,Peking Director, NationalEconomicResearch Prof Fan Gang Sunway University Foundation; FounderandChancellor, Group; Trustee,JeffreyCheah Founder andChairman,Sunway Tan SriDato’Seri DrJeffrey Cheah Harvard University and ofComparative Literature, Asian LanguagesandCivilizations Center Council;ProfessorofEast Chair, Harvard University Asia Harvard University Asia Center; Victor andWilliam FungDirector, Prof Karen Thornber Sunway University University; ResearchProfessor, of PoliticalEconomy,Harvard Burbank ProfessorEmeritus Chairman, IAAC;HaroldHitchings Prof DwightPerkins Professor, Sunway University on Southeast Asia; Royal Research Royal Patron, JeffreyCheahInstitute The SultanofPerak DarulRidzuan Sultan AzlanMuhibbuddinShah SultanDrNazrinShahIbni HRH AO University ofGroningen, Netherlands President and Professor ofPathology, Prof SibrandesPoppema Former ChairofUniversities Australia Prof RichardGraemeLarkins, Minister’s Department,Malaysia Unit (PEMANDU)inthePrime Performance Managementand Delivery Executive Officer(CEO)ofthe Results (BFR)Institute;Chief Managing DirectoroftheBigFast Dato’ SriIdrisJala Foreign Affairs, SouthKorea South Korea;FormerMinisterof Professor, SeoulNationalUniversity, Prof Yoon Young-Kwan Sunway University Columbia University; BoardMember, Asia Program,EarthInstitute, of California,Davis;Director,East Southeast Asia; Professor,University President, JeffreyCheahInstituteon Prof Dato’DrWoo Wing Thye Vice-Chancellor, Sunway University Prof GraemeWilkinson University ofHongKong Institute; FormerVice-Chancellor, Chairman, ISEAS-YusofIshak National University ofSingapore; Chairman, East Asian Institute, Prof EmeritusWang CBE Gungwu, Research Professor,Sunway University Prof Dato’DrTan Tat Wai Development ResearchInstitute Former President,Thailand Former MinisterofFinance,Thailand; Dr ChalongphobSussangkarn Vice-Chancellor, LancasterUniversity Prof MarkSmith Harvard University Kennedy Schoolof Prof Tony Saich Jakarta Strategic andInternationalStudies, Executive DirectoroftheCenterfor Minister ofTrade,Indonesia;Former Creative Economy,Indonesia;Former Former MinisterofTourismand Professor, Universitas Indonesia; Dr MariElkaPangestu Government, AO

A SPECTRE TO EXORCISE A SPECTRE Religious leaders in Southeast Asia should show similar humility similar show should Asia Southeast in leadersReligious who gets reincarnated to ahigherlife form, etc. orheaven, intoenters who Day Judgement on decide to God to These great teachers had the humility not to play God. They yield undertaken choice voluntarily. personal a is Religion begrudgingly. them other of followers tolerating just not the and are they what with for them accepting the faiths, contrary, peace in On live to us instruct they of beliefs. systems competing extinguish the original Jesus, and Muhammad – ever of called for genocides to completely none that we remember proponentsworldreligionslikemain – the of Tze,Lao Siddharta, that essential is It to this resorted constantly fearmongering method to furthertheir careers. have politicians unprincipled stronga mobilizing force such all over the been, world from time has immemorial, and is, religion Because faith. their for fight to roused emotionally be can people which the with ease confirms extreme charges blasphemy on Purnama, Tjahaja Basuki defining national identity. The jailing of former in Jakarta governor, extremists Buddhist by Myanmar is not Rohingyasan acceptable solution to the difficult problem the of of oppression The discussions. whispered disreputable of shadows tawdry the in hides longer no and openly operates now spectre new this that is result The spectre. new this extinguish to apparatus security their of use the in pusillanimous unusually been have governments ASEAN today’s of many but place, in remained has challenges political over-reactionfrequent and – to – of suppressionrelentless with War Cold the won that agencies security strong of phalanx The old the today.happening exorcise not is same the successfully socialism, hardline powersof spectre to the alliance holy all a when into entered past the unlike However, extremism. A new spectre is haunting Southeast Asia – the spectre of religious e ih u Idnsa cmaros idm n ikn their leaders, andwe wishthe victors humilityinleadership. picking in wisdom compatriots Indonesian our wish We principles (Pancasila) andthelatter rejects it. Arab-style of strict Indonesia’sof secularism foundingthe formersupports The Islam. import recent relatively the and Islam style countryforstrugglethe betweenof soul the traditional Indonesia- the be will elections 2019 and 2018 the that predicted widely is it upset, an about bring to election gubernatorial Jakarta in 2017 the voters galvanize to successfully used was religion how Given 2019. inApril elections presidential) and (parliamentary general and 2018 June in elections regional hold will Indonesia Neighbor economy ofthe andto horrific carnage. the destruction to inevitably lead that elections win to zealotry what use religious of reminder politicians opportunistic a when is happens Lanka Sri Neighbour Akyol. Mustafa intellectual, public Turkish renowned the of detention the and attemptthe e.g. establishto launderette Muslim-only a Muar, in now showing some harsh differences in doctrinal interpretations of amodel as up religiousmoderation that multi-ethnic society, a in kept peace is held often been had which Malaysia, Even social trends, andentrepreneurial innovation. rest of the world in technological acquisition, understanding new using only half of its national brainpower to compete against the Afghanistanbecause besocially backward will economicallyand will remain Afghanistan that ensures woman for education on ways, Taliban’sban the example, many For people. in up blowing from hell apart earth on life makes extremism Religious advocate discrimination against other religions. religious extremists from hijacking their religious organization to minority who the prevent must majority, religious leaders the form the who moderates, importantly, political Equally against religions. out other demonize speak also should They systems. belief other of acceptance followers their teaching by on Southeast Asia President, Jeffrey CheahInstitute THYE WOO WING

03 ISSUE #4 PRESIDENT’S MESSAGE 04 ESSAYS the Fed continues with its monetary normalisation process and process normalisation monetary its with continues Fed even as the – stable being markets financial with world, buoyant the remain across conditions Financial China. even Japan, India, and Europe, US in expansion strong continued have we Today, a synchronised market turbulence. financial amid growthstalling faced world the in time this recovery growing, and continues to gather is strength. Less than two economyyears ago, global The GROWTH UPGRADE so much thenumbers they predict. not contain, they analysis the in lies stock-takes year-end of periodically, re-think and revisit assumptions. Ultimately, the value back exercisestepmentalmake us of to kind a – purpose useful a serve do outlooks annual aligned much the Nevertheless, 1994. since performance worst the markets, bond developed for loss consequences for “fixed income.” This could imply up to 2% annual have will Japan material and EU US, tighter the in monetary policy and fasterinflation so, And points. 2,825 beyond to 7-8% another 2018, 10-year Treasury yield to rise to 3%, and the S&P 500 to gain For 2018, the consensus favours inflation to quicken to 2% by end of focus to tended investors but instead ontheflows. sells, or buys it much how than to me that it matters to the market how much the Fed holds rather seems It Fed. the by held bonds of trillion US$4 the by keptdown wereyields thatwasyear last up pick to prices bond failureof the bear market may bearoundthe corner. Aninteresting from lesson bond Fedmay long-awaited The The pace. soon. winding-down stir its quicken to possibly begin can inflation and shape good in relatively is economy global The different. be could 2018 But and markets really work. economy the how about less lot a know really we and, dangerous; – that’s direction one in only go can prices lessons: useful offer two did they Still, prices. stock and profits boosted numbers economic buoyant the as even US$, the and bond-yields long down bringing dormant, stay would inflation that convinced increasingly became surprisingly,investorsNot (Fed)). ReserveFederal the for (including a “mystery” WallNotably,Street.inflation was on of year’slack this predictions mostbullish evengainsthe of the twice morethan up – wild gone has 500 S&P and up; not down, is US$ up; not down, are Treasury yields 10-year benchmark uncertain; remains cuts tax the taxyearA cuts. on,inflation not has materialised,of theimpact and Trump’sand wages rising by prospectivedriven US$, the and prices stock yields, bond higher for prospects the about bullish were all almost 2017, In wrong. predictions all proved virtually since have predict growth and inflation 18 to 24 months ahead. Indeed, markets private think tanks – for all their expertise – have consistently failed to Even the International Monetary Fund (IMF), World Bank, OECD and failure to predict what happened their near-universal in 2017. Sure, despite forecasting this is difficult. All outlooks. year-ahead defining about go they as strategists, bond and analysts stock economists, of Street community the Wall for time insane an is year the in Early YEAR? A BETTER 2018WILL BE STILL demand has been picking up, why has it taken this long to become become to long this global taken it has why if up, picking been But has demand 2014. November since levels highest their at all are materials raw 22 for prices spot of index composite Bloomberg a and copper oil, crude Brent and Japan and India China, Europe, US, the in accelerated growth which have in 2010 to since year out first the turn been probably will year Last prices. commodity into filtering finally is economy world’s the of performance strong The COMMODITY PRICES worldalso faces seriouspolitical economy risks as well asthreats to liberal trade. the In addition, difficult. more growth sustaining makes debt rising and high all, In inflation. higher of prospects and growth stronger of face the in rise to likely are rates interest that given concern, of are risks associated The world. the in highest the foreignin it currencies. Corporate debt/GDP ratio already is China in corporateespecially debt, high with of indebtedness,plagued much Similarly, also high. areremain debtEMEs corporatehousehold and Both growth? of pace the constrain to continues indebtedness high (iii) and; average 1995-2007 labour the below in well been rise has productivity the (ii) sluggish; (i) G-7, remained has that throughout growth investment considering sustainable, growth is Still, gradually in2018. toriseonly likely is however, Inflation, muted. remains inflation core demand, domestic in growth stronger Despite faded. 2016 of recovery price oil the from prices to boost the as softened has inflation price Consumer 2018. in (hopefully) again and 2017, in ASEAN’s five biggest nations (including Malaysia) expanded at 5.2% in China and continuing recovery in India, Brazil, Russia and Turkey. demand domestic higher reflects growth the pace of Much this 2018. into at continues and 2017 in 6.5% at best the performed Asia in (EMEs) economies market emerging group, a As 2018. in 7.4% to increasing 2017, in expected 6.7% rose GDP an India, in 2018; with in 6.5% 2017, in ofworld 6.8% half by rose China over in GDP for growth.” account to continues region “The seat: driving the in India and China of economies supersized the with Asia, be to continues region global fastestgrowing the that noted While advanced iseconomies self-sustaining. are performing better than expected,the IMF recovery has that signs and confidence 2.2% in 2018 and 2% in 2019 on to the back of encouraging – data, high years both in points percentage 0.3 by – higher predictions growth European its revised also IMF 1.2%. by economy US the boosted have to likely is cuts tax corporate the of effect total the 2020, By 2.5%. to it lifting forecast, US 2019 its to upgrade point percentage 0.6 a added and 2.7% to 2.3% from 2018 forforecast growth US raised IMF Eurozone. the and US the in outlook a better of back the on years both for points percentage 0.2 up – next and year this 3.9% grown have to likely was economy world The cuts. tax corporate US the by augmented and 2018 into forward carried momentum year, with last the for predictions growth the raised autumn the in expected than data Better 2019. and 2018 2017, for growth economic world forforecasts its upgraded since has IMF The own. its for prepares Bank Central European the as President, Harvard ClubMalaysia Former DeputyGovernor, BankNegara Malaysia Research Professor, Sunway University YAN TANDATO'PROF SRI SEE- DRLIN ternal developments. The same is not true for most other EMEs, other most for true not is same The developments. ternal ex adverse manage to ability an shown have India and China G7. the as well as EMEs threaten tensions geopolitical rising and ism, Doubtless,downsiderisks financial of stress, increased protection - WETO DO? ARE WHAT THEN, wary of be theyshould loosening their beltstoo quickly. prices, tosupport output their limiting of 2018willbetemporary. Even after years of commodity producers increases any price so arising from freezing weather across North America bulging, at the beginning still are stocks and price, on lid a kept have – soybeans maize, wheat, – seeds and grains consumed widely most the of harvests recent In excellent profitability. markets, agricultural greater exploit to faster drill will producers shale US$ 60 a barrel so far, and if prices continue to climb, then American above risen only have prices oil all, After weaken.may prices term, This will generate higher demand for commodities. But in the longer encouraging. highly is economy global the for outlook short-term The assess. to difficult more is length likely rally’s The again. rising are prices reserves, those into eaten has demand strong that now but first, at effect little have to appeared measures These output. steel its cut and miners coal for days working 2016 of number in the cut same: it the did also China surpluses. the drain to order in a restrainproduction to reached agreed OPEC 2015. November in high record oil of Stockpiles surpluses. huge with leftthe economy grains global and metals base oil, of production strong of Years explain. to part easiest the is increases price in delay The rally? the importantly,is sustainableMore how prices? commodity in evident expectation of more of the same in 2018. Indeed, both talkof both 2018. Indeed, in same the of more the of expectation with upbeat, unusually been have Bank by World performance and IMF economic the 2017 Malaysia’s of reviews late, Of growth. They shouldactnow. Economic sunshinenever lasts. vestment and make structural reforms needed to raise productivity in encouragehigher to growth today’sglobal buoyantuse should EMEs 2016. in 3% just of low post-crisis a to crisis financial global fromratesEMEs, slowedin double-digit sharply wakethe in the of investment has growth 2010, Since capital. and labour of quantity tor (TFP) – aproductivity” measure of output generated by a given ly reflects ageing, weak investment and slower growth of “total fac longer-term average in almost half of all EMEs. This slowdown part its below was growth potential 2017, and 2013 Between shared. low its average of a decade ago. Moreover, this slowdown is widely be points percentage 0.9 and average 2013-17 the below points an average of 4.3% between 2018 and 2027. This is 0.5 percentage tocatch WorldThe up. forecastsBank potential growth EMEs at of ability their of because growth, for potential larger a have should need for fast growth because they are still so poor. Moreover, they weakening growth of productivity, is disturbing. EMEs have greater the and ageing to due EMEs of growth potential in slowdown The resilience. increase also should which dynamism, underlying their improve is do can they What hurt. be to likelyare they comes, sis cri another However,if Russia. or Brazil as such ones large even ------measures, however well-intentioned, merely prolong the sugar high. hoc Ad needed. desperately are These practices. corrupt of tolerance care; health zero and privateinitiative on reliancegovernment;more greateropen of universal toworld-class standard high R&D; and education commitment quality transformation; institutional serious wide-ranging including reforms,structural deep, through achieved be Only in this way, can there be healthy, equality. sustainable greater growth. This can achieve only to and productivity raise to both measures successful without workers’paytake-home in growth sustainable and meaningful no be “few.”can small There a by the captured being growth of much with increase, to inequality for been has tendency the Unfortunately, shared. widely are benefits its that economy healthy a for fundamental is it maintained, be somehow can growth if Even will be necessary to maintain economic expansion in the coming years. in productivity acceleration significant a unemployment, youth high private fixed investment Given is sluggish. low labour force growth and in growth and very slow, been has growth to productivity investment), inducement an (both cash corporate abundant and costs capital low Despite sustainable. is growth whether is importance greater Of its of terms in international purchasing power. viewed Doubtless, a strong isbest. ringgit be must status income high reaching of objective The interest. national the serve not does ringgit weak A S$1. for RM2.50 than more much so payhaveto now we shame a US$1 mark. Fair value,my in view, is closerto RM3.00.Indeed,it’s = 4.00 to RM3.90 the breakto keeps struggling it on when weak is ringgit The ringgit. appreciating been an and have inflows capital wouldsignificant there improved, had fundamentals If S$. the against 15% and years; five past the over US$ is against 35% fallen have improved ringgit having the in weakness of continuing structures because unrealistic underlying that suggestion The sugar high. There are has been no fundamental lift foundations across the economy. structural The weakening. In this sense, transient.much of the euphoric “growth” reflects a probably are far so performance “strong” of drivers the appear does It pocketbooks. hit that up, significantly are prices food street and Hawker-stall causes. One thing is for sure, the ringgit does not go far these main days. as the competition intense and power” “purchasing falling Mostcited fatigue. consumption reflecting 2018, for sentiments optimistic” “not expressed even has membership Their 2017. of for most sales retail contracting reporting downwards, forecasts their revising been have (RGM) Malaysia AssociationGroup Retail and Retailers(MRA) Malaysian The slackened. in also Businesses have sluggish. are malls sales car and down, are sales retail market. Many feel there is already overbuilding. More importantly, property moribund a in rentals house are so down; generally are sales Home jams. traffic messy many, the than other lift, upbeat seat-of-the-pants actual this of any “feel” not do Realistically, people experience. and ordinary macro-numbers the between broad disconnect” reported “a suggests evidence However, available of2017. Q4 best in growth steady continuing on building year,coming the in 5-5.5% towards slackening rates growth GDP

05 ISSUE #4 ESSAYS 06 ESSAYS COMPUTER ANDINFORMATION ROYALTIES ANDLICENCEFEES ESSAYS PERSONAL, CULTURAL AND OTHER BUSINESSSERVICES the region and globally. For one thing, there is a clear lack of critical the way for ASEAN to fully exploit services supply-chain activities in in standing challenges and constraintsseveral However, are there cost of and increasing the and consumers, innovation inservices. reducing businesses and are across to information transaction that related technologies activities communication service in development technological and innovation greater is there addition, In sector. services the in growthstrong to leading overseas,locatedthereby activities industrial inthe between linkages services the increased have developments the technological telecommunications well industries. The outsourcing and as fragmentation production of productivity indicates fragmentationoutsourcingand the drivenby is This chains. supply services evidence andglobal in regional recent participation from improvements services, in productive no activities are there that view traditional the to opposed As [business services business and process outsourcing (BPO)]. services telecommunication services, financial e-commerce, logistics, healthcare, and medical we are observing global value-chain activities in education, tourism, growth will hence lead to services sector development. Increasingly, manufacturingand that manufacturing activities support activities services that supply view traditional the manufacturing changing is This the activities. chain to linkages its of independent sector Increasingly, we are observing supply chain activities in the services been has manufacturing sector. sector services the as job creator has become more important than that played by the front, broad responsible for job a creation, and across all ASEAN countries, its role on Expanding in 2001. services) grew to 3.2% in 2013 from negative growth of nearly 10% Notably,business 2013. (other in services (5.7%) business services government and (1.9%) transportation (3.2%), services business financial (11.7%), services computer and information (5.3%), other (16.5%), insurance as such sectors key by driven was growth This growth rate itselfincreased from 0.2%in2001to 7.1%in2013. The million. US$281,130 nearly to increased 2013, by had and million Asian Financial the Crisis. In since 2001, quadrupled the services than exports more generatedexports US$69,090 services its seen has ASEAN chain theproduction in from endto end. toparticipate SMEs, their for providing particular beyond, in growth, and of stages various region at of countries for ASEAN opportunities driver ample the important in an growth becoming and is trade chain supply services The NEXT STAGENEXT ASEAN OFGROWTH IN THE VALUE-CHAIN: PRODUCTION GLOBAL AND SERVICES RECREATIONAL SERVICES GOVERMENT SERVICES FINANCIAL SERVICES COMMUNICATIONS OTHER SERVICES TOTAL SERVICES CONSTRUCTION TRANSPORT INSURANCE TRAVEL Source: WTO Website Figure 1:ASEANExportServices(US$M)2001-2013 0 50000 100000 150000 200000 250000 300000 2001 2013 in “new age” technologies andservices. key activities of in the region, if all ASEAN countries significance are to fully participate supply-chain the services in stages various for map requiredinfrastructure to need strong production factors, a institutional reforms needed, and soft and hard is there Thus, very fundamental for be the next stage ofgrowth ofASEAN economies. will that measures liberalisation services in lacking still are effectively in the supply sector. Current regional free trade agreements participateto region the countriesin allow will developedwell when and integration regional for crucial be will supply-chain services The are neededinthefuture. raisewill This important thatquestions skills policy of types the on and professional in healthcare services provided services by “robots” and artificial intelligence, delivery services will appear. critical cars, and “driverless” “drones” such by services of types New andinthedomesticservices economy. in destroyed) (and created be will that jobs “task”-based of type these two forces (concentration and dispersion) will determine the of interaction The to network. global and countries regional the developing in participate for opportunities the increase will This linkages for different andmanufacturing typesofservices activities. will create will that as smartphones forces dispersion generate and distances overcome such technologies Communication workers. task forskill-based demand the unskilled to compared as skilled of wages the enhance and activities will raise agglomeration This and services. concentration in createeffects and required “tasks” of digital on economy and disruptive based technologies) strategies are likely (industrial to reduce Artificial levels. 4.0 the number Industry at all and Intelligence activities services to “disruptive” potentially all after Technological are workers. telecommunications and prepare information the in to developments to identify which for difficult technologies it future makes also employment “Task”-based long-term employability ofworkers. the also and created jobs of type the changing are that employment activities to “task”-based activities employment skills-based from transition a observing are We economy. overall and sector which services, in services the employmentcreation in on directimpact arehavinga developments technological “disruptive” the fromproblems,especially of set own facingaretheir Thailand and moreThe developed ASEANMalaysia,countries as such Singapore The average education attainment ofthese countries is still at very lowa level. supply-chain. theregional in participation effective from (LDCs) them hindering Myanmar) Countries and PDR Lao Developed (Cambodia, CLM Least of ASEAN the at capital human -15.0% -10.0% 10.0% 15.0% 20.0% 25.0% 30.0% -5.0% 2001 2013 0.0% 5.0% Figure 2:ASEANExportsofServicesGrowthRate:2001-2013

TOTAL SERVICES

TRANSPORT

TRAVEL

OTHER SERVICES

COMMUNICATIONS

CONSTRUCTION

INSURANCE Sachs Center Senior Fellow, Jeffrey Cheah Institute Vice President, Jeffrey THANGAVELU SHANDRE PROF

FINANCIAL SERVICES

COMPUTER AND INFORMATION

OTHER BUSINESS AND SERVICES

PERSONAL, CULTURAL AND RECREATIONAL SERVICES

GOVERMENT SERVICES N.I.E. eoe t ea rdcn sol satn fo 20 ad (v) a and; 2009 from starting slowly reducing began it before (iii) imposition of 6% GST; (iv) the budget deficitwidened to 6.5% subsidies; sugar and oil the 1MDB of withdrawal (ii) about issue; repayment loan (i)concern MYR: the hit shocks negative five largest depreciation of the currency was from October 2015 when per US$ to RM 4.54 per US$ in 2016. 2.76 In particular,RM the start of the from depreciated MYR the mid-2005, the about From below the US$. the good, generally were trackingline MYR the by shown as appreciatedsteadilycurrency policies economic its parliamentary and two-thirds majority with government a was there when 99 because of the Asian Financial Crisis). In the period up to 2005, been has MYR appreciating againstthe the US$ (depreciating only2005, after the in 1997- to up that shows 1 Chart in MYR The or (depreciating) above below (appreciating) the straight either line. is MYR the of plot the US$, the US$ volatility by which is divided equal to 1.00. Hence, as volatility the MYR wanes and rises against US$ period: 1990-2016 the throughout US$ the of position the is 1.00 to equal line straight The (MYR). Ringgit Malaysian the of RVL the interprets 1 Chart ONMYR FINDINGS settled in are US$. The period of analysistrades is January 1990 international to April 2016. all of two-thirds because index US$ the TurkeyrelativeMalaysia, Philippines, - toKingdom United the and Iran, Indonesia, – countries five of currencies the of features two these study Wecurrency. benchmark the against currency given (IQR) of RVL. of (IQR) range interquartile the by measured commonly is currency that of a riskiness The against makers. policy (RVL) to importance of Volatility currency target Relative the its of is currency measure a common of one instability literature, rate exchange the In CURRENCY OFA RISKINESS AND INSTABILITY THE MEASURING THE GLOBAL TRADE SLOWDOWN GLOBAL TRADE THE FROM LEARN WHAT WECAN Conference that was held in Kuala Lumpur for the first time in this region to discuss globalisation inthe aftermath time ofthecrisis. first the for Lumpur Kuala in held was that Conference NegaraBank the Malaysia-International Summer Monetary Fund at presented paper a to according countries, 171 of 143 or 84% The post-crisis trade slowdown is found to be widespread affecting and researchongoingconference and deliberationsextensive acrossworld. the of 2008- subject the the been has crisis during financial global collapse 09 initial unprecedented the the after 2012 from since rebound trade global in recovery slow The S., andDucNguyen (eds) Quantitative Methodology forFinancialAnalysis.EdwardElgarPublishing, Northampton, MA, USAandCheltenham, UK. D.,Boubaker, inCampbell, Correction” and Error RelativeVolatility,Risk,Cointegration Instability: Rate Zarei,“Exchange economies:Please M.,and A.,(2018). few seeAriff, appliedto lengthas ideaat 1 The relative volatility (RVL) is the ratio of the standard deviation of acurrencyx divided by the benchmark currency’s (y) standard deviation as in this formula: . Thefollowing publication explains this 1990-2016 CURRENCIES, COMPARABLE (MYR) TO RELATIVE RINGGIT BEHAVIOUR OF MALAYSIAN 1 The higher the IQR the higher the relative risk of a of risk relative the higher the IQR the higher The Chart 1:MYR/US$

United Kingdom showed onlyhalftheriskinessofMYR. Philippines the and Indonesia as such economies weaker some of currencies the even and, currencies country developed than Furthermore, the riskiness of the MYR is about three times higher by halfapercentage point inmid-2018. interestrateraises Reserve Federal US the if long last tounlikely The 2017. is rise of this but 2018 recoveredJanuary MYR end at as 3.90 toRM months closing the in weakened US$ the though evenvalue in decline higher registereda MYR the 2015, In 2014. until steadily continued and in 2006 in to be waning. declining majority started MYR The of two-thirds MYR appears the in loss confidence the the Parliament, with Thereafter, 2005. growth economic in solid of end the at began period second The crisis.financial Asian the and to prior policy 1997 until growth industrialisation economic solid established an pursued that government a by ruled country the first was when The perioddistinct was periods. two has MYR of volatility the First, clear. quite are findings The CONCLUSION and Iranian currencies are alsohalftheriskinessofMYR. Indonesian the country. Both that of instability political abysmal main reason is that the Peso has always floated freely despite the the and MYR, the that as risky as half about is Peso Filipino The representing both dollar developed countries. Singapore-Brunei the and (£) pound sterling the of risk average the than larger times three is MYR of of terms the volatility,in statistics which is thesecond reason for its riskiness. Second,far the risk summary a ranks MYR The the First, countries. things. two show other six and Malaysia for (riskiness) IQR and (volatility) RVL of values the reports 1 Table 12% oftax revenue). for accounted normally (which revenue petroleum the in slump United States imports andexports achieved in the pre-global crisisperiod. in growth annual average 9% to 8 the than lower considerably 1.3%, rose exports while period this during 2.1% rate averageof annual an at grew imports real Malaysia’s trends, global the of Reflective economies. emerging large several in downturns and China in imports weaker experienced to due 2016 to 2012 from period initially the during severe more became economies it but slowdown trade milder developing and Emerging Philippines Singapore Indonesia Malaysia Turkey Iran Table 1: Ranks by MeanandMedian ofSelected Currencies by Relative Volatility, 1990-2016 Mean Rank 7 6 5 3 2 1 4 3.3442 2.1318 2.0810 1.0908 0.8904 0.2220 1.2971 Mean RVL - Median 0.4278 0.9891 1.4243 0.8434 0.5661 0.1634 1.1933 RVL - Cheah Senior Fellow, Jeffrey ARIFF MOHAMED PROF Institute Institute Jeffrey Cheah Senior Fellow, LENG KIM YEAH PROF Rank Risk 3 6 7 4 5 1 2 Risk =1QR 0.3689 0.4823 3.0384 0.4453 0.7881 0.2220 0.2623

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07 ISSUE #4 ESSAYS 08 ESSAYS the recent rise in trade restrictions could impede the flow of the impede could restrictions trade in rise recent the early part of the the global recession during did not materialise. in protectionism Nevertheless, rise feared initially the Fortuitously, to therecent globaltrade slowdown isnotvery large. manycontribution its although industries by domestic protect to countries erected barriers trade temporary in rise a of evidence emerging isalso there mature, networks production and chains addition to the slower trade in intermediate goods as global supply In slowdown. trade the to contributing as source important another acknowledged been has chains), supply global as to referred production networks, the so-called global value chains (sometimes international the of fragmentation the in slowdown the services, less-traded of supply in rise the besides side, production the On SUPPLY STRUCTURE IN CHANGES less traded, asincome increases indeveloping countries. are which services, of consumption to shift steady the is change intermediatecompositionalcapital compared.and Another goods in A slowdown investment therefore consumption. leads to to a compared stronger nature decline in in or ‘trade- the trade intensive’ flows component of trade ahigher have activities Investment investment weak the playing akey role inexplaining the‘missingglobaltrade’. and China be to found been also as have economies, advanced the in activities such economies large in particularly, the shift from exports and investment to consumption subsequent and collapse demand of composition the in Changestrade. global in slowdown unprecedented the for account fully developing and not could level output the in However,drop slowdown. the trade advanced the of causes main the the of one as identified in been has economies slowdown synchronised A OFDEMAND STRUCTURE AND LEVEL IN CHANGES tvs uh h da dge and exchange prudent on depend degree will University Sunway of dual future to but outcomes, workshop strategic the summarises and above The the University vard University willbeexpanded. Cambridge such with developed tives ogrammes 6) report have graduates university’s the encouragingly, t top- ademics andresearchers from allover theworld. recruit to 5) continue to tasked with has trust University Sunway t, a nonprofit the placed 4) under has Cheah group Jeffrey ation owing successively inorder to meet growing needs. Sri Tan founder way successfully 3) competing on orld university focus rankings. asthe and East’ the known of justifiably vard be to aspires University way 2) the for pathways 1) new defining in university to pursue. They are: succeeded workshop The to facilitate theworkshop. outfit coaching business his used SunwayBoard,University the to Dato’ Sri Idris Jala, the new Pro Chancellor and the newest addition since 2015,andPTPTN loanscontinue to betightly controlled. 20% average an of by dwindled has institutions public for support field of the the country, in higher education has become crowded. Furthermore, government found now institutions private universitiesand 398 than more With workshop. planning strategic a for senate the of members senior and board its togetherbrought On 2018,30 January Sunway University’s Chancellor Jeffrey Cheah ON CHALLENGES AHEAD ON CHALLENGES TAKES SUNWAY UNIVERSITY

financial manag The Har pr initia Collabor edly beenfindingiteas Mos High-quality class ac tha Quality gr educ Sun in w ‘Har Sun research in frontier areas is to be conducted. For be conducted. to is areas frontier in research ation with top institutions will continue, and will continue, institutions top with ation teaching is to be uncompromisingly maintained.uncompromisingly be to is teaching ement ofitsendowment. y to gain employment.

provider. The days are numbered for the ‘talk andchalk’ way. educationglobal a becometo as so grouping MOOC global this technologies for teaching and learning and aim enabling to be the counted in in capability develop to is University Sunway for challenge The consortium. MOOC the as obtainable such structures from cheaply become qualifications paper as become obsolete gradually may institutions Fee-charging business. of out worldwide institutions many drive day one will education the developing on-line free provide as to universities (MOOCs) Courses Online Open Massive leading such 20 than Initiatives more of irrelevant. consortium become will worldwide Industrial Fourth years,20 than many the predictedless institutions is in that It Age. of technologies Artificial enabling key by so-called defined era approaching the (IOT), Things of Internet the and the Data Big (AI), Intelligence in function university to the how is regards challenge long-term second The universities suchasThailand’s Chulalongkorn andMahidol. be would study to models Regionally,successfuletc. propertythe and agriculture, healthcare, private as such fields in engagement remainmainly non-educational and should more traditional in raising nature, and Fund involve courses. fee-charging or more patents conduct monetize to academics its directing fundsfrom on raising or on alumni, much its too not focus should and function, world the in universities endowed highly how from learn should It income. of sources new generating on focused entirely is that that they may have. What Sunway needs now is a specialised team qualms any stills and donors to encouraging is which foundation, non-profit a under university the placed has and sustained. Cheah Jeffrey TanSri be attained, should base fund sufficient a Firstly, require itto address two majorchallenges. shall prominence global to journey University’sSunway mind my markets should be kept open and efforts to reduce trade costs and and the positive feedback effects of trade on growth, suggests that large role of trade liberalisation and trade costs in explaining trade, economy.consumption-led a to shifts Importantly,it as China, the the of prediction good a changing patterns of require demand, especially in the will large economies like trajectory growth global trade global the slowdown, accuratean currentassessmentthe of global of causes in the of rebound understanding better a the Given activity. economic of durability and strength the is leaders industry and makers policy of minds the in question obvious The Consequently, remainsfavorable withpositive spillovers to GDPgrowth prospects outlook. trade demand. Malaysia's of inglobal prognosis term short thethe recovery of reflective is year this imports and exports Malaysian in expansion strong The 2012. since slowdown trade global the of three-quarters explain to found is activity economic weak that given trade global in up pick-a for well augurs 2017 in output global strengtheningof The IMPLICATIONS 25% oftheglobaltrade slowdown. to 10 between explain can they that shows barriers non-tariff and policies protectionist with associated costs trade the of modeling entry of China into the the World Tradeand 1990s Organisation inand 2001. Empirical 1980s the during countries many by pursued The strong rise in global trade is associated with trade liberalisation FRICTIONS COSTS AND TRADE during thepre-crisis period. trade in cost and decline frictions as athe key impetusof to the importancestrong tradethe growth of because is This strengthens. growth global as period recovery the during goods intermediate impediments willgenerate positive growth dividends. Sunway University Insitutute andBoard Member, Senior Fellow, Jeffrey Cheah GHAUTH JASMON TANDRPROF SRI LANE? HIGHWAY’SCYBER SLOW ONTHE IS MALAYSIA STUCK And as with all new eras, we are already mired in it before we we online before those of it one in is which mired Amazon, on already shop We are it. notice we even eras, new all with as And economics have created thelast couple of centuries. modern and life urban that behaviours social of network the and the about is inter-activationIt of—thelife. breathingworking of lifeand into—thehome grid ofdaily machines our of part became Internet the when thought we what was which communication, transferknowledge about ICT.gatesor longer of sluice no the is It fondof. of right opening word the use the “Revolution” indeed to for is deeply are we that ideas discarding and with, comfortable become have we that routines dropping in lies challenge big The profoundly lifestyle changing. are talking about a paradigm shift that is conceptual, concrete, and we because personal is It one. global a and collective a also is it if even problem, personal a is it that admit to have Individually,we economic orintellectual life. That’s aboutit. social, of area disrupted technologically some of aspects some in versed functionally become individually can we best,At embrace. the that atAlcoholics admit to is do changes washing over to us are beyond our ability to comprehend or need well, addiction as tech-savvy the and I include their young and us, of admitting all thing first the meetings, attendees Anonymous with As comprehensive, andunforgiving. short in by, us upon form, Industrial Revolution brought 4.0. And these changes are going to be changes the absorbthe of able to aspects being manifold not us of by virtue now conservatives all are Wetoday. face us of most problem the is That it. fathom being are thought of quickly, habits so aside brushed thoroughly,so and reallycannotwethat our and concepts our is, thing The COMPREHENSION BEYOND QUITE it were. “out-teched”, outmoded, as being are thinking of ways collective that not only individuals, but also all our social routines and all our curve, steep exponentially an such on pace, a such at happening uncontroversial.is However,is it that - controllable remotely and too-distant future. The world is becoming electronically connected The Internet of Things is an apt description of our world in the not- ofmost rendered. being aspect services most of and functional manufactured, being things the now is connectivity short, in But happen that willbeeven lessexpected, orimaginabletoday.will more and expected, have not could one which ICT, of world the in happened has that much is There add. would I passes, day only to a small extent, and to a increasingly smaller extent as each I could say today that I could see it coming. But that would be true and weird acronyms now take theplaceofemotive words. friends, and in fact changed what we mean by “friends”. Emoticons communicate in with we how knowledge, access we how world, the ourselves orientate we how changing us, overwhelmed have information technology in developmentsroad, the down decades two century.Just another was yesterday.that was All that all But if notaweek. month, a times dozen a crash would computer the Furthermore, not much to search for. And web sites were often extremelyAnyway, was application. there exciting boring. very Vista—was a not simple though engine—Alta useful, download search to main sites The pictures. to and go games, was do could one What then. back Internet the on was there little how is now but curious is thing, what little nifty a was then available was that browser The the supportofacomputer technician. and HTML, of knowledge basic some was then back job my do to Languages at Stockholm University in the early 1990s. All I needed Webmasterrememberworkingas I OrientalDepartmentof atthe corruption, andlong-sighted non-partisan statesmanship. The technology is there; all that is needed is strategic sense, curbed 100% adecade down theroad. reason why no 2020, which is what Europe as a whole has today, is really and then aim for There foresight. for,Malaysiapush cannot Internetpenetration80% say an rate by that of benefits the penetration, and this was back in the early 1990s. It is now reaping Internet 100% achieve to project nation-wide a launched Sweden proportionately a Malaysia’s reached that record-low level isseriouscause for worry. fact 2018 the for and expenditure necessary, development obviously the do and wisely invest not do that countries for only threat big a is this All andatcoming, amore disruptive rate. There isnotime to waste. innovations mentioned abovethe are changingwhich our lives.at And morespeed are the experienced has who anyone to clear be Internet as possible, and the as quickly to as access possible. That good priority should acceptably have to citizens its of many as for aim should fairness, of sake the for and economy the of sake the country,for the but of future the accommodate, in investment that remains to fact the districts rural any has hardly state island the course, Of Mbps. 20.3 of neighbouring speed average an while boasts Singapore (Mbps), second per Megabits 8.9 was 2017 early in Malaysia in averagespeed Internetthe check, reality a As about investment prioritiesinthe country. worry to has one then alone, year last 5% by increased world the Internet in users of number the that consider we five years! If last million—had 22 the Malaysians—aboutover 3% about been only had growth the of but access, Internet 68.6% 2016, No by then. since sloweddoubt, have things But 2017. of end whole the a at only as Asia-Pacific by reached rate a 48.6%, at already was country the in internet-penetration rate the 2005, in sure, be To considered amongthemost expensive intheworld. the in 63rd at speed, world and 10th in Asia-Pacific in 2017; broadband and its telecom services are on lowly ranks Malaysia that fact show that the despite did is This people. tech-savvy Malaysia rather are Malaysians in elections recent in behaviour Voter the through and price, and Internet penetration rate. Sohow doesMalaysia fare here? speed broadband in comparisons compete in the future can be easily measured through international country’spotential a citizensthe for that to is means this all What MALAYSIA SLOWING DOWN? older thanFacebook, andby awholeyear. heard that platform mentioned in quite a while, but then, it is even haven’tSkype…I And began2006. of spring workingalreadythe in prototype either.proper first younger Its much isn’t tired. Twitter tech- and old the for really is 2004, February in already was it as with overflowing launched apps, Facebook, recent these a world to information. Compared in do often they which suffice, not do Text messages are now extremely stunted, and used only if pictures is nevertheless only7or8years old. favourite current Instagram,app, mayhavetake totaken properly, while kids’ off a it but Our younger. years two only is app Grab the car- yes, And before. hailing Uber is eight years old, and Malaysia’s incredibly visiting successful bothered have not would we Airbnb, with which we choose spontaneous stays in strangeis towns as old, which years 9 is with network, contact WhatsApp, our organize cleverly old; so we years 11 constant about our only now is is companion, that smartphone the hand, at closer Even at banks. Infact, we are onestep away from going cashless already. and tickets flight our exasperatinghotelwearefreeroomsnowof fromand home, waits book we engines; search useful through stunningly information obtain we systems, GPS accurate amazingly daring and foresighted; we find our way in ever bigger cities through companies that managed to grow from strength to strength by being Executive Director, Penang Institute Senior Fellow, Jeffrey CheahInstitute DATO’ BENG DROOIKEE

09 ISSUE #4 ESSAYS 10 ESSAYS was a construct for easing the colonialist’s day-to-day business business day-to-day colonialist’s the easing without addingto deeper epistemic for awareness amongthecolonised. construct a was case, this Technology,in advancement. or improvement further for technologies brought over by the the colonizers, maintain without much possibility to technicians of a cadre times was training for sufficient colonial merely during imparted education science the so, And of this. an example as history scientific and political India’s to look can One engage in scientific inquiry could potentially instigate critical thinking. colonies peoples colonized inquiry. Having scientific the over primacy given were governing for innovations technological that surprise to order it in no be Second War. World should the it after until So, colonised were had preceded Thailand) (except countries Asian Southeast All developing. continue that on the culture drew intellectual still and cumulative modernity was institutionalized scientific all, for knowledge But professionalized. scientific of production and philosophy, the natural from separation a undergone had today it know we as science when point Asia. the represents modernity into Southeast Scientific entry modernity’s scientific concerns first The ASIA SOUTHEAST IN MODERNITY SCIENTIFIC other important patents, considerations suchasthe two discussedbelow. rankings, precludes economy, of knowledge metrics quantifiable in the and innovation and with obsessed technology is science, which on ASEAN, narrative a say, to Sad of knowledge transfer to ASEAN between the 1960sand1990s. broughthad Atomsthe for Peace programme programmesother and not was that that diplomacy technological) (and science was It region. diplomacy the to alien science of act an – board the across fields hit by the 1997 crisis) in 1998 to raise the quality of instruction in STEM Thailand, Indonesia and the Philippines (among the countries hardest first-world dollars to and of World economies Bank gave millions The scientists for doingmore thantheminimallynecessary. scientist motivationIndonesian of noted lack had Malaysian a among An culture. scientific indigenous strengthenedits or research science infrastructures technological for impressive under the Mahathir regime, Malaysia, but built the country has not attended to basic implementation. have may and instance, policy between gap yawning ever- the and governance; of (budget forms autocratic hardships universities); to economic cuts expertise); scientific of level higher a to advancement or science in career a considering those for terms) monetary in just (not disincentives education); science quality (and ago are still relevant today. These include: low levelsThe factors of that scientificstymied the scientific literacy development of ASEAN 20 years FROM2018?IS 1998 DIFFERENT dynamics inany noticeable way. the changed not have 2016, in “Innovation” on tagging and (COST), 1971. Renaming it the Committeein on Science and Technology in 1978 back Jakarta in established indeed is was on (PCOST) Technology ASEAN and Committee Science Permanent in ASEAN the though culture even innovation unremarkable, and scientific overall The region. the affecting Such adiscussion, even now,issue twenty years later,crucial remains exceptional.a on thrown spotlight rare a its was it crisis, in financial 1997 the ASEAN of aftermath the in in issue, development1998 6, March technologicalthe on and focus science thematic of a status ran journal Science esteemed the When ASEAN CONTEXT ASEAN SOLVING THE IN PROBLEM AND PRIORITISATION FOR INDICATORS SDG MEASURABLE LEVERAGING MIND IN SOUTHEAST ASIA SOUTHEAST IN MIND SCIENTIFIC OFTHE AMNESIA HISTORICAL for improvement andaffect change. areas identify business, a of health the measure to used are that indicators of a myriad of a few just but are satisfaction employee turnover, inventory cost, acquisition customer utilisation, capacity investment, on return Revenue, world. the around businesses of profounda quotepracticehad The and has thinking the on impact quote from Peter Drucker, the world renowned management guru. famous the is This it”.improve can't you it, measure can't you “If the tofirst set of global goals (MDG), with measurable indicators in Goals 2000. The Development indicators Millennium the initiated community and and making policy global products international measurement consumer,the the ofquality for services of and delivery effectiveness value institutional the Recognizing GOALS DEVELOPMENT SUSTAINABLE CONTEXTOF THE HISTORICAL latterto the utilize to encourage newly inaugurated instruments for doing communities scientific experiments. scientific Japan Asian Southeast joining now the are to outreach their in KoreaEast the of diplomats South science Taiwanas and and China research. of areas and continents multiple span that collaborations scientific pursuing been have Vietnam and Thailand Singapore, neighbours. their than better doing are Malaysia and Vietnam Thailand, Today, Singapore, with their peers elsewhere. directly interacting from off them cut and isolation into scientists its forced rule military states, ASEAN developed moretoday’s of ahead initiated scientific it programmes already although in the of Myanmar, late nineteenth century, case the In citizenry. impoverished largely their of welfare the uphold from to aid stemming foreign for dependence need continuous of their circle vicious a in remain Laos and the other hand, poorer ASEAN countries such as Myanmar, Cambodia On steppedup. not ratetalentis local the fordeveloping the if term long over sustainability questionable of is that act an – costs high talentsat its of many import production to scientific had state in the rankings, chain university and value the up move country the help to expertise indigenous this address insufficient was to there However, as 2007 shortfall. in and began research in scientific its weakness fundamental realized nation, a developed of status the attained in having Singapore, breakthroughs. scientific major into translated and more cheaper to seek Unfortunately, things. doing been efficienthave of these ways of few technologists and scientists local the at dedicated place took innovations more the constraints led realfinancial and resource else, nothing If no level. that say to not is This forms ofindigenously produced technologies. The technical technology but insufficient to reverse-engineer or improve on existing modernity. the of use the scientific maintaining for never sufficient was transmitted knowledge in and participants nations equal developed became on dependent technically became states developing been, have may case the whatever But is blame. tothat up, catch to pressure in the and expediency, been economies. istellingly have may by developed It taken attitude the approach to This contradistinction improvements. scientific science of natural of outcomea as doctrine technology of instead the technology; to into handmaiden a bought as had ASEAN young tackle the of the 1960s, to By governments development, efforts knowledge. of scientific socio-economic of marginalizing fundaments the the at meant aimed immediately which now were and science technology agenda: imperialist the of repeat of decolonization, a actually was wake which the in followed consideration second The TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT FOR AND SCIENCE attained political sovereignty. half of the twentieth century, when all the countries in the region had modernity did not quite materialize in Southeast Asia scientific until the second that the claim can with one Therefore, Europe. traditions from received knowledgeones own its reconciling when struggles nevertheless was it colonized, neither not immune to imperialist wasovertures and influences nor Thailand to internal Although the of world. rest the to relation in traditions knowledge its of awareness into translates which identity, knowledge assured an have to player in hold take properly Southeast ofan Asia. Participation not in scientific modernity requires the state could practice state, sovereignthe knowledge and as autonomous modernity, scientific of but idea their colonizers, of the universities the attended who those areas, colonized the in existed class educated an that doubt no was There on Sustainable Development Senior Analyst, Jeffrey SachsCenter HOWE ANDREW FAN CHIAH Development Sachs Center onSustainable Research Fellow, Jeffrey LEE LING AI CLARISSA and hunger; achieving universal primary education; promoting education; gender primary equality and empowering women; universalreducing child mortality; achieving hunger; poverty and extreme eradicating namely: goals, eight covered MDG gnis h hv te euaoy adt t clet aa and data collect to mandate regulatory the be have who can agencies which as efforts Government such gathering entities other by performed data effectively more primary on resources JSC directing of lieu in is This region. the stakeholders solutions in sectorprivate adding value and Governments by implementation and for considered be can which practical develop to indicators SDG the analysing on resources its focus to decided has JSC timescale, agenda - is not very far away in a and policymaking implementation SDG 2015 the of year final the - 2030 ecology.As their and ASEAN in people the of betterment the for Index SDG SDSN work global the the to of extend acommitment to intends made which Index SDG ASEAN (JSC) the Center develop Sachs Jeffrey the 2018, In ECOLOGY AND PEOPLE ASEAN’S OUTCOMES INTO FOR MEASUREMENTS TRANSLATING imports, and sustainable taxation. by caused loss biodiversity emissions, CO2 parliament, in women by held seats traffic deaths, tuberculosis,management, nitrogen stunting, in challenges major are there 2017, Index SDG standard has been achieved. In Malaysia’s case, based on the SDSN significant good a means “Yellow/Orange”indicatorswhich “Green” indicatorsand challenges with indicators, challenges together major SDSN “Red” indicators, measurable technical experts have these developed a "traffic light" system to identify on Based to represent the current progress of the 17 goals for indicators157 countries. 99 define to data authoritative available globally upon IndexSDG indicatoran is which 2016, in framework that leverages a the formulated institutions, (SDSN), research and universities Network of network Solutions Development Sustainable UN the no carry solutions, develop measureable to analysed be cannot they as not value applicable are that indicators that Recognising practical and can be accepted globally. is which a manner in indicator the defining of process the in still is Nations United the that meaning the of 3, Tier 66 as classified are indicators complicated, more even matters make To data. regular provide to unable are countries of 50% than more that meaning 2 Tier as classified are indicators the of 68 2017, December 15 of As because problematic many remains of the 2017 indicators the Statistics UN December still by have 15 no on data and Commission as updated hence are not232 indicators measurable. the the of appropriate, application and comprehensive are goals SDG 17 the Whilst INDICATORS OFDATA MEASURABLE IMPORTANCE THE AND the global of citizenry, especiallythe young. aspirations increasing the meets better and society to applicable driventechnologically globalized and morecurrentcontext a the is of that development, ecological and human overall for toolkit holistic a framework SDG the make andinstitutions to added been have justice and peace, responsible production; and inequalities; consumption reduced infrastructure; and innovation industry, growth; economic and work decent sanitation; and water tailored Moreover,solutioning. clean as and such development dimensions new focus more provide to land on life and water; below life action; climate energy; clean and affordable namely goals, SDG environmental ensure sustainability has to been segmented goal educationinto four The different all. primary for education universal quality to elevated for been has goal The period. poverty, no to poverty extreme eradicating from increased been has poverty for than the moretargets.and meaningful setshigher but For example, goalthe ambitious goals, eight more its embracing by MDG significantly the upon builds is Firstly,it MDG. SDG the concept, a 2015. As September 25 on Resolution Nations United a as endorsed were which indicators, 232 and targets 169 goals, global 17 of set a (SDG), Goals Development Sustainable the of formulation the in and culminated process goals This post-2015. MDG of the the MDG, succeed toindicators set a new develop under to 2012 achieved in initiated outcomes was effort positive an the of result a As mortality, maternal mortality, incidences ofHIV/AIDS, child and tuberculosis. reduced which care health improved through saved, been have 2015 to lives2000 period million the for 21 least at that estimated is from extreme it addition, people In poverty. 1billion than more uplifted has MDG the programs,various through example, For world. the across people those towards resources global priorities, the MDG have mobilising successfully most created positive outcomes and the for prioritising issues By pressing development. for partnership global a developing and sustainability; environmental ensuring diseases; improv ih DN ates n te AEN onre t jity resolve jointly to countries their “Red” majorchallenges. ASEAN other in partners SDSN with outstanding “Red” major challenges in Malaysia and to collaborate goals by 2030. In our following accelerate phases of work, we SDG meaningfully plan to for solve standardsthe to “Green” achieving hope towards journey Malaysia’s we Index, of work SDG ASEAN phase the first for our forming papers, white 3 these Through positive context.Malaysia’s in in creating adapted be are could they how they and outcomes effective how assess around to from world practices best the studying be also to be will refined. need JSC parallel, may In which plans existing of limitations and More for ground the consideration. on issues understanding the our on deepen to officials solutions Government and experts NGOs, syndicatewith to needed practical is work specific define JSC for early to too is it hence issues, “Red” the deeply of more causes root understanding the of process the in are we Currently, most positive the impact to society. deliver 99 can which the priorities research of select out to challenges major 12 on measured indicators, focushence saving JSC a significant amount of time to JSC guiding in demonstratedusefulnesshas its ecology.2017 Index and SDG The people our affecting “Pain Points” significant most the alleviateto in limited always is practice, should which be channelled to society, solve the most problematic of areas resources that view It our 2017. Indexis SDG the by indicated challenges major “Red” the JSC is very honoured to have the opportunity to research and solve (4.1% loss), Japan KoreaSouth andTaiwan (3.3%loss) as (3.2%loss). such activity manufacturing significant with countries Asian East other with comparison in inefficiency of level high a consumer. is the This reaches before it lost is 5.9% supplied, energy of joule each For system. distribution and transmission our on loss energy the improvement is of area possible Another 42.3%. producepowerits in electricity system increasedhas from to12.5% to used coal of share the 2015, to 2001 between because be could level emission carbon higher Malaysia's for reason One capita. per than that of other upper middle higher income is countriescapita per which tonnes is 8.0 6.0 attonnes level emission Malaysia’scarbon that showed situation current the of Analysis capita. per emissions carbon of terms in Malaysia poorly ranked Index’s that observation 2017 SDG the by initiated was JSC by studied being area third The in communities various Malaysia before specific recommendations can be in formulated. stunting required of is causes the analysis understand to deeper however income, household lower correlated with highly is stunting that shows evidence Preliminary society. responsible any for acceptable not is that outcome an is This adult. an as potential mental and physical full their reaching and South Korea (2.5%). Children who are stunted are at risk of not Asian countries such Eastas Thailand (10.5%), China other (8.1%), Singapore against(4.4%), contrast This 20%. around at stagnated In Organisation. Health Malaysianstunting amongst has children recent of levelyears,the World the by specified standard of 5years height age required the than lower the deviations standard below 2 than more is who achild by measured as malnutrition guided ofchild asign is has Scientifically,stunting. is stunting into look Indexto JSC SDG 2017 the which challenge major Another of endangered megafauna inthe country. numbers dwindling the to threat immediate an as identified been the defragmentation of the natural forest. Illegal poaching has also that not only affects land use change but loss of biodiversity due to Malaysia in problem severe a is cover forest declining addition, In currently. 250 to 1950 in 3,000 from dramatically fallen have wild the in numbers whose the animal, Tiger,Malaysia’s as national Malayan such RLI, through identified be can that species keystone threatened several are There corals. and amphibians, mammals, birds, groups: taxonomic four of species threatened of status the as biodiversity for Union of International on loss Conservation Nature’s of based ListRed Index (RLI).The example, demonstrates RLI is Index For SDG the 2017. by indicated Index the SDG demonstrates the already by issues highlighted challenges the major “Red” the of accuracy and relevancy of analysis preliminary However,2018. of middle the in completed be to expected is and stages early its in is papers white the for and work distribution”. The production electrical efficient more through emissions CO2 high and “Addressing is cover”, currently “Stunting” forest and bio reporting SDGdata of at thenational andlocal level. to and collection the provideconsultation Government on agencies to continues JSC this, Notwithstanding manpower. necessary the

11 ISSUE #4 ESSAYS 12 EVENT HIGHLIGHTS • Dato’LatifahMericanCheong • ProfDrRajahRasiah,FacultyofEconomicsand Hussin, PNBResearchInstitute Dr Awang Adek • Datuk • Tan SriDato’DrLinSee-Yan, Sunway University SPEAKERS: 1 AUGUST 2017 WE? ARE ECONOMY: MALAYSIAN THE WHERE SEMINAR 1 and Russia Poland, Indonesia, Thailand. China, of experiences reform the dissecting by countries other of successes policy adapt and adopt not will economy to soughtMalaysia’s sustainseminar trajectory,growthsecond the this for same the of more doing that Cognisant • ProfWooWing Thye, JeffreyCheahInstituteonSoutheast • DrMuhamadChatibBasri • DrChalongphobSussangkarn • ProfLuMing,CenterforChinaDevelopment Studies, SPEAKERS: AUGUST 26 201725 AND COUNTRIES OFOTHER EXPERIENCES REFORM MALAYSIA FROMTHE LESSONS FOR SEMINAR 2 THE NEWECONOMICMODEL–LAGSANDPROSPECTS JOINT JCI-MEAECONOMICSEMINARSERIES:REVISITING is plagued by low labour productivity, where labour productivity labour where productivity, labour low by plagued is Malaysia that acknowledged nevertheless He growth. low global current of norm the than better significantly doing of difficulty the given Malaysia’sperformance hailed Hussin Adek Awang Dr Datuk education, talent retention anda creative ecosystem. highest The class. middle innovation better through increasing on be priority, should said, he the on taxes indirect of incidence reduces the that system a tax and productivity; in designed improvements is for that market and education labour modern fiscal a include labour, of These policies. areas the in reforms structural imperative recommended undertake He dynamism. than economic restore can rather that reforms growth term policies economic short current howstimulate explained Yan See Lin Dr Sri Tan graduate unemployment. upgradingmanufacturingratesthe high sector;in and youthand of and of productivity absence performance; currency low poor innovation; slow-down;technological investment include: which of symptoms the edge, its lost has economy real The the as trap income 2016. and 2001 between middle- a currently in caughtMalaysia is concurredthatpanellists annually 4.6% only at averaged However,growth period. 2001-2010 the was in 7.5% expectation of average growth an for official the in and period, 7.7% 1997 of - rate 1970 averagethe annual an at grew economy Malaysia’s Asian 1997-1998 the until progress good made project 2020 Wawasan The 2020. by status” nation “developed to Malaysia bring to 1991 in project 2020 Wawasan the initiated Malaysia and environmentally friendlier. faster,is fairer,that path growth renewed a on it put to required to 2017 October 31st and discuss the state of the AugustMalaysian economy and the policy reforms 1st between seminars four Malaysian (MEA) Economicco-organisedthe Association and (JCI) The Jeffrey Cheah Institute on Southeast Asia at Sunway University Asia Research Institute(TDRI) Management, ShanghaiJiaoTongUniv Department ofEconomics Association Administration, Univ

ersiti Malaya Antai CollegeofEconomicsand , Indonesia , MalaysianEconomic , ThailandDevelopment ersity

ihn ntttoa ad oiia cntans Tms f looming of Highly technocrats. of advice Times the heed to likely more are politicians when constraints. reform for windows” “political as political serve could crises economic and institutional within creativelyworkingreforms keysuccessfulis demonstrated tothe how has experience Indonesia the Basri, Chatib Muhamad Dr toAccording or approach (bigbangorgradualist) to reforms. undergird the reform process, instead of the usual focus on the speed reform lies in identifying the right country-specific economic initial conditions to central of reforms the Easternin planning todemonstrateEurope fromChina and successful how drew also Woo Prof level. leaders national the at leadership for localtalent competent of pool the developswiden to policy this Furthermore, growth. economic drive to initiatives policy new take and compete to states empower to in Malaysia decentralisation administrative proposed and fiscal Thye greater for Wing Woo Prof experience, China’s from Gleaning of strategy reap the benefits ofagglomeration andaccelerate to economic growth. This governments canenable corridors to seaports. regional close and cities expanding in cities overcome activities to economic China expansion of and for urbanisation strategy greater was key growth a economic slowing how shared Ming Lu Prof policies to reform theMalaysian economy. Policy Council be reinstated to drive the implementation of challenging Development National the that recommended She firms. private out crowd to GLCs allowing against warning growth, economic of driver main the be private must sector the said reform.to She will political a in regression many that Malaysia’s areas is due to the interference of opined vested interests Cheong and the lack of Merican Latifah Dato’ tospur non-performers.out rents inadequate oversight is weed there to if succeed innovation cannot Policy-induced programs. innovation-promotion funding when mechanism appraisal strong a up set to government of Korea, Malaysian experiences the upon called Rajah Taiwan,Singapore,Prof and Japan the from Drawing innovation. of inhibitor on main the dependence as governance cited high and property Malaysia’s intellectual importing emphasised Rasiah Rajah Prof large expansion R&D-driven in manufacturing. froma manufacturingproposedgoalof He newpolicy a to services. shifting of countries advanced of path the adopt to seeks Malaysia as challenge major presentsa This period. 1997 - 1971 forthe 3.8% tocompared period 2015 - 1998 the for 1.9% to halved has growth 2050 Nasional Transformasi the (TN50) blueprint. of formulation the help inform and policy dynamism economic restore forward to order in that should adopted put be mechanisms economists, implementation new top and directions featuring series, The the growth trajectory that would make Wawasan 2020areality. growth had been anaemic, keeping Malaysia substantially below development was that the economic performance subsequent of Malaysia in the post-AFC alarming The (AFC). Crisis Financial Basri, ProfBasri, Yeah KimLeng, Prof Woo Wing Thye, Prof Lu Ming From Left toRight: DrChalongphobSussangkarn;MuhamadChatib between different government agencies. be then will able to implement institutions reforms amidst on-going These policy conflicts with and bank. central the its inobtaining of independence success byThailand’s exemplified as politicians, by interference from independent be to operations and leaders its powers for legal suitable with endowed are that institutions strong Dr Chalongphob Sussangkarn highlighted the importance of building policy here, – run “best-fit”short takes precedence over policy“best-practice”.the in success of rates high with policies of implementation successful through built been has credibility political complexreforms longerwith termtackled be should afterimpact only • • • SPEAKERS: 31 2017 OCTOBER DEVELOPMENT SUSTAINABLE DYNAMIC FOR PROGRAM REFORM THE SEMINAR 4 sectors key over influence growing and strong have Inc., Finance of of Ministry the capitalisation by controlled marketfirms, These 2013. total in Malaysia Bursa the of 42% to Companies contributed Investment (GLICs) Linked Government seven how revealed Prof Edmund Terence Gomez shared findings from his research which development andfoster innovation. and research upscale to universities allow to Malaysia in practices the world. He called for the abolishment of preferential policies and around fromstudents and membersfaculty of recruitment the and United the leaders; its of in selection the in universities meritocracyKorea: South and States of success the driving factors key two capital thehuman the highlighted economy. He innovation-based to produce an drive to needed order in universities creating world-class on focus to policymakers urged but the economy Malaysian of performance good the acknowledged Perkins Dwight Prof the informing and 2020 Wawasan formulation of of Transformasi Nasional 2050. outcomes the achieving Malaysiangrowththe sustaintrajectoryeconomytothe of towards reformthe discussed seminar that This be priorities requiredwould Administration, Universiti Malaya • DrMuhammed Abdul Khalid • ProfDato’DrTan Tat Wai • ProfEdmundTerence Gomez • ProfDwightH.Perkins, Harvard KennedySchool SPEAKERS: 2017 9SEPTEMBER 7 AND GROWTH TOFUTURE DRIVE IMPERATIVES POLICY SEMINAR 3 aasa a a i ol nuty ht s oefl oiial. t is, It politically. powerful is that industry oil big a has Malaysia States, United the like where resistance, of one but technical, not is said one he problem, to biggest The fuels energy.renewable fossil leverages that on dependent heavily is that one from sector be eventually will players urged energy Malaysia coal He its insignificance. overhaul reducedtoto big dominate and oil will big companies and economy, technologythe that predicted Sachs Prof & that leverages data business. doing one of means massive electronic – and robotics the machines, smart place of is taking part for Malaysia. be that revolution and information up option an to harnessing rise to no longer it comes needs Malaysia is when still that standing technology, warned Sachs Jeffrey Prof and distribution; income governance; institutional design were given primary focus. resource and economic imperative upgrade;Technological the Malaysia. urgent for development sustainable addressed for series the in seminar final The

Asia Prof WooWing Thye, JeffreyCheahInstituteonSoutheast Tan SriDatukDrKamalSalih,Universiti Malaya Network Columbia Univ Prof JeffreyD.Sachs and ersity; UNSustainableDevelopment Solutions , CenterforSustainableDevelopment, , Sunway University , FacultyofEconomics , DM Analytics Malaysia

economic dynamism and national cohesion, including creating to restore including cohesion, reforms national economic institutions that permitwidespread will growth. and institutional dynamism embrace economic must Malaysia that development in resulted has believes Klang Valley. Prof Woo the in disproportionately occurring government federal the in power of fiscal Concentration states. the to administrative functions more devolve and projects; development for borrow to right the states allow states; the to taxes of use and collection the transfer should government federal the instead and expenditure, their finance to to have depend not almost entirely should onstates the thirteenfederal governmentthe forthat fiscal transfers said He level. Federal at the administrative governance and power fiscal centralization of flaw institutional over- the is major Malaysia in development a sustainable undermines that that highlighted Thye Wing Woo Prof ofminimum that to wage, whichcan supportabasicstandardliving. of ascompared of BR1M negligible impact the redistributive citing distribution, income improve that Malaysia instead heproposed should percent), 40 (bottom B40 the help to subsidies and transfers using of Instead will prospects. policies growth retard such that warning policies, economic race-based for competency. He strongly believes that there is no longer justification and within opportunity in differences to to differences relates which group, ethnic each but differences income inter-ethnic to due not is today Malaysians among disparity income that emphasised roots, systemic deep Malaysia’s sustainably.upon develop bears potential to this He and has 50% bottom and 10% top the between Tan Sri Datuk Dr Kamal Salih said that Malaysia’s extremely vast divide tothe opposition the incumbents that the is biggest barrierto change. but alternatives of lack the not therefore, channel more resources to thepoorer regions. throughfairer agedtaxation increase developmentto expenditure and to the among policy fiscal of reform the for and argued also He sub-groups. Malaysiachild and East in prevalent remains which poverty,tackling towards priority policy its re-focus to government unemployment represent major rising issues. Dr Muhammed called and on the wages stagnating workers, low-skilled of share growing and haslost nation The growth.economic ahigh-income inclusive of goalimportant more the of sight becoming of notion the with obsessed too been has Malaysia that opined Khalid Muhammed Dr of needs evolving the match to businesses. skills to produce relevant need with Malaysia graduates in universities processes, business in policy inform better place automation taking digitalisation and interventions. With rapid will data accuracy workers foreign informal that and improved formal on believes He also competitiveness. term longer and innovation product for development and research to in investing and to enforcement labour cheap on over-reliance from businesses incentives shift policy using approach a “carrot stick” for and He proposed jobs. unskilled protecting of policy the to end an for called and labor foreign on Malaysia’sdependency of impact adverse the discussed He policies. labour of review the be Tan Dr Dato’ProfTat reformshould a priority thatWai emphasised in September 2013. announced plan Empowerment Economic Bumiputera theSecurities the as business such in and policies ethnic-based of review the and Commission Commission); Anti-Corruption Malaysian the bank, central the (e.g. bodies oversight for autonomy greater institutional segregated; be to the Finance of of Minister duties and the Minister Prime for proposed Gomez Prof media. and banking; construction; and development property including economy the of Abdul Khalid, ProfAbdul Khalid, Woo Wing Thye Perkins,ProfH. EdmundTerence DrMuhammed Gomez, From Left toRight: Prof Dato’DrTan Tat Wai, Prof Dwight

13 ISSUE #4 EVENT HIGHLIGHTS 14 EVENT HIGHLIGHTS 25-26 APRIL 2017 APRIL 25-26 WORKSHOP, MINISTERS ASEAN INAUGURAL THE DEVELOPMENT INASEAN SUSTAINABLE HEADWINDS OF NAVIGATING THE MAIN COUNTRYFINDINGS MAIN INDONESIA h msae o is egbus T alw o development, for allow To removal the is which SDG, neighbours. additional an has PDR however, its Lao of can mistakes country the the repeat not thatdoes that development sustainable means of path developeda chart less being PDR Lao LAO PDR narrowing nation’s of the goal inter-province andinter-ethnic into immediate disparities. the SDGs with the plans, mainstream developmental to intends instituted 2014, government, in new the Nevertheless, development. required the implement, for,and plan provincesto ability the between upon bear measurements of inconsistency and data and facilities; sanitation markedinter-province achievement integratedgaps.of lack The and water to access levels, emission deforestation; CO2 and pit-burning as such problems with deal toattempts its in faces it challenges the about frank and aware very is Indonesia region. the for SDGs the achieving in burden significant a shoulders country,Indonesia ASEAN largest the As ​ are still being builtinurbanareas. is there sustainability while transportaton: long-term expansion of the public transport infrastructure, is more highways area compromise problem of short-term One could planning. the development that to measures lead could widespread of urbanisation needs the to of catering the also prerequisites while growth green at managing towards direction the current Attempts of decarbonisation. sense to make (GHG) trying gas still is and greenhouse 2030, by levels emission reduce 2005 the from 45% to by emissions committed has Malaysia MALAYSIA their meets 2030 Agenda of timeline aspirational the well how and areas priority interpretation their of own its has state Each conditions. geopolitical countries, these of capacity varying the to due implementation for feasible deemed were all not as targets169 the However,cherry-pickedfromcountries plan. all Philippines, the of developmentnational its into SDGs incorporatedthe has exception which the with national plans, their to developmental addition roadmap in separate SDGs the a of achievement adopted the states for these and of Thailand Most PDR. Philippines, Lao the Vietnam, Indonesia, Malaysia, developmental plans of a number of ASEAN countries, specifically 25, 2015 coincided with the onset of new phases in the national The launch of the Sustainable Development Goals on September Jeffrey D.Sachs; Undersecretary Rosemarie G.Edillon;Mr. SomkiatTriratpan, Prof Woo Wing Thye From Left toRight: DrPhouphetKyophilavong; Yogeesvaran; YBhgDatukK. Secretary PhilipGreen; Prof

of individual ASEAN countries with their different levels of levels different their with development. countries ASEAN individual of needs unique the considering especially goals, these continuousachieving and research What is long-term at aimed projects of for design the improvement in and innovation need ASEAN constituencies. the is of their come of to satisfaction the determination determine the would this doing in success their that realised they as SDGs the revealed embracedevelopedcountries,to less governments,the evenof workshop The represented. not were Myanmar and Cambodia Brunei, Australia.Singapore, interests. and countries Other represented needs national were priority for itspeopleto fullyrealise thebenefits this can bring. top given being is attainment and access educational improving the beneficiariesof of China’sone Onebe Belt Oneto Road (OBOR) itself initiative,considers and PDR Lao unusable. land its of of unexploded ordnances (UXOs) that renders a large proportion to information. While it has made great strides in improving is still low, great strides education tertiary to made access attainment, educational access has it and infrastructure While information. to to access such status, factors socio-cultural non-income including as by and income, of the beyond metric poverty assessing of direction the in moving now is Vietnam average. national the of that surpassing high, still is a long down gone has still povertysignificantly in While albeit Vietnam, the SDGs. poverty growth, the rate among achieving ethnic equitable minorities from way and two recorded stable has of Vietnam growth, decades economic of area the In VIETNAM a safe andhighlyeducated society. building and population; middle-class predominantly a with country a prosperous becoming other Its are: standards. priorities developmental of minimum bare the and provinces and districtstheir in healthcareproviding of burden the shoulder to theskyrocketed, poorly-resourcedgovernmentshavealso localand in rateshas healthcare of cost expectancyThe lowest. the among life having to region highest the among having from gone has nation the Philippines: the forconcerns biggest the of shorter-term results because of their term limits. Health remains mitigate its current problem of the government giving priority to to expected is twenty-five years next national the for plan the Philippines’ development into 2030 Agenda of integration The THE PHILIPPINES Indonesia speakingonIndonesia’sexperienceofimplementingtheSDGs Dr BambangBrodjonegoro, MinisterofNationalDevelopment Planningof then, at aqualitydeemed unsatisfactory. some form of tertiary-level education; and even populationits of 20% only with having attained nldn gne ieult. hl te quality the advanced While inequality. gender including ASEAN, inequality, economically socio-economic in of issues faces developed but most an the and country is Singapore SINGAPORE SDG’s. the achieving in approach an as serve can and SDGs the with corresponding as SEP the sees Thailand King crisis. of situations during by responses introduced principles Bhumibol, which are essentially about effective work three twenty-the supports also welfare.It own their in participants active people advocatesmaking Thailand’s sufficiency economy philosophy (SEP) THAILAND we need to relate GDP (flow) with wealth (stock) as wealth will wealth as (stock) wealth with (flow) GDP relateto need we Instead, equate well-being. to not does GDP nation. a of wealth stating that the time has comepresentationJohan’s to changeto theresponded See-Yan Lin, wayDr we measureSri Tan theProf ‘digital the embrace and strengthen socialsafety nets. practices, infrastructure, sustainable environmentally implement urban revolution’, increase in will others, among investment that, policies formulate to need will Malaysia society; ageing an and scarcity, shifts, geopolitical its in exemplar digitalisation, resourceurbanisation, as megatrendssuch global global a to response in be that stressed Johan education. to public of be quality and to 2050 country by the neutral wanted carbon especially unity youth (iii) The and diversity. society; in inclusive and sustainable a (ii) leader; global a be to Malaysia (i) for: aspirations surveys. the were responses collated and 100,000 than more halls from emerging town themes key Three dialogues, public through were Malaysians engaged 2million a than employs More it approach’. that ‘bottom-up in planning long-term government’s the continuation of unique a is TN50 lagging. is wellbeing social and high; remains inequality wealth persists; still poverty relative – in Malaysia’s global competitiveness. Several challenges,an increase thehowever, still inequality, remain as and income differences, such interracial reduced reduced plans poverty, development absolute past of of well elimination done goals has the Malaysia reach that to said Merican Mahmood Johan 2020). (1991- 2020 Vision and (1971-1990) Policy Economic New the following vision development Malaysia’snational latest(TN50), dissect to soughtforum public This upon domestic productivity. foreignon labour,bearsdependence unskilled, and skilled both other social services. It is also andrecognised systemthat Singapore’s healthcare heavythe tax heavily to expected is the 2030, medical by with certain 65 over aged be population, will citizens its of or require four in one that expectation aging rapidly Singapore’s illnesses procedures. certain with those for afflicted especially expensive, also is it high, is healthcare of ery systems.ery and infrastructures healthcare extant the their reconsider in o found poverty of faces ommunities. many the eradicate also consideration with o inequities, growing • tackle to or gender equality. • and developmentalinclusiveprogrammes areall ensure o • be made: to improvements on representatives ministerial by Consensus of energy andwater consumption. process of effecting behaviour modification of its people in areas disenfranchisement of its indigenous communities; and the slow and 1 in 5 to sexual violence; the continuous marginalization and as such gender with, violence, with content 1 in to 3 women exposed issues to physicaldomestic violence own its has it areas, many in advances Australia’s Notwithstanding Goals.” the for thus commits to the fulfilment of SDG 17, which is “Partnerships a global scale while building regional collaborations. The country partnerships, Australia is able to advance innovative practices at of knowledge diplomacy and geopolitical leverage. Through these developmental partnerships with emerging economies as a form its Australia uses agenda. national its into SDGs integrating the Australia’sAsia Southeast of to model bring to desire its and strategy; geopolitical of combination a is goals developmental Australia’s commitment to aiding Southeast Asia in attaining their AUSTRALIA • • DISCUSSANTS: • SPEAKER: 12 JANUARY 2018 ROADAHEAD TN50: THE

Asia Prof WooWing Thye , JeffreyCheahInstituteonSoutheast Prof Tan SriDato’DrLinSee-Yan, Sunway University Johan MahmoodMerican,EconomicPlanning Unit deliv T c T f able T

Transformasi Nasional 2050

efficiency. the private sector working components: together with the government ‘hardware’ to achieve and ‘software’ both of synthesis the be then would Woo,Prof to according growth, for ‘engine’ monitoring and accountability governance mechanism, and a free press. The a country’s independent an elections, just and free to requires which system, sector, refers while component government; private ‘software’ the the from the regulations good comprises by supported component ‘hardware’ The for needed ‘software’.and key‘hardware’ components goals: TN50 twothe achieve to Malaysia the economic China’s on outlined advising he transition, of experience his on reality.Drawing into vision TN50 the translate to wantingmechanism clear remains a what is that out pointed Thye Wing Woo Prof the on middle-class. burdens debt and tax reducing and inequality; reduce to wealth and income rebalancing talent; upgraderetain and education to reforms structural adopting policy; rate exchange a strong adopting total robotics; and SOEs; raising AI of through productivity role factor the todigital by reducing competition of growth more injecting construction; value-added drivers higher and the manufacturing shifting including fundamental proposed reforms He weak. so be not would Ringgit the on the ground. He said that if the economy is structurally strong, experience the and say statistics the whata between disconnectis there and high”; “sugar a on that is Lin believes growth Dr current Malaysia’s of now, As flows. income future produce the from level, physical every to thepsychological. at happen to have Changes challenges. into SDGs addressing the everydaytranslating of in idealism the firsta actedas It pursuitSDGs. the in of stepthinking global and promoting regional attempt at serious a wasworkshop The of thehost countries. sovereignty the jeopardize not do that ways in community,but in the to back from operations give urged be and corporations.should countries developed less the that benefit governments corporations Multi-national the as the between well as countries, relationships respective of the maturity in of sector level private the the on depends Much state. developing every for consideration blanket a be not government-private should collaborations Nevertheless, partners. as sector private the to turning are governments metrics, performance meeting in help and expertise financing, of sources for look to having In programmes. futurein deliberationsincluded national their developmental of more SDGs the were of inclusive of administration various stakeholders, Questions the many of makewhom would beneficiaries. like to to be how intended on raised on impacts their as well as considered be to have intangibles, including long-term, and medium short, the over benefits versus costs The efforts. such out carrying of feasibility the consider to need a is There owards value-added that services are environmentally andsupporting inter- improving o move away from economic systemstainable economic activities. dependent on communities for between infrastructures onnectivity strengthen • oved educational qualityandrigour. o through capital human of development the intensify o • •

Merican; Prof Tan SriDato’DrLinSee-Yan From Left toRight: friendly andsus t demand f T sus c T impr T or raw natural resources andcommodities, and Prof Woo Wing Thye; JohanMahmood tainable.

15 ISSUE #4 EVENT HIGHLIGHTS 16 EVENT HIGHLIGHTS the entire process was 'unstoppable' once the Colonial Office, Colonial the once 'unstoppable' was process entire the formation of the federation, Prof Chin said it was quite clear that After giving account. a detailed historical into timeline of the process Malaysia that led to East the of peoples the of views the take really not does Agreement Malaysia 1963 the on debate ongoing the that argued He Sarawak. and Sabah of viewpoint of theMalaysian Federation and related issuesasseen from the formationtothe processledthat the discussed Chin Prof James quickly university new and (POSTECH) small Technologya how illustrate and to used was Science of University Pohang of caseinterference. The and controlgovernment of them freeing time same the at appointments; faculty best the and research advanced programmes, academic innovative pursue to needed ofresearch and thatgrants is stability kind offer the institutions Endowments perpetuity. in mission education their support to grants and research endowments sufficient attract to able be must globally,universities compete to able be to and, over are allocations government on relying of days the these that believes He had forced which 20 public percent, universities to streamline their activities and all freeze recruitment. in almost cuts by budgetsuniversities government recent lamented leadership.He and and vision strategic academics and budget; talented large a of students; concentration high a university: class a world the of creation the characteristics for on necessary three perspective his shared Jasmon Ghauth Dr Sri Tan Prof of socio-economic changes andgeo-political factors. landscape fast-changing the advancement, technological by brought about education higher given survive, and relevant remain can universities Malaysian how explored seminar This • SPEAKER: AUGUST28 2017 FROMEASTMALAYSIAVIEWS FEDERATION: MALAYSIAN THE • • • SPEAKER: 2017 JULY 11 SUSTAINABILITY FOR MODELS UNIVERSITY OFMALAYSIAN TRANSFORMATIONS

Institute onSoutheast Prof JamesChin Prof Hamzah A. Rahman Dr SakinaSofiaBaharom,MARACorpEducationGroup Southeast Prof Tan SriDrGhauthJasmon,JeffreyCheahInstituteon Asia , University ofTasmania andJeffreyCheah Asia , Universiti Malaya

h wtrhd oet ae n 01 hn then-Prime when 2001 an is Malaysia in that announced Mohamad, came Mahathir Minister, moment watershed The has become a politicised issue and is used as a political weapon. Malaysia in Islamism Thus, level. official the at is “Islam” what - decides secular constitutionally is which - stateMalaysian the Malaysia is the “state-centric political in Islam” framework Islamists in which about confusion of source Another configured. be theological should state the Islamic the of how on process differ the and they justifications state, “Islamic” an be should Malaysiathat agree them of most although Hamid, Abdul Fauzi Islamists in Malaysia are not a monolithic group. According to Prof hs h sget, s h ol wy o n uhpies n East in Malaysia. unhappiness end to way only the is suggests, he This, grantedtherefore,should, 1963 in implemented.and upheld be are founding states in the federation and the political guarantees historical grievances but to acknowledge that Sabah and Sarawak at look to not is forwardway best the that suggested Chin Prof Malaysia. East for “autonomy” on arena debate ongoing economic the hence - the in especially Putrajaya, by marginalized been have they are that perception and Sarawak held widely the unhappy,with in Sabah many federation, the of century a half than more Now,after states. both of control in much very still were who authorities colonial the by managed was process entire (now The consulted. Borneo not were Sarawak North and Sabah) of as known peoples ordinary The region. the for way forward best the federation was the that decided Rahman, KuanYew,Lee Malayanthe and government Tunku under Abdul and strong anddecisive leadership. transformation; fundamental undertake to acommitment of importance the emphasized They changes. technological tertiary quality high on education in an environment delivering of constrained budgets and radical of inparticular, demands the meet to Malaya-Wales; how of shared the University and Rahman Group International Education A. MARACorp the Hamzah of Prof experiences the and Baharom Sakinah Dr and grow endowments andgrants. universities to have proactive, intelligent boards that can attract Malaysian for importance the stressed Ghauth Dr Sri Tan Prof funding. research significant attract to ability and research on became one of the top ranked universities in Asia due to its focus • SPEAKER: AUGUST29 2017 AND ISLAMISTS INMALAYSIA OFISLAMISM SHADES MANY THE for Sustainabilitypubliclecture Prof Tan SriDrGhauthJasmonattheTransformation ofMalaysianUniversity Models

Prof Ahmad Fauzi Abdul Hamid Fauzi Abdul Prof Ahmad , Universiti SainsMalaysia

for a multi-cultural, multi-religious Malaysia. He ended his talk his ended He Malaysia. multi-religious multi-cultural, a for represents groups these of each what of understanding public enough not is there that contends Fauzi Prof beliefs, their and group each of examples Giving Liberal-Modernist. and Islamist Nationalist- Sufi-Eschatologist, Neo-Salafi, Traditionalist, Salafi, are: complex. Malaysia in operating extremely groupings Islamist many is the Among ground the of on reality Islamism the and that Islamists that emphasised Fauzi Prof state. Islamic destruction of livelihoods. Consequently, the Orang Asli mostly Asli Orang and Consequently, the livelihoods. state; of destruction on the over-dependence rivers; of pollution rates; resources mortalityproper and increased disease and nutrition; foodto access reduced logging; to due land and homes their of degradation including: communities these on impacts adverse had ultimately which 1975-2006; between communities these sponsored projects that attempted to ‘develop’ and 'modernise' and state; destruction of livelihoods. Professor on the Gomes described the state- over-dependence rivers; of pollution rates; resources mortalityproper and increased disease and nutrition; foodto access reduced logging; to due land and homes their of degradation including: communities these on impacts adverse had ultimately efforts These 1975-2006. between communities these ‘develop’ to attempted that state-sponsoredprojects the described Gomes Prof cropping. cash to transitioned also and swiddeners, land and horticulturalists traditionally were people Semai livestockfarmers.The simple being and cropping cash to programmes state-sponsored through transitioned were later the groups that he lived with for extensive periods - the two on focused research Gomes's Prof social through reactions emotional stirring-up that however, of concerns Tapsellwarned, Dr voters. real younger of those the and electorate the to appeal to successful. able were highly campaigns was Both strategy Rodrigo this how votes. demonstrated both into campaign, gubernatorial and Jakarta translate 2012 Philippines (Jokowi)’s Widodo the Joko may in campaign that presidential 2016 Duterte’s public reactions the emotional social eliciting from cleverly-constructed at aimed how are campaigns recounted media also Tapsell Dr troll andunderminetheirpolitical targets. that legitimate, appear that names carefully-selectedsite bearing Dr Tapsell highlighted the ease with which fake news sites emerge, how they manipulate information to influence electoral outcomes. emergencedigitaltechnologies,mostnewtonotablythe adapt of and manage actors certain how on depend increasingly will Asia As internet penetration rises, the future of democracy in Southeast and powerful players large in politics, the and citizens who between are seeking meaningful ‘battlefield’ change. key a becoming is media digital how explained Tapsell Ross Dr presentation, this In • SPEAKER: 26 JANUARY 2018 DIGITAL REVOLUTION THE AND CITIZENS MEDIA, SOCIAL ASIA: SOUTHEAST IN POLITICS AND MEDIA NEW

Dr RossTapsell, Australian NationalUniversity . The Semai. Menraq people beganpeople hunter-gatherers,as who

Orang Asli (indigenous) Menraq and love, compassion, caring andempathy. respect,‘grounded’ in are which life, of way and values their of of them being 'backward'; and to promote a deeper appreciation educating the on people Prof Gomes concluded with a commitment to pursue his work on violent conflict, racism, bigotry and xenophobia. of tide rising the and environmentalproblems change, climate, as such challenges global myriad the resolving for model a be can and peaceable, democratic deliberative, humble, focused, community- non-violent, non-aggressive, egalitarian, being as and ecological the of relations interpersonal moral society. The modern to and lessons as offer to much has principles, practices, of their philosophies, the richness culture, terms, in material poor unquestionably rf oe wn o t sae o, hl the while how, share to on went Gomes Prof from 15%to 40%. risen had mother post-menopausal each for children deceased of number mother,the per children 5.75 to in 4.5 from rate birth Menraq community changes, the in increase an was there of demographic while that illustrating 1998, and 1978 levels the fertility the emphasised specifically Gomes Professor social, every almost in political and poorly economic indicator relative fare to the national average. and poverty abject in live emergence ofnew political candidates. the for allow also media new that arguing incumbents, political protects media new that claim the countered He divide. rural Malaysia, especially in a political landscape marked by an urban- as such countries Asian Southeast of outcomeselectoral the to central be Tapsellcan media Dr new participatory how spokeof turned into aviral smear campaign. in jail, following a remark he made that was misrepresented and elections, was accused of blasphemygubernatorial andJakarta sentenced to2017 two the years for running the in who (Ahok), media can also backfire, as in the case of Basuki Tjahaja Purnama as compared justified to just 7%for IndonesianMuslims. are bombings suicide think Muslims Malaysian of 18% where bombings, suicide to comes it when seen is pattern to compared Indonesian Muslims(4%)view ISISinfavourable light. Thesame (11%) Muslims Malaysian a of examples- percentage two disturbing higher He gave Malaysia. Muslim in wider population the for implications their and some groups, in these teachings of extremist about audience the warning by ersity, Australia • SPEAKER: 2017 JULY 14 MALAYSIA’S ASLI, PEOPLES ORANG FIRST THE MORALLYMATERIALLY POOR, RICH:

Univ Engagement &P Emeritus Prof Alberto Gomes,Dialogue,Empathic eacebuilding (DEEP)Network,andLaTrobe Orang Asli Orang Asli to currentdispel perception wih e described he which , Orang Asli

are are

17 ISSUE #4 EVENT HIGHLIGHTS 18 EVENTS CALENDAR University) and ShanghaiJiaotong (co-organised withICS Workshop 31 March 2017 Forum 29-30 March 2017 Centre, Paris) (Co-organised withAsia Dialogue 25-26 March Forum 20 March 2017 Southeast Asia) Jeffrey CheahInstitute on Sunway University andthe for HigherEducation Research, (Co-convened by theCentre 10 February 2017 Seminar Harvard Kennedy School) Governance andInnovation, Ash Center for Democratic Forum (Incollaboration with: 2017 18 &19January EVENTS –FROMJAN2017TO2018 JEFFREY CHEAHINSTITUTEONSOUTHEASTASIA Date Economy Update ontheChinese 4th Cross Dialogue Southeast Asiato Adapt? a New Phase:How is Globalisation Enters Asian Economic Panel Malaysia the Challenge in Education: Meeting Inequality inHigher Quality inAsia Education Accessand Forum: Improving Asia PublicPolicy Topic 5. Yu Miao, 4. LiRan, 3. ChenXian, 2. Pan Yingli, 1. LuMing, Speakers: 9. 8. 7. 6. 5. 4. 3. 2. 1. 3. Yin Cunyi 2. Jean-Francois DiMeglio 1. EricV. Grillon, t Asia Speakers: 2. Prof Woo WingThye, Jeffrey CheahInstitute onSoutheast Asia t Asia 1. Dato’ DrOoiKee Beng,ISEAS- Yusof IshakInstitute, Institute 5. Prof GlendaCrosling 4. Assoc.Prof MunirShuib 3. Prof Tan SriDrGhauthJasmon 2. Prof Fauziah Md.Taib 1. DrGraeme Atherton • Prof Woo WingThye, Jeffrey CheahInstitute onSoutheast Asia • Prof ChenZhao t Asia • Prof Satryo Brodjonegoro Development Panel 6:Understanding theRelationship Between Education and • Prof Tan SriDrGhauthJasmon • Prof Mayling Oey-Gardiner • DrVu QuocHuy Panel 5:Meeting JobMarket Demand • Prof Anita Lie,Widya MandalaCatholic University Surabaya • DrNay WinOo • Prof Xiao-LiMeng Panel 4:AssessingandImproving Education Quality ducation • MrMokhamadMahdum • MsDamBichThuy • DrConnieK.Chung Panel 3:BalancingAccessandQualityinTertiary Education titute (TDRI) • Prof Lant Pritchett, Harvard Kennedy School • DrDeundenNikomborirak • Prof RajahRasiah Education tralian National University Panel 2:BalancingAccessandQualityinPrimarySecondary • Pak DanielSuryadarma, SMERUResearch Institute and • DrKarndee Leopairote • Prof MichaelWoolcock Panel 1:Creating aVibrant Knowledge Sector Barry Eichengreen11. Barry 10. Yongseung Jung Speakers Southeas Indonesian Ac E Ins Aus

Southeas of Southeas Southeas Naoyuki Yoshino Li Shiyu Miojie Yu, Peking University Ming Lu Sarah Lynne Daway Kwanho Shin Muhammad AbdulKhalid Prof Woo WingThye Prof Dwight Perkins, Harvard University Universiti Malaya ShanghaiJiaotong University Universiti Malaya , Renmin University ofChina , Tsinghua University SPPM , Peking University ShanghaiJiaotong University ShanghaiJiaotong University t AsianStudies(ISEAS) andJeffrey CheahInstitute on ademy ofSciences(AIPI) AsiaCentre andAESMA , Myanmar National Education PolicyCommission , Korea University , FudanUniversity , Vietnamese Academy ofSocialSciences , Universiti Malaya , Kyung HeeUniversity , Harvard University , Fulbright University Vietnam , AsianDevelopment BankInstitute , Harvard Graduate SchoolofEducation , University ofCalifornia, Berkeley , Sunway University , Sunway University andNEON, UK , University ofthePhilippines , Universiti SainsMalaysia , Jeffrey CheahInstitute onSoutheast Asia , C-ASEAN , Harvard Kennedy School , AsiaCentre , Universiti SainsMalaysia , IndonesiaEndowment Fundfor , BandungInstitute of Technology , ThailandDevelopment Research , University ofIndonesiaand , Khazanah Research Institute , Jeffrey CheahInstitute on , Jeffrey CheahInstitute on

Public Lecture 14 July2017 Public Lecture 11 July2017 Association) the Malaysian Economic Series (Incollaboration with and Prospects Seminar New Economic Model-Lags Part oftheRevisiting The 1 August 2017 Foundation, LESTARI, UKM) with JCI,PulauBanding (JSC event incollaboration Workshop 25 &26April2017 Date Malaysia’s First Peoples Rich: TheOrang Asli, Materially Poor, Morally for Sustainability University Models of Malaysian Transformation Workshop ASEAN Ministers Are We? Economy: Where The Malaysian Topic tralia eacebuilding (DEEP)Network, andLaTrobe University, t Asia 1. Prof EmeritusAlberto Gomes 3. Prof Tan SriDrGhauthJasmon 2. Prof Hamzah Rahman A. 1. DrSakinaSofiaBaharom , MARACorp, Malaysia 10. Prof Noraini Tamin, IPBES (Intergovernmental Science-Policy velopment, Sunway University velopment, Sunway University 27. Prof Woo WingThye ysia 26. Prof Koh HockLye 25. DrLeeKhaiErn,Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia ysia 24. Prof Dato’ DrMazlinBinMokhtar , Universiti Kebangsaan 23. DrChongKok Boon 22. DrSamirHassani tralia 21. Datuk DrYogeesvaran Kumaraguru ter's Office,Thailand 20. Prof Vu QuocHuy 19. MrPhilipGreen 18. DrSomkiat Triratpan 17. Dato’ DrOoiKee Beng,ISEAS- Yusof IshakInstitute andJeffrey 16. Prof Paul Hoskin 15. Prof Tan SriDrGhauthJasmon 14. Dato’ Ir. DrLeeYee Cheong , International Science Technology velopment, Sunway University 13. Prof MariaSocorro Gochoco-Bautista , University ofthe 12. Assoc.Prof DrFoo Yin Fah tform onBiodiversity and Ecosystem Expertof Services) 11. Prof LeongChoon Heng 9. tainable Development Institute, Australia 8. 7. or Policy National andPlanning, Economic and velopment Authority, Philippines 6. 5. oreign Affairs, LaoPDR 4. 4. Dato’ Latifah Merican Cheong 3. Prof DrRajahRasiah 2. Datuk DrAwang AdekHussin 1. Tan SriDato’ DrLinSee-Yan ter's Department, Malaysia 3. 2. 1. Panelists: Development SolutionsNetwork Prof Jeffrey D. Sachs,ColumbiaUniversity andUNSustainable Keynote Speaker: Speakers Aus & P Southeas

Prof GaminiHerath, MonashUniversity Malaysia Prof Phouphet Kyophilavong Prof SumianiYusoff, Universiti Malaya Prof JohnThwaites Dato’ DrAbdulRashidMalik Rosemarie G.Edillon His Excellency Minister Saleumxay Kommasith Dato' HajiAbdulRahmanDahlan Dr BambangBrodjonegoro De De Mala Mala Aus Minis Cheah Ins and Inno Philippines De Land Degr Pla Sus De Office f F Minis Planning , Indonesia vation Centre for South-SouthCooperation titute onSoutheast Asia adation and Restoration , Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, , Sunway University , Sunway University , Vietnamese Academy ofSocialSciences , Jeffrey SachsCenter onSustainable , SDSNLeadership CouncilandMonash , Universiti Malaya , Sunway University , Jeffrey SachsCenter onSustainable , Secretary to theMinister inthePrime , Undersecretary, National Development , Universiti Malaya , Jeffrey SachsCenter onSustainable , Sunway University BusinessSchool , Sunway University , Minister ofNational Development , Dialogue,Empathic Engagement , PNBResearch Institute , Malaysian Economic Association , National University ofLaos , Jeffrey CheahInstitute on , Jeffrey CheahInstitute , Minister inthePrime , Economic PlanningUnit, , PulauBandingFoundation , Minister of

19 ISSUE #4 EVENTS CALENDAR 20 EVENTS CALENDAR Association) the Malaysian Economic Series (Incollaboration with and Prospects Seminar New Economic Model-Lags Part oftheRevisiting The 25-26 August 2017 Transformasi Nasional 2050) (In collaboration with Public Lecture 2018 12 January Public Lecture 12 December2017 Public Lecture 2018 26 January Public Lecture 25 September 2017 Economic Association) collaboration with the Malaysian Prospects SeminarSeries (In Economic Model-Lagsand Part ofthe Revisiting The New 7 &9September 2017 Public Lecture 29 August 2017 Public Lecture 28 August 207 Association) the Malaysian Economic Series (Incollaboration with and Prospects Seminar New Economic Model-Lags Part oftheRevisiting The Seminar 31 October 2017 Silk Road" initiative the 21st Century Maritime Anniversary ofthe"Building (CMEC) incelebration of4th Engineering Corporation by ChinaMachinery conference organised University) *Part ofthe (Co-organised withPeking Forum 27 October Date Ahead TN50: TheRoad Quality Research Development Through Spearheading National Development Sustainable for Dynamic The Reform Program Century Construction in21st Marine SilkRoad China-Malaysia and Cooperation between Academic Forum on Must Change Malaysian Universities Drive Future Growth Policy Imperatives to in Malaysia Islamism andIslamists The Many Shadesof Views from East Malaysia The Malaysian Federation: Other Countries Experiences of the Reform Malaysia from Lessons for Digital Revolution Media, Citizens andThe in Southeast Asia:Social New MediaandPolitics Topic 3. Prof Woo WingThye 2. Prof Tan SriLinSee-Yan 1. JohanMahmoodMerican, Economic PlanningUnit,Malaysia t Asia 2. Prof Tan SriDrGhauthJasmon 1. PhoebeThanLee 3. Prof Woo WingThye velopment SolutionsNetwork 2. Tan SriDatuk DrKamal Mat Salih 1. Prof Jeffrey D. Sachs,ColumbiaUniversity andUNSustainable tion 3. DrPeter Malaysia-China Thong, FriendshipAssociation velopment 2. Dato' AbdulMajidAhmadKhan, t Asia Jeffrey1. DrLeongChoonHeng, SachsCenter onSustainable 3. Prof Dato’ DrMansorFadzil, OpenUniversityysia-China Malaysia BusinessCouncil 2. Prof Tan SriDrGhauthJasmon 1. Datuk David ChuaKok Tee 4. DrMuhammedAbdulKhalid, 3. Prof Dato’ DrTan Tat Wai 2. Prof Edmund Terence Gomez, Universiti Malaya 1. Prof Dwight H.Perkins, Harvard Kennedy School 1. Prof AhmadFauzi AbdulHamid titute onSoutheast Asia 1. Prof JamesChin 4. Prof Woo Wing Thye titute (TDRI) 3. DrMuhamadChatib Basri 2. DrChalongphobSussangkarn, ThailandDevelopment Research 1. Prof LuMing 1. DrRoss Tapsell, Australian National University Speakers Southeas De Associa De Southeas Mala Ins Indonesia Ins , ShanghaiJiaoTong University , University ofTasmania andJeffrey Cheah , Jeffrey CheahInstitute onSoutheast Asia , Jeffrey CheahInstitute onSoutheast Asia , Jeffrey CheahInstitute onSoutheast Asia , Universiti Malaya , Sunway University , Sunway University , Former Minister ofFinance, , DC&AGroup ofCompaniesand DM Analytics Malaysia DMAnalytics , Jeffrey CheahInstitute on , Jeffrey CheahInstitute on , Universiti SainsMalaysia Malaysia-China Friendship , Universiti Malaya

His visit to Harvard was mainly to explore research collaboration research explore to mainly was Harvard to visit His ‘Deep in Reinforcement research Learning and its his Applications to further Intelligent Systems’. to was grant travel Lim’s Kok Yau her project. Energy Sustainable for support and towards stakeholders buy-in obtain to and Consumption’; Blueprint ‘Action an on proposal practical a developing in helpful be would awarded grant travel The solutions. management energy sustainable context-specific on developing focusses which Universities’ Green on ‘Energy for Strategies research action-based solution-driven a of purpose the for wasUniversity Harvard to visit Siew’sKuan Khor Jolyne Dr SCHOLARS OUTBOUND Southeast Asia. to relevant areas research on Group Education Sunway the and University exchange Harvard from staff academic and scholars academics, in between participate to opportunity the earned They University. Harvard from recipients to five and Malaysia; to six travel grants; 11 awarded Foundation Cheah Jeffrey the 2017, In GRANTS CHEAH TRAVEL THE JEFFREY make adifference at Sunway. to work, purpose-driven doing from comes that joy/fulfilment impart and engagement active from by team trusted inspiration a build to strive drew shall and this I Square. Harvard locations at various in services of career and office store, Co-op Harvard/MIT the activities, and support student services, health mental as such centres community student their of some students and the complexity of life. I also visited of generation present the with today faced we thechallenges about shared In also we institution. addition, respective our with fits it how and development of structure work, of scope students, our of demographics the on shared and met We experience. student of quality the student improveadvance to how and achievement opportunity, deeper to a ways have of and understanding share Harvard engage, at to counterparts as myso of some with meetings arranged had I University.Sunway at Harvardexperience student enhance to and improve to at 2017 June 15th University with the to aim and hope of 5th learning how spent I Sunway University Ms. LeeSiokPing, recipients from Sunway University and Monash University Monash and UniversitySunway from recipients Director, Harvard AlumniAssociation LeeMs. SiokPingwithPhilipLovejoy, Executive in Malaysia- Evidence from anEmpirical Legal Study’. knowledge on Trafficking‘The of Migrant Workers for Forced Labour Ms. Priya Sharma Amarjit Singh’s purpose of visit was to gain further Underprivileged among Communities in Literacy Cambodia- New Institutional Economics Financial Approach’. Through Reduction on ‘Poverty was research Arulanandam’s Valentine Benedict Dr of HigherEducation’. at Institutes Harvard the andSuccess and Education of School Graduate Harvard Achievement Opportunity, Student in Best Promoting the from ‘Learning at looked project Ping’s Siok Lee Ms as well as attracts andengages current cycle, students to beactive future alumni. life their throughout alumni its with connects Harvard University’, with hopes of learning how Harvard University Programmes Summer ‘Best and Practices Services Alumni on from Travelgrant YuinrecipientChia Sue-Anne Quan’s wastolearn visit and itsapplication. (DRL) learning reinforcement deep on researchers Harvard with and applications are invited twice a year. Further a year. twice invited information is available at are applications Asia(JCI) and onSoutheast Institute Cheah Jeffrey and Harvard the by Group Education University. Sunway TravelThe Grants programme coordinatedis to students at staff available and are grant the Travel States, Cheah between United Jeffrey the exchanges and academic Asia Malaysia/Southeast further to Designed www.jci.edu.my .

21 ISSUE #4 JEFFREY CHEAH TRAVEL GRANTS 22 JEFFREY CHEAH TRAVEL GRANTS also provide recommendations on how greater support to districts will research The Sarawak. in schools in leaders district by faced under Malaysia's (DTP) the District barriers and challenges the understanding by Blueprint Education Initiative toassist Programme Transformation aims Program’, Under the of Key Transformation District Districts ‘Identification School Sarawak research, of Voon’s Factors Transformation Ya Hian Mildred Ms. Islamic law’s jurisdiction over thecriminal code inMalaysia. expand to effort reform legal recent a investigate to aims which Women’,Muslim on Impact Malaysiaits Penalin and Islamic Code an Movement for The Punishment? Corporal ‘Unconstitutional on rights, human rights and Islamic law (Shari’a) with a research focus investigate women’s to was visit of purpose Gonzalez’s Katie Ms. Hanna, Rema Assoc. Prof Genevieve Clutario, andMr. Prof JoshuaEhrlich. Assoc. Voon, Ya Katie Hian Ms. Mildred Ms. were Gonzalez, University Harvard from scholars inbound Our SCHOLARS INBOUND for collaboration, which are Research, Education andEngagement. of research, I was also able to exchange thoughts and ideas on the 3 main areas area my in experts meet to able I was only not conclusion, In Compact. Global Education Research, UN on the by emphasized Goals Sustainable ideas 17 the surroundingEngagement exchange and and meet to opportunity the had I an exciting opportunity to network with leading scholars in my field of research. created also visit The research. my in them use to intend I innovative and and of ways suggested relevant were and me to presented recommendations and me ideas The it. improving with research my through went another while migrant labour,Organization) workers with child Labour work and who officers ILO (International to me connect to offered graciously Professor One topics. related on lectures guest and seminars forums, attend to able was and advice an was It pursuits. extremely researchfruitful and productive my discussion as I received with valuable guidance and well augurs areas these in experts the legal empirical with Meeting an methods. qualitative and is quantitative combines which It research Malaysia. into labour forced for workers migrant of trafficking the on centered is research of area My University.Harvard visit to As the recipient of the Jeffrey Cheah Travel Grant, I was granted the opportunity Monash UniversityMalaysia Priya SharmaAmarjitSingh, Malcom McPhersonofHarvard Kennedy School Dr BenedictValentine ArulanandamwithProfessor aims to shed light on an alternative mechanism that has the Malaysia andSingapore. that mechanism alternative an potential help trafficto reduce its associated congestion in and ills on light shed to Singapore?’, aims and Malaysia in Carpooling Drives What Asia: East Assoc. Prof Rema Hanna’s research, titled ‘Reducing Traffic in South theglobally during Company India East transformative periodofthe1770s-1830s. the of politics the of knowledge in uses theideological traces Knowledge’ of Politics the Mr.and CompanyEast India Ehrlich’s Joshua research for‘The States, PhilippineandWomen’s Histories. transnational combining ‘The Nationalism’ investigates approaches to theories of gender and race, linking together Filipina United research of Clutario's Appearance Genevieve Prof Assoc. majority rural districts. with states low-performing other in improvement replicate and Arulanandam, SunwayCollege Dr BenedictValentine projects inCambodiaandsimilareconomies. several has during thatWashingtonD.C, Bank, World the to visit highlighted my also were microfinancing of challenges under- in such The effectiveness. for revisited be to literacy has regions developed financial of re-modelling the that highlighted also was It building. role of nation and reduction poverty the and transmittedis funding the of communities,to purpose the for discussed were microfinancing institutions as achannel by which government products financial of mechanics the addition, In whole. a as region the on studies comparative and dynamics organizational disparity, accountability,income and governance economics, behavioural as to useful extremely such research, my in weresuggested angles various the into delve received insights The indeed. in University Harvard majestic experience and awesome of an was it 2017, November compound the into stepped I As the Harvard School ofPublicHealth the Practice ofHealthandHumanRightsat FXBDirectorBhabha, ofResearch, Prof of PriyaMs. SharmawithProf Jacqueline POPULAR VIDEOS OUR TOPTENMOST Discover more videosatwww.youtube.com/JeffreyInst Muhriz (IDEAS) Speaker: YAM Tunku ZainAl-'AbidinIbniTuanku Kushairi Southeast Asia), on Institute), ProfWoo Wing Thye Speakers: Dato'DrOoiKeeBeng (ISEAS–Yusof Ishak (Nanyang Technological University, Singapore) Speaker: ProfJosephChinyongLiow (International IslamicUniversityMalaysia) Speaker: DrMaszleeMalik Speaker: SyedAkbarAli (Foreign Policy StudyGroup) Ambassador (R)Dato’ M.Redzuan (Malaysia) PROF JOSEPHLIOW A CONVERSATION WITH IN SOUTHEASTASIA: THE ISLAMICSTATE (IS) TO ADAPT? SOUTHEAST ASIA PHASE: HOWIS ENTERS ANEW GLOBALISATION SOUTHEAST ASIA EAST AND FAULT LINESIN AND DOMESTC INTERNATIONAL MANAGING THE MALAYSIA STATE (IS)AND THE ISLAMIC COUNTRIES OF THEISLAMIC THE COLLAPSE THE CLUBOFDOOM- MALAYSIA AND (Jeffrey CheahInstitute

National University) Southeast Asia), on University), ProfWoo Wing Thye University ofSingapore), Prof DwightPerkins(Harvard Speakers: ProfEmeritusWang Gungwu(National (Universiti SainsMalaysia) Speaker: ProfAhmadFauziAbdulHamid (The Freedom Project, Wellesley College) Speaker: MustafaAkyol Technological University, Singapore) Speaker: DrFarishNoor Speaker: Dato'NoorFaridaAriffin

Prof Yoon Young-Kwan (Seoul (Nanyang DEMOCRACY? A THREAT TO IS POLITICALISLAM POLITICS INDONESIA CANNOT DOIN WHAT HECANAND ADMINISTRATION: THE JOKOWI FOR SOLUTIONS 2016: SEARCHING EAST ASIAIN MALAYSIA ISLAMISTS IN ISLAMISM AND SHADES OF THE MANY MALAYSIA FOR ABETTER THE G25AGENDA EXTREMISM: TALL AGAINST STANDING (Jeffrey CheahInstitute (G25)

23 ISSUE #4 JEFFREY CHEAH TRAVEL GRANTS JEFFREY CHEAH INSTITUTE ON SOUTHEAST ASIA In August 2013, the Jeffrey Cheah Foundation and Harvard University signed agreements to establish, at Harvard, two Jeffrey Cheah Professorships of Southeast Asia Studies and the Jeffrey Cheah Travel Grants, following a gift of USD6.2 million by the Jeffrey Cheah Foundation (JCF), the largest social enterprise in Malaysia. In conjunction with the gift, the Jeffrey Cheah Institute on Southeast Asia (JCI) was established in early 2014. The JCI will act as a catalyst in promoting Southeast Asian studies and as an attractive hub to develop and upgrade academic standards of teaching and research in the Sunway Education Group institutions and in the region.

THE JEFFREY SACHS CENTER ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT The Jeffrey Sachs Center on Sustainable Development is a regional center of excellence that advances the achievement of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Malaysia and Southeast Asia. Launched in December 2016 and located in the flourishing township of Sunway City, the Center was borne out of a $10 million gift from the Jeffrey Cheah Foundation to the UN Sustainable Development Solutions Network. It is now a hub for research and policy practice, creating world-class programs to train a new generation of students, practitioners and policy leaders; and expanding linkages with major universities in Malaysia and around the world to develop solutions related to the SDGs. ABOUT THE JEFFREY CHEAH INSTITUTE ON SOUTHEAST ASIA ABOUT THE JEFFREY CHEAH INSTITUTE ON SOUTHEAST ASIA

JEFFREY CHEAH FOUNDATION The Jeffrey Cheah Foundation is the first-of-its-kind in Malaysia within the field of private higher education, modelled along the lines of one of the oldest and most eminent universities in the world, Harvard University. The ownership and equity rights of the Sunway Education Group’s learning institutions, namely, Sunway University, Monash University Malaysia (jointly owned with Monash University Australia), Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sunway College, Sunway TES, Sunway International School and others, have officially and legally been transferred to the Foundation and is at more than 720 million. Governed by a distinguished Board of Trustees, the Jeffrey Cheah Foundation have, to-date, disbursed more than RM330 million in scholarships to thousands of deserving students. The Jeffrey Cheah Foundation was launched in 2010 by the Prime Minister of Malaysia, Dato’ Sri Mohd Najib Tun Abdul Razak, in the presence of its Royal Patron, H.R.H. The Sultan of Selangor, Sultan Sharafuddin Idris Shah Alhaj Ibni Almarhum Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah Alhaj. For more information on Jeffrey Cheah Foundation, please visit http://jeffrey.foundation.

PRESIDENT DIRECTOR, GOVERNANCE CONTACT US PROF WOO WING THYE STUDIES PROGRAMME PROF JAMES CHIN VICE PRESIDENT Jeffrey Cheah Institute on Southeast Asia AND SENIOR FELLOW DIRECTOR, ECONOMIC Sunway University PROF SHANDRE THANGAVELU STUDIES PROGRAMME No. 5, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, PROF YEAH KIM LENG 47500 Selangor Darul Ehsan, DIRECTOR, PRESIDENT’S OFFICE Malaysia KAREN CHAND SENIOR FELLOWS Tel: (603) 7491 8622 PROF TAN SRI DR GHAUTH DIRECTOR, EDUCATION JASMON AND SOCIAL DATO' DR OOI KEE BENG PROGRESS PROGRAMME For inquiries please contact PROF LEONG CHOON HENG

[email protected]

www.jci.edu.my JEFFREY SACHS CENTER ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT facebook.com/jeffreycheahinstitute DIRECTOR PROF WOO WING THYE SECRETARIAT youtube.com/user/jeffreyinst LEE CHOOI YEE DEPUTY DIRECTOR Tel: (603) 7491 8622 PROF LEONG CHOON HENG Email: [email protected]

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