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RFE/RI. INC: BRO4OCAST ARCHIVE \T114) RFE/RI. INC: DAILY `,-,RO. BRO4OCAST ARCHIVE ANALYSES \t114) INIFFP _Wm L RADIO LIBERTY DAILY BROADCAST ANALYSIS No. 213 (A summary of the news coverage by the Russian- language programming appears at the end of the DBA) (An * next to a program indicates designated for translation) Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. 213 for Tuesday, 1 August 1978 Felton/Riollot/Einfrank/Lodeesen A. SOVIET TOPICS -- POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL: 1. Soviet-US Relations. WASHINGTON REPORT, No. 566 (Orshansky, W 3) reported on American government regulations requiring licenses for the export of oil and gas technology to the USSR. The program said the regulations appear to be the result of Soviet policy in the human rights sphere. 2. Soviet-French Relations. PARIS REPORT (Salkazanova, P 3) was devoted to the expulsion of the Soviet Assistant Military Attache in Paris, Colonel Viktor. Penkov, as a persona non- grata after being caught red-handed when trying to obtain French defense secrets, and also to the sentencing of retired French Colonel Georges Beaufils to 8 years for working as a Soviet agent. The program said it is possible that Penkov was one of the three Soviet agents mentioned in the Beaufils trial. 3. Dissidents and Human Rights. NOTE (Fedoseyev, M 5:30) pointed to the attempt by Deputy Foreign Minister Anatoly Kovalev at his press conference to separate out of the Final Act the human rights provisions as not relevant to detente and contrasted this with TASS' assertion that human rights are part and parcel of the defense of peace and security. PRESS REVIEW (Gregory, M 6) quoted comment on the third anniversary of the Helsinki Final Act in The Times, which took issue with USSR Deputy Foreign Minister Anatoly Kovalev's .press conference statements on Western "distortion" of the , -2 - document for the purpose of "psychological warfare," which was quite a different thing from ideological warfare; The Washington Post, which observed that at the same time Kovalev made conciliatory references to "healthy tendencies in bilateral relations between the USSR and certain NATO countries; The Daily Telegraph, which ascribed the extensive celebration of the anniversary in the USSR to the fact that it has derived more benefit from it than the West; and L'Humanite, which said that human rights is a major con- stituent of the Helsinki Final Act, and supported the linkage between the defense of human rights and the search for a stable peace. MODERN WOMAN, No. 63 (Gordin and Fedoseyev, M 9) dealt with the efforts of Maria Slepak ahd her husband to emigrate to Israel from the USSR. The program described the Slepaks' protest demonstration which led to the husband receiving a sentence of internal exile and Maria receiving a suspended sentence. The program noted Maria has said she will follow. her husband into exile. UNPUBLISHED WORKS OF SOVIET AUTHORS No. 953 (Fedoseyeva, M 28) featured the 33rd installment of Boris Shragin's book The Resistance of the Spirit. 4. The Political System. GUEST OF THE WEEK, Nos. 89 and 90 (Rudolf, NY 27:30) was A.P. Fedoseev, Soviet scientist, Lenin Prize winner, Hero of Socialist Labor, etc., who in 1971 chose to remain in the West. The interview explained why he had stayed and worked in the Soviet Union for years although his first chance to leave was in 1938 -- he was engaged in work which was important and satisfying. The reason he chose to leave in 1971 was that it had become impossible for hip to continue with important and satisfy- ing work and, furthermore, by 1971 the perspectives which earlier existed for some improvement in the functioning of the system no longer seemed realistic. In addition to working in the West, Fedoseev has spent the last several years trying to think a way out of the current dilemma of the Soviet Union, which has a system which does not function but cannot be abandoned because if those who presently control it should abandon it they will lose all possibilityl of improving it.. 5. The Onassis-Kausov Marriage was the subject of NOTE (Vladimirov, M 6). The program noted that the Soviet press did not mention the marriage although the Soviet news agency Novosti (APN) had carried disparaging comment on the marriage of Monaco's Princess Caroline. 6. VASKHNIL. NOTE (Predtechevsky, M 4:30) gave biographical profiles of the outgoing and incoming Presidents of the Lenin All -Union Academy of Agricultural Sciences (VASKHNIL), Academician Lobanov and Petr Vavilov, elected to this position on August 1. The program noted that Lobanov was a protege of Stalin and Lysenko, his career being only briefly interrupted during the Khrushchev era, while Vavilov is a product of the Khrushchev era. It was observed that while little is known about Vavilov, he was one of the signatories of the 1 September 1973 VASKHNIL statement against Sakharov. 7. Literature. NOTE (Roitman, M 7) reviewed the literary contributions of Chingiz Aitmatov in connection with his being made a Hero of Socialist Labor. The program pointed out that Aitmatov, no dissident, is unquestionably a talented writer in a period when few talented writers remain in the Writers' Union. During the "Thaw" Aitmatov wrote only very ID indirectly about those things which were being openly treated by writers who no longer publish. But later Aitmatov was able to continue to write about things which other writers were not permitted to treat at all. His themes have in- cluded Stalinism, religious belief, and the contrast between Soviet reality and official pretensions. B. CROSS-REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF COMMUNIST AFFAIRS: I. PRC-Albanian Relations. NOTE (A. Vardy, M 6) took as its point of departure reports that Albania has stopped re- laying PRC broadcasts to Europe and Africa, and Hsinhua broadcasts in French and Spanish. The program recalled the previous Albanian turnabouts in respect of Yugoslavia and the USSR, and quoted La Stampa that the Albanian leaders will probably not be impressed by wooing by the USSR and East European countries, since the basis of Albanian policy remains sovereignty and independence. The program noted the PRC's rapprochement with Yugoslavia as a factor in Albania's conflict with the PRC, and pointed to the beginning of a quite intensive dialogue between Albania on the one hand and Italy, France, and Greece on the other. F-571 and FF-038 and 039 were used. 2. The PRC. NOTE (Rahr, M 7:30) discussed an article by Chinese Defense Minister Hsu Hsiang-Chien outlining China's defense policy, noting the similarities with traditional Maoist doctrine but also pointing out that Hsu stressed the need for a modern, technologically strong army. 3. The Havana Youth Festival. WASHINGTON REPORT, No. 1281 (Savemark, W 4:30) noted the general lack of interest of the US public in the Havana youth festival. US correspondents were quoted as speaking of an "international tribunal" to try "imperialism:" They also noted the presence of Arafat, Nkomo and large Soviet delegation. The program noted that a number of former CIA agents are attending as witnesses for the prosecution. C. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TOPICS: 1. Namibia. LONDON REPORT (Chuguyev, L 3) discussed South Africa's acceptance of a Western plan for the independence of Namibia, noting Pretoria still claims Walvis Bay. 2. The Non-Aligned Movement. NOTE (Henkin, M 5:30) saw little reason to share the satisfaction of the Yugoslav press with regard to the conference of non-aligned countries in Belgrade. Political ambitions among these countries, said the program, as well as great power. rivalries, have torn the movement apart. 3. US-PRC Relations. NEW YORK REPORT, No. 883-78 (Shilaeff, M 3:30) said that US Secretary of Agriculture Bergland has been invited to visit China. The invitation was extended by a high-level Chinese agricultural delegation currently touring the US. It will take place in October this year. Bergland' was quoted as saying that the prospects for the development of Sino-US trade relations is good at this point. 4. US Affairs. NEW YORK REPORT,, Na. 884-78 (Shilaeff, NY 5) reported on the press conference of Senator Edward Kennedy at which he criticized President Carter's plan for a national health care program as being inadequate. 5. Britain. LONDON REPORT (Chuguyev, L 3) discussed the proposed establishment of local assemblies in Scotland and Wales as part of the British government's attempt to deal with its nationality problems. The program noted that under the plan there will be greater autonomy in both areas because local problems can be dealt with by the assemblies. D. CULTURAL, SOCIAL, AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES: 1. An Obituary of Arctic Pioneer.and Airship Designer. Umberto Nobile.was given in NOTE.(Predtechevsky, M 2:30), which also referred to Nobile's role in the Soviet airship construction program following his Arctic mishap. 2. *Holidays in France Were. the aubject of MISCELLANEOUS' ITEMS-No.*324 (Gladilin, P 8). .3. Holidays in Italy. MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS, No.. 323 (Maltsev, Rome discussed the -numerous. opportunities for taking a 'vacation in Italy, noting that limitations that exist in the USSR are not part of the Italian. vacation scene. 4. Cultural Miscellanea. CULTURAL CHRONICLE (Maltsev, Orlov, and Gittelson, Rome, NY, and NY, 4 + 4 + 0:30) featured brief items on the annual music festival in Verona; performan- ces of ancient Greek plays in Syracuse; Rigoletto in Phila- delphia; John Kerry's Theater on Ice in New York; open air Concerts in New York; and a symphony concert in -a summer theater near Washington. THEATER AND DRAMATURGY (Zinik, L 9) contained an item on London's National Theater on the south bank of the Thames which among other things referred to performances of Naclav Havel's The Audience and Pushkin's Eugenie Onegin.
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