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RADIO LIBERTY DAILY BROADCAST ANALYSIS No. 213 (A summary of the news coverage by the Russian- language programming appears at the end of the DBA)

(An * next to a program indicates designated for translation)

Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. 213 for Tuesday, 1 August 1978 Felton/Riollot/Einfrank/Lodeesen

A. SOVIET TOPICS -- POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL:

1. Soviet-US Relations. WASHINGTON REPORT, No. 566 (Orshansky, W 3) reported on American government regulations requiring licenses for the export of oil and gas technology to the USSR. The program said the regulations appear to be the result of Soviet policy in the human rights sphere.

2. Soviet-French Relations. PARIS REPORT (Salkazanova, P 3) was devoted to the expulsion of the Soviet Assistant Military Attache in Paris, Colonel Viktor. Penkov, as a persona non- grata after being caught red-handed when trying to obtain French defense secrets, and also to the sentencing of retired French Colonel Georges Beaufils to 8 years for working as a Soviet agent. The program said it is possible that Penkov was one of the three Soviet agents mentioned in the Beaufils trial. 3. Dissidents and Human Rights. NOTE (Fedoseyev, M 5:30) pointed to the attempt by Deputy Foreign Minister Anatoly Kovalev at his press conference to separate out of the Final Act the human rights provisions as not relevant to detente and contrasted this with TASS' assertion that human rights are part and parcel of the defense of peace and security.

PRESS REVIEW (Gregory, M 6) quoted comment on the third anniversary of the Helsinki Final Act in The Times, which took issue with USSR Deputy Foreign Minister Anatoly Kovalev's .press conference statements on Western "distortion" of the , -2 - document for the purpose of "psychological warfare," which was quite a different thing from ideological warfare; The Washington Post, which observed that at the same time Kovalev made conciliatory references to "healthy tendencies in bilateral relations between the USSR and certain NATO countries; The Daily Telegraph, which ascribed the extensive celebration of the anniversary in the USSR to the fact that it has derived more benefit from it than the West; and L'Humanite, which said that human rights is a major con- stituent of the Helsinki Final Act, and supported the linkage between the defense of human rights and the search for a stable peace.

MODERN WOMAN, No. 63 (Gordin and Fedoseyev, M 9) dealt with the efforts of Maria Slepak ahd her husband to emigrate to Israel from the USSR. The program described the Slepaks' protest demonstration which led to the husband receiving a sentence of internal exile and Maria receiving a suspended sentence. The program noted Maria has said she will follow. her husband into exile.

UNPUBLISHED WORKS OF SOVIET AUTHORS No. 953 (Fedoseyeva, M 28) featured the 33rd installment of Boris Shragin's book The Resistance of the Spirit.

4. The Political System. GUEST OF THE WEEK, Nos. 89 and 90 (Rudolf, NY 27:30) was A.P. Fedoseev, Soviet scientist, Lenin Prize winner, Hero of Socialist Labor, etc., who in 1971 chose to remain in the West. The interview explained why he had stayed and worked in the Soviet Union for years although his first chance to leave was in 1938 -- he was engaged in work which was important and satisfying. The reason he chose to leave in 1971 was that it had become impossible for hip to continue with important and satisfying work and, furthermore, by 1971 the perspectives which earlier existed for some improvement in the functioning of the system no longer seemed realistic. In addition to working in the West, Fedoseev has spent the last several years trying to think a way out of the current dilemma of the Soviet Union, which has a system which does not function but cannot be abandoned because if those who presently control it should abandon it they will lose all possibilityl of improving it..

5. The Onassis-Kausov Marriage was the subject of NOTE (Vladimirov, M 6). The program noted that the Soviet press did not mention the marriage although the Soviet news agency Novosti (APN) had carried disparaging comment on the marriage of Monaco's Princess Caroline. 6. VASKHNIL. NOTE (Predtechevsky, M 4:30) gave biographical profiles of the outgoing and incoming Presidents of the Lenin All -Union Academy of Agricultural Sciences (VASKHNIL), Academician Lobanov and Petr Vavilov, elected to this position on August 1. The program noted that Lobanov was a protege of Stalin and Lysenko, his career being only briefly interrupted during the Khrushchev era, while Vavilov is a product of the Khrushchev era. It was observed that while little is known about Vavilov, he was one of the signatories of the 1 September 1973 VASKHNIL statement against Sakharov.

7. Literature. NOTE (Roitman, M 7) reviewed the literary contributions of Chingiz Aitmatov in connection with his being made a Hero of Socialist Labor. The program pointed out that Aitmatov, no dissident, is unquestionably a talented writer in a period when few talented writers remain in the Writers' Union. During the "Thaw" Aitmatov wrote only very ID indirectly about those things which were being openly treated by writers who no longer publish. But later Aitmatov was able to continue to write about things which other writers were not permitted to treat at all. His themes have included Stalinism, religious belief, and the contrast between Soviet reality and official pretensions.

B. CROSS-REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF COMMUNIST AFFAIRS:

I. PRC-Albanian Relations. NOTE (A. Vardy, M 6) took as its point of departure reports that Albania has stopped re- laying PRC broadcasts to Europe and Africa, and Hsinhua broadcasts in French and Spanish. The program recalled the previous Albanian turnabouts in respect of Yugoslavia and the USSR, and quoted La Stampa that the Albanian leaders will probably not be impressed by wooing by the USSR and East European countries, since the basis of Albanian policy remains sovereignty and independence. The program noted the PRC's rapprochement with Yugoslavia as a factor in Albania's conflict with the PRC, and pointed to the beginning of a quite intensive dialogue between Albania on the one hand and Italy, France, and Greece on the other. F-571 and FF-038 and 039 were used. 2. The PRC. NOTE (Rahr, M 7:30) discussed an article by Chinese Defense Minister Hsu Hsiang-Chien outlining China's defense policy, noting the similarities with traditional Maoist doctrine but also pointing out that Hsu stressed the need for a modern, technologically strong army.

3. The Havana Youth Festival. WASHINGTON REPORT, No. 1281 (Savemark, W 4:30) noted the general lack of interest of the US public in the Havana youth festival. US correspondents were quoted as speaking of an "international tribunal" to try "imperialism:" They also noted the presence of Arafat, Nkomo and large Soviet delegation. The program noted that a number of former CIA agents are attending as witnesses for the prosecution. C. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TOPICS:

1. Namibia. LONDON REPORT (Chuguyev, L 3) discussed South Africa's acceptance of a Western plan for the independence of Namibia, noting Pretoria still claims Walvis Bay.

2. The Non-Aligned Movement. NOTE (Henkin, M 5:30) saw little reason to share the satisfaction of the Yugoslav press with regard to the conference of non-aligned countries in Belgrade. Political ambitions among these countries, said the program, as well as great power. rivalries, have torn the movement apart.

3. US-PRC Relations. NEW YORK REPORT, No. 883-78 (Shilaeff, M 3:30) said that US Secretary of Agriculture Bergland has been invited to visit China. The invitation was extended by a high-level Chinese agricultural delegation currently touring the US. It will take place in October this year. Bergland' was quoted as saying that the prospects for the development of Sino-US trade relations is good at this point.

4. US Affairs. NEW YORK REPORT,, Na. 884-78 (Shilaeff, NY 5) reported on the press conference of Senator Edward Kennedy at which he criticized President Carter's plan for a national health care program as being inadequate.

5. Britain. LONDON REPORT (Chuguyev, L 3) discussed the proposed establishment of local assemblies in Scotland and Wales as part of the British government's attempt to deal with its nationality problems. The program noted that under the plan there will be greater autonomy in both areas because local problems can be dealt with by the assemblies.

D. CULTURAL, SOCIAL, AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES:

1. An Obituary of Arctic Pioneer.and Airship Designer. Umberto Nobile.was given in NOTE.(Predtechevsky, M 2:30), which also referred to Nobile's role in the Soviet airship construction program following his Arctic mishap.

2. *Holidays in France Were. the aubject of MISCELLANEOUS' ITEMS-No.*324 (Gladilin, P 8).

.3. Holidays in Italy. MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS, No.. 323 (Maltsev, Rome discussed the -numerous. opportunities for taking a 'vacation in Italy, noting that limitations that exist in the USSR are not part of the Italian. vacation scene. 4. Cultural Miscellanea. CULTURAL CHRONICLE (Maltsev, Orlov, and Gittelson, Rome, NY, and NY, 4 + 4 + 0:30) featured brief items on the annual music festival in Verona; performances of ancient Greek plays in Syracuse; Rigoletto in Phila- delphia; John Kerry's Theater on Ice in New York; open air Concerts in New York; and a symphony concert in -a summer theater near Washington.

THEATER AND DRAMATURGY (Zinik, L 9) contained an item on London's National Theater on the south bank of the Thames which among other things referred to performances of Naclav Havel's The Audience and Pushkin's Eugenie Onegin.

THEATER IN NEW YORK, No. 34 (Gabai, NY 7) reviewed the Broadway show The Runaways.

PRESS REVIEW (Gregory, M 6) was featured in A-3.

WORLD TODAY (Predtechevsky, M 59:30) featured programming on the following topics: the PRC Defense Minister's expose of the tactics he. would use against 'a' Soviet attack (Rahr, M 1:30);Albania's stopping transmission of Radio Peking broadcasts (A. Vardy, M 2); the non-aligned conferehce in Belgrade (Henkin, M 1:30); the third anniversary of the Helsinki Final Act (Fedoseyev, M 2:30); Maria Slepak (Fedoseyev and Gordin, M 2); the Onassis-Kauzov wedding (Vladimirov, M 2); the Jay Crawford affair (Gendler, NY 2 a talk with former Soviet Doctor of Technical Sciences Anatoli Fedoseev on the stagnation of the Soviet system (Rudolf, NY 5); the expulsion of Soviet diplomat Penkov from France (Salkazanova, P 1:30); parliaments for Scotland and Wales (Chuguyev, L 1); the new President of the Soviet Agricultral Academy VASKHNIL (Predtechevsky, M 1:30); the death of Arctic pioneer Umberto Nobile (Predtechevsky, M 1:30); and holidays in France (Gladilin, P2).

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NEWS COVERAGE

All RFE Services and RL/NS carried these stories in their newscasts of 1 August 1978:

The U.S. House of Representatives has approved a move to lift the arms embargo on Turkey. ' The Portuguese President has given political leaders until the end of the week to come up with a solution to the government crisis.

A U.S. grand jury has charged a former director of Chile's secret police in connection with the death of an opposition leader. There have been new reports about a possible East-West exchange which could result in the release of Anatoly Shcharansky. The U.S. says the latest talks with Moscow on arms sales have raised hopes of concrete results at the next meeting. Mohammed Kamel is not happy with a State Department comment concerning Egypt's 'stand on new talks with Israel. Lebanese Army troops still have been unable to reach their objective in the southern part of the country.

Some Polish farmers are said to be calling for a change in the new pension law.. RFERI.

RADIO LIBERTY DAILY BROADCAST ANALYSIS NO. 214 (A summary of the news coverage by the Russian- language programming appears at the end of the DBA)

(An * next to a program indicates designated for translation)

Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. 214 for Wednesday, 2 August 1978 Felton/Riollot/Einfrank/Lodeesen

A. SOVIET TOPICS -- POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL:

1. Soviet-US Relations. NEW. YORK REPORT, No. 887-78 (Shilaeff, NY 4:30) focused on Vance's testimony before the Senate Foreign Relations .Committee on a new SALT agreement. Reference was made'to skepticism expressed by some Senators on the plan for reducing the vulnerability of US intercontinental missiles by switching them between different launching sites. It was also noted that, in response to the question whether the Administration was delaying the submission Of a new SALT agreement to the Senate until after this year's Congressional elections, Vance said the agreement would be signed when it was ready to be signed.

NOTE (Kroncher, M 3:30) focused on the US Agriculture Department's announcement that the USSR had bought an additional 100,000 tons of grain from the US, making a total of 14.4 million tons -since 1 October 1977.. The program noted the US-Soviet grain purchase agreement, and suggested that the substantial Soviet purchases are being made to help out Poland, Czechoslovakia and Hungary, where poor harvests are reported.

NEW YORK REPORT, No. 885-78 (Gendler, NY'5) was devoted to the US House of Representatives' approval of a bill allow- ing the Federal Maritine Commission to take action against the carrying of freight at excessively low rates to and from the US in ships belonging to state-owned or state- controlled companies.; this applies particularly to Soviet. shipping organizations. 2. Dissidents and Human Rights. NOTE (Rahr, M /00) gave , the substance of. reportscirculating outside the Soviet Union.on an allegedly imminent swatl'of jailed Soviet dissident Anatoly Shcharansky for communist spies held in the West. The program quoted reports by the -Israeli. radio and Western news agencies, statements by Mrs. Rubin,. the secretary. of Samuel Flatto-Sharon, an Israeli'member of parliament who is said to be 'involved in the negotiation . of the deal, and the US State Department. It also mentioned Bonn's opposition to. a swap involving Guillaume, an East German spy now serving .a 13;-yearsentence in West Germany.

PARTS REPORT (Mirsky, P 4:30)gave the substance oi ah. article in. Le Matin which speaks Of attempts by the Soviet leadership to crush the dissident movement as exemplified by. apparent preparations for further measures against exiled Anatoly Marchenko. .The article referred to the arrival of.KGB agents in Chuna, Marchenko's place of exile, to question 'local inhabitants as to whether he had been showing an interest in gold., of which there are deposits in the. vicinity. The article doubted whether MarchenkO' would survive a further sentence,.and 'quoted from his , letter to the American Federation of .Labor Congress pointing to social. injustice in the USSR.

SPECIAL FEATURE, No. 5953 (Grigorenko, NY 7)- presented the slightly abridged text of a statement by Petr Grigorenko on the sentencing of Levko Lukyanenko. Grigorenko spoke of a further "legal tragi-comedy" in the USSR, and the destruction'of the life of a' decent, honest man.. He expressed wholehearted support for: the firm US position in the defense of the Helsinki movement in the USSR, but criticized those media voices which tried to reduce the, problem to that of the exchange of Shcharansky and Ginz burg.

LETTERS AND DOCUMENTS, No. 1487 (SChlippe, M 28) featured anonymous samizdat reports on the situation of Soviet political prisoners Petr Vins and Vasili Barladyan, and Alexaner Bolonkin, presently in an investigation prison; a stattment by Bolonkin to -Procurator General Rudenko; and a further, excerpt from the list of prisoncrs.of ConsciEnce known. to the Russian Social Fund, with auditlonal information by Kronid Lyubarsky.

LONDON REPORT (Chuguyev, J.,3:30) gave the substance of excerpts published in The Sunday Times of two semiZdat documents authored by Soviet dissident.workers Gennadi BogoIyubov and Mikhail Kukobaka. Bogolyubov criticized' the Claim of a certain US trade union official that among those in the USSR criticizing the regime there was.not a. single person with a worker's background, and quoted a KGB official that the time would come when the Euro- communists too would find themselves in Kolyma. Kukobaka urged the West to insist that the Soviet government ful- fil its obligations in respect of the Soviet people, spoke of officially fomented anti-Semitism and the state income from the sale of alcoholic beverages, and said that every- where in the USSR job vacancies were being advertized.

UNPUBLISHED WORKS OF SOVIET AUTHORS, No. 954 (Fedoseyeva, M .22:30) featured the 34th installment of Boris Shragin's book The Resistance of the Spirit, in which he discusses the term "dissidents."

Alexander Galich sang.A Terrible Century in SOUND OF STRINGS, No.' 676 (Mitina4.M 5).

3. The 1980 Olympic Games in Moscow. PRESS REVIEW (Gregory, M 2) quoted The Times (London), on the pros and.cons of boycotting the Games.

4. The Economy. HOW TO READ THE SOVIET ECONOMIC PRESS, No. 10 (Kroncher, M 9) drew attention to various articles in the Soviet press, such as a May .7 Pravda article on the. unsatisfactory progress made in the construction of the Tomsk Petrochemical Combine, which Accuse the responsible ministries and Gosplans for dragging. their heels over the industrial development of Siberia. The program suggested that this indicates a certain conflict.between.Soviet economic managers, disillusioned due to the difficulties and cost involved, and the .party functionaries: It said that this silent opposition within the system is indica- tive of the' objective processes which constantly call for a revision of economic goals and management methods.

111/ 5. Pervukhin. NOTE (Henkin:, M 6:30) examined the obituary .of former top party and government official Mikhail Pervukhin published in 'Pravda on July 25, three days after' his death. The program described the obituary,.which described Pervukhin as a "prominent figure in the construction and planning of the socialist economy," as something of a rehabilitation in viewof his having been linked in 1957 with the "anti -party ' group." At the same time, it was observed that some of his previous high 'positions, such as Deputy Chairman of the Council of People's'Commissars from 1940 to 1944,- were not . mentioned. On the .other hand, certain awards of his were mentioned for the first time. It was noted that apparently the only members of the present CPSU CC Politburo who remember Pervukhin are .Kirilenko, Mazurov, and Kosygin; Brezhnev seems to have forgotten him:completeIy. 6. .Lysenko. In .connection with the 30th anniversary of .the 1948,session of the Lenin All -Union .Academy of Agri- cultural Sciences (VASKHNIL), SPECIAL FEATURE,. No. 5954 (Rudolf and Popovsky, NY 14:30) described the career of soviet pseudo-agronomist Trofim Lysenko whose praise of. 'Stalin, purges of scientists, and effective farmers, and substitution of "common sense" agronomy for scientific method set Soviet agriculture so far back that is has to. this day not recovered: The interviewee, Mark Popovsky, attended the August 1938 session And .has published works about many Of the leading figures in. the tragic development of Soviet 'agronomy. The program described the manner in which Party support for Lysenko' destroyed free scientific.investigation, destroyed the spirit of inquiry, and '.destroyed education. The program concluded that this was part of Stalin's general terror campaign and that,the .terror campaign in turn was simply a reflection of'. the Party's primary drive for. political control and relative lack of interest in economic performance:

B. CROSS-REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF COMMUNIST AFFAIRS:

1. PRC-Vietnamese.Relations. NOTE (Shilaeff, NY 4:30) reported on continuing Sino-Vietnamese tension despite the August 8 agreement between Peking and Hanoi. to meet at the level of deputy foreign ministers to try and settle the problem of 'Chinese nationals living in Vietnam.

2. Poland. NOTE (A. Vardy, M 5:30, quoting Western correspondents in Warsaw, said that about 200. farmers from the Lublin region' have set up a self-defense Committee to protest against the new pension law. It also said that the farmers want to disouss what were called the "catastophic consequences" of official farm policies. C. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TOPICS:

1. The Middle East. WASHINGTON REPORT, No. 565 (Orshansky, W 4:30) highlighted the US government's official statement regretting Sadat's rejection of further talks with Israel under the present circumstances, but announcing that Vance will continue with his planned visit to Egypt and Israel.

2. Portugal. NOTE (Predtechevsky, M 6) backgrounded President Eanes' announcement that if the government crisis was not settled by the end of the week, he would call new elections. The program quoted observers that Eanes' threat is merely intended to induce the Socialists and the Demo- cratic Center to form a new coalition. The program used CND/IM of August 2 entitled " Portugal's Political Crisis."

3. US Human Rights Pol_icy. PRESS REVIEW (GiuLory, 1.i 4) quoted The Internationai Herbld Tribut), (0rmall that i-resident Carter's human rights policy has brouv,ht about the release of thousands of political prisoners, and in increasu in the number of persons allowed to emigrate from such countries as the USSR, but on the other hand has deepened discord with the USSR; nevertheless, this policy has the support of the majority of the American people.

4. US-South Korean.Relations. WASHINGTON laTORT, No. 568 (OrShanskyi lei 3:30). was devoted to the House of Representatives' vote In favor of restrictions on the planned withdrawal of US forces from South Korea, including consultations between the Administration and Congress on each phase of the. withdrawal. It was noted that the question is now being examined in the Conference Committee. -

5. US-Turkish Relations. WASHINGTON REPORT, No. 1283, (Savemark, W 5) was devoted to the narrow vote in the US House of Representatives in favor of lifting the arms embargo. against Turkey. Carter's expression of satisfaction was quoted.

6. French-Iraqi Relations. PARIS REPORT.(Ryser, " backgtounded the expulsion from France of three Iraqi Embassy staffers involved in the shoot-out following the arrest of a Palestinian terrorist who had raided the Embassy with an accomplice. The program noted the protest by French policemen that the three diplomats would not be tried in France, and placed the incident in the context of Iraqi support for radical elements in the PLO and related Iraqi -Syrian hostility..

7. The 20th Anniversary of the Voyage of the US Nuclear Submarine. "Nautilus" Under.. the North Pole Ice was marked in NOTE (Predtechevsky, MHO, which used an RL interview_ with former "Nautilus" commander William Anderson.

"8. The Media and the Law in Britain. MODERN" BRITAIN, No. '46 (Kuznetsov and Floyd, L 12;30) was pegged to a British TV program which dealt with the "great train robbery," including interviews with the imprisoned cul- prits. The program noted, that such a program could not' be broadcast' on Soviet TV,' and comparisons were made with the British and Soviet law enforcement systems. D. CULTURAL, SOCIAL, AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES:

1.. Houseboats in New York. NEW YORK, NEW YORK, No. 23 k (Konson, NY 9:30) noted the sizeable number of.people who live on various types of boats in the 79th Street boat basin of New York city. The program described how these people lived and the facilities on their boats.

PRESS REVIEW (Gregory, M 6) was featured in A-3 (Gregory, M 2) and C-3 (Gregory, M A).

, WORLD TODAY (Henkin, M 59:30) featured programming on the following topics: the US and the Egyptian-Israeli_dif,- ferences (Orshansky, W 2:30); the possibility of an exchange of Shcharansky (Rahr, M 4:30); the Polish farmers' protest against,the cost of the new pension. plan (A..Vardy, M 3); the lifting of the US arms embargo-againstTurkey. (Savemark, W 2:30); the PRC-Vietnam-Cambodia triangle (Shilaeff, NY 2:30); the Asean conference in Washington (Savemark, W 2:30); the Portuguese government crisis (PredtecheVsky, M 3:30); letters to The limes from dissident Soviet workers (Chuguyev, L 3); the death of Tervukhin (Henkin, M 6);.firther Soviet grain purchases (Kroncher,. M 3:30; houweboats in New York (Konson, NY 3); Petr Grigorenko on Lukyanenko (Henkin, M 3:30); and Gulag Archipelago on the construction of the White Sea Canal (Henkin, M 3).

vr/JSL Tim

NEWS COVERAGE

All RFE Services and RL/NS carried these stories in their newscasts of 2 August 1978:

Portugal's Socialists have called on the President to name. a caretaker government.

Various diplomatic moves are under way to defuse a tense situation in southern Lebanon.

France has expelled three Iraqis and urged that they beput on trial when they get home. Peking is said to want to send many students to the West to study science and technology.

Yugoslavia has protested to Sofia over the breaking of a window at the Yugoslav Ehbassy.

Craig Whitney was summoned to appear in. a Moscow court Thursday while Francis Crawford had to answer more questions. The U.S. House of Representatives has decided not to suspend arms deliveries to Chile.

The U.S. House of Representatives has expressed reservations about plans to withdraw U.S. troops from South Korea.

Ethiopia has made more claims about advances in Eritrea.

A black member of the Rhodesian government has endorsed the weekend raid on guerrilla bases in Mozambique. The Soviet Union nowholds the record for the most time spent by man in space. IP= IOW. &gall ris It&

RADIO LIBERTY DAILY BROADCAST ANALYSIS NO. 215

(A summary of the news coverage by the Russian- language programming appears at the end of the DBA.)

(An k next to a program indicates designated for translation).

..RUssian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. 215

for -Thursday, j August. 1978

Einfrank/FeltontRiollot

A. SUVIET TOPICS -- POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL:

1. Soviet -US Relations. WASHINGTON REPORT No. 567 (Orshansky, W 4) highlighted Hodding Carter's statement that considerable progress had been made in the third round of US-Soviet talks on reducing trade in conventional weapons held in Helsinki on July 18-28.

CONTRIBUTION TO THE RADIO JOURNAL "ABROAD" SERIES No. 67 (Storozhenko, NY 8) reported on a proposal by US Senator Wendell Anderson of Minnesota to change the site of the 1980 Olympic games from Moscow because of the recent dissident trials.

WASHINGTON REPORT No. 571 (Orshansky, W 2) reported on an article in The Wall Street Journal that NBC had bought insurance from Lloyds of London to protect itself against the possibility of clncellation of the 1980 Moscow Olympics. NBC has paid 85 million dollars for the TV rights to the Moscow Games.

2. Dissidents and Human Rights. NOTE (Roitman, M 7:30) pegged to a telegram sent to Brezhnev by the International Human Rights League, protesting against possible preparations for a new trial of sick, exiled writer Anatoli Marchenko, gave information on his dissident record, quoting from the Chronicle of Current Events. - 2 -

RADIO SEMINAR No. 463 (Shragin, NY 14),' investigating the motives of Yuri Orlov, the son of a worker, a party member and a successful physicist, in deciding to join the human rights movement, sought an answer in Orlov's essay Is Socialism of a Non-Totalitarian Type Possible?

UNPUBLISHED WORKS OF SOVIET AUTHORS No. 955 (Fedoseyeva, M 2:30) featured the 35th installment of Boris Shragin's book The Re- sistance of the Spirit in which he insiSts that "openness" should always characterize the activitis of dissidents seeing this as the only way of loosening the grip of double -think in Soviet society today.

SAMIZDAT REVIEW No. 331 (Lyubarsky, Salova and Schlippe,'W 28:30) continued to review the 48th issue of the Chronicle of Current Events.

3. The Pacific Fleet. NOTE (Predtechevsky, M 6) summarized a Newsweek article from the August 7 issue which notes the substantial increase in the strength of the,Soviet Pacific Fleet and the concern 'expressed1 by Japan and the US.

4. History. NOTE (Henkin, M 5) was pegged to an article in the Soviet party journal Kommunist on US author John Reed. The article claimed the Western press ignored Reed: The program noted that for many years Reed was ignored in the USSR because his often realistic portrayal of the October Revolution in Ten Days That Shook the World did not conform with Stalin's version of the Revolution.

B . CROSS -REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF COMMUNIST AFFAIRS:

1. Yugoslav-Bulgarian Relations. NOTE (Vardy, M 8) dealt with the Yugoslav-Bulgarian dispute over the Macedonian question. The program was pegged tp the 75th anniversary of the Macedonian uprising against thesTurks. An advance copy of an RAD paper (Stankovic, F-563, August'2) was one of the sources.

2. Vietnamese -Cambodian Relations. NOTE (Predtechevsky, M 3:30) dealt with an article by Henry Bradsher in The Washington Star on the Cambodia -Vietnam conflict and the role China is playing in this conflict. The Bradsher article noted that Hanoi is now using captured American-made weapons against Cambodia, including concussion bombs which Hanoi once branded as inhuman. - 3 -

L 2:30) annotated 3. Czechoslolakia . LONDON REPORT (Chuguyev, samizdat journal the first issue of a new Prague -based Czech and moral problems. Spectrum, devoted to cultural, philosophical

C. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TOPICS: provided a 1. The Middle East. NOTE (Perouansky, M 3:30) and American backgrounder on Vance's trip to the Middle East -Israeli dialogue. efforts to get a resumption of the Egyptian

terrorist acts against NINE (Rahr, M 3:30) discussed the recent the PLO and Iraqi embassies in the light of the feud between leadership of Iraqi-backed Palestinians who challenge the YaSSer Arafat.

the current Ethiopia . NOTE (Predtechevsky, M 3:30) ascribed 2. disunity in the successes of the Ethiopian troops in Eritrea to although well Eritrean camp and to the fact that the Eritreans, which to equipped for ground operations, have nothing with aid to the oppose the Ethiopian airforce. Soviet military be half-hearted Ethiopian regime was noted, but it was said to to cut all because of an apparent reluctance on Moscow's part rebel formations. ties with the largely Marxist -oriented Eritrean

discussed the con- 3. Ulster LONDON REPORT (Chuguyev, L 4:30) Archbishop Fee troversy caused by the criticism of Catholic program reported of prison conditions in Northern Ireland. The government's the prelate's criticism as well as the British that the poor reply that the prisoners were terrorists and as part of prison conditions were created by the prisoners

their protest to gain political prisoner status.

No. 570 (Orshansky, 4. US -Chilean Relations. WASHINGTON AEPORT an arms embargo W'4) backgrounded the House action in voting The program against Chile and then immediately reversing itself. embargo that the American Administration opposed the noted the while negotitions were going on with Chile concerning Letelier case. Chilean YORK REPORT No. 888-78 (Gendler, NY 4) noted NEW secret compliance with the US request for the arrest of former included on police chief, General Contreras. Background was US and previous revelations about Chilean activities in the to the arrest. about the positive reaction of Letelier's friends 5. US Affairs. WASHINGTON REPORT No, 1284 (Savemark, W 5) discussed the latest report of the US Civil Rights Commission, which ndtes that progress has been made by women and minorities in the US, but that inequality still exists.

NEW YORK REPORT No. 891-78 (Dudin, NY 3:30) discussed differences between President Carter and Senator Edward Kennedy over the question of a national health'plan.

6. Prance. PARIS REPORT (Mirsky, P 6:30) picked up a.story in the Paris newspaper Le Canard Enchaine claiming that the telephone conversations of a number of.French government members and political leaders have been tapped according to instructions issued by President Giscard d'Estaing. The program pointed out curious aspects of the story and cautioned that the newspaper is not always reliable.

D. CULTURAL, SOCIAL, AND'SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES:'

1. US Technological Developments, AMERICA -- DEEDS AND PEOPLE No. 107 (Navrozov, M 8:30) discussed latest technological developments in the American television industry, including video tape-recorders and new trends in cable television.

2. Becoming an American. BOOKS, JOURNALS AND IDEAS No. 181 (Petrovskaya, NY 10:30) presented Becoming in American by Ted Morgan, who recently became a US citizen. Morgan, who was born in France, says the individuality of Americans was one of the main reasons he chose the country -- so that he could "make his own decisions and be dependent upon no one."

,3. AMERICAN HUMOR No. 32 (Konson, NY 2:30) gave another, selection of humorous stories culled from the American press.

4. Advertising in France was the topic of MISCELLANEOUS NOTES No. 352, (Gladilin, P 9). The program compared the entertain- ingly presented if somewhat repetitious advertising in France, primarily on television, with its three counterparts in the Soviet Union: "the appeal," e.g. to "put your money in a savings account!" which is really almost an order; the imitative pseudo- advertising such as "fly by Aeroflot airplane," with its un- intended humor; and the constant messages from the real sponsor of Soviet TV, the Party. The program noted that some of the more successful screenings of short humorous anecdotes in the Soviet Union are made by teams who first study the technique of Western television advertising. The Fuse series on which the program's author worked when he was in the Soviet Union was given as an example which is often quite successful.

Thera was no Press Review.

WORLD TODAY (Panich, M 59:30) featured programming on the following topics: the Middle East situation on the eve of Vance's visit (Perouansky, M 3); the situation in Eritrea (Predtechevsky, M 3); the report by the, US Civil Rights Commission (Savemark, W 3); the controversy over conditions in Ulster prisons (Chuguyev, L2:30') Le Matin de Paris on the anti-dissident campaign in the USSR (Mirsky, P 2); a profile of Anatoli Marchenko (Roitman, M 6); the new Czech samizdat journal Spectrum (Chuguyev, L 2); the Soviet Pacific Fleet (Predtechevsky, M 3:30); Vietnam's use of US weapons against Cambodia (Predtechevsky, M 2:30); Kommunist on US writer John Reed, author of Ten Days that'Shook the World (iienkin, M 4:30); the 10th anniversary of the death of Marshal Rokossovsky (Predtechevsky and Kruzhin, M 6); and Karpov's victory over Korchnoi in the eighth game of their world championship series.

gki.JSL NEWS COVERAGE

All RFE Services and RL/NS carried these stories in their newscasts of 3 August 1378;

Ieraeli planes hit a guerrilla camp in Lebanon after a bomb Was set off in Tel Aviv.

.A PLO official was killed in Paris and a Palestinian epokesman warned of the danger of civil war in the movement.

The State Department opposes a move to out off economic aid .cco Syria.

Afghanistan has asked the U.S. to increase its foreign aid.

Mario Spares has cautioned the president against appointing a military man as the interim premier.

gjcolae Ceausescu says Romania'in no way uses its relations with China and the Soviet Union to counter-balance the other.

Leonid Brezhnev and Edward Gierek have accused Washington of trying to use trade to blackmail communist nations.

The House of Representatives has recommended that the White House review the state of relations with Moscow.

Two U.S. newsmen have been fined in Moscow for refusing to print retractions of stories they wrote in May.

Leonid Shcharansky says he did not tell his brother about reports of efforts to free him in a prisoner exchange.

Another high-ranking Soviet official in Geneva has gone home.

- \woo 11. Dpz.zhe ni bei ruin

RADIO LIBERTY DAILY BROADCAST ANALYSIS NO. 216 (A summary of t4e news coverage by the Russian- language programming appears at the end of the DBA)

(An* next to a program indicates designated for -translation)

Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. 216 for Friday, .4 August 1978 Felton/Einfrank/Riollot

A. SOVIET TOPICS-- POLITICAL ECONOMIC,- SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL:

1. Soviet-US Relations. NEW YORK REPORT, -No -89478 (Zuckerman, NY 3:30),reported that:US journalists -; and Whitney have been fined-50,rubles each by Moscow City . Court for failing to' have a denial published-for their . allegedly "slanderous" reports. ,Neither was in court, but bath agreed to -:-pay the fine on the grounds that it was 'senseless to .reSist:a Soviet court. The judge warned that this was the final deadline,' otherwise "other measures" would have 'bp be taken. VS observers see the affair as an attempt by the Soviet authorities to dissuade .foreign journalists from reporting on' the repression Of dissidents.

WASHINGTON REPORT', No. 572 (Orshansky,'W 3:30) highlighted' the amendment passed by the House.of.Representatives and authored, by Representative Lester Wolff requiringthe Administration -to carefully review all aspects of US- Soviet relations'in view 'ofthe stagnation of detente. These aspects include the persecution of Soviet human 'rights activists,. (whether the talks. should becon- tinued or not), Soviet weapons exports to developing countries, the Soviet/Cuban'ohallenge in Africa, and the effect on US-Soviet relations of broader US relations with PRC.

2 Dissidents and Human Rights.' . WASHINGTON REPORT, No.1285 (Savemark, W 5) hikhlighted the section concerning the' USSR of -the US Library of *Congress' report on the human rights - 2 - situation. in various countries.- The report said that the situation .in the'USSR had improVed.since Stalin's time as regards respect for life: and the security and integrity 'of the individual.. Further, the population enjoyed an adeqUate and increasing standard of living. On the other hand, freedom of expression and'informatiOfl continued to be restricted, and persons subjected to torture and other cruel and degrading treatment, which however.waS used . only on selective basis.. As regards the PRC, the program briefly noted' that a policy, of raising the standard of living was being accompanied by a further .restriction of indiidual freedom.

NOTE (Roitman, M 5) reported on the first visit paid to Anatoly Shcharansky In Vladimir Prison by his brother Leonid and his mother Ida Milgrom. Leonid was able tell 'his brother of the wave of protest his case had caused throughout the world, but.did not..Say anything' about talk of the possibility of his being exchanged. -Shcharansky said that when the court accepted his refusal of the services of a defense counsel, he knew he was not going to be executed. The;program.noted'the limited contacts, allowed Shcharansky with' the outside world.

JEWISH CULTURAL AND SOCIAL LIFE, No. 277' (Zuckerman, NY 6) excerpted a telegram to Brezhnev from the New York Republican Party's legisiative.assembly..protesting against the Shcharansky and Ginzburg sentences,'and a statement by leading US social-democrats who conducted ,a sit-in in. front of 'the New York .office of.Aeroflot.

A protest:meeting on New York's Wall Street over the trials of Shcharansky,'Ginzburg, Slepak and others Was described. in JEWISH CULTURAL AND ,SOCIAL LIFE, No. 277 (Zuckerman,. NY .50. Voice cuts were included of -lawyer and Harvard ' University' Professor Alan Dershovitz, who wanted sto defend Shcharanaky; and Blnai Writh President David .Blumberg

LETTERS AND DOCUMENTS, No. 1488 (Burstein, M 20:30) featured the texts of testimony by former political prisoner Yuri .BeloV in favor of Alexander Podrabinek; a statement by . .Sergei Lyapin on the investigation methods used in the Yuri Orlov case; a report on Mykola Rudenko, presently confined. in a Mordvinian. prison camp; 'a statement by Taso Berikashvili in defense of. arrested Georgian human rights and. national- religious activist Valentina Paylodze; and -a biography of. Paylodze.

UNPUBLISHED WORKS .OF SOVIET AUTHORS, No. 956 .(Fedoseyeva, .M 19:30) featured the, 36th installment of Boris Shragings The Resistance of'the-Spirit, in which he insists.that it is. wrong to .say that .the dissidents! resistance has weakened. VLADIMIR.VYSOTSKY sang. a song called In Memory of. Vasili Shukshin in SOUND OF STRINGS, No. 668 (Mitina4 M 3:30).

3. Espionage: NOTE (Predtechevsky, M 5), pegged to the dismissal of Soviet ILO employee Grigori Myagkov at the, request of the Swiss government, noted that this is only the latest in a chain of events involving Soviet UN staffers which began this April with Arkadi Shevchenko's refusal to return to the USSR; the program made especial reference to the Rezun affair, and recalled that in 1971 the defection of one single KGB agent in Britain led to the expulsion of 105 Soviet Embassy staffers. -

4. Society. JEWISH CULTURAL AND SOCIAL LIFE, No. 277 (Agursky, Isr 10) discussed what the author described as the tendency in the Soviet Union for people to believe in a conspiracy against their country. This tendency, according to the author, leads to a situation where the Soviet Union believes any means is acceptable in combatting the alleged enemy 'because. of the belief that the enemy will use all means possible himself. The program said this fear of conspiracy is shown by the anti -Zionist propaganda of the Soviet media. The author compared this anti-Zionism with what he termed a similar phenomenon in Nazi Germany. Soviet publications on Zionism were cited.

5. History. DO YOU REMEMBER? No. 57 (Pylayev, M 8:30) marked the 41st anniversary of the opening of the Moscow- Volga Canal, pointing to the tremendous cost in human suffering involved in its construction, which was carried out with slave labor from concentration camps.

6. A Paly About Stalin. AT THE BOOKSHELF (Gorbanevskaya, P 16) described the recently published play of French "New Philosopher" Guy Lardro entitled The Death of Stalin. The play was praised by Ionesco and Arrabal but has not been staged, perhaps, the program suggested, because it is too anti -Marxist to receive a subsidy, Excerpts from Stalin's speeches in the play illustrate the philosophical superstructure which he used to justify his system and distinguish it from the Nazi system, thus providing an answer to any criticism of the harsh Soviet reality by labeling that criticism "crude anti -Sovietism." There is no equivalent "crude anti -Fascism" and thus the Soviet system is free to continue operating on such precepts as "labor camps exist to serve the people, and not the people to serve the labor camps.". B. CROSS-REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF COMMUNIST AFFAIRS:

1. The PRC. NEW YORK REPORT, No. 890-78 (Shilaeff, NY 5:30) was based on information reaching the West out of Peking, according to which the Chinese government plans to send 10,000 students to study in Western Europe, the US and Canada. The Peking correspondents of the Toronto Globe and Mail and The Washington Post were quoted saying that China already had approached West Germany, France, Britain, and the US to his effect. .

2. The Economies of the Socialist Countries. WASHINGTON REPORT, No. 1286 (Savemark, W 5) gave the substance of an article in US Commerce Department journal Commerce America in which Commerce Department specialists express skepticism as to the fulfilment of the current Five -Year Plans in the USSR; Poland; the GDR, Hungary, and Bulgaria. They speak in particular of harvest difficulties, as well as the backwardness of various key industrial sectors, and point to the problem of foreign trade deficits. 3. Romania. NOTE (A. Vardy, M 6) gave the main points of Ceausescu's speech before party activists in Bucharest evidently designed to persuade not only Romanians, but the leaders of other Warsaw Pact countries, in particular the USSR, that the upcoming visit of Hua Kuo-feng would not alter Bucharest's political orientation. Ceausescu, in particular, said.he would use the visit to try and improve Sino-Soviet relations, and spoke of the pernicious effects of conflicts between CP's and socialist states, and the need to respect the independence of individual parties and the sovereignty of states. He condemned the use of arms deliveries and economic ties to divide the world into spheres of influence, and said that African problems must be solved by the Africans themselves. Ceausescu also urged all countries to abide by the Helsinki agreement. An advance copy of an RAD (Moore) report was used.

4. Hungary. NOTE (Gregory, M 5).gave the gist of an article by David A. Andelman in The New York Times describing' methods used by the leadership of the communist youth organization in Hungary to attract young people, who by and large have abandoned communism as a bureaucratic anachronism. The article recalled that a 1975 purge of members of the organization charged with apathy was ab- ruptly halted when the leaders reportedly realized they would soon have no organization left to lead.

5. The'PCF. PARIS REPORT (Mirsky, P 5) gave some of the highlights of Georges Marchais' press conference in Paris following his return from.Romania Marchais said the PCF Was against Spain's joining the. EEC because, this would. be harmful to the interests of French farmers and would also not help to solve the problems:facing-the Spanish. workers. and the Spanish people as a' whole. , A journalist reminded Marchais that the PCE supported tpain's. EEC membership. Further, Marchais, in reply to the question' whether . Marxism-Leninism remained in force for the PCF,'said no single problem could be solved once and for all by anybody, whether Marx, Engels or Lenin. Finally, Marchais .described as "bourgeois slander" reports on his working at a Messerschmitt factory during World War II. - -

C. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TOPICS:

1. The Middle East. NOTE (Perouansky, M 4:30) placed Vance's upcoming visit to Israel and Egypt against the background of the Arab terrorist attack against a Tel -Aviv market, the retaliatory Israeli air raid against a Palestinian base in southern Lebanon and Sadat's recent statement that he would not participate in further talks until the Israelis agreed to withdraw their troops from all occupied territory.

PARIS REPORT (Ryser, P 5) focused on the attack by Pales- tinian terrorists against the PLO office in Paris which left PLO representative Ezzedine Kalak and his deputy Haddad Odnan dead. The program referred to the bloody internecine strife between Iraqi -backed Palestinian extremists and Arafat's PLO, and noted the concern of the French public over these terrorist acts. Quotes were given from the PLO Paris office's statement, and a Le Monde editorial.

PARIS REPORT (Ryser, P 5) referred to protests by the French government, public and media against the recent inter-Arab terrorist feuding on French sail. The program pointed to the battle between Palestinian moderates and extremists, including their backers, noting that Le Figaro listed no less than 13 main groups fighting for the liberation of Palestine. The program observed that the spread of Palestinian terrorism to France could make EEC cooperation with the Arab world more difficult.

PRESS REVIEW (Gregory, M 6) featured comment on the present bloody internecine strife in the Arab world, particularly between Iraq and the PLO, in The Interna- tional Herald Tribune (Joseph Fitchett), The Guardian, The Daily Telegraph, Les Echos, L'Aurore, As-Saura (Damascus), Al-Ahtam and Corriere della Sera. 2. Rhodesia. LONDON REPORT (Chuguyev, L 3:30) focused on statements in the House of Commbns by David Owen, who firmly rejected the idea of lifting economic sanctions against Rhodesia, and also rejected the internal settlement, and by shadow Foreign Minister. John Davies; who said that he could also not support the request to lift the sanctions, and that while the Conservative Party could not recognize the internal settlement, itfelt that efforts towards an internal settlement had to be' supported. This led Labor MP Michael Stewart to describe the Conservative position as unclear. Owen also remarked that the government was drawing up evacuation plans for Rhodesia.

WASHINGTON REPORT (Orshansky, W"3':30) backgrounded the House of Representatives vote on Rhodesian sanctions, noting the conditions that the House placed on lifting the sanctions. The program noted that the Senate has also taken action on this subject despite Administration reservations. 3, South East Asia. NOTE (Predtechevsky, .M 6) discussed the ASEAN meeting in Washington .noting that the ASEAN states have not fallen to communism as some had predicted at the time of the Vietnam war. The program noted that communist' Vietnam and Cambodia.are now fight ing'each.other,- and that Vietnam has raised the question of, some form of link with ASEAN.

4. The US Economy. .MULTISTORIED AMERICA, No. 68 (Storozhenko, NY 8:30) discussed inflation in. the. US, noting that Americans are still purchasing many things, including 'new houses, on-the theory that inflation will only make these items more expensive. in the future. An article in US News and World Report was cited.

5. Israel. ..JEWISH.CULTURAL AND..SOCIAL LIFE, No. 277 (MeniXer, Isr 7) discussed the economic reform Program in Israel, noting its emphasis on free market processes. rather than on bureaucratic. controls. The program noted that the traditional black market in foreign currency has ended due to the government's decision to allow Israeli citizens.to hold foreign currency legally.

D. CULTURAL, SOCIAL, AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST COUNTIRES:

1. The World Population Increase to 'a Present 4 Billion was the subject of KUZNETSOV'S TALK, No. 235 (Kuznetsov, 'L1.4). 2. Italian Author Alberto Moravia's Latest Novel "Inner Life" was given a negative evaluation in AT THE BOOKSHELF (FETEsev, Rome 9). The pi.ogram observed that Moravia's latest works have been banned by the Soviet censorship; however, although they could be well presented as "criiicism of the putrefying bourgeois society," in fact it would be better to speak of the "putrefaction" of the author himself, who tries to compensate for his spiritual emptiness by describing sexual perversions, etc.

PRESS REVIEW (Gregory, M 6) was featured .in C-1. -

WORLD TODAY (Tumanov, M 59:30) featured programming on the following topics: Shcharansky in Vladimir Prison (Roitman, M 3:30); the US House of Representatives' vote S. on conditions for lifting the economic embargo against Rhodesia (Orshansky, W 3:30); The New York Times on the 411/ ideological.education of Hungarian youth (Gregory, M 2:30) the PRC's plan to send students to study in the West (Shilaeff, NY 3); the Arab terrorist attack in Israel, Israel's reply, and Vance's visit (Perouansky, M 4); the Iraqi -PLO terrorism in France (Ryser, P 3:30); the US, ASEAN, and the USSR (Predtechevsky, M 3); Vladimir Vysotsky's song In Memory of Vasili Shukshin (Mitina, M 2:30); the US Library of Congress study on human rights (Savemark, W 3:30); an automatic mine planter in the GDR (Predtechevsky, M 3); Ceausescu on Sino-Soviet relations (A. Vardy, M 3:30); Marchais' press conference (MirskY, P 3); and press reaction to the bloody strife in the Arab camp (Gregory, M 2).

vr/JSL NEWS COVLRAGE

A 1 RFE Services and RL/NS carried these stories in their newscasts of 4 August 1978:

Two top Israeli officials have expressed hope Cyrus Vance's upcoming Mideast mission will bring new peace talks.

Heavy fighting is going on in Beirut.

Portugal's Communists have tentatively agreed to formation of what they called a "government of presidential mediation."

*The U.S. says it's received no official word that Hanoi has drppped its demand for reparations.

Tanjug has taken issue with a Bulgarian statement on the Macedonian question. The U.S. House of Representatives has recessed debate on the administration's foreign aid bill.

Soviet prison authorities reportedly have refused to accept food parcels for jailed act...vist Alexander Ginzburg. Two U.S. newsmen have paid fines and costs imposed by a Moscow court in a slander case.

A Japanese negotiator is returning to Tokyo to report on the peace treaty 'discussions going on in Peking.

A well-known British politician has been charged in connection with an alleged murder attempt.

*) The CS Service did not use this item. cirgi ire R ION ISM

RADIO LIBERTY DAILY BROADCAST ANALYSIS NO. 217 (A summary of the news coverage by the Russian- language programming appears at the end of the DBA) _ (An * next to 'a program indicates designated for translation)

Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. 217 for Saturday, 5 August 1978 Romano/Einfrank/Felton

A. SOVIET TOPICS -- POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL:

1. Soviet-US Relations. On the eve of Secretary of State Cyrus Vance trip to the Middle East WASHINGTON REPORT, No. 1288 (Savemark, W 2:30) in WORLD THIS MEEK, No, 414 gave the substance of Secretary Vance's 4 August statements before the House Foreign Relations Commission on the administration's strong intention to resume the SALT negotiations with the USSR in the aim of concluding a satisfactory treaty. Thewdgram.alsO covered the Secretary's statements to journalists on American. efforts to get a resumption of the Egyptian-Israeli dialogue._

WORLD THIS. WEEK, NO. 414 (Zuckerman, NY 2:30) discussed the latest.developments in the Whitney -Piper case after. the 3 August Moscow court decision imposing a fine of 50 rubles against the correspondents for failing to retract: articles they wrote about Gamsakhurdia's confession.

WASHINGTON REPORT', No. 1287 (Savemark, W 2) in a-contri.- bution to WORLD THIS WEEK, No. 414 dealt with reports emanating from Vienna claiming that Soviet authorities had demanded the return to the USSR of it's top, civil servant at the UN Arkady Shevchenko in exchange for.Shoharansky's release to the West. The program cited White House representative.GranUM's statements on the unsubstantiated exchange. reports. 2. Dissidents and Human Rights; Religion and the work Of the Soviet-born writer Nekrasov was. the subject of RUSSIAN WRITERS AND RELIGION, No. 5 (Shmeman, NY 9:30).

BOOKS, JOURNALS, AND IDEAS, No. 182 (R. Dudin, NY 11) - discussed Robert Conquest's latest book Kolyma about prison camp life in the Soviet north.

UNPUBLISHED WORKS OF SOVIET AUTHORS, No. 957 (Schlippe . and Fedoseyeva, M 22:30) continued readings from Boris Shragin's Resistance of the Spirit.

NOT BY BREAD ALONE (Rahr, M 4) discussed a,declaration of principles published by Russian Orthodox seminarians in Paris. The program quoted from an article by Evgeny Vagin published in the Paris-based emigre journal Russian Renaissance.

SOUND OF STRINGS, No. 726 (Mitina, M 5) featured Alexander Galich singing Theoretical Romance.

3. Nationality Affairs. WEEKLY RADIO JOURNAL ON THE SOVIET UNION, No. 227 (Oganessian, M 3:30) featured an. item on a dispute between Armenian and Azeri- academicians on whether Armenia was an independent,, centralized state in the 7th to the 9th century. The program saidothe dis- puteIirstly shows that even after 60 years of Soviet rule, the much lauded friendship among the peoples of the USSR has. failed to become a reality, and. secondly tha-Lconflicts are forced to center around far 'distant times, instead of present problems.

4. Agriculture. 'WEEKLY RADIO JOURNAL ON THE SOVIET UNION, 227'(Henkin and Kroncher, M 6) featured a taik.pegged to the recent meeting of the Lenin All -Union' Academy of Agricultural Sciences. After suggesting that the meeting's .main objective was to reinforce party directives aimed at increasing agricultural yields and achieving stable harvests, the program.pointed to three main problems facing Soviet agriculture, namely, the supply and exploitation: of agricultural machinery,, chemicals, new varieties of wheat, etc. In this connection it was observed that. the successful - private farming and independent field brigades cannot be given .a. free rein becausethey contradict the political system.

5. History. WEEKLY RADIO JOURNAL ON THE SOVIET UNION, No. 227 (Kruzhin, M 7) recalled the battle between Soviet and Japanese troops at Lake Kbasan, on the Soviet-Manchurian - 3 -

frontier, in July/August 1938. The program pointed out a fact not mentionedin official Soviet sources, namely that the Japanese. attack was an attempt to establish the extent to which Stalin's purges of the military leadership had affected the combat ability of the Soviet Far East forces.

6. Air Transport. WEEKLY RADIO JOURNAL ON THE SOVIET UNION, No. 227 (Predtechevsky, M 4) included an item on the recent introduction of a special improved-service "Far-East" flight by Aeroflot between Moscow and Khabarovsk. The program asked whether this flight will suffer the fate of the "name" trains introduced in the USSR, quoting Komsomolskaya Pravda on the deterioration of the service on such trains, which rely over-heavily on the idealism, and even material contributions, of an enthusiastic young staff.

B. CROSS-REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF COMMUNIST AFFAIRS:

1. Sino-Albanian and Albanian-Soviet Relations' were discussed in ROUND TABLE TALK, No. 404 (Rahr, Verbitsky, Vardy and Vladimirov, M 20) in which RL panelists assessed Albania's total political isolation in the wake of' its split with China and the USSR. The program discussed the, background of Albania's foreign relations, especially its successive postwar alliances 'With Yugoslavia, the USSR and China, and its subsequent breaks with each. The program further touched'on the inevitability of Albania's having to -seek a new ally ,and postulations were made as to who it might. be.

2. CZECHOSLOVAKIA: TEN YEARS AFTER THE OCCUPATION (Levin, M 29) dealt with the events June and. July 1968An Czecho- slovakia, noting increasing Soviet pressure on the. Dubcek regime. The program pointed out the,adverse:reaction in Moscow to'the "2000 Words" manifesto calling for liberalization in Czechoslovakia.

C. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TOPICS:

1. The Middle East. THE WORLD THIS WEEK, No. 414 (Perelman, Isr 3:30) reviewed the political events which dominated the news in Israel for the past week as well as the conflicting reports in the Israeli press naming various persons considered as part of an East-West exchange for jailed dissident Anatoly Shcharansky.

WORLD THIS WEEK, No. 414 (Mirsky, P 4) reviewed, the week's bloody attacks in Paris 'by. rival Palestinian factions. -4

2. ASEAN. Pegged.to the. just -concluded meeting in Washington of the foreign ministers of. the .five ASEAN:. member states 'WORLD THIS WEEK, No. 414. (Predtechevsky, M 3:30) discussed the. results of this meeting and gave. background on the political.and economic situation of the ASEAN member states. .

3. An Article in "US News and World Report" on the Size of' the American National Debt which' is now tabulated in trillions of dollars was discussed in AT THE' END OF THE HOUR (Storozhenko, NY 2).

D. CULTURAL, SOCIAL, AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES:

1. CULTURE (Henkina, M 25:30) dealt with:various art exhibits in Europe and the US. The exhibit in London of. the worksof.Jasper Jones (GolomShtok, L 9), an exhibition of American poster art in.Paris P 4), and a, . planned exhibit of Soviet non-conformist art in West Berlin (Glazer, P 4), were given extensive feature treatment. 'Also covered were an exhibit of late'19th century art in Ascona, Italy, an exhibit at the University of Connecticut by Soviet -born artist Evgeny Ruchin, a show of photographs from Imperial China at Asia House in New York, an exhibit of'portraits at New York's Museum.of Modern Art and the planned exhibition at the Metropolitan Museaum of Art in New York of treasures 'from Moscow's Kremlin Museum..* (Maltsev, Lyanda, Orlov, R, NY, 8:30).

2. Religion. NOT BY BREAD ALONE (Rahr, M 12) featured shOrt .reports on religious news, including the Pentecostalists at the US Embassy in Moscow, the controversy in the Anglican Church over 'the demand that women be allowed to become priests, the question of Judaism in the USSR, the persecution -of the Catholic Church in Equatorial Guinea, a London . symposium on Islam, the protest by the Irish Catholic Primate about prison conditions in Ulster, and the planned conference of Latin American Catholic Bishops in Mexico in' October. SUNDAY SERVICE, No. 111 (Sidorovski, NY 4) consisted of services taped at a Russian Orthodox Church monastery outside; New York. The sermon dealt with the problem of spiritual blindness.

The raising of. Lazarus from the dead was one of the topics of NOT BY BREAD ALONE.(Sidorenko, NY 4). 5

3. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY TODAY,..No. 150 (Muslin', NY 4). consisted of seven short science notes, including latest developments in video tape -recorders, Cameras, alcoholism research and therapy for treating depressed' women who have lost their. husbands.

vr/DF

NEWS COVERAGE

hll RFE Services and RL/NS carried these stories in their newscasts of 5 August 1978:

Cyrus Vance has arrived in Tel Aviv in an effort to revive the Middle East peace talks.

There has been anew outbreak of rocket and artillery fire in east Beirut.

The dispute between rival Palestinian factions has brought the deaths of four persons in Pakistan.

President Carter has reiterated his pledge to maintain America's defepses.

Moscow has warned China and the West they cannot devlop their Lies at its expense.

The Shah of Iran has promised European -style democracy.

A Vietnamese official is quoted as saying Hanoi is ready to have unconditional talks about resuming relations with the U.S.

A senior Chinese official is in Hanoi for talks on settling the ethnic Chinese issue.

Tanjug says Hua Kuo-feng will visit Belgrade this month.

Soviet dissident Alexander Zinoviev says he leaves for the West Sunday.

1. isff. wa.

RADIO LIBERTY DAILY BROADCAST ANALYSIS No, 218 (A summary of the news coverage by the Russian- language programming appears at the end of the DBA)

(An *'next to a program indicates designated for translation)

Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. 218 for Sunday, 6 August 1978

ID Romano/Einfrank

A. SOVIET TOPICS -- POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL:

1. Soviet-US Relations. The third anniversary of the signing of the Helsinki Final Act on Cooperation and Security in Europe served as the topic of discussion in ROUND TABLE TALK (Perouansky, Roitman, and Levin, M 21). RL panelists assessed the results and implementation of the political, military, economic, and human rights provisions of the Final Act with particular attention to Soviet non-compliance -and violation. of the human rights provisions. Moreover, the panel participants took critical issue with a statement released on this anniversary by Soviet Deputy Foreign Minister Anatoly Kovalev.

2. Dissidents and Human Rights. TEN YEARS OF THE CHRONICLE OF CURRENT EVENTS, No. 22 (Alexeeva, NY 10) dealt with the nationalist and democratic movement in Armenia, noting police repression and imprisonment of Armenian dissidents.

DOCUMENTS OF OUR TIME, No. 148 (Schlippe, M 29) presented a taped interview made by American David Shimon 20 April 1978 with Soviet human rights activist Podrabinek, author of Punitive Medicine, prior to the latter's arrest a month later. The program concentrated on the reasons for Podrabinek's decision to expose the abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union, his recognition of the consequences he could expect from his activities, and the education and experiences which helped form his.attitudes. The interview was followed by the reading of a samizdat document noting Podrabinek's arrest and describing his work. .1111

-UNPUBLISHED. WORKS OF SOVIET AUTHORS, No. 958 (Schlippe and Fedoseyeva, M 25) continued readings from Boris Shragin's Resistance of the Spirit.

3. NATIONALITIES. PROBLEM IN THE WORLD TODAY, No. 34 -(Silnitsky, NY 8) dealt with the constitutiOn of the Aussian. Republic and the .contradictions between practice. And the printed word. -

PANORAMA, NO. 893 (ZuckerMan, NY 5) highlighted an article by Herbert E. Meyer in Fortune magazine entitled "The Coming Soviet Ethnic' Crisis", which dealt with the transformation of ethniE-Ruesians from majority. to minority status in the coming decade. .TheTrogram cited the author on the political and economic impact this demographic shift may pose to the soviet leadership in the next decade. 4. History. :PIFTY' YEARS AGO, No. 199 (11.Dudin, NY 13:30) discussed the meeting of. the Third Congress of the non- . Bolshevik Workers International in Brusselt'in 1928. The program pointed out". that the Brussels Congress; which was dominated by-Mensheviks and other Bolshevik opponents, was faced with two problems the rise of fascism on.one hand 'and the threat from Moscow-dominated Bolshevism. The program alsonoted the.developing alliance between Fascists 'and Bolsheviks.

B. CROSS-REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF COMMUNIST AFFAIRS:

1. The Growing Importance of the Crimea Meetings was discussed j: PANORAMA (Predtechevsky, M 4) based on a Neue.

ZUerCher Zeitung article. , The program analyzed the text 'of the communiques issued after Brezhnev'S'separate- Meetings with a number of.Eastern'European leaders, which .included. strong criticism of China: .In this connection the program deliberated whether or -not Ceausescu would meet with Brezhnev in: the Crimea, particularly since the Romanian' leader is due to receive Hua Kuo-feng in Bucharest.in mid- August. In addition, the program noted the significance of Mongolian Party Chief Tsedenbal's.planned meeting with Brezhney in"the Crimea.

2. Albariia. EAST. EUROPEAN JOURNAL, No. 69 (S. Vardy, M 4) analyzed the Albanian government letter to the Chinese - leadership'in. response to Peking's cessation of economic aid to that country. The program briefly' reviewed China's aid to Albania since it .stepped in to replace Soviet Aid. after the 'Moscow-Tirana break and examined Albania's present position and her.attempt'to find new allies to relieve its total political isolation.- 3.. Czechoslovakia: EAST EUROPEAN JOURNAL, NO. 69..(S.Var4y, M 6) gave the substance of a .DIE-Welt artI4e by Czechoslovak emigre writer Ota Filip who analyzed the changing social 'strUcture and caste system of Czechoslovakia,'s post-war .society.

4.. Poland. The first segment of EAST EUROPEAN JOURNAL, NO. .65(S711ardy, M 10) reported on a session of the ' Legislative Commission of the Polish Seim. The program focused its attentionon Maria Budacz, a people's deputy. 'and member of the legislative commission, who questioned the commission as. to what 'action' the Polish government. intends to take to 'eliminate differences and discrepancies between Polish law and the International Human Rights Pacts ratified by Poland.. The second segment of the program ' analyzed the. discontent among Polish farmers in .the private agricultural sector who have formed a committee to .seek negotiations with the government over what they deem are discriminatory and unjustly calculated pensioncontributions.

5. CHINA AFTER MAO, No. 26 (Shilaeff, NY 9) discussed the fact that Chinese authorities released a speech of Mao Tse-Tung tO the Party Central Committee 16 years after its delivery in 1962. The program pointed out that Mao's speech followed the disastrous :consequences of the revolutionary "Great Leap Forward" and that it fits in with the present posture of the Chinese party leadership in the wake of the "Cultural Revolution."

6. Mihajlo.Mihajlov's Article in "The New Leader".in which 'the prominent Yugoslav dissident writer, who is now in the US, opined that America's human rights policy is.a spiritual weapon which communist totalitarian states fear the most was the subject of .PANORAMA (Shilaeff, NY

C. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TOPICS:

1. Africa. PANORAMA (Mirsky, P5) gave the substance of a Le Figaro article describing the extent of intervention on the -African continent through the presence of Cuban soldiers, Soviet generals and military experts from a number of Eastern European countries.

2. The US. SIGNAL, No. 478 (Predtechevsky, M 11:30) was the third part of a series discussing the options facing the US in the development of its strategic nuclear forces in 1980s. The program was based on a Congressional Budget Office report. IOW

3. .A Pope Paul VI Obituary was .given in a special contribution to PANORAMA (Henkin, M 2). The program discussed some of the highlights of his Pontificate.

D. CULTURAL, SOCIAL, AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES!

1. SUNDAY TALK, No. 1111 (Shmeman, NY 8) dealt with the meaning of baptism for Christians.

2. THE EUTURE OF THE PLANET EARTH, No. 273 (Patrushev, NY 9) dealt with the world-wide problem of certain species of animals and plants becoming extinct. The program noted that some of these species were useful to Man and that the environment was being altered by the ,extinction of species. The program pointed out that efforts in the US to prevent species from becoming extinct had run into difficulties 'despite a law protecting endangered species. Noted was the case of a dam in Tennessee which cannot be completed because of a Supreme Court order which is based on the fact that the dam would endanger a species of fish. The program explained that the case has caused some to demand that the law in question be altered to allow the dam to be completed in spite of the danger to ,the fish.

"..

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NEWS COVERAGE

Al]. RFE Services and RliNS carried these stories in their newscasts of 6 August 1978:

Pope Paul is dead.

Israeli Premier Menahem Begin has conferred with U.S. Secretary of State Cyrus Vance.

There has been more fighting in Beirut.

Mourners at the funeral of the assassinated PLO Paris office head have called for revenge against Iraq.

The special U.N. envoy for Namibia has arrived in the South African-administred territory. A mentally disturbed youth has been overpowered after hijacking a Dutch airliner. Radio Moscow has attacked Peking in a broadcast to Romania just before Chinese Party Chairman Hua goes to Bucharest. China has accused Vietnam of stepping up persecution of ethnic Chinese.

Top Chinese and Japanese officials have agreed to meet to try to break the deadlock over a proposed peace treaty.

Britain's trade minister is in China.

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RADIO LIBERTY DAILY BROADCAST ANALYSIS NO. 219 (A summary of the news coverage by the Russian- language programming appears at the end of the DBA)

(An * next to a program indicates designated for translation)

Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. 219 for Monday,' 7 August 1978 Felton/Einfrank

A. SOVIET TOPICS -- POLITICAL ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL:

1. Soviet-US Relations. WASHINGTON SPECIAL REPORT, No.303 (Savemark, W 6Y gave the details of.a State Department report on the SALT talks, outlining the problems facing the talks as well as the goals of a future SALT agreement.

2. Soviet-Norwegian Relations. NOTE (Predtechevsky, M 2:30) pointed to concern in Norway over the scheduled arrival of the Soviet oceanographic research ships "Professor Vize" and "Professor Zubov" in the NorWegian Seamn view of six violations of Norwegian territorial waters by Soviet ships (and one by a GDR ship) since 25 June.

3. Zinoviev. NOTE (Schlippe, M 6) was devoted to the press conference given by Soviet philosopher and writer Alexander Zinoviev, the author of the satire Yawning Heights and Bright Future, at Munich University following his arrival from Moscow for a one-year stay during which he will be engaged in philosophical research and ,possibly also teaching. The program gave voice cuts of Zinoviev's statements on his -conflict with his surroundings in the USSR,- which he said was purely social in nature, and the prospects for the Soviet human rights movement,., which he said could not be crushed.

4. Stoppard on Sqviet.Psychiatric Hospitals. THEATER AND DRAMATURGY (Zinik, L 11:30) described the events which - 2 - led Tom Stoppard to write EVery:Good Boy Deserved Favour' . including, his meeting with Viktor, Fainberg.Who was tortured in a Soviet psychiatric "hospital" after.he protested.the Soviet invasion of .Czechoslovakia The play, which concerns the relationship.between two inmates of a. Soviet psychiatric ward, one mentally disturbed, theother.a. perfectly sane dissident,- was summarized in the. program.

5. .Emigres. GUEST OF THE WEEK,: No. 9t (Rudolph, NY 18:30) featured an interview with physicist Evgeny. Levich, the ton of Benjamin, Levich, the Soviet scientist who,has been refused permission to emigrate.to.Israel, where his son has been living. Evgeny Levich, 'who .is' pOw in the US on a visit, . said the reasons. he emigrated were that.he felt Jewish,. that he disliked the anti,-Israeli propaganda in the USSR, and because of the lack of freedom in' the country: .He said .he will. continue to campaign for his father's, emigration which-. has been blocked by the Soviet authorities' claim that Levich knows military secrets. The son dismissed the claim - saying that his father had been involved in secret wOrkl but that was long, ago, in the 1950'.s. 'Evge#y, Levich 'ex- . pressed-sati6faction'over the facirt that -Western scientists have protested human rights violations in the USSR,

The' Economy.. VOTE (Vladimirov, M 3:30) expressed doubts as'to the success of the latest -resolution of the CPSU-and. the. USSR.Council of Ministers calling for thefurther 'development of the machine-building industry in View of the , fact. that todayl the organization of production demands a freedom which is impossible under a central planning system. The program saw the resolution as a sign of 'concern by the Soviet leadership over the danger of the:USSR's falling even further behind the leaders in the machine-building. industry,: /.

THE-SLOWING.DOWN.OF ECONOMIC GROWTH IN THE USSR,.No. (Dreyer, NY 10) noted that while in the 'early 19.60's it- was'widelY assumed, even in the West, that the USSR would catch up with the US in the. 1990,s, the latest'economic predictions no 'longer accept 'this 'thesis.

7. Development Aid. NEW YORK REPORT, No, 895,78'(Dreyer, NY 4130) dealt with Sovieteconomic aidtoCaribbean.staes, including Jamaica, Trinidad and Tobago, and Guyana. The program noted that both Jamaica and Guyana have' shown 'interest in cooperating with COMECON..

8. Cultural Policy, .NOTE (Roitman, M 3:30) ,observed.that while the names of such .cultural personalities as Kande]. . .(Kamov), Vladimir Maximov, Igor.Golomshtok, Andrei. Sinyavsky, Garri tabachnik,.Yefim. Etkind, and Alexander Galich'have been expurged from official Soviet cultural life, their wOrks will live on; indeed, even after they fell into disfavor,.the works of cartoon film maker Kandel.and writer.and Singer Galich were referred to ±n' the media.

9.. The USSR and Hiroshima. NOTE (Fedoseyev, M.6) de- 'scribed the dropping of the atom bomb thirty-three years ago as a tragedy not just because Of the .lives lost then -- it was noted that as'terrible as it may seem to see advantage in tragedy, many more lives were saved by avoiding an invasion of Japan -- but also because of Soviet Propaganda distortions about the bombing, such as not telling.people that the Soviet Union withiaeld.from its World War II allies the peace feelers of the Japanese cOnsulate in 'Harbin or,that Soviet desires to conquer more territory 'led to the unnecessary'deaths.of more-people in the Manchurian campaign than died in the bombing.

10. 'Lilt Brik. PARIS REPORT (Mirsky, P6) was devoted..to reaction in France to the death in Peredelkino, near Moscow, .of Lili Brik, long-time friend of poet Vladimir Mayakovsky, at the age of 86. The program noted in particular that .L'Humanite failed to mention Lili Brik's long fight against the Soviet media's misrepresentation of the work of . Mayakovsky, and her relationship with him as well as her support for such personalities EiS.Sinyavsky, Daniel, and Paradzhanov. The L'Humanite article, which consisted largely'of platitudes, onthe other hand gave the text' of a telegram by Georges Marchais to Louis Aragon' express- ing condolence over the death.of his wife, and Lili Briks sister, Elsa Triole, and a telegram to the newspaper from .Aragon on the death of Lili Brik.

B. CROSS-REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF COMMUNIST AFFAIRS:

1. The GDR. NOTE (Predtechevsky, M 3:30) focused on the announcement by Bavarian Interior Minister Alfred Seidl that GDR border guards had begun to use automatic mine- layers along the border with the FRG. The program noted the GDR's extremely tight border security measures, and concluded by quoting the Universal Declaration of Human Rights on every, citizen having the right to leave his country.

NOTE (A. Vardy, M 10) quoted articles in the West German Die Zeit and the Frankfurter Rundschau on the ideological and military training of East German youth. The article pointed to the militaristic and class hatred nature of this training.' 2. Czechoslovakia. EAST EUROPEAN TESTIMONY, No. 110 (Gorbanevskaya, P 11:30) reported on an article in the Rome -based Czechoslovak journal Listy by former Czech dissident Jaroslav Krejci who is now living in Austria. Krejci discussed the poor conditions that political prisoners in Czechoslovakia must endure.

C. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TOPICS:

1. Pope Paul VI. NOTE (Rahr, M 7:30) -gave a profile of the late Pope and listed some of the highlights of -his Pontificate.

.PRESS REVIEW (Henkin,and Nadirashviiii M 2) quoted comment .on the Pope's death in The Washington Post, the Dutch. :.Express, and the Belgian 'La Cite and Het Volk,

WASHINGTON REPORT, No. 1289-.(Savemark, W 4) was devoted to reaction in the US to the Pope's death, in particular .by President Carter. Vice-President-Mondale,.and. the Archbishopsof Washington and Chicago. Voicescuts of .Carter, the Pope, and the Archbishop of Washington. were given.

.PARIS. REPORT .(Mix-sky, .P 4) noted the expressions of mourn- ing and tribute from French government officials and - clergy in honor of Pope Paul. .The program also pointed :out that some. French.Catholics -supported Archbishop LeFebvre in his dispute with Pope Paul over the use of the vernacular in liturgy,

2. The Middle East. NOTE (Hehkin, M 6).provided a back- . grounder on the situation in the Middle East, discussing 'the Vance-peade mission and the Situation in. Lebanon, where Israel is. backing Christian' elements. .

PRESS REVIEW. (Henkin, M.?) quoted The Washington Post' on Begin's assurances to Vance thdt Israel would cooperate in the matter of renewing'talks with'Egypt:

3. US 'Affairs. NEW 'YORK REPORT, No. 901 (Orlov, NY 3:30)' noted the, announced candidacy of RepresentativePhillip Crane for the Republican nomination for the Presidency. .The Congressman was described as an articulate conservative. who is critical of President Carter's performance .and advocates a hard-line policy toward the Soviet Union.

NEW YORK REPORT, No. 898 (Zuckerman,. NY 4:30) was devoted-. ito the-reaction.Of the American' public to the differences which exist betweep President and Congress. The program quoted The Washington. Post on the disorder which is introduced when.CongreSs attempts to legislate from the floor American foreign policy. 4. US-Afghan Relations. NEW YORK REPORT, No. 896-78 (Shilaeff, NY 2:30) reported on a State Department statement that Afghanistan has told the US that it would welcome American economic aid.

5. Britain. LONDON REPORT (Gregory, M 2:30) dealt with the scandal involving former British Liberal Party leader Jeremy Thorpe, who has been charged with involvement in a murder plot.

D. CULTURAL SOCIAL, AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST COUNTIRES:

1: Space Research. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY TODAY, No.. 1-84 (Muslin, NY 15:30) .dealt with the uses of space technology. for the benefit of man's existence on earth. Among. the exampled cited.were energy research, including solar energy, and improvements in the mining of coal. -NASA publications' were used as -the source. 'This was the first part of a series:.

2. Cultural Miscellanea. CULTURAL CHRONICLE (Maltsev and Kafatova, Rome and NY, 2 + 2) featured brief notes on the' just.-ended "Two Worlds" festival in Spoleto, which was dedicated. to the. late US Conductor Thomas Schippers; and : Istvan Orkeni's new play Cat Games being shown on 'Broadway.

THEATER AND DRAMATURGY (Sezeman, P 10) reviewed this year's .music seaton'in Paris and the French provinces.

PRESS REVIEW (Henkin and Nadirashvili, M 4) was featured in C-1 (Henkin and Nadirashvili, M 2) and C-1 (Henkin, M 2

WORLD TODAY (FedOseyev, M 59:30) featured programming on - the'following topics: the' death df:Pope Paul VI (Rahr, M 2:30);. French reaction to the death. (Mirsky P 2:30);. international press reaction (Nadirashvili, M 1:30); the education of GDR youth to .hate *ideological enemies (A. Vardy, M 4); Alexander Zinoviev's press conference -in. Munich (Schlippe, M 2:30); Vance's vidit. to Israel .(Henkin, M 3:30)4 press comment -on Middle East.developments' (Henkin, M 2); -the US State Depart- ment's report on progress in the SALT talks (Savemark, W 4); Soviet economic expansion in the Caribbean (Dreyer, NY 3); US aid to Afghanistan (Shilaeff, NY 2); the USSR and Norwegian .territorial waters .(Predtechevsky, M 2); the latest Soviet ' resolution on the development of the machine -building in- dstry (Vladimirov.,. M 3); Jaroslav Krejci on the conditions of- confinement of political-prisoners in CzechOslovakia (Gorbanevdkaya P 4);'Hiroshima, the atom bomb and Soviet propaganda (Fedoseyev, M 5); and the Jeremy Thorpe affair (Gregory, 'M 1:30).

.vr/J$L p.

NEWS COVERAGE

All RFE Services and RL/NS carried these stories n their newscasts of 7 August 1978:

Cyrus Vance has met Anwar Sadat.

Fighting in eastern Beirut has tapered off. The Portuguese President is going ahead with plans to name a caretaker government.

More than 15,000 people have passed by the Pope's body.

Nicolae Ceausescu and Leonid Brezhnev have met. 30 more people have died in the Rhodesian guerrilla war. The South African administrator in Namibia says he has established a good relationship with a special U.N. envoy. The Charter 77 movement is said to have issued a statement asking what justification there is for Soviet troops to still be in Czechoslovakia.

Vietnam says there must be goodwill on both sides if talks with China are to heal strained relations.

IliDUrnala-- L :IL

RADIO LIBERTY DAILY BROADCAST ANALYSIS NO.. 220 .(A summary of the news coverage by the Russian- language programming appears at the end of the DBA)

(An * next to a program indicates . designated for translation)

Analysis'No. Russian Daily Broadcast 220 for Tuesday, 8 August 1978 Felton/Einfrank

A. SOVIET TOPICS POLITICAL, ECONOMIC,. SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL:

1, Soviet-US Relations.- CINEMA CHRONICLE (Orlov, NY 1) featured an item on talks in the .USSR between Columbia . Pictures an&Soviet representatives on the co-production of a film based on an adventure story by Martin Laidin involving the, crew of a US nuclear submarine.

2. Soviet-PRC-US Relations. NOTE (Rahr, M 6) pointed to . Soviet concern over current .PRC diplomatic activities, such as the apparently imminent signing.of a peace treaty with Japan, the Deputy Foreign Minister's current visit to Hua Kuo-feng's upcoming visitto Bucharest- and 137,_-;-ilde, and in particular the.process of normalizing . rc:s.ations with the US. The program noted 'references by Brezhnev and Andropov to those who would "play the Chinese card,." and pointed to Ceausescu's.offer to mediate in the Sino-Soviet conflict, and Carter's assurance that the. US did not intend to play either the Chinese 'card against the USSR, or the Soviet card against the PRC.

3. Dissidents and Human Rights. DOCUMENTS OF OUR TIME No. 149 '(Burstein and Schlippe, 'M 29) started with a reading of the samizdat Statement of the Working Group .on El.ychiatry, issued after .the arrest- of Alexander Podrabinek 9 June, and continued with part two. of an'interview with Podrabinek.'made In Moscow.by:an-Amei.ican:who visited the Soviet Union on behalf of some of Podrabinek's American relatives before the arrest. In ,the interview, Podrabinek 2-

, deScribes.thework of the*MOrking Group, the problem of psychiatric abuse in the Soviet Union, and the role of KGB. Podrabinek explains the series of decisions which_ led him inexorably to the point where the risks which he 'took were of no importance to him and the need to live- in accordance with his principles was of paramount importance.

' LONDON REPORT .(Gregory, L 7130) reported on British Foreign Minister David Oweh's interview with The Times (London) in which he criticized the Soviet government's violations of human rights, particularly in Striving to eliminate the 'Helsinki groups that have been set up in the country. ' . .

Alexander Galich sang A Dance Tune in SOUND OF STRINGS, No. 659 (Mitina, M 3:30). 4. Zinoviev. PARIS REPORT (Gladilin, P 4), noted the extraordinary success which Zinoviev's book A Bright :Future has met in France following its appearance in a French-language edition. ,.The program pointed out that Zinoviev's works on logiC were, translated into West tutopean languages.and well known to specialists in his field some time ago, but that with the appearance two years ago of his Yawning Heights he became ,a widely 'acclaimed author. well known -to the French public.- The program referred to Zinoviev's arrival in Munich the day before.

51 Military Affairs. SPECIAL FEATURE (Glagolev, M. 6) Was a discussion by former Soviet disarmament expert Igor Glagolev, who contrasted past Soviet disarmament proposals with Moscow's real policy of building up its military. He estimated that the Soviet armed forces, -including KGB. and MVD military units, total almost five million men as compared With two million for the US.

6. . Agriculture. NOTE (Henkina, M 6) drew attention to -Soviet media.reports on.the harvest whichon the one hand read like military bulletins, and on the other speak of "serious 'organizational deficiencies.", It was observed that, like a military operation, the harvesting is also surrounded by secrecy, and even now figures on the amount of grain reaching ,the elevators are not divulged. However, since.the USSR has had .to turn to - the West for help, this veil of secrecy is being lifted somewhat, and the. figure of 215 million tons for- this year's harvest has been published, albeit by the US Agriculture Department. . - 3-'

'7. Nutrition. -NOM, (Krondher, M 5:30) quoted statistics in Ekonomicheskiye nauki which show that. the average Soviet citizen is. getting far less.meat than medically advisable. Also, noted were deficiencies in the. average consumption of vegetables and fruit, . On the other hand, the statistics show that Soviet.consumption of bread and potatoes, is far above the scientific norm.

8. Consumer Goods. NOTE (Gordin, M 3:30) gave the substance of, an artiale in the Neue Zuercher Zeitung on ' Soviet successes and difficulties in meeting the domestic demand for -jeans. The article pointed out that Soviet youth will 'pay large sums for foreign-made jeans in spite. of the availability of a local make. .

9.. Commercial Shipping. NOTE (Henkin, M 3:30) dealt with ,Moscow's efforts to build up the Soviet merchant marine at the expense of Western shipping.

10..D1ilas on the USSR. FROM THE OTHER SHORE, No. 704 (Stroehm, M featured an interview in Kontinent with Milovan Djilas who discussed. what he termed a "crisis" in Soviet society involving the economy and the nationality. question among other factors.

B. CROSS-REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF COMMUNIST AFFAIRS:

1. The International Youth Festival in' Havana. NEW YORK REPORT, No. '905-78 (Zuckerman, NY.4) gave the substance of an article by Alan Riding in the 7 August Issue of The New York Times entitled "Politics Aside, Cuba is Festive for Visiting Young Leftists.", The article noted that 'the delegations were mainly pro-Soviet, although West European delegations tried to raise the' question of human, rights violations, in communist countries.

2. Eurocommunism. FOR YOUR FREEDOM AND OURS, No. 109 (Silnitskaya, NY 13) continued to excerpt a discussion held between George Urban and former CzeChoslovak'journalist Antonin Liehm on the meaning' of the "Prague Spring" for the "Eurocommunist" parties.- Liehm said that the Eurocommunists still have not fully faced up to the question ofwhether to have a pluislistic economy or to continued state monopoly.control of the economy -- a question which the' Prague reformer's had to'deal with.

3. Czechoslovakia. NOTE (A. Vardy, M 5130) gave the slightly abridged text of a' Charter-77 statement, issued in connection with the tenth anniversary.of.the Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia, the invasion, 'and the continuing presence, of Soviet troops in Czechoslovakia. - 4 -

4.- The PRC. NEW YORK REPORT, No. 897-78 (Shilaeff, NY 5:30) noted the publication in Ren Min Rih Bao and other leading Chinese newspapers of information on how Chou En-Lai frustrated a plot by Lin Piao to kill Mao and assume power himself: The program placed the publication of this information at this particular time in the context of the present drive to modernize the PRC armed forces, as opposed to "revolutionizing" them as Piao wanted.

C. -INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL. AND ECONOMIC TOPICS:

1. Pope Paul VI. PRESS REVIEW (Fedoseyev and Rahr, M 5) quoted comments on the death of Pope Paul by The New York Times, IzVestia, the East German ADN, Tanjung, L'Eumanite, the Stuttgarter Zeitung, the Neue Zuercher Zeitung, and the Prankfurter Rundschau.

2. The Middle East. WASHINGTON REPORT, No 1290 (Savemark, W 4:30) was devoted to the Upcoming summit conference between Carter, Sadat., and Begin* to begin at Camp David.. on.September 5 on Carter's initiative. The program included statements by Jody Powell and Senators Cranston and Javits. Voice cuts of Powell and Javits were featured.

3. US-Southeast Asian Relations. NEW YORK REPORT, No:: 900-78 (Shilaeff, NY 5) discussed the results of the recent conference in 'Washington of ASEAN Foreign Ministers and US government representatives.. The program said the conference has paved the way for US-ASEAN economic cooperation, and pointed to ASEAN's importance for the US as a counterweight to communist pressure. 'Reference was made to the speeches by the Philippine and Singapore Foreign Ministers, and . positive. statements by Carter and Vance. NEW YORK REPORT, No. 902-78 (Shilaeff, NY 5:30)'noted Vietnamese efforts to improve relations with the United States, in particular its response to Senator Kennedy's efforts on behalf of family reunification. Reference was also .made to Cambodia's readiness to resume diplomatic relations with the United States.

4. "Political Prisoners", in the US. MULTISTORIED AMERICA, No. 67 (Storoahenko, NY 9) was pegged to the controversy over Andrew. Young's reported statement about -political prisoners in the. US. The program' quotedfrom an article in The Christian Science Monitor which noted that it is estimated that there are 10,000 to 20,000 political prisoners in the .USSR whereas there are only a few who could be called political prisoners in the US, all of whom were charged with committing soMe act of'violence,Among these American prisoners Are Puerto Rican terrorists who tried to assassinate Truman and who opened fire on members of Congress. The program also noted. that Amnesty Inter- national estimated there were eleven American "prisoners .of conscience," including members of the "Wilmington 10." The program quoted columnist William Buckley who wrote that Andrew YOung's own difficulties in the civil rights movement in the US were 'far different from Sovietrpolitical repression.

5. 'US Foreign Aid. NEW YORK REPORT, No. 899-78 (BykoVsky, NY 5) dealt-with moves in Congress to restrict and reduce US foreign aid.

6. The FRG. NOTE (Predtechevsky, M 6) reported on the, . resignation of the Minister-President of Baden-Wuerttemberg, Hans Filbinger, as a result of revelations that he handed out death sentences as a navy judge in World Var.Two. the program said the resignation was an example of 'the public accountability of political -leaders. -

D. CULTURAL, SOCIAL, AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES:

1. TV IN AMERICA,'No. 20 (Gabai, NY 12:39) described two new series being prepared, one on UFO's and the other on 14.1dous Huxley's Brave New World. On the former the program noted that when scientific opinions are divided it is best to treat the topics openly in public discussion. On the latter the program noted that since. 1931 all social systems have shown tendencies to move toward the "UtopianP. organization of society .to maximalize the productivity of its human components and that the point may be reached when the intellectuals' Utopian goal will be the rejection of Utopia;

2. Cultural Miscellanea. CINEMA CHRONICLE (Maltsev and Xafanova, Rome and NY, 3 * 1) featured items on Chinese participation in the Pesparo Fourteenth Festival of the New Cinema, referring to films which have not only not been seen in Europe before, but also some which were previously banned, in China in the wake of the Cultural Revolution, as well as to a new Antonioni film about -China; an exhibition of the drawings and paintings of Pasolini; and a Swiss film which has opened in New York and which tells about a theater troupe's attempt to produce Chekhov's Three Sisters. -

CINEMA KALEIDOSCOPE (Maneker, Isr 6:30) included an item on a new Israeli film about the problems of adolescence in Israel in the early 'sixties. PRESS REVIEW (Fedoseyev and Rahr, M 5) was featured in C-I.

TODAY (Predtechevsky, M 59:30) featured programming on the following topics: the Soviet disarmament proposal of 1957 (Glagolev, M 2); a Charter-77 statement condemning .the. 1968 Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia (A. Vardy, M 2:30); an interview.by.Milovan DjilaS in the 16th issue of Kontinent (Yefimov, M 2:30); David Owen's interview to. The Times (Gregory, M 2); the publication of Zinoviev's Bright Future in French (Gladilin, P 2:30; a statement by the Soviet "Working_Gmup for Investigating the Use of Psychiatry for Political Purposes" (Schlippe, M.3:30); deficiencies in. the Soviet diet (Kroncher, M 2); the Soviet harvest (Henkina, M:2); Soviet maritime freight rate undercutting (Henkin, M 2).; and the Sino-Soviet conflict and the "Chinese card." vr/JSL

NEWS COVERAGE

All RFE Services and RL/NS carried these stories in their newscasts of 8 August 1978:

in the Anwar Sadat and Menachem Begin will'meet next month U.S. with Jimmy -Carter. extremely The State Department says the situation in Beirut is dangerous and has called for an end to the fighting. funeral of The College of Cardinals has met to discuss the Pope Paul and the election of a successor.

The World Bank has approved loans to Vietnam.

A Senate cnmmittee has approved farm credits for China. Chinese Talks have opened in Hanoi on the question of ethnic in Vietnam. to Rhodesia's government has outlined a plan which is supposed end discrimination in most public places. separate Portugal's Revolutionary Council and the Socialists held meetings to discuss the government crisis. in Scinteia says Romania will not side with any communist nation a dispute with another.

Bad storms have hit many parts of.Europe. rat--NW MILE rAi =V. =

RADIO LIBERTY DAILY BROADCAST ANALYSIS No. 221

(A summary of the news coverage by the Russian - language programming appears at the end of the DBA)

(An * next to a.program indicates , designated for translation)

Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. 221

for Wednesday, 9. August 1978' Felton/Einfrank/Lodeesen

CULTURAL: A. SOVIET TOPICS -- POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND

(Shilaeff, NY 1. Soviet -US Relations. NEW YORK REPORT No. 910-78 Peace Through 5:30). was devoted to the foundation of a Coalition for Democratic Strength whose, members, including 148 Republican and: in- Congressmen, are concerned about what they consider Carter's leader decisive.and'top.conciliatory policy towards the USSR. .The reference. made of the new coalition, John Fisher, was quoted, and noted the to statements by Senators Dole and Johnsbn. The program that it coalition's opposition to SALT and detente,.but observed would constitute a fairly small minority in Congress.

M 4), pegged 2. The Soviet-PRC-Japan Triangle. NOTE (Matusevich, accelerate to'Zapanese Foreign Minister Sonoda's visit .to Peking to while the conclusion of a PRC-Japanese peace treaty, observed that Islands the USSR. objects to such a treaty, her policy over the Kurile are contributing and her demonstrative naval presence in the Pacific, towards a rapprochement between Peking and Tokyo..

M 5:30) discussed 3, SovietRomanian Relations- NOTE. (A. Vardy, Crimea in the the meeting between Ceausescu and Bkezhnev in the Hua.Kuo-Feng. context of the planned visit to Romania of.Chj.nese leader as were An article in the Romanian party daily Scinteia was cited Welt, articles in'TheAgashington Post, Sueddeutsche Zeitung, Die and the Neue Zuericher Zeitung.

4.. Soviet -Afghan Relations. NOTE (Henkin', N 4) discussed growing Soviet influence in Afghanistan since the April coup, noting that and 'Kabul and Moscow have recently signed no less than 25 economic technical agreements. The program expressed skepticism as to the Afghan government's claim that Afghanistan would never become :anyone's satellite. (Gregory, L 4) reported 5. soviet -British Relations. LONDON REPORT Amalgamated Engineering the decision of a British trade union, the Soviet trade unions Workers Union; to ban 'exchanges of visits with rights.: activists. The in protest over the recent trials of human president of the union, program noted that Hugh Scanlon, the retiring the union's executive was against the decision,. which was taken, by the incoming president, council. However, the. program pointed out that Terrence Duffy, favored the move.

(Fedoseev, NY 1) reported . 6. The OnaSsis-Kaustov Marriage. NOTE on the marriage on foreign, expecially Greek media speculation Moscow. The following Christina Onasais''sudden departure from Times.by Nicholas program referrpd to an article in The New York feelings for Kausbv , Gage suggesting that Christina, although.her the moment:in:de- had already begun to cool, yielded to a mood of Christina's rejection ciding to marry him. The program also noted officer. of media suggestions that Kausov was a KGB

SEMINAR NO. 464 (Shragin, 7. Dissidents and Human Rights-. 'RADIO article "Is Non -Totalitarian NY 14) continued to' discuss Yuri Orlov's West before Orlov Socialism Possible?," which was published in the not trying to undermine was imprisoned. The.program said Orlov was dead end so that socialism but to help his compatriots out of a further progress couldribe made.

discussed the case of 8. Dneprovsky. NOTE (Predtechevsky, M 5) appointment to a high Soviet UN official, Geli Dneprovsky, whose U.S. and Britain amid UN post in Geneva has been protested by the reports that he is a KGB agent.

(Beloborodov, W 6:30) 9. Propaganda. WASHINGTON REPORT No. 304 Congress on Soviet quoted'from a report prepared by the.CIA for propaganda activities throughout the world. ROZarlOVa and Shaginyan, 10. Akhmatova. WE ABROAD No. 75 (Sinyavsky, a 'staging Of Anna P 25:30) described and presented readings from by Anatoly Akhmatova's.poem, Requiem. The staging was arranged living in Paris. :Shaginyan, a well-known actor from Leningrad, now a..group of French students. It was a kind. of final exam in Russian for with this kind Shaginyan explained in the program that his purpose a newspaper under- of exam was to try.to bring the stuclents beyond of what the sounds standing of words and language to. an appreciation experience that themselves convey and what an: understanding.of the emotions. lies behind words can make possible in the* conveying of importance of During rehearsals Shaginyan became obsessed with the women. the French girls' understanding the suffering of Russian

Sinyavsky concluded the program by noting that Requiem has yet to to be published in the Soviet Union and' so "let, it now come students Russia if only through these voices, the voices of French the bonds :studying Rus§ian. These are the bonds of culture,. of time., .of languages and peoples." -3-

(Pyatigorsky, L 15:30) 11. Philosophy. PHILOSOPHY IN RUSSIA No. 19 Nikolai Lossky. discussed the theories of knOwledge and cognition of and Semyon Frank.

AFFAIRS: '13'. CROSS -REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF COMMUNIST

(Predtechevsky, M 4) 1. The World Youth Festival in Havana. :NOTE particularly .noted :the disagreements among. various delegations, An article .concerning the anti-ChineSe.stance of Mo!cow's allies. in L'Humanite was cited. '

on the controversy 2. The GDR. NOTE (Predtechevsky, M' 4:30) reported An article in, in East Germany over the hard -currency "Intershos.". 41111 the party daily Neues Deutschland was cited. the substance .3. Czechoslovakia. PARIS REPORT (Mirsky,. M 6) gave on the Of an article in the latest issue of Le Canard Enchaine spiritual life. depressed state of Czech economic,intelleCtuaI and 10 years after the Soviet invasion.

(Fedoseeva, 4. A Djilas Interview. FROM THE OTHER SHORE No. 705 Kontinent with NY 291.30) gave the second half of an interview in in Eastern" 'Milovan Djilas in which be commented on the situation the existence and Western Europe, and called upon the West to defend .of Yugoslavia.

C. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TOPICS:,

quoted Comment 1- The Middle East. PRESS REVIEW (Fedoseyev, M 3) Sadat, and - on the. upcoming Camp -David meeting:between Carter, that Begin in The New York Times (two articles, one suggesting the other, the USA herself come up with specific peace proposals, and stop a by Hedrick Smith, that Carter's motive was to try dangerous exacerbation of the Middle East situation), and The in Daily Telegraph, that the meeting is particularly important preventing. Israel from taking.a passive stance.

on the . NOTE (Rehr, M 6:30) provided background and actualities President planned summit at Camp David between.President Carter,- Sadat and Prime .Minister Begin.

comment on 2. Pope Paul VI. PRESS REVIEW (Rahr, M 2:30) quoted Times and ' a possible successor to the late Pope in The New York The International Herald Tribune.

planned 3. Rhodesia. LONDON REPORT (Gregory, L 2:30) listed the modifications of Rhodesia discriminatory race laws, noting Bishop Muzorewa's enthusiastic reaction, and the reserved reaction of the British press. -4-

4. Namibia. PROBLEMS OF DEVELOPING COUNTRIES No. 103 (Pusta, M 12) .provided a backgrounder to the situation in Namibia and the Western -attempt to bring a peaceful transition to self-rule.

5.. US Affairs. WASHINGTON REPORT No. 1291. (Savemark, W 4:30) gave 'details.of.the US draft defense budget for fiscal year 1979 approved by the House of Representatives.. It was noted in particular that, contrary to the will 'of the Carter Administration, the House approved funds for.a fifth nuclear aircraft :carrier. It also approved more funds than the Administration requested, this in view of the Soviet military buildup.

NEW YORK REPORT (Storoshenko, NY 3:30) reported on the debate in Congress over the defense budget, noting that Congress has refused to go along with an effort to block the construction of a new super carrier.

S. .Nuclear.Test Ban Talks. NOTE -(PredtechevOcy, M 6:30) was pegged to the announcement of considerable progress at the US - Soviet -British talks on a total ban of nuclear testing, although. problems such as inspection remain. to be solved. In this connection, the program noted that the USA and Britain feel peaceful nuclear tests are unnecessary, and referred to an article by Walter Pincus in The Washington Post on Carter's:diminishing enthusiasm over an agreement due to the possibility of strong opposition in the - Senate, the USSR's inflexible -position over the question of inspection, and objections by top officials concerned .with national security, such as the, fact that US test centers would not be able to immediately react to a Soviet violation of a 5 -year moratorium, and the need for periodic test explosions to ascertain the operational status of existing nuclear warheads.

7. The World Bank, the USA and Vietnam. NEW YORK REPORT No. 909 (Shidlovsky, NY 2) commented on the interest -free loan of the World Bank to Vietnam, noting that the United States was the only country to vote against the loan and that this was on the basis of a directive from President Carter that the United States not provide assistance to countries violating human rights. .

D. CULTURAL, SOCIAL, AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES:

1. Space Activities. NEW YORK REPORT No. 911-78 (Muslin, NY 2:30) gave details of the mission of the US Pioneer -2 Venus probe launched from Cape Kennedy on August 8. Brief reference was made to previous US' and Soviet Venus probes.

2. American Humor No. 33 (Konson, NY 3:30) presented further anecdotes and jokes from Readers Digest and other American. publications. 5-

3. Cultural Miscellanea. SPECIAL BROADCAST (Mikes, L 8) discussed the book Four Reasons fOr the Abolition of Television by Jerry Mander.

PRESS REVIEW (Fedoseyev and Rahr, M 5:30) was featured in C-1 '(Fedoseyev, M 3) and C-2 (Rahr, M Z:30).

WORLD TODAY .(TumanoV, M 59:30) featured programming on the following topics: the upcoming Carter-Sadat-Begin meeting (Rahr, M 4); the meeting between the PRC and Japanese Foreign Ministers in Peking (Matusevich, M. 3:30); The New York Times on possible re- actions to Soviet violations Of the Helsinki accord (Orlov, M 1:30); a major British trade union's severance of contacts with Soviet in Havana 411trade'unions (Gregory, L 1:30); the World Youth Festival (Predtechevsky, M 2:30): Romanian and Soviet media reporting on the Brezhnev-Ceausescu meeting in the Crimea (A. Vardy, M 3:30); Soviet influence in Afghanistan (Henkin, M 2:30); speculation on the Onassis- Kausov marriage (Fedoseyev, M 2); the negative moral effect of "Intershops" on the GDR. population (Predtechevsky, M 3); the modifica- tion of race. laws in Rhodesia (Gregory, L 2:30).; the US defense budget (Storozhenko, NY 3); the changed public attitude towards US intelligence services in the light of international terrorism (Bykoveky, NY 2:30); Le Canard Enchaine on life in Czechoslovakia ten years after the Soviet invasion (Mirsky, M 4:30); and press comment on the upcoming Camp David conference (Fedoseyev, M 2:30).

eag/DF NEWS COVERAGE

All RFE Services and RL/NS carried these stories in their newscasts of 9 August 1978:

Zbigniew Brzezinski says the U.S. will offer constructive suggestions at next month's Mideast summit.

Alfredo Nobre da Costa, a civilian, has been asked to try to form a new government in Portugal.

Christian militiamen in Beirut have been told to observe a ceasefire.

China and Libya will set up diplomatic relations.

Both the Chinese and Japanese Foreign Ministers have predicted a successful outcome to the talks on a peace treaty. et 'MSS says that letter Albania sent to China shows that Chinese actions in the Balkans are deeply hostile to the people there.

The U.S. Farm Department says the Soviet grain crop could be a record one.

Bad weather is causing problems in much of Eastern Europe.

Ethiopia claims to have captured arother town in Eritrea.

The British Trade Minister says China is interested in buying a jet passenger plane.

*) The RL News Service did not use this item. gpis.pum Nal 11114mili isa nal

RADIO LIBERTY DAILY BROADCAST ANALYSIS NO. 222 (A summary of the news coverage by the Russian- language programming appears at the end of the DBA)

(An * next to a program indicates designated for translation)

Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. 222 for Thursday, 10 August 1978 Felton/Einfrank

A. SOVIET TOPICS-- POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL:

1. Soviet-US Relations. NEW YORK REPORT, No. 9127-78 (Bykovsky, NY 2:30) noted the increase in Soviet-American trade in the first five months ot this year. However, the program pointed out that Soviet grain imports played a major role while Soviet imports of American industrial goods declined.

,NEW YORK REPORT, No. '916-78 (StorOthenko, NY 4) discussed the debate surrounding President Carter's authorizing . Dresser Industries to sell Some oil, drilling equipment to the Soviet Union. .Senator Jackson's opposition was ex-, plaited and it was stated that Brzezinski's NSC staff differ with the position of the Secretary of State and others who Are opposed to using trade for political leverage.

2. Soviet-Chinese Relations. NOTE (Matusevich, M 3:30), based on an RLR Rand. paper of 10 August, discussed Soviet- Chinese competition in relations with Japan, Vietnam, Romania, and Albania, pointing out that the diplomatic' struggle has become far more complex in the post-Mao era as a result of China's abandoning isolationism.

3. Dissidents and Human Rights. NEW YORK REPORT, No. 915 (Zuckerman, NY 4:30) focused on the New. York seminar of the American Society of Lawyers devoted to the question of human rights violations in .the Soviet Union and. Soviet legislation dealing with human rights. The program quoted opinions expressed at the seminar, such as that Americans for a long time were reluctant to criticize human rights violations in the Soviet Union because they associated that criticism with the McCarthy era, while now they feel freed of the shadow of McCarthyism and can resume their ,traditional and natural stance, and that the Soviet Union lacks a suitable legal basis for the defense of human rights. In addition, American lawyers called on their Soviet counterparts to join them in working for the defense of human rights.

LETTERS AND DOCUMENTS OF OUR TIME, No. 150 (Schlippe, M 29) featured two items: the conclusion of an interview taped in Moscow with Alexander Podrabinek who was subsequently arrested by the Soviet authorities in connection with his investigations of psychiatric abuse; and an excerpt from issue No. 48 of the Chronicle of Current Events describing the Podrabinek case.

FROM THE OTHER SHORE, No. 706 (Fedoseyeva and Schlippe, M 27:30) Matured two items from the 16th issue of Kontinent an essay by Andrei Sakharov entitled "Nuclear Energy and the Freedom of the West," in which he warned that the "Western countries must develop nuclear energy so as not to be vulnerable to Soviet pressure in energy matters, and a review of Sakharov's activities by French publicist Francois Fejto.

SAMIZDAT REVIEW, No. 332 (Schlippe, Lyubarsky, Salova, Nadirashvili, and Roitman, M 27:30) was devoted to the 48th issue of the Chronicle of Current Events.

4. Zinoviev. NOTE (Predtechevsky, M 7) gave an abridged version of an interview given' by former Moscow University Professor Alexander Zinoviev to the Swiss weekly Die Welt-. woche. .Zinoviev said that while the present ruthless campaign being waged by the Soviet authorities against the dissidents is doubtless succeeding in view of the lack of popular support for the latter, there are individuals and even small groups prepared to tell the regime what they think of it. He said that the social system in' the USSR is a* product of the freedom of the people, and by and large suits the majority of the population. .An improvement of the social climate can only be the result of a prolonged historical process, and will demand heavy sacrifices.

5. , The 1980 Olympics.' LONDON REPORT (Gregory, L 4). quoted letters to The Times (London) which Were pro and con on the question, of holding the 1980 Olympics in Moscow following the trials of Soviet dissidents. B. CROSS-REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF COMMUNIST AFFAIRS:

1. The Pacepa Affair. NOTE (Starr, M 3:30) gave the facts known so far on the 'case of Lieutenant-General Ion Pacepa, Romanian Deputy State Security Minister, who disappeared from his hotel in Cologne and requested political asylum in the US. The program referred to press reports that Pacepa was being interviewed by the CIA, and noted that he was evidently involved in preparing Ceausescu's trip abroad.

2. PRC-Vietnamese Relations. NEW YORK REPORT, NO. 904 (Shilaeff, NY 3) discussed the current Vietnamese-Chinese talks in Hanoi, where the main item on the agenda is the question of ethnic *Chinese in Vietnam wishing to emigrate to the PRC. The prograM noted Peking's recent charge that the Vietnamese had recently ,forced 2,000 Chinese to cross over into. the PRC. It was observed that ,such matters as Vietnamese -Cambodian relations as well as Hanoi's pro- Soviet policy will also doubtless be. discussed.

3. Romania and Comecon. NOTE (A. Vardy, M 6) cited an article in the'Neue ZuerCher Zeitung which described the efforts of the Soviet Union to force specialization in Comecon by substituting majority vote decisions for the present requirement that decisions must be unanimously adopted. in order to be binding. The program also quoted Scinteia on the requirements of national sovereignty and explained that this meant that Romania was unwilling to have its national planning determined by the vote of a supranational body.

4. The Prague Spring and Eurocommunism. FOR YOUR FREEDOM AND OURS, No. 110 (Silnitskaya, NY 8) continued to excerpt an interview by George Urban with former Czechoslovak journalist Antonin Liehm concerning the impact of the - "Prague Spring" on Eurocommunism. Liehm questioned whether Eurocommunists, particularly the Italian communists, would behave in a democratic manner if they came to power.,

C. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TOPICS:

1. The Middle East. WASHINGTON REPORT, No. 1292 (Savemark, W. 3:30) was, pegged to Vance's return to Washington from his Middle East peace mission and discussed, with actualities, the Israeli-Egyptian-American summit planned for Camp David.

NEW YORK REPORT, No. 917 (L. Dudin, NY 5), devoted to what the program called a new, phase of American relations with the Middle East, described the present effort to bring Israelis and Egyptians together. 'PRESS REVIEW (Fedoseyev and Rahr, M 6) quoted comments on the upcoming Camp David meeting between Carter, Sadat, and Begin in Al-Bilad (Saudi Arabia), that the meeting is Israel's last chance; Al-Thawra (Syria), that the meeting is doomed to failure; The Washington Post (Joseph Kraft), that it will help to preserve the spirit of negotiation; Ii Tempo, that it will hopefully be a step forward; the' Basler Zeitung,, that it is condemned to success; the Sueddeutsche Zeitung, that Sadat evidently only agreed to take part if the US would participate as an equal partner; and Die Welt, that in demanding the possibility of a . Palestinian state, Sadat is only asking what the US has already agreed to in last October's Soviet-US statement.*

2. PRC-Japanese Relations.' NEW YORK REPORT, No. 904 (Shilaeff, NY 1:30) said that while observers claim that the PRC-Japanese peace treaty talks in Peking has failed to produce results over the question of a hegemony clause, the Japanese press reports that an aide to Sonoda.has brought a new Japanese version of such a clause to.Peking.

3. Portugal. NOTE' (Predtechevsky, M 6:30) was devoted to the appointment of Alfredoliobre. da Costa as Portuguese Prime Minister by President Eanes. The program noted Costa's moderate conservatism, his industrial management background, and the fact that only the conservative parties approve of his unexpected appointment. The question of the return of expropriated agricultural land was described as one of the most serious problems facing'Costa..

4. US-Micronesian Relations. CONTRIBUTION TO THE RADIO JOURNAL "ABROAD"; No. 68 (Storozhenko, NY 5:30) gave background information, on a 26 July referendum Which showed that, as in the case of the North Mariana Islands, the population of the Marshall and Palau Islands wish to remain under US' trusteeship; even the inhabitants of the Caroline Islands, who want to.set up an independent federal republic of Microneseia, for economic reasons do not wish to sever ties with the US.

5. France. PARIS REPORT (Mirsky, P 4:30) reported on the -French government's decision to equal time on television to the opposition parties. Under the plan the opposition parties 'will be able ,to give their views on government statements and proposals immediately after these statements and proposals. The programpointed out that opposition 'parties have always had access to the government controlled television system but that this new plan formalizes the situation and makes the arrangement more specific.. -5-

6. Libyan Foreign Policy. NOTE (Predtechevsky, M 6) noted that Libya, despite its ties with the USSR, has established diplomatic and cultural relations with China and is anxious to buy American Boeing aircraft. The program said that this is not strange in a world where nations are flexible in their foreign policy and not willing to be tied tightly to 'blocs.

D. CULTURAL, SOCIAL, AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES:

1. Paris at Night. MISCELLANEOUS NOTES, No. 326 (Gladilin, P 8:30) described a walk through the various quarters of Paris at night, noting the wide variety of restaurants, cafes, theaters, etc. PRESS REVIEW (Fedoseyev and Rahr, M 6) was featured in C-I.

WORLD TODAY (Henkin, M 59:30) featured programming on the following topics: Vance's Middle East trip (Savemark, W 2); Libya and the PRC to establish diplomatic relations (Predtechevsky, M 3); US House of Representative approves new military budget (Savemark, W 3); the formation of a Coalition for Peace Through Strength in the US (Shilaeff, NY 2:30); an increase in US-Soviet trade (Bykovsky, NY 2:30); Sino-Vietnamese talks (Shilaeff, NY 1:30); Sino-Soviet relations (Matusevich, M 3); the Pacepa affair (Starr, M 3); Romania and Comecon (A. Vardy, M 4:30); Zoshchenko on the literary "no-man's-landfl in which he lived after 1948 (Henkin, M 4); Zoshchenko's short story The Stove (Henkina, M 3:30); and Zinoviev's interview to Die Weltwoche.

vr/DF NEWS COVERAGE

All RFE Services and RL/NS carried these stories in their newscasts of 10 August 1978:

China and Japan are said to have reached basic agreement on a peace and friendship treaty.

Cambodia is said to have had heavy losses on the battlefield.

The White House says Jimmy Carter is well aware of the difficulties ahead at the Mideast summit. The U.N. has denied a report that its troops will fight alongside regular Lebanese troops in the south if need be.

An American welding machine will be sold to Moscow as part of an oiT technology deal. The premier-designate in Portugal says his government will focus on getting the country's financial affairs back in order. Cardinals will begin voting August 25 for a new Pope. There have been more riots in Iran. Andrei Sakharov has complained about delay in granting his wife a visa. Jiri Grusa and Pavel Roubal are said to have been released in Czechoslovakia. . IRk.mum Hari MS%

RADIO LIBERTY DAILY BROADCAST ANALYSIS NO. 225 (A summary of the news coverage by. the Russian - language programming appears at the end of the DBA)

(An -* next to a program indicates designated for translation)

Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. 223 for Friday, 11 August 1978 Felton/Romano/Einfrank

A. -SOVIET TOPICS POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL:

1. Soviet-US Relations. S WASHINGTON REPORT, No. 1293 (Savemark, W 5) gave the substance of an article in the 9 August issue of The Washinvton.Post by E. Barrett Prettyman Jr. on the arrest and interrogation of Inter- national Harvester representative Francis Crawford in Moscow. The article referred to the KGB's questioning. of Crawford on his personal affairs and the operation of the U$ Embassy and Crawford's view that he had been used as a hostage.. It also spoke of the lack of solidarity shown by US business firms in the affair. 2. Yuri Zhukov on the Invasion of Czechoslovakia. NEW YORK REPORT, No. 922-78 (Shilaeff, NY 6) drew attention to an interview given by -Soviet commentator Yuri Zhukov to the Novoski Press Agency (APN) in which he claims that the Soviet occupation of Czechoslovakia in August' 1968 frustrated an imperialist plan to weaken the Warsaw Pact and strengthen. West Germany. .Zhukov backed this up by referring to an interview given by US Professor Herman Kahnto Fortune on imperialist plans for "quiet counter-revolution" first in Czechoslovakia, then in Poland ,and the GDR. The program pointed out 'that, in fact, there was an article (not an interview) by Kahn in the said journal in which he merely presented the views of Western experts on where the new socio-political trends in the USSR and Eastern Europe could have led but for the Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia. - 2 -

3.. Dissidents and Human Rights. PARIS REPORT (MirSky, --P.5).began by briefly noting Paris press reaction to the .Upcoming trial of Alexander'Todrabinek, and quoted from -a letter by his father speaking- of.. the "distortion of :social relations in our fantastic country.-" The -program then' gave the substance of an 'article in Le Matin which ..:points to the valuable 14orkdone by the dissidents in : Striving for at least a degree of. autonomy for Soviet .society in respect of the party apparatus, but at the - same time opines that prospects for the immediate future 'are extremely .dismal,

_SPECIAL. FEATURE, No. 5957 (Rudolph and. AlekSeyeVa, NY 19:30). was Pegged to reports that the KGB is preparing new measures against dissident author-worker Anatoly Marchenko, who. wrote the prison camp account.My.Testimony. The program .backgrounded Marchenko's situation and featured former . :Soviet .dissident Pyotr.Grigoi.enko's letter to AFL-CIO President George Mpany proteting the authorities' treatment Of Marchenko.

LONDON REPORT (Gregory, L.5:30) focused on a press conference _report by Trevor Phillips, leaderiof a.British youth delegation at the' 11th international youth festival ,in Havana in which he spoke of the delegation's document on human rights, in particular in the USSR and the East European countries,. and the Soviet document in reply, 'givingfacts on the trials of Shcharansky, Ginzburg, Orlov, et. al. which Phillips found unconvincing.

CULTURE AND.POLITICS (Salkazanova, P 7) featured an item. ,which drew attention to a note by Vladimir.Katin in the 26 July issue. of Literaturnaya Gaz eta in, which he claims. - that in the West, particularly France, an anti-Soviet cam- .Taign.was started which "distorted acts of Soviet justice -beyond recognition," and that there were grounds for supporting. it was inititied by a "signal from a single coordinating center." The proLram noted in this connection 'that the French-CP itself spoke of the unfoundedness of the charges againstsuch dissidents as ShcharanSky and Ginzburg.

4.. Military Affairs: WASHINGTON REPORT, No. 305 (Belo-. borodov, W'6) discussed a CIA report on the Soviet military buildup from 1969' to 1976, noting that while.the:US was decreasing its real military outlay the .Soviet Union was increasing. its spending. The program said current US . ,concern "abOut the US military buildup is not part of a' .move to make the US' predominant over the USSR but merely 'to' maintain parity 4

5. Foreign Trade. NEW YORK f:EPORT,.No. 919-78 (Dreyer, NY 4) discussed the Soviet trade picture, noting that the USSR's trade deficit had increased in .the first. quarter , of this. year and that grain imports played a key role in .this deficit. The program pointed out that Soviet gold and weapons sales are important factors offsetting trade deficits.

6. Fishing Policy. NEW YORK REPORT, No. 917 (Bykovsky, NY 3:30) reported on American UN Ambassador Andrew young's speech to a lawyers' congress in New York during which Young criticized Soviet exploitation of fishing waters off Africa. Young said many "third world"_ countries were becoming dissatisfied with communist methods of economic' development.

7.. Oskar Rabin. CULTURE AND POLITICS (Golomshtok, L 10) included a profile of this non -conformist Soviet artist, 'recently deprived of his Soviet citizenship.

8. Emigres. JEWISH CULTURALAND:SOCIAL LIFE, No. 278 (Gordin, 1.1 8) featured an interview with Boris Berman, a SoViet emigrant pianist now jiving in Israel. Berman .said that for a small country, Israel demonstrates tremendous - enthusiasm for music. He said many emigrants from the USSR are now playing in Israeli ensembles. -Nevertheless, he said soloists sometimes had difficulties, expecially due to the need to enlarge their repertoire in a country which has a.small population and therefore a limited opportunity to repeat a repertoire.

JEWISH CULTURAL -AND SOCIAL LIFE, No. 278 (Zuckerman, NY 13) featured an interview with a Soviet emigrant doctor living in Israel. Dr. Emil Lyuboshit, , on a visit to the US, claimed that emigrant doctors from the Soviet Union have no great difficulty fitting into the isxaeii. medical scene.

9. History. DO YOU REMEMBER? No. 58 (Pylayev, M 9) recalled the 1946 cultural crackdown in Leningrad under Stalin's culture boss Zhdanov which led to the persecution of such literary personalities as Akhmatova and Zoshchenko. The, program quoted from Akhmatova's Requiem, and gave the trial of Synyavsky and Daniel, the forced exile of Alexander Solzhenitsyn, etc. as examples of how this cultural repression has been continued.

FROM THE OTHER SHORE, No. 707 (Fedoseyeva and Schlippe, H 21:30) featured the first half of emigre writer Mikhail Geller's article in Kontinent entitled "The Poet and the Leader" in which Geller described Stalin's complicated dealings with Soviet writers. _ L, _

REVIEW OF THE RUSSIAN-LANGUAGE FOREIGN PRESS, No. 101 (Schajovicz., M. 7) featured an abridged version of an . sarticle by Aristov in Russkaya Mysl (8 July) on the disillusionment,and subsequent repressions suffered by Soviet citizens who had worked on the construction of the Chinese Eastern Railroad, a section of the Trans-Siberian Railroad running through Northern Manchuria.

.10. Khatchaturian, 'REVIEW OF THE.RUSSIAN-LANGUAGE FOREIGN PRESS, No. 99 (Schajovicz, M 6:30) featured a tribute to s the late Armenian composer Aram Khatchaturian.by his friend Boris Khalip which was published in NoVoye Russkoye Slovo.. Khalip, who emigrated to the West in 1974,- recalled the composer's difficulties with Soviet authorities durihg the Stalinist period when many ofhis, works could not be performed,

B. CROSS -REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF COMMUNIST AFFAIRS:

1. Czechoslovakia. NOTE (Predtechevsky, M 6) featured .a description by former Czechoslovak CP CC Secretary Zdenek Mlynar, which has begun to be serialized in Der Stern, of his personal experience of the Soviet -led invasion of Czechoslovakia in August 1968. At the time, Mlynar was attending a meeting of the party leadership. The program also referred to an interview given by Mlynar to the Viennese Die Presse on the talks with Brezhnev following the invasion, during which Brezhnev said he had received President Johnson's assurance that Washington would not intervene. This was denied by the State Department.

.2. Poland. NOTE (A. Vardy, M 6) gave the substance of a .statement by the Polish Public Self -Defense Committee protesting against official reprisals against members of the Peasants' Self-Defense Committee formed on 30 July, which adopted a resolution calling for an end to preferen- tial state assistance to collective farms as opposed to - individual farmers, and demanding that the latter's pensions be paid for out .of the state budget, and not by contributions by the farmers themselves.

3. North Korea. NOTE (Matusevich, M 4:30) said that the reprinting by the Pyongyang party newspaper Rodong Shinmoon -of an article by the PRQ Defense Minister in which he castigates "Soviet social imperialism" indicates 4 swing by North Korea towards Peking and away from Moscow.. The program author recalled a visit to a Seoul institute where he was given information On how PRC aid to and trade With North Korea had drawn level with that of the USSR. 15

C. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TOPICS:

1.. The Middle East NEW YORK REPORT, No: 921-78 (Zucker- man, NY 2.:.30) was devoted to the Carter' Administration's preparations for the Camp David summit between Carter, Sadat, and'Begin, noting its low-key Approach.

PRESS REVIEW*(Fedoseyev and. Rahr, M 4:30) quoted The Washington Post, on the Carter Administration's low-key approach to the upcoming Camp David summit; The New York Times, that the Egyptian and Israeli consent to participate in the summit indicates that a peaceful solution to the Middle East question is a real possibility; The International 'Herald Tribune, on a constructive proposal by Carter; The Times ('London), 'on the.PRC's-efforts to establish contacts with the Arab' world; and Der Tagesspiegel, On the visit of Libya's pjelloud to Peking, 'and the significance of the fact that the communique on the establishment of relations between. the two countries -says nothing about. Taiwan,

NOTE.(Predtechevsky, M 4:30) said that While both the Syrians and Lebanese Christians are continuing to observe the truce following the recent bloody fighting, it may be questioned whether the Libyan troops replacing the Syrians in Beirut will be able to cope with the situation. Reference was made to conflicting statements by Waldheim and a UN representative in 'the Lebanon On support for the Lebanese forces by UN troops.

2, Iran. NOTE (Predtechevsky, E 5:30) backgrounded the Shah's press conference statement that he intended to push' through 'his measures for the complete democratization of Iran deSpite the recent disturbances on the 'part of. conservative Moslems and, leftist extremists.

3 Thailand.. NOTE. (predtechevsky, M 6) gave the substance of an:article by UPI correspondent Paul-Wedel on communist, guerilla activity in Thailand alcing the border with Cambodia-. 'Thai Sources were quoted.on the boomerang effect, of the guerillas indiscriminate terror. The program 'noted as factors working against the. guerilla d; the drain on Cambodian forces involved in -fighting the Vietnamese, and the dissent. among the Thai communists.

4. The US. NEW YORK REPORT, No. 918-78 (Orlov, NY 1:30) gave basic information on the strikes against New York's three major daily newspapers over a question of staff redundancy. D. CULTURAL, SOCIAL, AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES:

1. Foreign Tourists, in the US. MULTISTORIED AMERICA, No. 69 (Storozhenko,.NY 7:30), a contribution to the RADIO JOURNAL "ABROAD," noted the unprecedented flow of foreign tourists to the United States due to the drop of the US dollar and cheaper intercontinental flights.

2. AMERICAN HUMOR, No. 34 (Konson, NY 3) featured a selection of.anecdotes and bon-mots by famous personalities and a sampling of Soviet -related anecdotes culled from a recent discussion at the Kerman Institute in Washington on humbr.and satire in the Soviet Union.

3. Tourism in Israel was the subject of an item in JEWISH CULTURAL ANDSOCIAL LIFE, No. 228 (Meniker, Isr 5). 4. Jewish Culture. JEWISH' SOCIAL AND CULTURAL .LIFE,- No.,278 (Gordin, M 6) was devoted to"nisha B'Av" -- the day -of the destruction of the first and second Temples.

5. The Current Trend in the West Away From the Suburbs and Back 'to Big-City Dwellings was the topic of AT THE END OF THE HOUR, No. 7 (Predtechevsky, M 1:30).

6. Kindness to Animals in Britain was the.subject of KUZNETSOV TALK, No. 236 (Kuznetsov, L 13), which in particular' noted that birds are not ruthlessly destroyed as they were when he was growing up in his, native Kiev.

7. An Experience in Paris. .CULTURE AND POLITICS (Gladilin, P 7:30) featured an account by Anatoli Gladilin of how in stopping a fight one evening in Paris he suffered a cut eyebrow which required hospital treatment.

PRESS REVIEW (Fedoseyev and Rehr, M 4:30) was featured in C-1.

WORLD TODAY (L. Machlis,. M 59:30) featured programming on the following topics: the situation in the Lebanon (Predtechevsky, M 4);:Sepator Jackson's opposition to the sale of drilling equipment to the USSR (Storozhenko, NY 2:30); a profile of the late Pope Paul, VI (Rahr,.M 3); the opposition to the.Shah of Iran's democratization policy by radical Moslems (Perouansky, M.3);:theJUS and the Middle East (Dudin, NY 4:30); Andrew Young's speech at the conference of the American Lawyers' Association (Bykovsky, NY 1:30); :further Measures against' Anatbli Marchenko (Rudolph, Alekseyeva, and .Grigorenko,- NY 4); the US and Soviet Military budgets (Beloborodov, W.5:30); the 14 August 1946 party decree on the Leningrad literary journals Zvezda and Leningrad (Pylayev, M. 5); and the Polish peasants' human rights movement (A..Vardy, M 4). vr/DF . NEWS COVERAGE .

All RFE Services and RL/NS carried these stories in their newscasts of 11 August 1978:

China and Japan are expected to sign a peace treaty Saturday.

Mario Soares says the Socialists in Portugal will not take an active part in the new cabinet. Begins Demonstrators opposed to Premier policy demonstrated at a Jewish settlement on the West Bank of the Jordan.

Wavy weapons fire is reported in eastern Beirut.

Martial law has been declared in Isfahan, Iran.

The Pope will be buried Saturday.

*A Belgian minister has cancelled a trip to Czechoslovakia because of the treatment of a Belgian journalist.

Turkey says when the U.S. arms embargo is lifted some American bases should reopen quickly.

Three Armenians are now inside the U.S. Embassy in Moscow.

The West German and Yugoslav Foreign Ministers have met and one question discussed was the extradition of suspected terrorists. the She Yugoslav weekly Nin has begun a series of articles on Macedonian dispute.

0 Was did not use this item; *1PCIn. 131

RADIO LIBERTY DAILY BROADCAST ANALYSIS NO. 224 (A summary of the news coverage by the Russian- language programming appears at the end of the DBA)

(An * next to a program indicates designated for translation)

Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. 224 11/ for Saturday, 12 August 1978 Romano

A. SOVIET TOPICS -- POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL:

1. US-Soviet Relations. WORLD THIS WEEK, No. 415 (Storozhenko) NY 3) discussed the Carter administration's decision to approve the Dresser Industries oil drilling equipment contract with the USSR, after its being subjected to review three weeks ago as a sign of displeasure with Moscow's policies against its dissidents. The program presented the views of those congressional leaders who are in favor of applying economic sanctions and those who are against any form of economic retaliation. 4, 2. Dissidents and Human Rights. AT THE BOOKSHELF (Gladilin, P 7:30) raised questions about a samizdat document which reports that a librarian in Yalta was reprimanded for not having removed from the shelves a book by Gladilin on Robes- pierre which was issued in 1971 and published in 200,000 copies. The program questioned whether the book had some- how become ideologically unsound or if it was already unsound at the time it was issued and concluded that the librarian could hardly be blamed for failing to see something which was evidently not wrong with the book until after its author left the Soviet Union. Rather than the librarian being in error, it is the ideology which must be questioned: "What a strange ideology there is in the Soviet Union if it may be twisted around any way at any time, it if can even depend on the place of residence of the author." DOCUMENTS OF OUR TIMES, No. 151 (Schlippe, M 25) was devoted to Alexander Podrabinek whose trial was scheduled to begin in the next few days. Included were a RERUN from 26 August 1977 of readings from Podrabinek's Punitive Medicine and a letter from Podrabinek in defense of Yu. Belov.

AT THE BOOKSHELF (Maximov, p 14:30) described the contents of issue No. 16 of Kontinent, in particular its concentration on articles by East European authors which the chief editor, Maximov, hopes "on the basis of a dialogue between the peoples of totalitarian countries to bring about a dialogue with the. Western intelligentsia and Western public opinion in general." ,

3. Agriculture. RADIO JOURNAL: THE SOVIET UNION (Kroncher, M 3) in connection With an article. in Trud, entitled "Operation Cabbage" and describing how despite Brezhnev's call for encouraging the output of private plots the militia in an area of the Kuban had virtually seized the cabbage output of the plots, noted that this shows the in- compatability between private enterprise and a planned- directed system: Those involved in the meeting of plans felt threatened by the production of.the private initiative section and felt justified, no matter what the philosophical expressions from above, to suppress what they regarded as profiteering. This is the same problem, the program noted, as arose in 1965 when the economic reforms were ordered from above but frustrated by the plan fulfillers.

4. Machine Industry. RADIO JOURNAL: THE SOVIET UNION. (Finkelstein, M 8) in connection with a Central Committee decree on machine building noted that the problem in the Soviet Union is that a stage of technology has been reached where central planning's predisposition to numbers. and a. "give -give" system is no longer as effective, as would be the substitution of selection for volume and qualifications for numbers of workers. .

5. Bribery. RADIO JOURNAL: THE SOVIET UNION (Gladilin, P 4), drew on articles in Literary Gazette and Komsomolskaya Pravda which describe instances in which the seriously ill could not receive medical attention without first giving money on the side or students who could not pass their course in Scientific Communism without first paying a bribe to the teacher. The program pointed out that in the Soviet press such articles are permitted only as illustrations of what is not permitted and not as illustrations of what is wrong with the society. As illustration, the program noted 3

that there is no mention of the party affiliation of those who teach Marxism-Leninism and accept bribes. Based on the author's personal experience in writing for Komsomolskaya Pravda he noted that it was not allowed to criticize Party members.

6. *Literature. FROM THE OTHER SHORE, No. 7,08 (Geller and Fedoseyeva, M 18) completed the two-part reading of,"Poet and Leader" by Mikhail Geller from issue No. 16 of Kohtinent. .Examples of Stalin's literary efforts.including his "co -authorship" of a play were given, showing .the dictator's heavy ideological hand. .The role of syco- phants in the creation of Stalin's literary "genius" was illustrated. The reading concluded with: "The leader achieved such power as ,has no other tyrant of history. He realized his dreams of glory and ,killed'all his enemies.. In onlyone thing did he not succeed -- he could not become. a poet."

AT THE BOOKSHELF (Maltsev, R 0:30) said that the book by Lily Brik about Mayakovsky which had just appeared in Italian was a disappointment since Mayakovsky is portrayed in standard Soviet style.

PARIS REPORT (Mirsky, P 6) was a RERUN of a program describing French reaction to the death of Lily Brik, "whose name-isforever.linked with that of Mayakovsky."' 7. Religion. RUSSIAN WRITERS AND RELIGION, No. 6 (Shmeman, NY 9) discussed the works of nineteenth century Russian poet A.A. Fet noting that for Fet Nature was not a force which led and decided life but only an arena in which life, determined from within, was expressed.

B. CROSS-REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF COMMUNIST AFFAIRS:

1. The Chinese -Japanese Relations. The signing of the Chinese -Japanese frienship treaty in Peking was 'discussed in WORLD THIS WEEK, No. 415 (Rahr, M 4). The Program pointed out that the.treaty with Japan is the most significant of a series of Chinese moves to improve relations with industrialized countries and that its successful conclusion after years of tortuous efforts is a clear victory for Peking. The program gave details on the controversial. "anti -hegemony in Asia" clause and Moscow's unhappiness over the clause. At the same time, the program pointed out that the treaty also declared that the accord would not affect . the relations of either state with other countries and that the anti -hegemony provision was not directed at any particular nation. The Sino-Japanese peace and friendship treaty and the complex of Soviet -Japanese-Chinese relations was the topic of ROUND TABLE TALK (Fedoseyev, Rahr, and Matusevich, M 20). The panelists assessed the historic significance of the treaty and the aspect of China's new foreign policy course. A good deal of the discussion was centered around the Soviet Union's resentment of the clause in the treaty that says both Japan and China will oppose efforts py any other country or group of countries to establish "hegemony in the Asia-Pacific Region." The deterioration in already cool Soviet-Japanese relations as Tokyo moves toward closer economic and political ties with Peking -- as well as the prospects of extremely strained Sino-Soviet relations in the wake of the signing of a treaty, were further analyzed by RL panelists.

2. Czechoslovakia. TEN YEARS SINCE THE OCCUPATION, No. 9 (Levin, M 29) described on the basis of contemporary documents and quotations from the reminiscences of Smrkovsky and Tigrid the situation immediately prior to the invasion, in particular the meeting at Cierna.

C. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TOPICS:

1. The Middle East. WORLD THIS WEEK, No. 415 (Zuckerman, NY 2) featured a brief report on President Carter's political 'activities in Washington in preparation of the Israeli - Egyptian-American summit at Camp David.

2. Rhodesia. WORLD THIS WEEK, No. 415 (Gregory, L 2) discussed the reaction in Britain to the Rhodesian Interim Government's decision to amend some laws discriminating against the black majority population of the country.

3. The UN. WORLD THIS WEEK, No. 415 (Bykovsky, NY 2) reported on two UN activities. The first report concerned the controversy surrounding Soviet UN diplomat Geliy Dneprovsky who has been linked to KGB activities at the UN. The program cited Waldheim's statement on the Dneprovsky's case. The second report discussed reasons why the US intends to boycott the UN Conference on Racism, recalling the position equating Zionism with racism.

4. the US Military Budget. WORLD THIS WEEK, No. 415 . (Savemark, NY 2) reported on the overwhelming approval in Congress of a record $119.2 billion defense spending bill. The program noted however that in absolute figures this may be a new record military budget but in practice, with 'rising inflation, the increase becomes negligible. 5

5. France. WORLD THIS WEEK, No. 445 (Gladilin, P 2) discussed the French cabinet ministers decision to allot equal television time to the country's opposition and the slow-down in air traffic as a -result of French air controllers discontent with wages and working conditions.

D. CULTURAL, SOCIAL, AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES:

1. Religion. The burial service of Pope Paul VI was a subject of WORLD THIS WEEK, No. 415 (Rahr, M 2:30).

NOT BY.BREAD ALONE (Rahr, M 10) featureda memorial program on Pope Paul VI which also included information about the Moscow Patriarchate's delegation's final respects.

John of Damascus, a seventh century Orthodox religious thinker was the subject Of NOT BY BREAD ALONE (Drobot, 8). His ideas on the relationship between intellect and freedom were p'resented as was his explanation of the relationship between sin, death, and salvation.

2. Culture. AT THE BOOKSHELF (Maltsev, R 1:30) deScribed. a new Italian novel which deals with the family tragedies at the end of the nineteenth century of a man, who realizing. the senselessness of the battle as well as the problems of his life, falls at the battle of Aduwa.

AT THE BOOKSHELF (Kafanova, NY 0:30) described a new book which attempts to analyze Ovid's feelings about his exile.

3 NEW YORK, NEW YORK (Konson, NY 9:30) described the experiences of a jewelry designer who, on arriving from the Soviet Union, spent several difficult months before he found a place to work where, at $25 an hour, he can do the kind of work which brings him personal aesthetic enjoyment.

vr/DF NEWS COVERAGE

All RFE Services and RL/NS carried these .stories in their newscasts of 12 August 1978:

Japan and China have signed a peace treaty.

The Soviet Union has accused President Carter of making contradictory statements on foreign policy. America's special Mideast envoy has conferred with Jordan's King Hussein.

Pope Paul has been buried.

Iran's second biggest city is reported calm after being placed under martial law.

Ethnic Chinese and Vietnamese authorities have been involved in a violent clash in Hanoi.

Portugal's Premier-designate says he hopes to form his government by the end of next week.

DELm_ s.DI- I ISO am :arm

RADIO LIBERTY DAILY BROADCAST ANALYSIS NO. 225 (A summary of the news coverage by the Russian- language programming appears at the end of the DBA)

(An next to a program. indicates designated for translation)

Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis N ..225 for Sunday, 13 August 1978 Ramano/Feltan

A. SOVIET TOPICS -- POLITICAL, ECONOMIC,.SOCIAL; AND CULTURAL:

1.. SALT. SIGNAL, No. 479 (Predtechevsky, M 11) described; based on an article by Strob Talbot in Time magazine, the atmosphere and working procedures in the current SALT talks, noting how much more formal they have become and how much less casual informal contact there is than a year ago. The program concluded with the observation that it is unfortunate that Soviet magazines do not provide their readers with . similar on-the -scene descriptions- of how such negotiations proceed.

2. .Soviet -Romanian Relations. EAST EUROPEAN JOURNAL, No. 70 (S..yardy, M 3) quoted foreign observers on differences bettieen Ceausescu's visit to Brezhnev in the Crimea and those of other East EUropean leaders. It was. noted, for example, that Ceausescu stayed only one day; the communique stressed peoples' inalienable right to 'freedom and independence- and contained no -reference to the PRC. The' observers opined that evidently no agreement was renched tetween Ceausescu and Trezhnev on Hua Kuo-feng's visit to Romania. It*was Suggested that Hua deliberately timed this visit to coincide with the 10th anniversary 'of' the Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia.

3: -NATIONALITIES PROBLEM 'INTHE WORLD TODAY, No. 35 (F. Silnitsky, NY 8:30) analyzed articles 34 and 36 of the new RSFSR and USSR danstitutions.respectively,which . , guarantee,the rights of citizens to.preserve their native language.. The'author noted that both cif:theabove son7 stitutions, however, avoid -a .clear-cut and precise defini- tion:and formulation of those rights. YThus, the resulting Situation sees the -practice of forceful Russification in- all'of the union republics.

4. Soviet Agriculture. MAN ON.THE-EARTH No. 198 (Popovsky, NY 14) based on a Christian Science Monitor article, compared American and Soviet agricultural production in several crops and -noted that. the Soviets had' failed to achieve their planned increases. Reasons listed 'include climatic 'Condition's, undermechaniation,Htooflittle use Of fertilizer and herbicides and, as the major reason, poor organization And management of labor. .The article was followed, by reminiscences by. the program's author of. his mother's work in. 1929 in setting up' a kolkhoz. The program noted that the kolkhoz system, which proved' ineffective, was a substitute - :for the voluntary collectives of -the 1920's which were - generaily_effective.as had been those individual- farmers who were driven .off the land as "kulaks.". In ,July' of thiS year. BrezpneV's account of the performan-ceOfKolkhozes’and sovkhozes- indicated a.rather serious failure and the Party's: neW:solution.was to propose a larger' state. agricultural. structure. -Based on. previous experience...the program doubted that another innovation Would actually help,' and the reason for the projected failure is that the Party is not really motivated economically --: it is 'motivated Politically. Control over those who work the land is the objective.

5. 'History-. .FIFTY YEARS AGO, No.. -200 0...Du4in,- NY 14)' provided the second and final installment 'of a description of the Third Congress Of the Socialist International, this time concentratingon such things as the observationthat : wherever both the. cOmmanist-and socialist. parties Were legal, the:sOcialists had the majOrity. It was -Tor this reason, the program noted, that Stalin made 'theSocial-democrats- this'enemynumber one. 'On the other hand, the program nOted, the congress illustrated something which 'is still true of the.West,an:inability to comprehend the internal workings of the Soviet, system. Thus_the Congress failed .to understand that Stalin was winning his battle for absolute power within thp.Soyiet Party aridwithin the -Comintern.-

- Culture.. ...FROM THE OTHER. SHORD,. NO., 709 (Andreyev and --Fedoseyeva, M. 27) the reading of. the first installment of an article written by Russian -emigre writer German' Andreyev.entitled "Where There Is Love, .There Is 'God."' The article was published in Kontinent-No. 164.Cn the -occasion of the 150th anniversary .of the birth of Lev - Tolstoy. PANORAMA 7. Tourism,. PARIS REPORT .(Mirsky, P'5:30).for VSD, by :described an article in the. new French magazine', tourists who a French tourist who gives advice to other. describes , may be planning to Visit the USSR. The article currency - the efforts of Sin/let citizen; to obtain hard are to or Western goods and how relatively'useless.rubles the Westerners even if obtained at an unofficial rate much lower 'since the prices in hard currency stores are so problem, than those in ruble stores. As a result of this

Many' .Soviet citizens offer exchange of such hard-to -obtain items as caviar.

AFFAIRS: B. CROSS -REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS 'OF COMMUNIST. Vardy, 1: Bulgaria.: EAST EUROPEAN JOURNAL,: No. 70.(S. 4th CC* M 3) excerpted Tpdor Zhivkoyls statements at .the the plenum.of the Bulgarian Komsomol in Which .he critized youth organization for its formalism and' ineffectiveness. (S.Vardy, 2. Czechoslovakia. EAST EUROPEAN. JOURNAL, No. 70 Charter-77 M 4:30). contained an item on document No. 18 of the 1968- movement which spoke of the illegality of the August con- -Soviet invasion of. Czechoslovakia,. and described the as tinued presence of Soviet troops on Czechoslovak 'soil unjustified in view of the normalization of relations between the Warsaw Pact and the FRG.

3. The GDR. EAST EUROPEAN JOURNAL, .No. 70 (S. Vardy, Vinokur M 4:30) gave the substance of an article by john over in The New York Times on the GDRsleaderShiWs concern the increasing recalcitrance uf GDR youth.

4. Poland. EAST EUROPEAN JOURNAL, No. 70. (S. Vardy, M 4:30)

excerpted a'statement.by the Polish Independent Scientific un- Saciety published in the.5.th issue for this year of the the official Polish journal' Opinia.. 'The statement outlines Society's program, which is aimed at Promoting free and objective scientific activity.

EAST EUROPEAN JOURNAL, No. 70 Vardy, Yi1:30) included an item on an announcement by Polish Trade Minister Adam Kowalik, in'an interview to. Trybuna Ludu,..that aspecial chain' of "commercial" butchers was being established where high-quality, but higher-priced, meat and meat products could be purchased. This, sid.Kowalik, was in view of doubts as ,to whether the state would be able to fully satisfy demand. 4

5. CHINA AFTER MAO No. 27 (Chilaeff, NY 9) continued the second part of an analysis discussing motives behind the Peking leadership's release on 1 July 1978 of the text of Mao. Tse-Tung's secret 'speech to the Party Central Committee 16 years after its delivery in 1962.. The.program pointed to passages of the Speech which have marked relevance to. China's present internal and foreign policy posture.

6.. Latin America. 'COMMUNISM AND GUERRILA WAR IN LATIN AMERICA, No. 12 (Kushev, L 13) reviewed the situation of Latin American CP's in general and the Strength and influence of the Argentinian, Brazilian, Columbian, and Bolivian CP's in particular..

C. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TOPICS:

1. The Middle East Summit Meeting. at Camp David on 5 September was the topic of discussion -of ROUND TABLETALK (Perouansky, Rahr, Fedoseyev, and Henkin,. M 21),HRL'panelists discussed . the hopes raised by. President Carter's' role of "full. partner" -in the Israeli -Egyptian talks and that Carter's arrangement -of the direct talks has infused new life into the long.- deadlocked Israeli-Egyptian .peace negotiations. Panel participants assessed the entire complex of problems facing the three countries at Camp David and pointed out. that failure to .make progress woulddamage too greatly theprestige of all three leaders involved.

NEW YORK REPORT, No. 920 (Shilaeff, NY 9). -in PANORAMA carried an article in The New York Times Magazine.by William Farrell -aboutthe Israeli perspective On.thances for a Middle' East settlement. The program Updated the article by referring to President Carter's succes.;3 in obtaining Egyptian and -Israeli agreement to meet. at Camp David.

2. .Africa. LONDON REPORT (Chuguyev, L 5) presented in PANORAMA an article from The Economist which gave an East- West balance Of forces in Africa, 50;000 troops from non- . African communist countries and 10,000 French. troops. The EcOnomist notes that, in the absence of the communist' troops .there would probably be changes in the gOvernments'of the countries those troops are supporting, Angola and Ethiopia, whereas the absenceof the French would at most lead to a possible and relatively insignificant turn-over in Chad.'

3. Human Rights Conference at Davis. SPECIAL FEATURE (Patrushev, NY 10:30) described the conference, in particular'the speech by Pat Derian and an interview which the. RL correspondent made withher’after-ber speech. uerian noted 'that human rights are not ju:A for the middle classes and -5-

the politically oriented. The reporter-was struck by her .sincerity and commitment.. In answer to his' questions she. stressed that the human rights policy was not something which could just be dropped. She noted that it was a long- term policy. As an indication of the need for it, she pointed out that after the Greek Colonels were, overthrown .manY Greeks felt that the United States, having failed .to criticize the Coldnels during the time they were in power and having done business with them, was jointly responsible for the:.harmHthey had done,

D.. CULTURAL SOCIAL; AND' SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES;

1. THE FUTURE OF THE PLANET EARTH,. No. 274 (Patrushey, NY 10) discussed ,a book written by former presidential aide and well-known economist and historian Walter.Rostow, which dealth with the prospects of the world economic system in the next quarter of this century. In this connection, the RL correspondent also interviewed Professor. Rostow,' quetion-, ing him about the so-called "Kondratievtheory-of economic cycles in' thecapitalist word" and its possible applicabl- lity:to the USSR and sociaii;st countries as well.

2. Religion.. SUNDAY TALK,. No.. 11,12 (Shmeman, NY 8:30)' dealt 'with. the Church and the Eucharist, noting that the act of' gratitude in rememberance of 'Him fOrmed the central event and' foundation of the Church's life.

vr/DF ' NEWS COVERAGE

All RFE Services and RL/NS carried these stories in their newscasts of 13 August 1978:

Anew controversy has erupted over Israeli settlements in occupied Arab territory.

President Carter has said his own political future may be at stake in the coming Mideast summit talks.

At least 39 persons have been killed in an explosion at a Beirut building housing Palestinian guerrilla organizations. America's top arms negotiator has said he doesn't think it will be feasible for the Senate to amend any new SALT treaty.

China has referred to its new peace treaty with Japan in an attack on the Soviet Union.

Vietnam has reported another border incident with China. Iran's government has imposed martial law on three more towns following rioting.

Portuguese Socialist leader Mario Soares has said his party won't be hostile to an independent-led government but wants it to continue Socialist policies.

Thousands have visisted Pope Paul's tomb.

Leftist and rightist demonstrators have clashed in Frankfurt on the 17th anniversary of the building of the Berlin Wall. Israel Zalmanson has arrived in the West. rirr sal isId

RADIO LIBERTY DAILY BROADCAST ANALYSIS NO. 226 (A summary of the news coverage by the Russian- language programming appears at the end of the DBA)

(An * next'to a program indicates designated for translation)

Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. 226 for Monday, 14 August 1978 Felton/Romano

A. SOVIET TOPICS -- POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL:

1. Soviet:-US Relations. NEW YORK REPORT, No. 929-78 (Zuckerman, NY 3:30) drew attention to a statement by Senator John Sparkman in a radio interview that the SALT talks should not be dependent on the Soviet authorities' treatment of dissidents, and referred to a poll conducted

by AP and NBC which indicates that 76 percent of Americans think the same.

PRESS REVIEW (Fedoseyevi M 2:30) quoted The Baltimore Sun, that while More and more members of the Carter administration. believe -that the worst times. in US-Soviet relations are already in the past, the USSR continues to repress dissidents, Crawford, Whitney, and Piper await further legal action, etc.; and The Washington Post, on Carter's difficulty in choosing between the Vance and Brzezinski lines in policy towards 'the USSR.

2. Dissidents and Human Rights. In connection with Alexander Podrabinek's trial which is reportedly set to start on 15 AUgust, DOCUMENTS OF OUR TIMES, No. 152 (Schlippe, M 28) featured a RERUN from 30 August 1977 and 1 September 1977 readings from Podrabinek's book Punitive' Medicine which recorded case histories of.persons incarcerated in psychiatric hospitals for their convictions.

NOTE (Fedoseyev, M 6); based on an 11 August Radio Liberty Research piece by Vishnevskaya, and in connection with the -2

trial scheduled to begin 15 August, noted the impact which Alexander Podrabinek's book Punitive Medicine had had, in particular on the Honolulu Psychiatric Congress, and referred to the measures the Soviet authorities have taken to try to get rid of him, including holding his brother hostage.

THE AMNESTY INTERNATIONAL GROUP IN THE USSR, No. 1 (Turchin, NY 13) described the reasons for the decision of the author and others in 1973 to found an Amnesty International group in the Soviet Union. .Most important was the thought that by helping to advance the cause of human rights throughout the world (national groups are not responsible for reporting on violations in their awn countries), the standard which the Soviet Union would have to try to meet would be more firmly established and more generally known. Background on the purposes of Amnesty International including its disavowal of violence jay those seeking to advance their cause or against prisoners, was given.

3. Brezhnev's Crimea Meetings. NOTE (Henkin, M 5:30), quoting Pravda on the importance of these meetings for strengthening friendship and solidarity among the socialist countries, noted how they have become institutionalized. The program referred to the memoirs of Georges Bottoli, former French radio and TV correspondent in Moscow, that cameramen received instructions to film prominent guests in the Crimea in such a way that the location could not be identified. Western observers were quoted on Ceausescu's opposition to Brezhnev's original idea of having his guests arriving simultaneously. The briefness of Ceausescu's appearance this year was also noted.

4. The 1980 Moscow Olympics. In connection with the current debate in Britain over the expediency of holding the 1980 Olympic Games in Moscow in view of the USSR's record of repression against its dissidents, LONDON REPORT (Gregory, L 3) gave the contents of Vladimir Bukovsky's letter to The Time (London) on this subject.

5. The Ruble. NOTE (Kroncher, M 4:30) observed that although the Soviet State Bank has upvalued the ruble in respect to the dollar by three cents to 1 dollar 49 cents,. and the dollar is indeed falling in respect 'to other major hard Currencies, the ruble itself is non-convertible. Western banks sell. rubles not at the -State Bank rate, but the rate they. consider realistic; at present, a dollar 'would -buy not 67 kopeiks, but 4 rubles. .The program ' pointed out that the ruble 'does not enjoy international confidence since not 'only is the Soviet economy weak, but reliable information on it.is lacking:

6. Culture. THROUGH THE EYES OF A CRITIC AND SPECTATOR, No. 75 (Igoshina, P 8) featured a review of the play The Diamond Ring by Ukrainian playwright Sandro Levada. The play, which deals with the mid-life crisis of a married *scruple, is part of the Kiev theater's repertoire this year. -3-

7. Tolstoi. BOOKS, JOURNALS AND IDEAS, No. 180 (A. Bek, NY 12) featured the second part of a review of Tatiyana Sukhotina-Tolstoi's (Tolstoi's eldest daughter's) memoirs entitled Tolstoi Remembered. This program dealt with the chapter entitled "The Death of My Father."

FROM THE OTHER SHORE, No. 710 (Andreyev and Fedoseyeva, M 29) continued to read the second installment from Russian emigre writer German Andreyev's article "Where There Is Love, There Is God" published in Kontinent No. 16, on the occasion of the 150th anniversary of the birth of Lev Tolstoi. The program explored Tolstoi's religious and philosophical . thoughts as an instrument of resistance against the ideologies and practices of totalitarian systems. '

B. CROSS-REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF. COMMUNIST AFFAIRS:

1. Czechoslovakia. LONDON REPORT (Gregory, L 2) previewed Upcoming measures in Britain to commemorate the 10th anniversary of the Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia. The Con- servative Party is to organize a meeting on Trafalgar Square attended by MP Peter Walker, Ludek Pachman, and Vladimir Bukovsky. A Labor Party meeting in Hyde Park is to.be attended by Ian Mikardo and Jiri Pelikan. .The CPGB, which has always condemned the invasion, is to issue a special statement. A representative of the London committee for the defense of Czechoslovak socialists wasquoted that the Dubcek reforms were no threat to socialism.

NOTE (Matusevich, M 4:30) said that following the expulsion and harassment of US, Swedish) West German, and Danish 'correspondents in.Czechoslovakia over -the past three months, .the recent expulsion of Belgian journalist Hugo Camps and : the harassment of Norwegian journalists Savik and Mure suggest that these measures are in preparation for. the 10th anniversary of the Soviet invasion of -Czechoslovakia. The Program quoted from the protest statement to Husak by the Norwegian journalists' 'Union, And noted the sharp Belgian reaction (cancellation of a visit by the Belgian 'Interior Minister, and the summoning of the Czech Ambassador to the Belgian Foreign Ministry)..

2. The GDR. NOTE (A. Vardy, M 6), devoted to the 17th anniversary of the Berlin Wall, gave facts and figures on this edifice, including the number of escapees and victims, and featured voice cuts of speeches by West Berlin Senator .Liebschlaeger and FRG Minister Wischnewski, who said that while the wall remained a monument of shame, the situation was now changed in that many countries were trying to dis- mantle walls and build bridges. The program noted the -increaSed contacts between FRG and .GDR citizens which have become possible in recent years.. Reference was -also made to Genscher's statement on the inhumanity of the wall. 3. The PCI. ROME REPORT (Maltsev, R 7:30) focused on Belinguer's interview to La Republica in which he said in particular that the PCI Considered itself not only the continuers of Leninism but.. its critic and interpreter; the party did not regard.Leninism as a set of scholastically formulated rules which had to be followed blindly under all circumstances, but considered that Lenin had valuable lessons to offer. .'Berlinguer distinguished between Leninist democratic centralism and bureaucratic centralism, and admitted that the PCI had in the past been something of a "military" organization. He expressed concern over the mistrust shown towards the PCI by the Italian socialists. At the same time, 'he insisted that the PCI aimed. to liquidate and build a society differing both from "real socialism" as well as the social-democratic model. Berlinguer said, however, that the Italian working class was for a , parliament, not .soviets. The program pointed to the re-7 action of mistrust towards. Berlinguer's statements on the part of other Italian parties.

4. The World Communist Movement. NOTE. (Predtechevsky, M 4:30) analyzed the post-war conflicts withinthe world communist movement. This was pegged to comments made by high-ranking Italian CP member Giancarlo.Pajetta who. voiced concern over the damaging effect on the credibility of the Western CPs.' policy, of unity with other national forces produced by conflicts among communists themselves and disagreements between *communist-ruled states.

5. Georges Marchais. PARIS REPORT (Mirsky, P 6) gave the substance of two large articles in L'Express presenting evidence that thePCF leader volunteered to work at a Me6erschmidt factory in Bavaria during World War Two,. The program noted that letters disputing this were mostly anonymous and repeated assertions made in L'Humanite and referred to Marchais' having lost a court case in this of the PCF leadership. matter against two former members C. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC .TOPICS:

1. The Sino-Japanese Peace Treaty. NOTE (Matusevich, M 4:30) pointed to the historical significance of the signing of the PRC-Japanese peace treaty, and said that this was also a consequence of Moscow's uncompromising policy towards Japan, e.g., over the Kurile Islands issue, and Soviet pressure in the form of threatening notes and military posturing. The program referred in this connection to the Soviet media's claim that Japan had "capitulated" over the inclusion of an anti-hegemonism clause in the treaty.

PRESS REVIEW (Rahr and Matusevich, M 6:30) quoted comments on the Sino-Japanese peace treaty in Ren Min Rih Bao, on the displeasure of "Soviet social-imperialism"; Yomiuri Shimbun, - 5 -

relations that the treaty includes Japan's wish to have good this with all countries; Asahi Shimbun, which also stresses and point;, The New York Times, on implications for Soviet for PRC US policy.The Times (David Bonavia), on.a success threats. foreign policy; The Times (editorial) on crude Soviet Danish Politiken to prevent the signing of the treaty; and the PRC. on a. defeat for the USSR and a victory for the and World Report," 2. President Carter's Interview to "US News and US relations in which he spoke on the Camp David summit YORK REPORT, with the USSR and PRC, was summarized in NEW No. 928-18 (Shilaeff, NY 6:30). . (Predtechevsky, M 4) gave 3. Iraqi Foreign Policy. NOTE Washington Post the substance of an article by Smith of The is cooling her on how Iraq, as her oil revenues Increase, with the West. relations with the USSR and expanding contacts

OF NON-COMMUNIST D. CUTTURAL, SOCIAL, AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS COUNTRIES: DRAMATURGY (Maltsev, I. Cultural.Miscellanea. THEATER AND of American chore- R 2) featured brief notes on a performance at the Milan. ographer Joseph Russillo's ballet.H.Requiem" International Festival Summer Festival, as well as the Eighth Archangel di Roma. of the Italian National Theater in San included an item THEATER AND DRAMATURGY (Salkazanova, P 4) Marcel Sarceau on the upcoming opening this October of the school of Pantomime in Paris item on a THEATER AND DRAMATURGY (Zinik, L 11) featured an Garden area. small theater troop performing in London's Covent

2:30) and PRESS REVIEW was featured in A-1 (Fedoseyev, M . C-1 (Rahr and Matusevich, M 6:30).

programming on WORLD TODAY (Nadirashvili, M 59:30) featured (Henkin, the following topics: Brezhnev's Crimea meetings of the M 5); British commemoration of the 10th anniversary expulsion invasion of Czechoslovakia. (Gregory, L 1:30); the in connection of foreign correspondents from Czechoslovakia anniversary with the anniversary (Matusevich M 3:30)1 the .17th s letter to of the Berlin Wall (A. Vardy, M 4); Bukovsky L 2:30); The Times on the 1980 Olympics in Moscow (Gregory,

Berlinguer's interview to La Repubblica (Maltsev, R 4:30); 5:30); Georges Marchais' World War Two record (Mirsky, P

and the SMO-Japanese peace treaty (Matusevich, M. 4:30)..

vr/ER NEWS COVERAGE

All RFE Services and RII/NS carried these stories in their newscasts of 14 August 1978:

Chinese Party Chairman Hua has begun a journey that, will take him to Romania, Yugoslavia and Iran. China has told Japan that it will formally scrap an anti-Japanese alliance it signed with the Soviet Union nearly 30 years ago.

The Israeli government has decided to temporarily freeze any action on building, five settlements on the. occupied West Bank of the Jordan until after next month's Mideast summit. Portugal's Premier-designaie says he will form a government with or without the Socialists. Soviet dissident Alexander Podrabinek goes on trial Tuesday. The Soviet Union claims that documents recently published in the U.S. show the "real face" of China's leaders.

China and Vietnam continue to trade accusations.

.The President of the Congo has said that a plot to overthrow the country's ruling military committee has been foiled.. A United Nations conference on raoism opened today.

One million tons of American grain has been sold to China.

The Soviet and Bulgarian leaders have met in the Crimea.

A Palestinian official says Sunday's bombing of a Beirut building muFlt have been an inside job. Christina Kausov is back in Moscow. MERL

RADIO LIBERTY DAILY BROADCAST ANALYSTS NO. 227 , (A summary of the news coverage by the Ruseian- language programming appears at the end of the DA)

(An * next to a program indicates , designated for translation)'

Russian Daily 'Broadcast Analysis No. 227 . for Tuesday, 15 August 1976 Felton/Bihfrank/Romano

A. SOVIET TOPICS --POLITICAL, ECONOMIC 'SOCIAL4 AND CULTURAL:

14 Soviet-US Relations. NEW YORK REPORT, NO. 935-78 (Bykovsky, NY 2:30) noted that in testimony before the House Armed Services Committee,.US Energy Department official Donald Kerr expressed the opinion that a treaty with the USSR on -a total hi:Clear test' ban could jeopardize the effectiveness of the US's nuclear potential. Kerr advocated a treaty limited to ,3-5 years' duration.'

WASHINGTON REPORT, No. 1296 (Savemark, W. 4:30) quoted from an article in 'The Washington Post on the question of the US supplying oil-drilling and prospecting technology to the USSR.

2. Dissidents and Human Rights. TEN YEARS OF THE CHRONICLE OF CURRENT EVENTS , No.. 23 (Alekseyeva, M 10:30) discussed the reports .. in the Chronicle from 1974 onwards concerning developments.in the Georgian dissident movement.

3. Art. CULTURAL CHRONICLE (Orlov, NY 1:3,0). featured a brief note on an exhibition in New York's World Trade Center of the worka of 40 Soviet artist's selected by, the USSR-US Society in Moscow. It was noted that non-Conformist artists were not represented.

4. Religion. REVIEW OF THE RUSSIAN-LANGUAGE FOREIGN PRESS, No. 100 (Schajovicz M 21) featured an article in the West German monthly Religion and Atheism in the USSR by a Dutch theological student, Van der Foot, who studied at the Lenin- grad'OrthOdoX seminary from 1974 to 1977. He recounted haw many seminarians are pressured to act as informers by the KGB. He also noted that there were four to five applications for every opening in the student body. The author of the article .was arrested by the KGB on charges of anti-Soviet agitation and now resides in the Netherlands.. 5. Tolstoi. FROM THE OTHER SHORE, No. 711 (Fedoseyeva, M 28:30) continued to read from an article in Kontinent, on the religious and philosophical thought of Lev Tolstoi. The article, entitled "Where There Is Love, There Is nod," was by the Russian emigre writer German Andreyev.

B. CROSS-REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF COMMUNIST AFFAIRS:

1. Hua Kuo-feng's Balkan Trip. NOTE (Matusevich, M 5), in connection with Hua's visit to Romania and Yugoslavia and the USSR's declared hostility to China's foreign policy, quoted a Berlingske Tidende (Copenhagen) article that neither of the countries on the itinerary is interested in a real alliance with China but that China's "window on Europe" could eventually contribute to a liberalization of Chinese communism along Eurocommunist lines. The program noted that the two countries visited have attempted to remain neutral in the Sino-Soviet dispute and that the visit is occurring on the tenth anniversary of the invasion of Czechoslovakia, an vasion which both the visited countries condemned.

PRESS REVIEW -(Fedoseyev and Ben, M 4:30) quoted commentson Hua's visit to Romania and Yugoslavia in The Daily Telegraph, The Times, The Christian Science Monitor, La Repubblica, and Politiken, where the PRC's anti-Soviet intentions were especially.noted..

2. Czechoslovakia. NOTE (Henkin, M 5) highlighted:David .Andelman's The New York Times article which described the propaganda campaign in Czechoslovakia designed, to discredit the regime and former and present -supporters of Alexander Dubcek on :the tenth anniversary of the Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia.

3. PRC-Vietnamese Relations. NOTE (Pedoseyev, M 3;30) and NEW'YORK REPORT, No. 932778 (Konson,'NY 1:30) noted recently reported incidents accoMpanying the talks in Hanoi between... the Vietnamese and .PRC Deputy Foreign Ministers on. the question of Chinese living in Vietnam. Specifically,.these were an attack by a group of these Chinese against Vietnamese border guards; and an attack by Vietnamesa security forces against Chinese-Vietnamese awaiting departure for the PRC in a Hanoi' 'station hotel. The program noted Pravda's15 August charge that the PRC was in. a plot With reactionary forces, and quoted some refugees, 'that the. Vietnamese actions were not directed against Chinese' as such, but against small.private businesses.

C. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TOPICS:

1. The PRC-Japanese Treaty. NOTE (Matusevich, M 3:30), in connection with the reported _intention' of China to denounce its 1950 treaty with the Soviet Union, observed that the present Sino-Japanese treaty can be regarded as carrying out one of the provisions of the Sino-Soviet treaty, i.e, the provision that .the parties Obligated themselves to.sign peace treaty with Japan. In addition the program noted that the 1950 treaty specifically and by name indicated hostility toward Japan whereas the current treaty expresses hostility toward hegemonism but does not contain any language designa- ting any state as. a potential aggressor.

NEW YORK REPORT, Na. 934-78- (Shilaeff, NY 5) noted positive reaction.to.the peace treaty by the US government,..which- :also approves of the "hegemony" clause, and the US press. Reference Was made to articles in The Christian Science .Monitor, Which say that cautious diplomacy will be required in relations' with the USSR, which is confronted with the. danger of growing isolation, and in The New -York Times, which ' . points. out that Peking has also told the 'USSR it does not . intend to prolong the Soviet-Chinese friendship treaty of 1950.

PRESS REVIEW .(Ben and-Fedoseyev,1 4:30) quoted comments on the treaty in The .Asahi Evening News, which speaks of a kind of Japanese-US-Chinese axis; The Indian Express (a victory for the PRC);. Le Figaro (an Attempt by the PRC to destroy. Soviet encirclement); Le Matin (an unprecedented political. sbreakthrough); and.The Financial Times, on the benefits to both,sidesi

2. The Middle East. NOTE (Perouansky, M 5) discussed the situation prior to the Camp David summit between Carter, Sadat, and Begin. The program noted Sadat's assurance that he did not intend to conclude a separate peace treaty with Israel, and said that Israel's threat to create five new settlements ba occupied Arab territory can hardly further the prospects for success of the summit. Reference was also made to Carter's placing his political prestige at stake.

3. US-PRC Relations: NEW YORK REPORT, No. 923-78 (Shilaeff, NY 3:30) .discussed an article in The .Washington Post on Chinese oil resources, noting thatrepresentatives of American oil firms were in Peking discussing the possibility of helping to develop them. '

NEW YORK REPORT, No_ 930-78 '(Shilaeff, NY .4:30) discussed the State Departments release of documents concerning Chou'En-Lai's early overtures to the US in connection with the possibility, of the US granting econbmic aid to the new communist regime in.China.

NEU YORK REPORT, No. 936-78 (Shilaeff,.NY 4':30) focused on' a message sent to Washington in' 1949 by US Ambassador to the 'USSR Fby Kohler which called for 4 -firm policy towards the pK and resulted in the US not reacting to an overture by PRC ForeignMinister Chad En-Lai in which he expresbed interest in US economic aid- In a telephone interview to RL, Kohler said that although rather surprised at ,the firm tone of his message, which he no longer remembered, it seemed clear to him at the time that the Chinese communists would have to rely ' on Moscow for aid. . 4. The US. President Carter's 14 August speech to farmers in Columbia (Missouri) was covered in NEW YORK REPORT, No. 933 (Zuckerman, NY 3:30). The program pointed out that Carter used the occasion to criticize Congress for failure to enact his domestic program and help him win the fight against inflation.

NEW YORK REPORT, No. 931-78r(Muslin, NY 5) dealt with President Carter's briefing of newsmen on American economic questions, stressing the energy problem.

WASHINGTON REPORT, No. 1297 (Savemark, W 4) discussed the Congressional investigations .into the aSsaSsinations.of John F. Kennedy and Martin Luther King.

AMERICA - DEEDS AND PEOPLE, No. 108 (Navrozov, NY 7:30) backgrounded the. custom in the US of staging "Marches on.Washington." The program pointed ,out that the matches allowed individuals. and groups to protest or explain their positions to the government:and Congress.. Several examples of marches were given, including the 1.913 women's march demanding the right to vote; the 1932 veterans' march, the 1963 civil rights march and the Vietnam demonstrations.

5. The UN Conference on Racism in Geneva was discussed in 'NOTE (Rahr, M 4:30), which noted that the US and Israel ' decided not to attend because the conference was called as a result of a UN resolution equating Zionism'with racism.

6. Africa- PROBLEMS OF DEVELOPING. COUNTRIES, No. 105 (Pasta, M 9:30) discussed the situation in independent black. African states, noting the differences'between.states that permitted free enterprise and those that followed a state-ownership, socialist Course.

7. France. PARTS REPORT (Mirsky, M 5:30) discussed the -French government's decision to lift price controls on bread as part of a broad move to end government control of the economy.

8. The World Sociology Congress in Uppsala was the subject of SWEDEN REPORT (Voronitsyn, St 1:30), which noted that the Soviet rnion sent a big delegation.

D. CULTURAL, SOCIAL, AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES:

1. A Profile of British Sculptor Henry Moore was given in AROUND THE WORLD'S EXHIBITION HALLS (Golomshtok, L 11) on the occasion of his 80th birthday.

2. Tourism in the US. , MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS, No. 327 (Orlov, NY 1:30)'stated that New York is experiencing the biggest tourist boom in its history, noting that*the city had 16.5 million visitors last year. 3. Religion in the US. NEW YORK, NEW YORK, No. 25 (Konson, NY 6:30) pointed to the large number of religious believers and denominations in the US, particularly in New York. The program paid special attention to the status of the Rnssian Orthodox denomination.

4. A Profile of Russian-Born Mexican Artist Vladi (Vladimir Kibalchich) was given in ART AND LITERATURE, No. 560 (Lvov, NY 13).

PRESS REVIEW was featured in B-1 (Fedoseyev and Ben, M 4:30) and C-1 (Pedoseyev and Ben, M 4:30).

WORLD TODAY (Nadirashvili, M 59:30) featured programming on. .the following topics: Carter's interview on economic problems (Muslin, Ny.4); Carter's interview to US News and World 'Report on US foreign policy .(Shilaeff, Ny.3:30)4 The Washington Post on the advisability of US aid for the' Soviet oil industry (Savemark4 W 3); Senator Sparkmans objection to tying, SALT to human rights (Zickerman,Ny 1:30); Sada.Cs goals at the Camp David summit (perouansky4 M 3); Hua Kuo7feng's visit to Bucharest (Matusevich, M 4:30)4 the USSRPRC-Japan.triangle (Matusevich, M 3); new friction between the PRC and Vietnam (Konson, NY-2);. Chou En-Lai's 1949 overtures to the US ' (Shilaeff, NY 3); Chinese oil resources .(Shilaeff,: NY 2:30); Andeiman's.article in The New York Times on the aftermath of the August 1968 invasion of Czechoslovakia (Henkin, M 4); and the Geneva anti-racism conference (Rehr, M 3:30).

vr/GSL NEWS COVERAGE

All RFE Serviced and RL/NS carried these stories in their newscasts of 15 August'1978:

Soviet human rights activist-Alexander:Podrabinek was sentenced today to five. years of internal exile.

The U.S. has asked its ledding allied to join..its refusal to sell a. sophisticated computer to the.Soviet news .agency PASS..

Chinese leader' Hua Kuo-fang arrives in Romania tomorrow.'

The U.S. dollar had another rough day on the world's money markets :today.

Some political prisoners have been freed In an amnesty In Iran.

The Lebanese government is said to have withdrawn some of the _force which failed to take oontrol.in the Israeli border region.

.Turkey has registered unspecified objections to the formula 'worked out In the U.S. congress for. ending the arms embargo.

Portugal's Prime Minister-designate Nobre da Costa today renewed his efforts to form a new government with a fresh round of talks with pplitical.party leaders.

The U.S. says two Romanians set their olothes on fire at the. American

Lmbassy.in gucham;Learly this month..

The number of people, fleeing to pro-western countries from Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia has reportedly tripled. China' and Vietnam have held more talks -on the exodus of ethnic Chinese from Vietnam.

An inquest has opened in South Africa into the deatlyof a young black in police custody.

South. Korean President Park today' again appealed to North Korea, to open .a dialogue with the South" oneconomic cooperation to pave the Way for eventual.reunification. 4, solamealiPA PP Bilk! Vail rim Mil&

RADIO LIBERTY DAILY BROADCAST ANALYSIS NO. 22S (A summary of the news coverage by the Russian- language programming appears at the end of the DBA)

(An * next to a program indicates designated for translation)

Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. 228 for Wednesday, 16 August 1978 Felton/Romano

'AND CULTURAL: A. SOVIET TOPICS -- POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, - US-Soviet Relations. The US's 'request to her allies npt

to supply a computer for use by TASS was the subject of'

WASHINGTON REPORT (Savemark, W 3:30), based on a Washington clearly Post article. It was explained that technology which cannot comes under the purview of the Coordinating Committee . be sold .to the Soviet Union if one of the members objects, some but that the computer for TASS is a different case.. For countries the US's request created an awkward choice since, they might prefer not to have to participate publicly in a boycott. of deliveries to the USSR,

.N.B1Wy0FiKE$TORT..No. 939 (Storozhenko, NY 3) gave details of the American Institute of Marine Underwriters' criticism levelled against the Soviet.Stateinsurance..organization "Ingosstrakh." The program pointed out that the American marine insurance underwriters have charged "Ingosstrakhu with unfair trade practices in violation of the trade act, a of 1974 and that three attempts since 1975 to negotiate more open market were total failures. The program ciced statements made in this connection by the Institute's - President Thomas Fain.

2, Dissidents and Human Rights. . The sentencing of Alexander Podrabinek to five years internal exile on a charge of de- faming the Soviet state was the, subject of NOTE (Fedoseyev, M 5), The program gave background on Podrabinek and his conviction because of his book Punitive Medicine which exposed Soviet abuse of psychatry for political purposes. It was further noted that Podrabinek's sentencing. capped a summer of trials of Soviet human rights activists sentenced for their direct involvement in dissident activities. The program cited statements by Senators Claybourne Pell, Robert Dole, Richard Stone, and Congressional leader Paul Simon.

In connection with the trial and sentencing of Alexander Podrabinek to five years' internal exile, DOCUMENTS OF OUR TIME, No. 153 (Burstein and Schlippe, M 30) continued to feature a RERUN of excerpts from Podrabinek's book Punitive Medicine which were broadcast on 1 September 1977.

PARIS REPORT (Mirsky, P 5:30) referred to an appeal for the release of Sergei Kovalev by a .French committee Of biologists in defense of political prisoners (the program noted, however, that numerous previous appeals have so far proved unsuccess- ful), and French press reaction to the sentencing- of Alexander .Podrabinek. Le Figaro 'spoke of another Stalinist trial,. and Le Matin carried an article by Viktor Fainberg. The program 'also quoted froma statement in defense of Podrabinek by 128 .Soviet citizens including Sakharov.

PRESS REVIEW (Pusta and Fedoseyeva, M 5) quoted comments on the sentencing of Alexander Podrabinek in Die Welt, L'Aurore, L'Humanite, Le Figaro, The Daily Telegraph, The Financial -Times, and The Washington ;Post.

'Pegged to the latest incident of a homeless Armenian woman and her two young sons who have sought asylum at the US' Embassy in Moscow, NOTE (Predtechevsky, M-2:30) discussed the case of Pentecostalist believers who have been squatting in the US Embassy for the Last six weeks. The program pointed to the desperate situation of Soviet citizens Who are being denied the right to reunify with their families abroad and are forced to take desperate measures, such as seeking asylum in foreign embassies.

3. The USSR and The Middle East. NEW YORK REPORT, No. 938 (Orlov, NY 4) gave the substance of a The Christian Science Monitor article by Constantine Menges, a staff member of the Hudson Institute and Rand Corporation. The article analyzed Soviet influence in the Middle East and voiced concern that in the early 1980's pro-Soviet governments might be in control of the oil sUpplies,.which could. pose a direct threat to the. survival of democratic nations.

4. The Karpov-Korchnoi Duel. NOTE (Pylayev, M 4) reviewed the 12th game in the Korchnoi-Karpov World Chess Championship in Manila

5. Christina Onassis in Moscow. WORLD TODAY (Matusevich, M 2:30) featured a translation of Art Buchwald's satirical column in The International Herald Tribune entitled "Christina in Moscow." - 3 -

6. Society. GUEST OF THE WEEK, No. 94 (V. Rudolph and F. Neznansky, NY 18) was a former investigator in the Moscow State Prosecutor's office, F. Neznansky, who left the Soviet Union in 1977. His reason for leaving was that he could no longer stand participating in a system in which no one says what he thinks or thinks what he says. The difference in the Soviet system at present as compared with Stalin's time he found 'to be that Stalin was dependent almost entirely on the KGB whereas at present the Party depends on a number of organs for maintaining control over society. The interviewee provided facts and figures on the incidence and cause of crimes in Moscow and in the Soviet Union, information which Soviet authorities have never published.

7. The International Congress of Nuclear Physicists which opened in Riga on 17 August was the subject of NOTE (Matusevich, M 3). The program pointed out that the word "international" is inappropriate here since a number of Western physicists from highly industrialized countries have decided to boycott the conference because of the political climate in the USSR. The program cited an interview in the Swedish newspaper Dagens Nyheter with Prof. Ingmar Lindgren, Vice-President of the International Association of Theoretical and Applied Physics, on the reasons behind the Western boycott of the conference.

8. Tolstoi. FROM THE OTHER SHORE, No. 712 (Andreyev and Fedoseyeva, M 28:30) featured the fourth and final installment of Russian emigre writer German Andreyev's article "Where There Is Love, There Is God." The article, which was published in Kontinent No. 16 in conjunction with the 150th anniversary of the birth of Lev Tolstoi, explores TOlstoi's religious and philosophical thoughts as an instrument of resistance against the ideologies and practices of totalit'a- rian systems.

B. CROSS-REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF COMMUNIST AFFAIRS:

1. Hua Kuo-fenq's Visit to Romania. NOTE (Perouansky, M 6) observed that while the Romanian media describe the visit a. a historical event, and despite Rcmanian attempts to mediate in the Sino-Soviet conflict, the Soviet media have not only been tardy and laconic in their coverage of the visit (iflir', was described as travelling to "Europe"), but have quoted Le Matin on 'the. "clearly anti-Soviet nature" of the trip, and the Albanian message to the PRC leadership on Chou En-Lai'd attempts to persuade Albania to join with Yugoslavia and -Romania in a military alliance.

PRESS REVIEW (Pusta and Fedoseyeva, M.5) quoted comments in the Frankfurter Allqemeine Zeituncy,'the Tages-Anzeicier, The Guardian, The Financial Times, The Times, and The Pail Telegraph. 4

2. Czechoslovakia. NOTE (A. Vardy, M 6) gave the substance of interviews given to the Frankfurter Rundschau, by Mlynar and.Sik, and Die Welt, by Pelikan, on the occasion of the tenth anniversary of the Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia. Sik suggested that the invasion might have been averted if the,14th party congress had been held earlier, Mlynar said the invasion was inevitable'. Both spoke of the destruction of traditional Czechoslovak friendship towards the USSR. Pelikan referred to the damage done to the world communist movement, and the two-faced policy of the USSR.

NOTE (Nadirashvili, M 7:30) focused on an APN commentary by Medvedev broadcast on Moscow Radio attempting to justify the Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia in August 1968 on the grounds that it was necessary in order to prevent foreign (i.e., West German) intervention and frustrate reactionary plans to unleash a civil war; requests for help from workers, communists, and other sections of the public could not be ignored; and thanks to the occupation, Czechoslovakia has achieved significant successes, e.g., an increase in the national income. The program said that, leaving aside the obvious absurdity of such arguments, the latter are calculated to impress on all and sundry that Soviet foreign policy is determined not by the conventional norms of international law, but the requirements of the class war. The program observed that while in an Izvestia article of 10 August Bovin and Kamynin, in a reply to those in Spain who advocated priority for relations with the West, said it was better to stand on two legs than one, this evidently does not apply to Czechoslovakia.

MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS, No. 328 (S. Vardy, M 3:30) reported on further measures to encourage pensioners in Czechoslovakia to return to work, outlined by Minister of Labor and Social Security Michal Stancev in a press conference reported on in Rude Pravo.

3. The PRC. In. the wake of the signing of the Sino-Japanese friendship treaty, LONDON REPORT (Gregory, L-7:30) reviewed ' .the contents Of articles by Lord Gladwyn in The Times and James Cameron in The Guardian which provided contrasting assessments of China's economic'prospects and. its growing .role on the international arena. '

C. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TOPICS:

1. The Papal Succession was discussed in WASHINGTON REPORT, No. 1299 (Savemark, W 2:30) which was based on a The Washington Post article by William Claybourne, the newspaper's special correspondent at the Vatican. 4

2. Peru. PROBLEMS OF DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, No. 104 (Pusta, M 8:30) noted the Peruvian military regime's flexible and effective policy of reform and national self-reliance, which differs from the policies of other Latin American countries.

D. CULTURAL, SOCIAL, AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST COUNTIRES:

1. Thermonuclear Research. NEW YORK REPORT, No. 937 (Muslin, NY 5) discussed the sensational experiment at Princeton Uni- versity during which American scientists succeeded in duplica- ting, under controlled conditions, the same kind of nuclear reaction that powers the sun and the hydrogen bomb. The program cited US press comment, as well as statements by US Department of Energy and Princeton University spokesmen on ,the historic significance of this achievement.

2. Energy Research in the US. MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS, No. 329 (Bykovsky, NY 7) discussed the contents of a study published by the UN Committee on Science and Technology on ways to extract energy from ocean seabeds for the generation of electricity.

3. Heart Research. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY TODAY, No. 188 (Muslin, NY 13) presented an interview with Noise Gitterman, a former Soviet physicist who now pursues. his profession at the Bar-Ilan University in Israel. Gitterman discussed his findings in a research project dealing with cardiological questions in general and heart murmurs in particular.

PRESS REVIEW (Pusta and Fedoseyeva, M 10) was featured in A-2 (Pusta and Fedoseyeva, M 5) and B-1 (Pusta and Fedoseyeva, M5). WORLD TODAY (Fedoseyev, M 59:30) featured programming on the following topics: Hua Kuo-feng's visit to Romania (Perouansky, M 3).; the British press on the PRC's growing political role (Gregory, L 4); US appraisal of the Sino-Japanese peace treaty, (Shilaeff, NY 3); the Podrabinek case (Fedoseyev, M 4:30); French scientists' appeal on behalf of Sergei Kovalev, and press comment on the Podrabinek sentence (Mirsky, P 2:30); the US request to Western allies not to deliver IBM computers to TASS (Savemark, W 2); the 10th anniversaty of the Soviet Invasion of Czechoslovakia (NadiraShVili, M 3:30); -interviews with Mlynar, Sik, and Pelikan (A. Vardy, M 3); The Christian Science Monitor on how to prevent the USSR from gaining control,of Middle East oil (Orlov, NY 3:30); US shippng insurance companies criticize the policy of the Soviet , "Ingosstrakh" (Storozhenko, NY 2:30); Western nuclear physicists boycott the international conference in Riga (Matusevich, M 3); US success in thermonuclear research (Muslin, NY 3); the Karpov- Korchnoi chess duel (Pylayev, M 3);. and the Christina Onassis affair (Matusevich, M 2:30).

.1.1r/b1F- . * NEWS COVERAGE

All RPE Services and RI/NS carried these stories in their newscasts of 16 August 1978:

Hue Kuo-feng hss indirectly oriticized the Soviet.Union in a speech in Romania.

A Moscow psychiatrist has talked to Western reporters about people wrongly confined in mental institutions.

West Germany and Britain say firms: in their countries, have no planS to sell the 'USSR .a computer system in place of one 'banned by the U.S. Representatives of Polish and Czechoslovak human rights groups have held a meeting on the border.

'resident Carter has called on his economic advisers to come up wite proposals for stopping the deoline of the dollar. Scattered unrest is continuing in Iran.

Syria's Foreign Minister has sharply criticized Egyptian President Sadat's attempt to reach a peace agreement with Israel. In Portugal the Employers Federation has supported Premier-designate Nobre da Costa but the Communist-led trade unions have renewed their criticism of him.

*American evangthst Billy Graham is to visit six cities during his tour of Poland in October. : A Czechoslovak court has jailed for 13 years a man who nearly succeeded in hijacking an aikliner to the west.

"ln Iceland the communists have been asked to try to form a government.

A new president has taken over in the Dominican Republic.

,The man convicted of killing the Reverend Martin Luther King is testifying today before a committee of the U.S. Congress.

*) RL/NS did not use this item. .**) The Czechoslovalsevittd not use this item. 1.1111111Ar = Eirsommoll= IMMO IND in BS&

RADIO LIBERTY DAILY BROADCAST ANALYSTS NO. 229 (A summary of the news coverage by the Russian- language programming appears at the end of the DBA)

(An * next to a program indicates designated for translation)

Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. 229 for' Thursday, 17 August 1978 Felton/Romano

A. SOVIET TOPICS -- POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL:

1. Soviet-US. Relations. NEW YORK REPORT, No. 945-78 (L.Dudin-, NY 3:30), based on an article in_US News and World Report; noted the decision facing President Carter on how to counter the first-strike threat posed by the USSR's .new and more powerful and accurate nuclear missiles.' While the Pentagon feels . *this threat is serious (Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff General David Jones, for example, proposes mobile land-based missiles), administration cirlces-regard it as more theoretical than real, and feel that further defense allocatiOnS- COUld. jeopardize a new SALT agreement.

NEW YORK REPORT, No. 949-78 (StoroZhenko, NY 3) noted West European reaction to Carter's proposal to refrain from selling a computer to TASS in view of the recent sentences against dissidents. The FRG said it did not produce such computers anyway; the French Foreign Ministry announced that it did not intend to follow in the US's footsteps (it would be a different matter if they were intended for the USSR's military needs); and the British government remains -tihdeaded, although during a visit of a Soviet trade delegation; British Trade Minister Bell criticized the trials of dissidents.

.2. Dissidents and Human Rights. NOTE (Fedoseyev, M 3:30) highlighted disclosures to Western correspondents on the trial of Alexander Podrabinek made by his father, Pinkhos, who was allowed to attend the trial. Pinkhos Podrabinek described the trial as a "grandiose spectacle," and said that his son refused to participate in the proceedings after the judge rejected his numerous petitions to produce evidence and witnesses. "\ 2

NOTE (Fedoseyev, M 2130) highlighted a press conference held in Moscow on 16 August by friends and sympathizers of Alexander Podrabinek.in connection with his sentencing. At the press conference, psychiatrist Alexander Voloshanovich, from the*Moscow Oblast Psychiatric Hospital No. 20 in Dolgoprudny, said that as a consultant to Podrabinek's Working Commission for the Investigation of the Use of Psychiatry for Political Purposes, he examined 27 persons who had been forcibly confined in psychiatric hospitals, and found no symptoms of mental disorder in any of them. They had merely. either applied to emigrate or had fallen foul of the authorities.

NEW YORK REPORT, No. 948-78 (Muslin, NY .4:30) pointed to an appeal by leading US geneticists to their Western colleagues to boycott the International Geneticists' Congress to take place in Moscow 21-30 August. as a sign of protest against trials of Soviet dissidents and otkazniks; and an appeal by US physicists tb the organizers of the international conference on atomic physics in Riga to Call off the conference since many Western scientists were boycotting it (the . organizers replied that the conference would go ahead as planned).

NEW YORK REPORT, No. 941 (Zuckerman, NY 3) gave the substance of an aricle by Craig Whitney in The New York' times on a person he describes as typical of a new generation of Soviet human. rights activists, Professor Vladimir Zhukovsky, who has been trying to emigrate on account of suffering discrimination due to such reasons.as.not being a member of the party, and who is an admirer of Sakharov.

SAMIZDAT REVIEW; No.:333'(Schlippe, Lyubarsky, and Salova, M.28:30) continued to discuss .and quote from the 48th issue of the Chronicle of Current Events.

3. Brezhnev's Succession. NEW YORK REPORT, No. 942-78 . (Orlov, NY 3:30) gave the substance. of the 15 August article by Eric Bourne in The Christian Science Monitor which pointed to certain indications that Eastern European leaders are .devoting increasing thought to what will happen after Soviet ' President Brezhnev leaves the political scene.

4. Anecdotes. REVIEW OF THE RUSSIAN-LANGUAGE FOREIGN PRESS, No. 102 (Schajovicz, M 6) presented the abridged text of a' Possev (No. 7) article entitled "The Strength of Tradition and Anecdotes" by Evgeny Turovsky..- The article notes the existence, without giving any examples, of large.numbers of anecdotes about Russian leaders. from Lening down to the present day, and asserts that these jokes illustrate the real feelings Of the Soviet people toward their leaders, 3

5. Galich. FROM THE OTHER SHORE, No. 713 (Fedoseyeva, M 29) read an article by Lev Kopelev "In Memoray of Alexander Galich" published in Kontinent No. 16.

B. CROSS-REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF COMMUNIST AFFAIRS:

1. Hua Kuo-fenq's Visit to Romania. NOTE (Predtechevsky, M 4:30) quoted a Western diplomat in Bucharest that the very fact of the visit is more important 'than the actual talks.. The program pointed to Romania's neutral position in the Sino-Soviet conflict, and Hues refraining from open attacks against the. USSR,.although he did refer to "hegemonism." Ceausescu, '.for his part, spoke of national sovereignty and independence, and non-interference: in other countries' affairs,

PRESS REVIEW ,(Fedoseyeva and Pusta, M 8)..quoted comments on the visit in The Financial Times, The Daily Telegraph, The Guardian, The Washington. Post, The New York 'Times, Le Matin, and the Frankfurter Allqemeine Zeitunq.

2. Czechoslovakia. In connection with the 10th anniversary of the Soviet invasion FOR YOUR FREEDOM AND OURS, No. ill (Silr4tskAya, MY 15:30) summarized the third anniversary speech of British military expert. John Erickson in which he. gave 'facts and figures on the military forces involved, noted the USSR's high appraisal of the Czech contribution to the Warsaw Pact, and also spoke on the Warsaw Pact ' maneuvers prior to the invasion, and the Soviet concept of ' security'.

3. , East European Dissidents. The meeting on the Polish- Czechoslovak border earlier this month between representatives. of unofficial Polish and Czechoslovak human rights groups was discussed in NOTE (A. Vardy, M 5). -The program reported 'the. 'statement issued in Warsaw by the Polish Public Self-Defense Committee as a joint document with the Czechoslovak Charter-77 movement marking the 10th. anniversary of the 'Warsaw Pact invasion. of Czechoslovakia. At the same time, the program pointed to an example of incipient cooperation among Polish, Czechoslovak, and Hungarian dissidents to be found in the May issue of the POlish samizdat publication Zapis.

4. The PRC. NEW YORK REPORT (Shilaeff,'NY 5) highlighted the 15 August The Washington Post article by Marquis Childs describing his interview with China's Vice Premier.Teng Hsiao7.Ping.

5. The PCP. PARIS REPORT (Mirsky, P 6:30) gave the substance of,Jean.Elleinstein'S article in Paris --Match in :which he criticized the French CP's stand on many questions and de,- clared himself to be in tOtal disagreement with MarchaiS. The program also covered Marchais-quick response to Ellein- stein's criticisms. 6. Cuba. COMMUNISM AND GUERILLAS' IN LATIN AMERICA, No, 13 (Kushev, L 10:30) traced the history of the. Cuban CP, noting its zig-zag policy, and Cuba's increasing dependence -on the USSR.

C. INTERNATIONAL pOLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TOPICS:

1. The Middle East. WASHINGTON REPORT, No. 1300 .(Savemark, W 5) gave the substance of a The New York Times article by. Flora Lewis discussing the deep internal pOlitical. divisions in Israel over the issue of new settlements on the West Bank. The program noted that although this issue is temporarily muted, it is. nevertheless likely to flare up again if. peace negotiations advance. .

2. US-PRC Relations. NEW YORK REPORT, No. 950 (Shilaeff, NY 2) gave details on.a US-Chinese student exchange accord . which will become effective this coming school year. It was noted that, the accord was reached by Presidential scientific adviser Frank Press during his stay in China this', past July'.

Japanese-PRC Relations. NEW YORK REPORT-, No. 944-78 (Shilaeff, NY 5:30) gave the Substance of an article by the Tokyo correspondent of The Journal of Commerce to the effect that a_delegation .led by Japanese Foreign Trade and.Industry Minister KOmoto which will visit Peking in mid-September will offer the PRC.cheap long-term credits in order to enable the PRC to increase her imports of Japanese industrial equipment. The Japanese will also propose increased imports of Chinese oil and coal, and offer technical assistance, in particular, . in the construction of nuclear power stations.

4. A Nuclear Test Ban Treaty. NEW YORK REPORT, No. 943 (Bykovsky,.NY' 4:30) covered testimony' given to a. Special , panel of the House. Armed Services Committee which is examin- ing a proposed pact to ban all nuclear weapons testing. The program pointed out that the panel is trying to assess whether the possible national security risks.of a comprehensive test ban would be balanced by possible benefits of such a treaty to American national security, particularly through promotion .of US non-proliferation policies. The program presented pro and ton views on the above as" expressedin testimonies given by Fred Ikle, Donald Kerr,. Leslie Gelb, and Admiral Thomas

5. The US. WASHINGTON REPORT, No. 1302 (Savemark, W 5) was devbted to President Carter's 17 August press conference, , focusing on. his statements on his veto of the defense budget on account:of the inclusion offunds for a new nuclear- powered aircraft carrier; the upcoming Camp' Davidsummit; the falling dollar; the ban on the sale of a computer to TASS; and'the.US's desire to improve relations with the PRC, . A voice cut was included. z' 5

6. Britain. . LONDON REPORT (Gregory,,L 330) discussed the status of Britain's'armed.forces in the light of latest : Labour government decision to. increase them for the second time this year.,

7. Iceland. NOTE (Matusevich, .M 3:30) examined the latest government. crisis in Iceland'in the wake of the President's call .on the leader of the leftist-socialist coalition to form a new cabinet.

8. Uruguay. MAN AND HIS FREEDOM, No. 14 (R. Dudin, Ny 10) said that the OAS report on human rights Ns/iolations in Uruguay, made at the organization's meeting. in Washington in June and July, illustrates the primitive nature.of Soviet allegations that the West pays no attention to human rights violations in friendlY'countries. The program referred to the leftist terror by the Tupamaros, and the resultant terror from the right.

9. World Poverty. NEW YORK REPORT, No. 946-78 (Bykovsky, NY 4) drew attention to the World Banks report predicting that by the year 2000 the number of poor people in.the world will be down to 600 million.. However, .for this a substantial increase in foreign capital inflow into the developing. countries will be required.

D. CULTURAL, SOCIAL, AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES:

1. A Quarter of a Million Americans Are Millionaires, noted CONTRIBUTION TO THE RADIO JOURNAL "ABROAD", No. 69 (Storozhenko,' NY 10) on the basis of the latest US Internal Revenue statistics. The program noted that the US.is still the land of opportunity despite the economic decline, with rising inflation and higher taxes, and gave four illustrations of recent success stories and, their very modest beginnings.

PRESS REVIEW (Fedoseyeva and Pusta, M 8) was featured in B-1.

WORLD TODAY .(Nadirashvili, M 59130) featured programming on . the following topics: Hua Kuo-feng's visit to Romania (Perouansky, M 3); world press reaction to the visit (Fedoseyeva, M 2:30); an interview by Teng Hsiao-Ping to a US journalist (Shilaeff, NY 2);. Japan's offer of long-term credits to the PRC -(Shilaeff, NY 3); Alexander Porabinek's father's account of his son's trial. (Fedoseyev, M 2:30); Craig Whitney on new Soviet dissidents (Zuckerman, NY 2:30); .The Christian Science Monitor ,on who will succeed'Brezhney (Orlov, NY 3); a meeting between Polish and Czech dissidents (A. Vardy, M 3); the debate in the US on combatting improvements in the Soviet nuclear arsenal (L. Dudin, NY 2); the US House of Representatives' study on a total nuclear test ban (Bykovsky, NY 2:30); the World Bank predicts 600 million poor in world in the year 2000 (Bykevsky, NY 3:30); and The New York Times on political differences in Israel (Savemark, W 3).

vr/A .

NEWS COVERAGE

All RFE Services and RIWNS,carried these stories in their news casts of 17 August 1978: President Carter says he is aware of the political risk he took in convening next month's Middle East talks but feels he had no choice.

Chinese leader.Hua Kuo-4-feng has had more talks in Romania.

Gunmen holding hostages in the West German Consulate in Chicago want the release of a Croatian nationalist from a West German jail. There's been an abortive plot within Afghanistan's leftwin government to overthrow President Noor Mohammed Taraki.

A leading Italian Communist has renewed his party's condemnation of the invasion of Czechoslovakia.

Portugal's parliament has been recalled from summer recess While the premier-designate.continues to -try to form a government.

Three Americans have crossed the Atlantic in a:balloon.

Two American reporters in Moscow have been summoned to appear in court tomorrow morning.' The U.S. dollar is staging a recovery on the, world's money markets today.'

Vietnam ha b complained about the behavior of Chinese negotiators sent to Hanoi to discuss the question of ethnic Chinese in. Vietnam. iso.clistrotMO OM all OM

RADIO LIBERTY DAILY BROADCAST ANALYSIS NO. 230

(A summary of the news coverage by the Russian - language programming appears at the end of the DBA)

(An * next to a program indicates designated for translation)

Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. 230

for Friday, 18 August 1978 Felton/Romano

A. SOVIET TOPICS -- POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL:

1. Soviet -US Relations. NEW YORK REPORT No. 962-78 (Shilaeff, NY 4:30) noted the August 17 announcement by Moscow City Court 'Chairman Lev Almazov that proceedings against Piper and Whitney had been stopped on the basis of a letter from Gostelradio that the fact that the two US journalists had paid a fine was an in- direct admission of guilt; further, their case had received Abroad publicity. Almazov said he would inform the Soviet Foreign Ministry on the case. The program quoted statements by Whitney that he nevertheless regretted that the matter had gone so far, but it had at least shown that US newspapers could not be, dictated to on what to write about the USSR, and Piper,that he doubted whether the Foreign Ministry would take any drastic measures.

NEW YORK REPORT No. 955-78 (Dreyer, NY 4:30) was devoted to an investigation by the ps Federal Maritime Commission into the US bperations of the Soviet "Baltic Shipping Company" which revealed that the company had been grossly undercutting agreed -on freight rates for cargo between US and West European ports. In addition, it had been deceiving the US authorities in this matter. A reresentAtive of the company spoke of staff negligence.

2. Dissidents and Human Rights. DOCUMENTS OF OUR TIME No. 154 (Burshtein and Schlippe, M 29) continued to feature a RERUN of excerpts from Alexander Podrabinek's book Punitive Medicine.

JEWISH CULTURAL AND SOCIAL LIFE No. 279 (Gordin, M 4) featured an article from' the Israeli Russian -language newspaper Nasha Strana written by Soviet Jewish activist Ida Nuclei a week before her sentence of 'four years of internal exile for alleged'"malicious hooliganism." In the Nasha Strana article, Ida Nudel describes -2 -

'her involvement in the Kremlin Wall demonstration on 23 May 1978 and the events that led to her subsequent detention on charges of .so-called "malicious hooliganism."

THE SOUND. OF STRINGS No. 680 (Mitina, M 4:30) featured a recording by the late Alexander Galich of a "Ballad to Old Men and Women."

3. Society, In KUZNETSOV'S TALK No. 237 (Kuznetsov, I, 15) the author, a former Soviet writer, recalled how he managed to find some caviar in the Writers' House in Moscow which a writer friend needed to .give to a chief editor in order to get his book published. Kuznetsov spoke in this connection of the contrasts between the shortages of even items such as meat and milk in provincial Tula, and. the availability of consumer goods in Moscow, and between the situation of the Soviet man -in -the -street and that of those with access to privileges, such as -special stores, holiday grants, etc. Kuznetsov 'said he himself was averse to availing himself of such privileges.

A. Emigres. JEWISH CULTURAL AND SOCIAL .LIFE No. 279 (Gordin, M 9) featured an interview with former -Soviet chamber music singer Mikhail Alexandrovich who is now chief cantor of a major synagogue in Canada. Mr. Alexandrovich discussed cantorial music and his role within the Jewish community in Canada.

Absorption problems of former Soviet scientists in Israel were discussed by a recent Soviet emigre,economist Vadim Meniker, in JEWISH CULTURAL AND SOCIAL LIFE No. 279 .(Meniker, Isr 6).

The life and work in Israel of former Soviet cinematographers was' described by Alexander Pinsker in JEWISH CULTURAL AND SOCIAL. LIFE No. 279 (Pinsker, Isr 7).

B. CROSS -REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF COMMUNIST AFFAIRS:

1. Hua Kuo-feng's Visit to Romania. NOTE (Perouansky, M 4) observed that during the visit, the Romanian media are emphasizing that Romania has good relations with all socialist countries, and Is nettral in disputes between the latter. At the same time, the socialist states are called upon to strengthen their relations on the basis of equal rights. The program noted laconic Soviet media toverage of the visit, and sustained criticism of the PRC leadership.

PRESS kEVIEW (Fedoseyeva and Pusta, M 6:30) quoted comment on the visit in The Baltimore Sun, The Christian Science Monitor, The Washington Post, The Daily Telegraph, The Financial Times, The Times, and Le Monde. -3-

2. Czechoslovakia. On the 10th anniversary of the Soviet occupation of Czechoslovakia, NOTE (Fedoseyev, M 5) presented excerpts of three documents all dated 21 August 1968. The first one was the address to the Czechoslovak nation by the Presidium of the CPCS CC informing citizens of the Warsaw Pact march -in against the will of the Czechoslovak leadership. The second document was the TASS statement that the Czechoslovak nation had requested Soviet fraternal help. The third document was the statement released by the Prague City Committee of the CPCS calling on the world communist movement to protest the Soviet occupation of Czechoslovakia. All three documents were presented without comment. In this connection, the program continued to report on the Soviet "Helsinki" Group's message of solidarity with Czechoslovak dissidents on the eve of the anniversary.

NOTE (A. Vardy, M 6) gave the gist of the first two articles by Zdenek Mlynar in a series in Der Stern entitled "Six Days in August" in which he recalls how he and other Czech leaders were arrested and transported to Moscow for the signing of the "Moscow Agreement" following the Soviet invasion in August 1968. Mlynar spoke in particular of the apparent drugging of Dubcek.

NOTE (Matusevich, M 18:30) gave the abridged text of an article by Aftenposten correspondent Savik on his recent trip to Czechoslovakia to report on the situation in the country on the eve of the tenth anniversary of the Soviet invasion. Savik described the harassment to which he was subjected by the authorities, including constant tailing, and referred to Dubcek's present status as an ordinary office worker and the regime's attempt to present him as an example of its humane treatment of "anti -socialist elements." Savik also spoke of the regime's efforts to neutralize political protest by improving the standard of living.

411 PARIS REPORT (Mirsky, P 4) gave the substance of two articles in Frenth CP organ L'Humanite devoted to the 10th anniversary of f!te Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia. The first one dealt with veteran French CP member Raymond Guyot's statements that the invation had inflicted deep wounds on the international communist movement and that the situation could be alleviated if the C2echoslovak government were to declare a general amnesty for Victims of these events. The second segment discussed L'Humanite's first in a series of chronological accounts of events leading up to the intervention.

PRESS RtVIEW (Pusta, M 3) quoted comment on the tenth anniversary of the Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia in The New Statesman and L'Unita. .4

-4-

3. Poland. WASHINGTON REPORT No. 1303 (Savemark, W 5:30) highlighted a CIA 'report just published in Washington on the economic dilemma confronting the Polish leadership - on the one hand, popular dissatisfaction over the shortage of foodstuffs and consumer goods, on the other, a chronic balance of payments deficit.

NEW YORK REPORT No. 954-78 (Orlov, NY 2:30) briefly previewed US Evangelist Billy Graham's visit to Poland this October,and noted a preparatory visit in July by Graham's representatives in which they met with Polish church officials and the chairman .of the Polish government's Council on Religious Affairs, Kazimierz Kakol.

4. PRC-Japanese Relations. NEW YORK REPORT No. 952 (Shilaeff, NY 6) gave the substance of a New York Times article by Henry Scott -Stokes which examined the development and expansion of Sino-Japanese economic, trade and tourist relations.

5. Eurocommunism. FROM THE OTHER SHORE No. 714 (Fedoseyeva, M 28:30) featured the first installment of an article by Enzo Bettizza in the 16th issue of Kontinent entitled "Eurocommunism and Gramsci."

C. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TOPIES:

1. The USA. WASHINGTON SPECIAL REPORT No. 306 (Beloborodov, W 6:30) elaborated on President Carter's vetoing the draft defense budget approved by Congress on the grounds that it calls for the construction of a fifth nuclear -powered aircraft carrier at the expense of weapons and equipment for the US Army,, particularly units stationed in Europe. The program observed that Carter's decision was taken despite his personal respect and friendship for Admiral Rickover.

NEW YORK REPORT No. 953-78 (Konson, NY 3) focused on a meeting held lo'y President Carter on August 14 with his top economic advisors on 4 Cne fall of the dollar on the international money market. The program referred to the White House statement which noted the negative effect which the dollar's fall could have on fighting inflation and stimulating economic growth in the USA and abroad. The statement said that the possibility of drastic measures was discussed.

2. The USA, Zaire and Angola. NEW YORK REPORT No. 957-78 (Bykovsky, NY 3) noted that, as the result of the improvement of relations between Zaire and Angola, the USA has resumed aid to Zaire to the tune of 26 million dollars.

3. Rhodesia. LONDON REPORT (Gregory, L 2:30) focused on moderate blaCk Rhodesian leader Chirau's call for a round -table conference of all interested parties on the Rhodesian question. It was noted that Chirau usually expresses the view of Prime Minister Smith. The change in Smith's position is seen as a result of Anglo-American efforts. N.EWS COVERAGE

All RFE Services and RL/NS carried these stories in their newscasts of 18 August 1978:

Chinese Party chairmanHua Kuo-feng and Romanian President Ceausescu held three hours of unscheduled talks this morning.

Four West European communist parties have renewed their criticism of the 1968 Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia.

The Soviet legal proceedings against two American correspondents have been ended.

Two Croatian gunmen holding hostages in the West Gentian oonsulate in Chicago surrendered today after a telephone appeal from the man whose release they were demanding.

Switzerland says it has found no proof that a Soviet diplomat is 00.1 a KGB agent and will grant him a visa to take up a United Nations post.

*The U.S. central bank has taken a first step toward halting the decline in the value of the dollar.

Alexander Ginzburg's appeal has been rejected.

East Germany has warned a western TV correspondent not to make a film about the situation of its writers. 4*Po1and is to get extra supplies of Soviet gas.

17+*The Chinese Anister of Commerce has been replaced after only about five Months.

Japan says it will continue to explore ways to conclude a peace treaty with the USSR.

RL/NS did not use_thisjtem. . **) RUNS, Czechoslovak Serviceland.the Romanian Service did not Lite this item. ***) RL/NS did not use this item. -5-

4. Britain. LONDON REPORT (Gregory, L 4) pointed to official statistic!: just published in London on a significant increase in the standard of living of British workers in the past year, resulting in a spending spree by consumers. However, many experts predict 'further difficulties for the British economy. The program also pointed to the, increased popularity of the Labor government which could mean early elections.

5. The Election of a New Pope was previewed in NOTE (Henkin, M 5:30).

D. CULTURAL, SOCIAL, AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES:

1. The First Atlantic Crossing By Three US Balloonists was the subject of NOTE (Mirsky, P 5:30) which also described their "hero's welcome" in France.

2. Impressions of Spain. WRITERS AT THE MICROPHONE (Nekrasov and Gladilin, P 23:30) featured a Gladilin interview with Nekrasov on his impressions of _Spain gained during the latter's three week vacation there. Nekrasov concentrated his talk on the Spanish Civil War, recalling the powerful imprint this great historic event had left on him as a youth in the Soviet Union. Nekrasov gave various vignettes which made the memory of those days come to life, and in moving terms described his impressions of the grandiose momuments erected for the victims of the civil mar.

PRESS REVIEW (Fedoseyeva and Pusta, M 9:30) was featured in B-1 (Fedoseyeva and Pusta, M 6:30) and B-2 (Pusta, .M 3).

WORLD TODAY (Nadirashvili, M 59) featured programming on the following topics: Hua Kuo-Feng's visit to Romania (Perouansky, M 2:30); reaction to the visit in The Baltimore Sun and The Christian Science Mbhitor (Fedoseyeva, M 2:30); PRC-Japanese relations (Shilaeff, NY 1:30); an article on the subject by Zdenek Mlynar in Der Stern (A. Vardy, M 5); L'Humanite on the invasion (Mirsky, M 4); the US government's concern over the fall of the dollar (Konson, NY 2:30); a CIA report on Poland's economic problems (Savemark, W 5); the Soviet Baltic Shipping Company's undercutting freight rates (Dreyer, M 2:30); Cuba's. role in Comecon (Gregory, L. 1:30); and US economic aid to Zaire (Bykovsky, NY 2:30).

!eaq/DF Dr.t.D1 UN -

RADIO LIBERTY DAILY BROADCAST ANALYSIS NO. 231 (A summary of the news coverage by the Russian- language programming appears at the end of the DBA)

(An * next to a program indicates designated for translation)

Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. 231 for Saturday, 19 August 1978 Romano/Felton

A. SOVIET TOPICS -- POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL:

1. Dissent and Human Rights. SPECIAL FEAUTRE (Henkina and Zinoviev, M 29) presented an AL exclusive interview with Alexander Zinoviev, philosopher and former professor of logic at Moscow University. Professor Zinoviev left the pssR in August after he was granted permission to take up a post at Munich University. Professor Zinoviev focused a great deal of:his-discussion on describing 'the creative birth" of his boOk Yawning Heights (a satirical allegory on the Soviet Union set in an imaginary country). Zinoviev also positively assessed the impact of dissent on Soviet politics and drew attention to important events in Soviet culture.

WEEKLY RADIO JOURNAL ON THE SOVIET UNION, No. 228 (Belotser-

kovsky, M 5:30) featured an item on the trial of Alexander Podrabinek. The program said that despite the authorities' intention to intimidate dissidents, Podrabinek's father, Pinkhos, :told Western correspondents of how his son had refused.furtherparticipation in the proceedings out of protest' against the court's refusal tO hear defense witnesses. Tinkhos also .spoke of the courageous testimony of doctor: Vladinir Moskalkov, who confirmed that, a patient at his hospital was killed when trying -to es -:ape. The program also referred to the press conference statements by doctor Alexander Voloshanovich, who said that as a consultant. to Podrabinek's commission he examined 27 former patients in special psychiatric hospitals and found none of them insane; he compared Soviet doctors who connived at the abuse of psychiatry to Nazi doctors. The program opined that, such abuses testified.to the authoriti3s'- impotence in the face of. the growing courage of dissidents. WEEKLY RADIO JOURNAL ON THE 'SOVIET UNION, No. 228 (Vishnevskaya and Belotserkovsky, M 5) pointed to unconfirmed information that on 3 August mathematician. Alexander Bolonkin was sentenced in Chita to.3 years imprisonment for allegedly deriving . illegal income during. non7working.hours. The program quoted from letters by Bolonkin to podgorny, on KGB attempts to. frame him, and to Rudenko, on being beaten up in an isolation cell and threatened with rape by a fellow prisoner, acting on instructions, if he .did not confess his guilt.

2, The Air.Force. WEEKLY RADIO JOURNAL ON THE SOVIET UNION, No. 228 (Kruzhin and Belotserkovsky, M 4:30) featured an item pegged to an article by APN commentator Stepan Fedoseyev on the occasion of Soviet Air Force Day, pointed to present Lrepar.ArionS by the Soviet airforce for nuclear missile warfare, and an intensive program of modernizing the aircraft fleet.

3. 'CULTURE AND POLITICS (Golomshtok; L'9) traced the origins and roots of Soviet socialist' realiSm in the arts basci on three recently published books on this subject by Western - / scholars. '

"Marriage - Soviet Style" was the title of CULTURE AND POLT:T1CS (Gladilin, P 8) which satirized the marriage of Christina . Onassis to Sergei Kauzov.

CULTURE AND POLITICS (Igoshina, P7) featured a revieu of Arthur Koestler's political novel Darkness at Noon wriLten 40 years ago and only recently translated and published in Russian.

B. CROSS-REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF COMMUNIST AFFAIRS.

a. TEN YEARS SINCE THE OCCUPATION, No. 10 (Levin, M 29) re- created, in an hour-by-hour chronology the events of Tuesday, 20 August 1968 around 11 p.m. when military units of the laarpOt Pact armies' entered Czechoslovakia and 21 August.whei,. Soviet tanks'occupied Prague., The program described the in- Vasion ,and cited documentary quotes on the reaction by the Czechoslovak leadership and nation,. In addition, the program cited reminiscences of Josef:Smrkovsky of events on 20-24 August 1968, concluding with the arrest and forcible transport to Moscow of Dubcek and 'other.liberals.and their subsequent 'confrontation with Brezhnev and Kosygin -3-

2. Hua Kuo-fences State Visit to ROmania and his scheduled. visit to Yugoslavia' was the topic of ROUND TABLE .TALK (Perouansky, Shilaeff, and MatuseVich, M 20:30). RL staffers examined the significance of Hua's visits to two. Eastern . European countries and pointed out that this heralded the beginning of a new era of personalized Chinese diplomacy, . following more than a decade of isolationism. The partidipants also assessed the exacerbated Sino-Soviet relations'in the wake of the recent signing' of -Hie Sino-Japanese Peace and Friendship. Treaty and Hua's visits to Eastern Europe -- two acts which the USSR feels, are directed against her.-

China and Eastern Europe was the -topic of WORLD THIS WEEK (Shilaeff, NY 4), which discussed the activization of China's foreign policy. The program examined the significance of Tina's visits in Eastern Europe within the framework of China's ideological differences with the USSR and Albania.

3. Eurocommunism. FROM THE OTHER SHORE, No. 715 (Be(tiza and Fedoseyeva, M 29) continued to read the second installment from an article in Kontinent No. 16 by Italian journalist Enzo Bettiza who traces the origin of "Eurocommunism" to Antonio Gramsci the founder of the Italian communist movement.

C. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TOPICS:

'1. Some Key Political Events in the US were summarized in WORLD THIS WEEK (Savemark, W 6). These included: Carter's 17 August press conference; Carter's visit to CIA headquarters 'in Langley; 'the special congressional commission hearings on Martin Luther King's assassination and the US State Department statement welcoming the Soviet court decision to drop the . Whitney-Piper case.

2. Great Britain. WORLD THIS WEEK (Gregory,' L 3) discussed the political problems facing the British ruling labor party with regards to calling either early elections in the Fall of this year or next Spring. The program also covered reaction in Britain to Ian Smith's statement that he is ready to sit down with all interested parties in the Rhodesian conflict, including the "Patriotic Front" leaders.

3. France. WORLD THIS,WEEK (Mirsky, P 4) discussed the historic Atlantic crossing by three American Balloonists and their "heroes' welcome" in. France as well as the latest dispute between Jean Elleinstein and George Marchais over a Paris-Match ,article in which Elleinstein accused the French CP for its slow destalinization process...

D. CULTURAL, SOCIAL, AND SCIENTIFEC TOPICS OF NON-CCllION1ST COUNTRIES:

1. Women in benmark Pegged to ariarticle published in Komsomolskaya Pravda by Danish.CPilember who asserted that women in Denmark are deprived of the constitutionally guaranteed equal rights enjoyed by Soviet women, MODERN WOMAN, No. 65 (Gordin and Matusevich, M 14) interviewed' RL staffer Vladimir Matusevich who has lived in Denmark for many years and is familiar with the existent situation. Mr. Matusevich took critical issue with the misleading and erroneous assertions of the Danish pro-Moscow CP member and discussed the very liberal situation of women in Denmark in particular and Scandinavia in general.

.2. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY -TODAY, .No. 153 (Muslin, NY 14) featured the' second part of a discussion' on Cosmic Technology on Earth which dealt with:techhiCal innovations developed by NASA's medical research laboratores. These inclUded: a "golden dome" 'used in the prevention of child fataliLi,2s due to .respiratory illnesses; special "radiational heaters which regulate. temperatures of badly burned bodies; telemeter and computer systems which can .monitor more effectively he functions of patients; as well as physical fitness apparatus "exergeny". used by the "Apollo-7" crew and now widely, dis- tributed in. 'schools and sports centers.

yr/JSLs. NEWS COVERAGE

All RYE Services and ROTS 'carried these stories in their newscasts of 19 August 1978:

Chinese Party chairman Hua is on Romania's Black Sea coast after ending his official talks in Bucharest.

Israeli Foreign Minister Dayan says next month's Mideast summit will deal with specific issues.

The Presidents of Zaire and Angola .have met to seal the reconciliation between their countries. The British Communist Party says Soviet troops should 'leave Czechoslovakia.

Eight British Army bases in West Germany have been hit by bomb explosions during the night.

One of the black Rhodesian guerrilla leaders has met with Nigeria's top man to discuss Western proposals for a conference of all parties involved in the Rhodesian conflict.

Government-organized rallies were held in major Irani towns today following more than a week of renewed civil unrest. .Reports from Portugal say a new government is beginning to take shape. Premier-designate Nobre da Costa said today he was optimistic he would be successful in putting together a cabinet. *There have been a number of earthquakes in the Pacific Ocean during the past24 hours and therewas also one .centered in eastern Albania.

*Heavy rains have hit Poland, again,halting harvest work. *) RL/NS did not use these items. 11111,1111111111 ass a. Ft&

RADIO LIBERTY DAILY BROADCAST ANALYSIS NO. 232 ON summary of the news coverage by the Russian- language programming appears at the end of the DBA)

(An * next to a program indicates designated for translation)

Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. 232 for Sunday, 20 August 1978 Romano/Einfrank

A. SOVIET TOPICS -- POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL; AND CULTURAL:

1. Dissidents and Human Rights. Mihajlov on political trials of Soviet dissidents was the subject of SPECIAL FEATURE, No.5955 (Rudoph, NY. 8:30). The program -presented an interview with Yugoslav dissident writer Mihajlo.Mihajlov, who expressed the view that the recent political trials against partic4iants of the Soviet Helsinki watch groups were a direct challenge to Carter's human rights policy and were aimed to discredit and compromise the Western democracies most effective ideological weapon of huMan rights:. Mihajlov observed that the trials were conducted demonstratively in the wake of the Belgrade CSCE.Reviw Con- . .ference and that the only effectiveyestern reaction would have been to withdraw adherence to the. Helsinki Final Act until such time as the human rights provisions are.observed and. honored by the USSR.

DOCUMENTS OF OUR TIME, No 155 (Burstein-and Schlippe, M 27) was devoted to Alexander Podrabinek who was recently tried and sentenced to.5 years internal exile for publishing his book Punitive Medicine. The book exposed the Soviet Onion's abuse of psychiatry for political purposes. The program - featured a RERUN of excerpts from the 9 September 1977 readings from Podrabinek's Punitive Medicine.

PANORAMA (Gregory, L 7) featured excerpts from The Guardian published diary of British lawyer Bryan Robell, who travell..:(1 to the USSR in an attempt to get Soviet authorities permission to assist in the defense of Alexander Podrabinek. - 2 -

2: NATIONALITIES PROBLEM IN THE WORLD TODAY, No. 36 (Silnitsky, NY 5:30) contrasted the new Constitution of the Belorussian SSR with that of the RSFSR Constitution. The program observed that certain provisions of the BSSR Con- ' stitution point to differences in. interpretation between. the Belorussian nation's place in the "historic community of peoples of.the Soviet nation" and .the place designated -for the Russian and other nations inhabiting the.RSFSR..

3. Agriculture. MAN ON THE EARTH, .No. 199 (PopOvsky, NY 3:30) discussed the August session of the All-Union Academy of Agricultural Sciences (VASKHNIL) which took place 30 years ago. The program focused on VASKHNIL President Lysenko's speech which resulted in the purge of 3000 Soviet biologists and geneticist who did not subscribe to Lysenko's theories. It was Pointed out that this purge W_Oi a great bLow to Soviet biological science and retarded the development of Soviet agriculture by some 10-15 years.

MAN ON THE: EARTH, No. 199. (Popovsky,.NY 5:30) refuted Soviet media charges that the US is exploiting the Third World by discussing the text of US .Law No. 480 - Food for Peace which has been in effect since 1954. The program noted that Law No. 480 is. the instrument through which the US has helped millions of people in the Third World hit by famine, drought, bad harvests, and other natural disasters. It was pointed out further.that.this-Law enables Third World countries to purchase food from theUS at low interest rates and other favorable conditions.

MAN ON THE EARTH, No 199 (Popovsky, NY 2) discussed harvesting preparations in the industrial city of Dnepropetrovsk, based on an account in the Ukrainian newspaper RabochayA. Gazeta. The author noted that. Dnepropetrovsk is "closed" to Western correspondents and very little information about the city filters through to the press.

4: History. FIFTY YEARS AGO, No. 201 (R. Dudin, NY 3:30) discussed the diplomatic isolation Of the Soviet Union and the controversy surrounding its joining the Kellog-Briand Pact of 27 August 1928 which condemned war and caLled for the peaceful resolution of conflicts.

5. THE SOUND OF STRINGS,,No. 689 (Mitina, M 4) featured a recording by Vladimir Vysotsky entitled ,A Hymn to a Coalminer.

B. CROSS-REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF COMMUNIST AFFAIRS:.

.1. Czechoslovakia: Ten Years After the Soviet-led Invasion was the: topic of ROUND TABLE TALK (Matusevich, Schulz; Henkin; .and Levin, M 29): The participants discussed the inValiion 3

and the tragic, end of the eight-month-long "Prague Spring," an unprecedented period of cultural and political freedom:. The RL staffers and Czechoslovak BD colleague assessed the 10 years of:Gustav Husak's rule which plunged the country . 'back into deadening orthodoxy and touched on the purges which resulted in the exodus of some 150,000 Czechoslovaks to the West. A great deal.of the discussion.centered around the. .continued government repression of the Charter 77 group.

In connection with the 10th anniversary of the Soviet-let invasion of Czechoslovakia PANORAMA (Fitterman, NY 6) gave. the substance of a Newsweek article devoted to this occasion, which aside from discussing the invasion itself gave an account of the continued political repression in Czechoslovakia.

The Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia was a subject ot EAST EUROPEAN JOURNAL (S. Vardy, M 6). Quoted were interviews given to West German publications by emigrants who were prominent in the "Prague Spring" reform movement Jiri ,Pelikan, Ota Sik, and Mlynar.

2. China. Chinese Party Chairman Hua Kuo-feng's visit to Romania was discussed in EAST EUROPEAN JOURNAL, No. 71 (. Vardy, M 5). Western observers,were quoted as noting that the visit came on the tenth anniversary of the invasion of Czechoslovakia. Also quoted was an article. in The Washington Post which suggested that Peking was trying to .create a united front against "hegemonism" which the prograii! noted means the Soviet Union.

CHINA AFTER MAO, No. 28 (Shilaeff, NY 9) featured the third part of an analysis why the Peking leadership recently made public a secret speech Mao Tse-Tung delivered to the Chinese. partyleadership in 1962. In this program, the author examined the parts of the speech in. which Mao urged the development of democracy within the party and the country and the part of the speech in which the Chairman called On China to emulate the Soviet example. The program examined. the extent to which Maa's policy drifted away from these principles in the last decades of his rule .and pondered over the publication of these statements in China at this particular time.

3, Poland: EAST EUROPEAN TESTIMONY, No. 71 (Vardy, i 10) quoted from an article by Polish human 'rights activist Antoni Macierewidz in Glos, .the journal oE the Polish Self-Defense Committee. The author'called for continued efforts to :-!s- tablish human rights in Poland and noted that Soviet hcilitary power stood behind the Polish government: According 'to the writer, there is an economic crisis in. Poland and also a crisis in relations between* the people and the comthuni:it party. He .said the people were not able to force the Iaader- ship to make basic changes in the social -political strilcture while the leadership was not able to eliminate the democratic opposition. 4

EAST EUROPEAN JOURNAL, No. 71 (Vardy, M 4) discussed the meeting Outside Warsaw' by members of various Polish human rights organizations .at which these, unofficial groups pledged cooperation and further efforts in the struggle for human rights in Poland.

PANORAMA (Mirsky, P 5) discussed the..recentftour and performance in Paris by Galina Mikolaiska, prominent Polish Actress and founding member of the Polish. Committeefor Social Self-Defense, .The program based itself on the Quinzaine Literaire article which discussed Mikolaiska's career as an actress and her activities in defense of human rights in Poland.

4. The GDR. The 17th anniversary of the building of the Berlin wall was noted in EAST EUROPEAN JOURNAL, No. 71 (Vardy, M 2).

Repression of dissidents in East Germany and Czechoslovakia was discussed in EAST EUROPEAN JOURNAL, No. 71 (7arny, M 5). Statements by East German professor Robert Havemann md Czechoslovak emigrant writer Ota Filip were quoted.

5. Eurocommunism. .FROM THE OTHER. SHORE, Igo: 716 (Bettiza and Fedoseyeva, M 28) concluded its reading. of an article published in Kontinent No. 16, "Eurocommunism and Gramsci," The article written by Italian journalist Enzo Bettiza traced the.origins of Eurocommunism to Antonio Gramsci, the founder Of the Italian communist movement.

C. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TOPICS:

1. Camp David Summit Prospects was the topic of PANORAMA (Savemark, W 5) based on Henry Truett's article in The Baltimore Sun. The program analyzed the posture of each of the three participants and concluded that none of them can afford to have a political failure.

D. CULTURAL, SOCIAL, AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-- CONFIGNI ST COUNTRIES:

1. Religion. The transfiguration of Christ was celebrated in SUNDAY TALK, No. 1113 (Shmeman, NY 9:30).

2. Chess and Computers was discussed in FUTURE OF THE PLANET EARTH, No. 275 (Patrushev, NY 8). The program gave background on latest IBM chess computers which defeated their human rivals in routine chess tournaments. The program pondered the question will chess survive the computer revolution? In addition, the program explored the interrelationship of man and machine. v r/SL NEWS COVERAGE . in their news- All RFE Services and RL/NS carried these stories casts of 20 August 1978: Ceausescu had Chinese Party Chairman Hua and Romanian President another unscheduled talk in Bucharest today.

Belgrade is preparing to welcome Hua Monday morning. last night when Three hundred and seventy-seven people were killed oil port of fire raced through a crowded cinema in the Iranian Abadan. today; two people Gunmen attacked an Israeli airline bus in London el were killed. marking were demonstrations in Vienna and Brussels tonight , There Monday's 10th 'anniversary of the invasion of Czechoslovakia. involving There's.been another Sino-Vietnamese border incident Chinese refugees. partial Israeli Premier Begin says he has a new idea for a Middle East peace agreement. to re-establish Lebanese Premier Hoe's says U.S. support of efforts been dis- Lebanese Army control along the Israeli border has appointing. appear . Anglo-U.S. efforts to arrange an all-Rhodesia conference to be still blocked by security .cpncerns. new friendship. Angola and Zaire are seeking ways to cement their another Eritrean separatist guerrillas claim to have repulsed Ethiopian assault. in roughly an Challenger Viktor Korchnoi today resigned two games champion hour in the world chess championship -.giving Soviet Anatoly Karpov a lead of three-to-one. A

tempr no wors.areiumrarra Min

RADIO LIBERTY DAILY BROADCAST ANALYSIS NO. 233

(A summary of the news coverage, by the Russian7 language programming appears at the end of. the DBA)

(An * next to a program indicates designated for translation)

Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. ,233

for Monday, 21 August 1.978 Felton/Romano/Einfrank

A. SOVIET TOPICS -- POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL:

1. Dissidents and Human Rights. RADIO SEMINAR No. 465 '(Shragin, NY 14) continued to read from Yuri Orlov's essay "Is It Possible to Have Socialism of a Non -Totalitarian Type?" Orlov expanded on his thesis that centralization of the economy leads to a totalitarian Suppression of freedom. He said that faced with this totalitarian centralizaton,Soviet workers often choose not to cooperate, the result being poor ..work performance, alcoholism, and absenteeism.

_ Btlat Okudzhava sang a Song of an American Soldier in SOUND OF STRINGS No. 726-A (Mitina, .M 2).

2. Military Affairs. SCIENCE.AND TECHNOLOGY TODAY No. 154 (Muslin,' NY 15:30) discussed SON/jet experiments in the field of bacteriological weapons. Articles in Science and The Bostpn Globe were cited. Also featured was an interview on the subject with Mark Popovsky, a. former Soviet journalist, who specialized in science reporting in the USSR' before his emigra- tibn Eo the U.S.

.3. lineprovsky. NOTE (Roitman, M 5) .reported on the case of oviet diplomat Geli Dneprovskyp who has n allowed to assume .a high-ranking United Nations position in Geneva in spite of Ichar4es that he' is a KGB agent.

4.. Agriculture. ,NOTE (Matusevich, M 4:30) was pegged to an article in the newspaper Sovetskaya Kultura about the need for ideological efforts to help -bring in the harvest. The :yrogram noted that such ideological efforts were not needed to bring in the crop in the U.S. 5. Genetics. NOTE (Roitman, M 2:30) observed that the 14th International Genetics Congress which has begun in Moscow includes on its agenda a special plenary session in memory of Academician Nikolai Vavilov. The program recalled the Stalinist repression against Vavilov and other Soviet geneticists, and noted that forty years ago, at the beginning of the Lysenko era, an international genetics congress in Moscow failed to take place when the organizers and other prominent geneticists were arrested. The program observed that' the present congress too is not free of politics in that many foreign delegates have refused to attend in protest against the current wave of political trials in the USSR.

6. Valery and Galina Panov's Debut in New York. CULTURE NEWS (Orlov, NY 1:30) pOinted out that the Soviet emigre dancers, although they have toured widely since leaving the Soviet Union, had only recently danced for the first time in New York.

B. CROSS -REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF COMMUNIST AFFAIRS:

1. Czechoslovakia. SPECIAL FEATURE (Fedoseeva, M 24) contained readings from official documents concerning the invasion of Czechoslovakia, including the TASS report of the alleged invitation by Czechoslovak party and government officials to render "assistance" to Czechoslovakia as well as Czechoslovak official protests about the invasion. The documents were ttiken from Natalya Gorba'nevskaya's book Red Square at Noon.

NOTE (Henkin, M 7) prese'nted.personal recollections by the author, then working on the editorial board of Problems of Peace.and Socialism in Prague, of the Soviet invasion in August 1968. Henkin recalled asking Soviet soldiers why they had come, and noted the false,pietences'under which the invasion troops were sent. The crash of a helicopter carrying APN correspondent NepoMhyashchy followiri..;,a collision with a factory chimney was ,attributed by the Soviet media .to,Fascist killers. Henkin quoted from a. book by former French communist Pierre Daix on en attempt to pretend that a-Soviet soldier had been killed by "ctunter,revolutionaries." He.;also devoitibed how a Soviet 'tank tommander who refused to: drive through a chain of Prague Wtrkers was shot a superior. offiter. , ;46'n(A..vardy,M,8:30)..reportecan article in the West '0OrMan weekly Der Stern by former Czedhoslovak'Central Committee Adenek.Mlynar On' how fol.lowing_the August 1968 invasion the Oiloviets forced the Czech leadership to agree4to the Moscow protocol which in effect:ratified the presence .of Soviet troops .in the tountry..'

The 10th anniversary of the Sov e -led invasion of Czechoslovakia was the topic of NOTE (Fedoseyev, M 7). The program featured a wrapup of anniversary reaction covering the chorus of condemnation and criticism in many Western cities against the invasion -3-

and continued political repression in Czechoslovakia. Most of all, the program focused on and cited the condemnation of the situation as expressed by the Italian, French, Spanish, and British CP's.

Reaction in France on the 10th anniversary of the Soviet -led invasion of Czechoslovakia was the topic of PARIS REPORT (Mirsky, P 7). The program covered the demonstration by the "January 5 Committee" in front .of the Czechoelovak Embassy in Paris as well as statements made on the occasion by Sakharov in Le Monde;. Gorbanevskaya in L'Aurore; the French Confederation of Trade Unions; Zdenek Mlynar in Le Monde; and Josepha Slansky (widow of Rudolf Slansky), in an interview on French television.

LONDON REPORT (Gregory, L 8:30) described a mass meeting held on August 20 on London's Trafalgar Square on the tenth anniversary of the Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia. The program referred to speeches by Vaclav Sikl, who said the Soviet leaders could never be 'trusted; Sir Keith Joseph, who claimed that any attempt to build "socialism with a human face" was doomed to failure; Ludek Pachman, who described the invasion as a defeat for Soviet and international communism; and Vladimir Bukovsky, who called for the 1980 Olympics to be taken away from Moscow.

PRESS REVIEW (Bensi, M 7) quoted comment on the tenth anniversary of the Soviet inasion of Czechoslovakia in The International Herald Tribune, Corriere della Sera, the Italian Catholic newspaper Avvenire, Il Popolo, L'Unita, the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, L'Humanite, and the Neue Zuericher Zeitung.

2. Atia Kuo-Feng's Visit to Romania. NOTE (Perouansky, M 5) reviewed the results Of the visit, such as the signing of agreetents on economic and technical cooperation, the opening of a sea route between tne two countries, and' exchanges of scientists and students, and quoted from the final communique on the. development of mutual friendly relations. It was noted .that the Chinese C2legation showed restraint during.the visit, 'and neither the Chinese nor the Romanian media included refel-ences to "hegemonism" in their reports. 'Nevertheless, the soviet 'media reacted angrily to the visit, TASS complaining that the final communique failed to reflect, for example, Pekirig.'s policy of threats towards Vietnam. The program also Inoted the significance' of the faCt that the first European ceuntry to be visited by Hua was a member of the Warsaw Pact .whIch refused to 'cake part in the invasion of Czechoslovakia exactly ten years previously.

3. Hua.Kuo-Feng's Visit to Yugoslavia was the subject of NOTE (Bensi, M 5) which stressed that geo-political realities as well as ideological differences militated against a close alliande between Yugoslavia'and China, and that this also was .the case in Peking's relations with Romania. Nevertheless, the program said that better ties between Peking and the two Balkan states had great' significance, 4. Poland. Slavomir Mrozekie Emigrants, as performed in Jerusalem, was the subject of THEATER AND PLAYS (Meneker, Isr 7:30). The program described the relationship in the play between., two emigrants from a totalitarian. country, one an intellectual and_the other a worker. 'At the beginning of the play the intellectual, whose, pursuit has been,human freedom, feels superior to theworker.who has only. been in pursuit of work. In the 'course of the play the intellectual comes to recognize the limits of. his own dondescending.attitude toward the worker and the worker 'comes to understand that his own pursuits- too are suitable. grounds for self respect. .

Poland. EAST EUROPEAN TESTIMONY No. 111 (Gorbanevekaya; P 13) read and discussed poetry in the 5th issue of the Polish samizdat journal Zapis, which'also inclUded.warks by the program author .in translationlaY Viktor Vorophileky.

A performance of Macej Kamenski's opera Happy Poverty by the Warsaw Chamber Opera in Newport, Rhone Island was noted in CULTURAL CHRONICLES (Orlov, NY.1:30).

5. Cuban Foreign Policy... COMMUNISM AND GUERILLAS IN LATIN AMERICA No. 14 (Kushev, L ll)' discussed Cuba's role in Africa, noting that Havana is no longer concentrating on spreading revolUtion'in Latin America but instead has focused its efforts on Africa.

C. fNTERNATIONAL POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TOPICS:

1: The Middle East. NEW YORK REPORT No. 965-78 (Zuckerman, ' NY -3:30) discussed the planned Camp David summit in the context of statements made to the prftss.by Egyptian President Sadat and Israbli premier Begin concerning their countries' peace proposals.,

pONDOg REPORT (G:egory, L 3) covered the Palestinian terrorist attack on an El -Al bus in London.

Itan. NOTE (Perouansky, 'm 4:30) gave.e political back- grgund of the terroriet attack on a film theater in Abadan in rAiLch over 370 people were killed. .The program suggested that the attack could result in a slowdown of the Shah's liberalize - program.

.2. Freedom of the Press, WASHINGTON REPORT (Savemark, W 4:30) :quoted from .an article by Leonard H. Marks on the threat to 'freedom of the press in communist.and,third World countries. In the article, which was published in The Washington Post, the former USIA dirt:ctor referred to harassment of U.S. journalists in the.USSR and the attempt in UNESCO to pass a resolution which would in effect muzzle fo-reign correspondents Mi. Marks currently. is. an official of The World Press Freedom Committee. es D. CULTURAL SOCIAL, AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES:

1. A Ben Johnson Play in London, "Bertholomew Fair" was described in THEATER AND PLAYS (Zinik, L 12). The description emphasized the innovative presentation at the Round House in which the public, rather than being led into a theater, is led into a medieval market where all the smells, food, animals, etc., are real. Eventually the players leave the market to perform the play, the sense of which is that each has his role to play on the stager in the marketplace, in life. The approach of this play, in which the action moves from the theater to the stage, was contrasted with the modernist approach in which the public is threatened from the stage to have happen to them that which is happen- ing on the stage. As an example of the threatening modernist approach the program noted the Lyubimov- production of John Reed's Ten Days that Shook the World in which the threat from the stage is symbolized -by Red Army soldiers and Chekists who take the audience's tickets.

2. New York Theater and Opera News were included in CULTURAL CHRONICLE (Kafanova, NY 3).

PRESS REVIEW (Bensi, M 7) was featured in B-1.

WORLD TODAY (Nadirashvili, M 59:30) featured programming on the following topics: press comment on the tenth anniversary of the Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia (Bensi, M 4)*; Zdenek Mlynar's recollections of the invasion (A. Vardy, M 4); Hua Kuo-Feng's visit to Yugoslavia (Bensi, M 3:30); Hua's visit to Romania (Perouansky, M 2:30); the work.of Soviet agitfttion and propagabea groups on the collective farms (MatUsevich, M 4:30); the shortage of labor in the USSR (Muslin, NY 2t30); the Palestinian attack against an El Al Bus in London (Gregory, L 2:301.; the terrorist attack against a cinema in Iran (Perouansky, M 3); the threat to freedom of the press in cotmunist.and third world countries (Savemark, W 2); Switzerland's granting an entry visa to Scof;et UN diplomat OneprJvsky (Roitman, M 4); and a US Congress delegation's Itifit to Hanoi (Shilaeff, NY 2).;

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NEWS COVERAGE

All RFE Services and RL/NS carried these stories in their newscasts of 21 August 1978:

The 10th anniversary of the Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia has been marked in Eastern and Western Europe and the U.S.

Hua Kuo-feng, who is now in Yugoslavia, has indirectly accused the Soviet Union of trying to subvert the non-aligned movement. People's Daily has hailed the success of the Romanian part of his trip.

Israeli aircraft have raided a Palestinian camp in Lebanon in response to yesterday's attack on El Al staff in London. Mathematicians attending a conference in Helsinki have urged the USSR to allow some leading Jewish mathematicians to emigrate.

Angola and Zaire are to set up a joihi commission to control raids by rebel groups across the border. ' A U.S. congressional mission arrived in Hanoi today for a six- day visit to Vietnam and Laos.

Ten People are being questioned for -suspected involvement in ,that weekend cinema fire inwestern Iran,

The U.S. dollar gained strength oh the European and Japanese Money Markets today.

' t.

r. NM 10 1M Mak M '1228Z sgs Mar OMMMOMITIM, I L

RADIO LIBERTY DAILY BROADCAST ANALYSIS NO. 234 (A summary of the news coverage by the. Russian- ' language programming appears at the end of the DBA)

.(An * next to a program indicated designated for translation)

Russian Daily Broadcast No. 234 for Tuesday, 22 August 1978 Felton/Einfrank/Romano'

A. SOVIET TOPICS -- POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL:

1. Soviet-US Relations. NEW YORK REPORT, No. 964-78 (Shilaeff, NY 5) dealt with a TV appearance (NBC) by US Secretary of Defense Harold Brawn in which he said that the question of.. US missile development would depend on the outcome of the SALT talks.

2. Dissidents and Human Rights. In connection with the trial and sentencing of Almonder Podrabinek to five years ihternal exile for his book Punitive Medicine, which exposed Soviet abuse of psychiatry for political purposes, DOCUMENTS OF OUR TIME, No. 156 (Burstein and Schlippe, M 28) continued to feature a RERUN of readings from Punitive Medicine broadcast on 13 September 1977. 2. Soviet-Norwegian Relations. NOTE (Matusevich, M 4) zYckgrouhded the latest developments in Norwegian-Soviet relation8, noting Norlelgian protests over Soviet incursions in Norwegian waters and the bilateral discussions concerning a fishin!,4 agreement.

5. The tationality Question. NOTE (Roitman, M 7:30) was pegged to the latest appeal by Crimean Tatars for permission to return to the Crimea, from which they were deported by the stelin regime in 1944. The program pointed out that althooh the Crimean Tatars were rehabilitated in the post- Stalid era, Soviet internal passport and residence requirements effectively prevent them from returning to the Crimea from Soviet Central Asia, where most of them are now living.

6. History. DO YOU REMEMBER? No. 59 (Pylayev, M9:30) dealt with the swift about-face of Soviet propaganda in 1939. At

4 first Moscow was staunchly anti-Fascist, anti-Hitler, but after the non-aggression pact with Hitler, the propaganda line changed. Then, of course, the Nazi invasion in 1941 forced the propaganda line back to its original anti- Fascist, anti-Hitler position.

B. CROSS-REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF COMMUNIST AFFAIRS:

1. Czechoslovakia. NOTE (Henkin, M 4:30) observed that the tenth, as contrasted with the first anniversary of the Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia passed without open conflict in Prague but that, despite massive security precautions, peaceful demonstrations did occur. Sakharov's statement and the Leningrad demonstration were also mentioned.

NOTE (Predtechevsky, M 6) covered reaction in the West to the 10th anniversary of the Soviet-led invasion of Czecho- slovakia. The program' cited in this connection statements made by Heinrich Boell in Cologne and Jiri Pelikan in Rome, but focused mainly on the strong condemnation of the invasion voiced by the Eurocommunists. The program examined the Italian, French, Spanish, and British CP statements and concluded that they took a similar stand on the issue. The PC's condemned the intervention, saying that it is still a grievous unhealed wound in the socialist movement, and that the Czechoslovak situation has not been normalized and cannot be normalized without full, independence and autonomy. The program was based on CND/RH 21 August report "Anniversary Reaction Wrapup."

PRESS REVIEW (Bensi, M 2) qubted comments on the tenth anniversary,of the Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia in The Baltimore, Sun and Le Matin. '

PARIS REPORT (Mirsky, P 5:30) was devoted to reaction in France to the tenth anniversary of the Soviet invasion of rtechoplMakia. The program referred to a demonstration WO-side the Soviet Embassy in Paris by the 5 January Committee! a solidarity met.ting in Marseilles held by the Frenth Sobialist Parcy, at which a telegram was sent to Zari Pelikan; a French TV program which featured Rudolf Stansky.6 widow and which produced a protest by the Czech tImbassy; R telegram by writer Pierre Daix, pciAv,Pierre Mmaiiuel, and Socialist Party Secretary Jules Martinet to pAdipants in the athletics championships in Prague; and the trench Republican Party's intention to ask Paris Maybr NeCques Chirac to name a street in the city after Jan Pdiach.

NEW 'YORK REPORT, No. 969-78 (Zuckerman, NY 4:30) :gave the contents of an article by Elizabeth Pond n The Christian Science Monitor in. which she _gave her personal Impressions of the Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia in August 1968. Pond Observed that in reply to a question,by Brezhnev, US President Lyndon Johnson said that the Yalta Agreement on the division of spheres of influence in Europe could be considered still valid in respect of Czechoslovakia and Romania.

SPECIAL FEATURE (Fedoseyeva, M 29:30) featured excerpts from Natalia Gorbanevskaya's, book Red Square at Noon which described the 25 August 1968 demonstration in Red Square protesting the Soviet-led invasion of Czechoslovakia.

2., Hua Kuo-feng's Visit to Yugoslavia and Romania. PRESS REVIEW (Bensi, M 4) quoted The Times, The Financial Times, Les Echos, La Repubblica, and the Frankfurter Rundschau.

NOTE (Perouansky, M 5) discussed unconfirmed press reports from Bucharest concealing a Soviet protest about the Romanian visit of Chinese leader Hua Kuo-feng. The program noted that while these reports were unconfirmed, the Soviet news media's reporting on the visit has not concealed Soviet displeasure.

NOTE (Bensi, M 6) focused on the banquet speech in Belgrade of Chinese party leader Hua Kuo-feng in which he praised Yugoslavia for its non-aligned policy and for its determina- tion to resist aggression. At the same time the Chinese leader attacked the behavior of the big powers, particularly hegemonistic tendencies.

C. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TOPICS:

1. Kenvatta. NOTE (Predtechevsky, M 6:30) gave an obituary of Kenya' h late President Jomo Kenyatta, noting his stabi- lizing influence in a country beset by trival divisions. The f_J9gram backgrounded Kenyata’s rise to power from his im- p.tisonmeht under. the British to his final days as undisputed leader.

_The Liddle Fast. TEL AVIV REPORT, No. 16-432 (Perelman, isr 4) Voted from the Israeli press on stepp0A-up measures 31 Israel to prevent Palestinian terrorist attacks.

3. .Bkptsh-Israeli Relations. LONDON REPORT (Gregory, L 4) repciPL1d on strained relations between Israel and Britain in the wake of the Palestinian terrorist attacks on an El-Al bus,in London. The program pointed out that one of the areas of dentention is Britain's refusal to allow Israeli security men to carry weapons to defend Israelis in Britain. 4

4. The Sino-Japanese Treaty. NEW YORK REPORT, No. 968-78 (Shilaeff, NY 4) reported on the TV interview given by Japanese Premier Fukuda in which he rejected criticism of the Sino-Japanese Friendship Treaty. Fukuda pointed to the clause in the treaty which says that the treaty is not aimed against any third country.

5. The US. NEW YORK REPORT, No. 966-78 (Bykovsky, NY 4) discussed a proposed law which would reduce the number of foreign embassy personnel enjoying diplomatic immunity in the US.

6. The US and the ILO. NEW YORK REPORT, No. 967-78 (Bykovsky, NY 3) dealt with a statement by US Labor Secretary Ray Marshall about what the US considers as improvements in the performance at the International Labor Organization which Washington withdrew from because of the belief that the ILO was biased. Marshall said problems :still remained by expressed the hope, that the present positive trend would lead to a return of the US to the ILO.

7. Mozambique. WASHINGTON REPORT, No.1307 (Savemark, W 5) gave the substance of The Washington Post article by David Lamb which discussed Soviet influence and presence in Mozambique as well as Mozambique's recent diplomatic efforts to end its political isolation by establishing economic links with the West.

8. Thailand. PROBLEMS OF DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, No. 106 (Pusta, M'9), backgrounded the political situation in Thailand, emphasizing the pressures that the country is undergoing from its comMunist neighbors and from local insurgents.

D. CULTUAAL, SOCIAL, AND SCTENTIFIC.TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST INDUNTRIEt:

1: US Miscellanea. ,AnERICA -- DEEDS AND PEOPLE, No. 110 (Novirozov, NY 8:30) reported on a gigantic salt mine in Kansas which is used to store records and cultural treasures kdch as films.

2. Mtural Miscellarea. CINEMA KALEIDOSCOPE (Maltsev, R 8:30) reviewed seven entries to this year's Science Fiction Film Febtivill in Triest.

PRE g REVIEW (Bensi, M 6) was featured in B-1 (Bensi, M 2) and b-2 (Bensi, M 4).

, 5

WORLD TODAY (Nadirashvili, M 59:30) featured programming on the following topics: speeches by Hua Kou-feng and Tito in Belgrade (Bensi, M 4:30); the tenth anniversary of the invasion of Czechoslovakia (Henkin, M 4); world reaction to the anniversary (Predtechevsky, M 3:30); the death of Jomo Kenyatta (Predtechevgky, M 3:30); The Washington Post on the Soviet role in Mozambique (Savemark, W 3:30); the appeal by Crimean Tatars to the CPSU CC and the Supreme Soviet Presidium (Roitman, M 4:30); The Washington Post on the labor situation in the USSR and Eastern Europe (Savemark, W 2); the US and the ILO (Bykovsky, NY 2:30); preparations by Begin and Sadat for the Campt David summit (Zuckerman, NY 3); the fight against terrorism in Israel (Perelman, Isr 2:30); an interview with US Defense Secretary Harold Brown (Shilaeff, NY 3); and the US Senate's approval of restrictions on diplomatic immunity.

vr/JSL

NEWS COVERAGE, stories in their All' RFE Services and RUNS carried these newscasts of 22. August 1978L Kenya, is dead. Jomo Kenyatta, the President of deputies hostage 'Nicaragua, gunmen have taken parliamentary In prisoners and a.ransom. .and have demanded freedom for:political with President Tito. .Hua Kuo-ftng has had more talks accusedOf breaking businessman' Jay Crawford, who is American for more questioning. Soviet currency laws, has been called in tomorrow. ; . which would make visits The U.S. Congress has dropped a proposal Department approval. :by foreign communists dependent on State to the European international committee wants athletes going *An show support for :Athletics Championehips.in Prague to,publicly human rights. Academy of Sciences is. The Human Rights Committee of the U.S. 4 jailed for human rights concerned about Eaet EUropean scientists activities. journalists. The USSR has cancelled a visit by American preparing new electoral and The Portuguese parliament has begun census laws.. through the hands o Three wttnted terrorists have slipped West German police.. artillery to Cambodia. Vietnam claims China has sent troops and bl 1 44 out large-scale Isrtteli and British security forces carried airports. anti-terror exercises today at their main the swimming c hampionshiPs **Mir wofp records have been broken at !CI West ienlin.,

this item. *) Ttit tjsh Service did not use **) AL/Na did not use this item. R

RADIO LIBERTY DAILY BROADCAST ANALYSIS NO. 235 (A summary of the news coverage by the Russian- language programming appears at the end of the DBA)

(An * next to a program indicates designated for translation)

Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. 235 for Wednesday, 23 August 1978 Felton/Romano/Einfrank

A. SOVIET TOPICS -- POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL:

1. Soviet-US. Relations. NEW YORK REPORT, No. 974-78 (Orlov, NY 3) gave the substance of US Defense Secretary Harold Brown's statements on SALT in an 22 August speech at an American Legion congress in New Orleans. In particular, Brown intimated that a new SALT agreement would not be signed unless it allowed the US to deploy mobile intercontinental missiles. ,

NEW YORK REPORT, No. 972-78. (Storozhenko, NY 3) discussed' Carter's decision not to sell a computer to the USSR for use by TASS. Noted was an article from The Journal of Commerce on Prance'S reluctance to join in this type of boycott.

SPECIAL FEATURE .(T. Ben, M 14) gave, the substance of Craig Whitney's The New York Times article in which the American correspondent takes a personal look at the Soviet slander lawsuit against him and his colleague Harold Piper. I

YEW YORK REPORT, NO. 975 (Zuckerman, NY 4) dealt with the statement released on 22 August by. the Human Rights Committee of America's National Academy of Sciences: The program noted the committee's concern about the plight- of scientists in the USSR, Czechoslovalcia, and other parts of the world who have been inprisoned because -of theirhuman tights activities. The committee's call on the USSR to rclease Orlov, Shcharansky, and Kovalev- was covered. The' program further cited the .committee's statement that it opposes calls for a collective boycott of.the Soviet Union by US scientists -but at the same time calls on the USSR to take humane and just action which would reverse the spontaneous protests by US scientists against the treatment of Soviet human rights campaigners. NEW.YORK REPORT (Storozhenko; NY 2:3D) discussed the Soviet Union's cancellation of a. visit to the USSR which American' journalists:and educators. were'to have made after attending the Warsaw Media Symposium at the beginning of September. . The program cited Dr. Richard Cole, one of the organizers of the US-USSR media exchange program, who expressed disappointment at the cancellation aril -expressed the.hope that the Soviet and American participants in the program would still meet in the future.

2. Dissidents and Human Rights. DIALOGUE. (Relotserkovtky, M 23) was the second part of a discussion on political systems and their possible application to the Soviet. Union. The democraticversus the authoritarian models were dis- .cOtsed. The views of Sblzhenitsyn! Valentin turphin, and Vladimir Osipov were quoted. The program. focused the - .possibility of establishing a democratic form of socialism in the USSR which would notinclude a multiparty system. The program carried an interview .on this point withKronid Lubarsky, a.former Soviet dissident now living in the West.

THE SOUND OF STRINGS No. 661 .(Mitina, M 4 ) featured a recording by Vladimir VysOtsky of A Song About Cosmic Scoundrels:

. 3. The 1980 Olympics. NOW YORK REPORT, No. 973 (Bykovsky, NY 5) quoted from an article in The New YOrk Times by Craig Whitney on Soviet preparations for the 1980 Olympics in Moscow.

4. The Navy. NOTE (Predtechevsky, M 5:30) reported on the Soviet Navy's efforts to tow one of its disabled nuclear. submarines from waters off Scotland to the main port at Murmansk. The program noted how difficult such a towing operation is and the dangers it poses for the sailors involved.

5. The Nationality Question. In connection.With.the latest petition by Crimean Tatars demanding the right to return to their ancient homeland in the.Crimea SPECIAL. BROADCAST (Fedoseyeva, M 26:30) excerpted the. "Crimena Tatars' Appeal to the World Public," dated April. 1968 and published in the Chronicle of Current Events, and noted other similar petitions since then described the plight of an entire nation deported :to Central Asia and Siberia and still deprived of the right .to return to its homeland. -3

B. CROSS-REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF -coilmuNIpT AFFAIRS:

1. Hua Kuo-feng's Visit to -Yugoslavia. In connection with Soviet media's highly critical and propagandistic portrayal. of Hua Kuo-feng,. NOTE (Perouansky, M 3:30) featured excerpts from the Yugoslav press depicting a positive and popular - profile of chairman Hua. The program was based on an-RAD/ Stankovic Research.Note of 23 AuguSt 1978..

PRESS REVIEW (Ben and Fedoseyev, M 3..130) quoted comments in. the Sueddeutsche Zeitung, Die Welt, The Times (London), The Guardian, and The Daily Telegraph...

2. Czechoslovakia. In connection with the 10th anniversary pf the Soviet-led invasion of Czechoslovakia, NEW YORK REPORT,' No. 970 (Orlov, NY 5) gave the substance of an article in.The Baltimore SuntyJacob Beam, who was American Ambassador to .C7echoslovakia during the invasion. Beam describes the developments in spring and summer of 1968 which led to the occupation of Czechoslovakia by. Warsaw Pact forces. :

FOR YOUR FREEDOM AND OURS, No. 112 (Silnitskaya, NY 13) was the second part of a discussion on the views of military specialist John Erickson concerning the 1968 Czechoslovak . invasion. Erickson said the Warsaw Pact was designed to protect Soviet security and also to keep Pact members politically in line. He 'also discussed the inability of the Czechoslovak armed forces to 'offer resistande to'the invaders.

NOTE '(Matusevich, M 4) quoted from an 'article in the Swedish newspaper Dagens Nyheter by one of the paper's correspondents who interviewed Czechoslovak 'dissident Julius Tomin. One of the signers of Charter 77; Tomin has been engaged in teaching the children of dissidents who have been denied educational - opportunities because of their dissident parents' activities.

3. Romania. NOTE (Vardy, M 6) was pegged to Romania's National Day celebrations, and discussed the country's internal and foreign policy positions.

4. The Death of Ignazio Silone was the topic of NOTE (Bensi, M 4) which discussed Silone's career as a novelist and his involvem..mt in the, formation of the Italian Communist Party. The program recorded Silone's disillusionment with the party, which he left in 1930, publicly rejecting Moscow's ideology. v

C. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TOPICS:

1. Kenvatta. PRESS REVIEW (Ben and Henkin, M 6:30) quoted comments on the death of Kenyan President Jomo Kenyatta and its possible consequences in the Basler Zeitung, Der Buhd

(Berne), the Neue Zuercher Zeitung, Aktuelt (Denmark), S. Die Presse (Vienna), The Washington Post, The New York Times, L'Aurote, Le Figaro, Le Matin, and L'Humanite.

2. The Middle East. NOTE (Henkin# M 5) discussed the Israeli pkotest-against the International Air Transport Association's invitation to a PLO representative to attend, as an observer, discussions On air security. measures. The program suggested ironically that some kind of agreement could be reached to pay regular contributions to -the PLO 'in order that the organization need not waste time and energy hijacking aircraft and killing hostages. The PLO could. enhance its well-deserved reputation for moderation, without changing the rest of'its tactics. It could even step up. its terrorism On land. The program pointed to a possible link with the recent decision by seven major industrial 'countries in Bonn to Combine forces against air piracy.

3. East-,West Relations. NEW YORK REPORT, No. 971-78 (Muslin, NY 5:30) was pegged to a statement by NATO commander General ,Haig that he did not expect the Warsaw Pact would try a surprise attack on Western Europe. The program Cited an , article in The Baltimore Sun and .data from the London-based- International Institute for Strategic Studies in discussing the balance of forces between East and West.

4- Angola and Zaire. NOTE. (PredtechevSky,'M 4) discussed. the reconciliation between Angola and Zaire. and analyzed the results of. the recent summit meeting between the Presidents' of the two nations. The program outlined the differences' and recent hostilities between the two countries and noted that the reconciliation was the result of Western diplomatic efforts. CND/RH Note "Angola and Zaire" dated 22 August. was used.

5. French-Laotian Relations. PARIS REPORT (Mirsky, P 4) noted the Laotican government's order to close the French Embassy in Vientiane, and the French goirernmenes' analogous counter-measure. The program traced the deterioration of French-Laotian relations since the communist takeover in Laos in 1975 due in particular to France's accepting Laotian refugees. 5

6. The US. NEW YORK REPORT, No. 977-78 (Bykovsky, NY 3:30). noted that a US Congressional conference committee voted down an amendment submitted by Senator Baker which would have restricted the issue of entry visas to foreign communists.

7. Britain. LONDON REPORT (Grogory,-L 5). discussed the. Con- troversy surrounding the showing in Britain of a television play about the trial of an IRA terrorist.

D. CULTURAL, SOCIAL, AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF -NON-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES:

i. US Prisons. In a discussion on the US system of prisons and corrective institutions, NEW YORK, NEW YORK, No. 27 (Konson, NY 8) focused its attention on New York City's 410 prisons and their cost to the city's taxpayers.

2. Jack London. IN THE TRACKS OF THE UNKNOWN JACK LONDON, No. 1 (Patrushev, NY 15:30) was the first of .a series of programs devoted to the popular American novelist Jack London. The series is based on new biographical data on London, primarily Andrew Sinclair's biography Jack.

PRESS REVIEW (Ben, Henkin, and Fedoseyev, M 10:30) was featured in 13-1 (Ben and Fedoseyev, M 3:30) and C-1 (Ben and Henkin, M 6:30).

WORLD -TODAY (Nadirashvili, M 59:30) featured programming on . the following topics: Yugoslav press reports on Hua Kuo-feng (Perouansky, M.1:30); US Ambassador Jacob Beam’s recollections of the events in Czechoslovakia of 1968 (Orlov, NY 3:30)_; the fate of philosopher Julius Tomin, a typical victim of "normalization" in CzechoslovakiajMatusevich, M 3:30); an obituary of Ignazio Silone (Bensi, M 3);.the'offensive potential of the Soviet Army (Muslin, Ny 4); the use of a U-2 aircraft to monitor Soviet maneuvers in the GDR (Predtechevsky, M 3);.the crippled Soviet submarine off the Faroe Islands (Predtechevskli, M I); preparations in Moscow for the 1980 Olympics (Bykovsky, NY 3); The Christian Science Monitor on the Polish economy (Savemark, W 3); the question of supplying an IBM computer to PASS (Storozhenko, NY 2:30); Japan's reply .to Soviet criticism of the Sino-Japanese treaty (Shilaeff,.. NY 3); the normalization of relations between Angola and Zaire. (Pred' techevsky, .M 3); and the Israeli protest against PLO presence at an IATA meeting on security problems (Henkin, M 3:30).

vr, NEViS COVERAGE , All RFE Services and RUNS carried these stories in their newscasts of 23 August 1978: .

Those terrorists 'in Nicaragua are' still holding hundreds of people hostage.

Chinese Party chairman Hua ItuOfeng toured a farm on' the out- skirts of Belgrade today.and Visited the home of a Yugoslav tractor driver. France says it wants to replace the nuclear plant it is selling Pakistan with facilities which cannot produce,, fuel for atomic weapons.

The small centrist:party in Israel's coalition government'split today and one faction withdrew its support. But the Move 'left 'Premier Begin still commanding a comfortable majority.

An American businessman Accused of breaking Soviet currency laws. has been questioned for about 8 hours and told. to report again tomorrow.

Iranian students occupied the embassy in The Hague for a few hours today In protest at the Shah's government. The USSR has protested to Japan 'over the Sino-Japanese peace and friendship. treaty.

India's lower 4vouse of parliament today passed' a bill whieh bars the declaration of emergency rule except in war, external aggression, or armed rebellion. jgrazio'Silone, Italian writer and former prominent scommunist, lizs died at the age of 78. The dollar today shot.up.in value all over the world after the United States decided to increase its gold sales.

Simth Africa said today, it counterattacked afterswAPp. guerrillas and !,a.mbian forces launohed an attack on its positions in South- west Africa.

rircrIWp m :Si si as&

RADIO LIBERTY DAILY BROADCAST ANALYSIS NO. 236 (A summary of the news coverage by the Russian- language programming appears at the end of the DBA)

(An * next to a program indicates designated for translation)

Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. 236 for Thursday, 24 August 1978 410 Felton/Romano/Einfrank

A. SOVIET TOPICS -- POLITICAL, ECONOMIC., SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL:

1. Dissidents and Human Rights. SAMIZDAT REVIEW, No. 334 (Schlippe, Lyubarsky, and Salova, M 18), provided readings of excerpts from the 48th issue of the Chronicle of Current Events dealing with repressive actions of the Vladimirov.Prison management and the sadistic Captain Fedotov. comments were provided by Lyubarsky, a former political prisoner and member of Amnesty International, and Salova who participated: in aid to prisoners of conscience. It was pointed out that repressive measures. include a wide range of things from requiring walking with. hands held together to withholding correspondence. Collectively, these are intended to break the prisoners' spirit. Their .effect, however, has been to increase sympathy between political prisoners and those who are serving sentences for actual violations of the law such as economic crimes. The.. political prisoners have been able to make it clear that their fightagainst injustices also applies to the question of the rights of prisoners in general to be protected against excessive or peculiar punishment.

-DOCUMENTS Of OUR TIME, No. 157 (Burstein and Schlippe, M 27:30) continued to feature a RERUN of excerpts from Alexander Pod- rabinek's book Punitive Medicine first broadcast on 15 Sept. 1977.

2'. History. 'REVIEW OF THE RUSSIAN-LANGUAGE FOMIGN.PRESS, No. 103 (Schajovicz, M 9). gave excerpts from an article in the 2 August issue of Noyoye Russkove:Slovo on the forced- labor camps of the:11VD-rtin-DalstrOy in Kolyma and.Chukotka. 2

B. CROSS-REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF COMMUNIST AFFAIRS:.

1. Hua Kuo-fenq's Visit to Romania andY6clos1avia. NOTE ARoitman, M 3:30) pointed. to theUSSR's unconcealed irrita- ' tion over the visit, and the rumors that Hua's visit to: . Romania was curtailed due to a protest from Moscow. The program observed that Hua chose for his visit two Sensitive Spots for the USSR. The symbolism Of the visits is more important than their practical results. Reference was also made to the Sino-Japanese treaty.

PRESS REVIEW (Perouansky, M 5) quoted comments in The Daily Telegraph, The Guardian, Die Welt, and the Muenchner Merkur.

2. .Czechoslovakia. LONDON REPORT (Gregory, 1., 7) 'discussed the controversy over the'London Evening Standard editorial which commemorated the 1968 Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia -but at the same time criticized the Dubcek leadership.' The program quoted from letters printed by the paper which protested against the editorial.

NOTE (A. \Tardy; M 4) discussed the impact of the 1968 Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia on the Eastern European states and .the USSR as well as .on the communist parties of Western Europe: Quoted were articles in the Nede Zuercher Zeitunq, the Rheinische Merkur, Le Monde and London's Financial Times.

3. Poland. SAMIZDAT REVIEW, No. 334: (Schlippe, M.9) described the large number and wide political and social range of Polish samizdat periodical publications currently appearing.

.4. Iqnazio Silone. PRESS REVIEW (Bensi, M 3) quoted comments on the late writer and co-founder of the PCI in L'Unita, La Stampa, The Guardian, and the Frankfurter Allqemeine Zeitunq.

C. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TOPICS:

1. The Middle East. NOTE (Perouansky, M 4:30) previewed the CaMp David summit, noting that a tremendous gap remains between the positions of Egypt and Israel. While Begin-insists that no agreement will be possible if demands are made for the - -liquidation of Israeli settlements on occupied territory, Sadat insists on just that. Sadat 'also rejects the idea of. .a "separate peace.." He also wants the US to produce a . settlement plan; however, the US evidently Fnz.:ces the Israeli view that she should merely act as an "honest broker." NEW YORK REPORT, No. 982-78 (L. Dndin, NY:3:30) discussed - the upcoming Camp David summit, noting Carter's statement . that the summit was a political risk for him. An article in The Christian Science Monitor was, quoted which said that. Washington was preparing suggestions to be discussed at the summit. .

TEL-AVIV REPORT, No. 16-433 (Perelman, Isr 3:30) discussed- ' Israeli government and public reaction to a letter written to. Begin by some 100 Israeli .army veterans: The veterans . criticized Israel's "settlement"spelicy and .stated that if called up for reserve duty they will refuse to defend the. settlements. The program noted that Begin's office.immediately criticized and condemned the letter. It pointed out that the letter was also denonnced by the "Peace. Now" movement,. army veterans who have collected thousands of :signatures on petitions calling for greater Israeli flexibility in peace negotiation's...

2. US Troops in Europe. NEW YORK REPORT, No. 979-78 (Muslin, NY 5) discussed the importance of American troops in the defense of Western Europe. A series in The Baltimore Sun was cited.

3. US Weapons Sales'. WASHINGTON REPORT, No. 1311 (Savemark,' W 4:30) discussed the news conference of Under-Secretary of State Lucy Wilson Benson who stated that the US' had refused to sell 1.8 billion dollars worth of weapons to foreign, . countries this year. The program' pointed' out that this is in lipe. with President Carter's broad policy objectives of cutting down arms sales as outlined in his, arms sales program in May of 1977.

4. US Weapons Development. NOTE (Predtechevsky, M 3:30) pegged to the Pentagon announcement that the US has success- fully tested a laser weapon, discussed the implications for NATO in the event of an attack by the Warsaw Pact.

5. US Trade with Communist Countried. WASHINGTON REPORT, No. 1330 ($avemark, W 4) gave the latest US Commerce Depart- ment figures on US trade with China, the USSR, and Eastern Europe.

6. Freedom Of the Press in the US. MULTI -STORIED AMERICA, . . No. 70 (StoroihenkO, NY 5:30) was devoted to the .case of a reporter of The New York Times jailed -in New Jersey for refusing .to reveal his new sources. The program discussed the different issues at stake -- freedom. of the press versus the rights of courts to have full information in trial proceedings. 4

7. US-Vietnamese Relations were discussed in NEW YORK REPORT (Shilaeff, NY. 4:30) in the light .cf a US Congressional. delegation's meeting with Pham Van-Dong in Hanoi. The .program noted that Hanoi promised to turn over to the congressional ' team the remains of 11.Americans missing. in action. It also cited Pham Van Dong on his desire- for friendly bilateral ties and an end to the US trade embarg< as well as his statements - that Hanoi no longer insists onthe US paying war reparations as a precondition to normalization of relations.

8. Amnesty International. FROM THE OTHER SHORE, No. 717 (Fedoseyeva, M 19:30)-featured an account in the Israeli Russian-language journal. Vrethya I iNof the principles . guiding the activities Of Amnesty International,. based a round table discussion' held at the home of the bead of :the Israeli section 'of Amnesty International.

9. FrenCh-Pakistani Relations. PARS REPORT (Mirsky, P 5) backgrounded what is described in Paris as the virtual annul- ment of the 1976 agreement under which France was to supply. Pakistan with a plant for the enrichment of nuclearfuel. This is the result of Pakistan's refusal to renegotiate the terms of the treaty so as to include the latest technology making it impossible for the factory to produce plutonium for nuclear weapons. The program noted the US's position on the matter, and traced developments back to the explosion of a nuclear device in India in May 1974.

10. Iceland. NOTE (Matusevich, M 3:30) discussed the political situation in Iceland, where the political parties have had difficulties in creating a coalition government.

11. Terrorism in the FRG was the topic of NOTE (Predtechevsky, M 4), which discussed the escape of three of the country's most wanted terrorists from a police dragnet. The program was based on CND Special/Wall "Terror Again?" of 23 August.

12. Terrorism in Nicaragua was the topic of NOTE (Pred- techevskyM 3:30). The program discussed the incident in which guerillas stormed the National Palace in Managua and ' seized hundreds of people as hostages. It was noted.that this latest outburst fs part of a mounting campaign to oust the rightist President Anastasio Somoza Debayle.. The program provided background on the Somoza family, which has held' effective power with military backing in Nicaragua -since 1934. The program was based on a CND/RH report. of 23 August "The Pressure Mounts in Nicaragua.." - 5--

13. The Papal Elections. NOTE (Bensi, M 4:30) provided a curtain raiser to the Vatican concLave on the election of a new Pope. The program said that political and other con- siderations made it likely -that an Italian would 'be chosen, noting that Cardinals Baggio and PLgnedoli are leading contenders.

D. CULTURAL, SOCIAL, AND SCTENTTFCC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES:

1. US Items. AMERICA--DEEDS AND-2EOPLE, No.109 (NavrOzovi NY 7) reported on how American. students Serve as 'interns" in the offices of Congressmen during the, summer school vacation in order to get experienC.3 in political life.

'2. Trafalgar Square. MODERN BRITAIN, No. 48 (Floyd and Kuznetsov, L 12:30) dealt with the tradition in London of using Trafalgar Square as a place to hold meetings and demonstrations during which people can freely express their, views.

PRESS REVIEW (Perouansky and Bensi, M 8) was featured in B-1 (Perouansky, M 5) and B-4 (Bensi, M 3).

WORLD TODAY (Nadirashvili, M 59:30) featured programming on the following topics: international press comments :on the. effect of the August 1968 Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia (A. Vardy, M 3); the London Evening Standard.on the invasion's tenth anniversary (Gregory, L 4); the US National Academy of Sciences calls for the release of imprisoned scientists in. various.countries(Zuckerman, NY 2); increased US trade with the USSR and Pilu (Savemark, W 2); Soviet concern over the 411 strengthening of Sino-Ameridan ties (Shilaeff, NY 3); US- Vietnamese relations (Shilaeff, NY 2.!30); the question of the feasibility of a.defence Of Western Europe (Muslin, NY 2);.. US tests of a'laser. weapon (Predtechevsky i M 3:30); Harold Btown on the SALT talks (Orlov, NY 2)1 the curtailment of US arms sales (Savemark, W 2:30); the situation on the eve of.the Camp' DavidSummit (Perouansky, M 2:30); US Congress' draft bill removing restrictions on entry, visas for foreign communists (Bykovsky, NY 2); the Papal election (Bensi, M 4); terrorism in Nicaragua (Predtechevsky, M 3); and terrorism in West Germany (Predtechevsky, M 2:30)..

v r, JR NEWS COVERAGE

All RFE Services and RI/NS carried these stories in their newscasts of 24 August 1978:

The hostage drama in Nicaragua is over. The terrorists and the people whose release they demanded are now in Panama City.

Hua Kuo-feng has touched.= a dispute between Bulgaria and Yugoslavia by praising wifat he called the "Macedonian nation,"

The USSR has accused China of trying to undermine the unity of the communist world.

The Soviet- Foreign Ministry has told two. U.S. newsmen convicted .of libel they deserved to lose their aocreditations but would be let off with a warning. American businessman Jay Crawford was questioned by the KGB again today.and has been told to report. againtomorrow.

Cardinals today ended a series of meetings in the Vatican leading. up to the election of the next Pope of the Roman Catholic: Church.

Portuguese President Banes has defended his intervention in the spolitical crisis.

Israeli cabinet ministers are reviewing the proposals to beput at next month's Middle.EaSt'summit.

*In Iceland the leader. of the neo-dommunist People b Alliance has failed to form a government. .-Zambia claims South African aircraft have attacked a 'border town.

*) The.Bulgarian Service did not use this item. PIET ""1 rasa is&

RADIO LIBERTY DAILY. BROADCA:3T ANALYSIS NO. 237 (A summary of.the news coverage by the Russian- language programming appears at the end of the DNA)

(An * next to a program indicates designated for translation)

Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. 237 for Friday, 25 August 1978 Felton/Romano/Einfrank

A. SOVIET TOPICS - POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAIk AND CULTURAL:

1. Soviet-Us Relations. :NEW YORK REPORT (Bykovsky, NY 2:30) said that the ending of the Whitney and Piper case, accompanied by the announcement to the reporters that although normally they could anticipate being expelled; at the request of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and in the interest of US-Soviet relations they were being given only a warning, was actually a result of the fact that the propaganda advantage which those who had staged the trial had hoped for simply was not obtained.

NEW YORK REPORT, No. 985 (Bykovsky, NY 3:30) discussed the statement made by the President of an American bookstore chain. that the Soviet Olympic Committee had raised the possibility of the firm opening three book kiosks in Moscow during the 1980 Olympics. Floyd Hall, President of the B..Dalton Booksellers, said if the deal went through, profits from the. sales. would be used by the firm to buy Soviet books for sale in the US.

REVIEW OF THE RUSSIAN-LANGUAGE FOLEIGN PRESS (Schajovicz,- M 5:30) discussed an article in the New York newspaper Novove Russkoe Slovo about the fact that much mail sent. by Americans to people in the USSR is never delivered. US Post Office statistics were cited, and it was noted that the US Congress is looking into the matter on the grounds that this is a. . violation of international agreements.

NOTE (Roitman, M 3:30) gave the substance of The Christian Science Monitor's Moscow correspondent David Willis' inter- , view with US industrialist Armand Hammer in Moscow. The program cited Mr. Hammer on his long years experience in negotiating trade deals with the Soviet Union, and his advice that the best way to achieve results with the USSR -- whether political or business -- is through summitry, patience, making frequent visits and recognition of Soviet interests.

NEW YORK REPORT, No. 983 (Bykovsky, NY 3:30) discussed the case of American athlete Kent Waldrup, who was paralyzed after a football accident and who has received an invitation from a Leningrad clinic to 0 there for treatment. The program noted that after all therapy attelipts in the US had failed, doctors advised him to apply to the Leningrad Neurosurgical Institute, which had had some success with similar cases in the past. The program cited -expressions of gratitude by Waldrup and his family. 2. The USSRrUS-PRC Triangle. NEW YORK REPORT, No. 980-78 (Shilaeff, NY 3) gave the substance of an article by Dosko Doder in the 24 August issue of The. Washington Post in which hespeaks of the USSR's concern over the IrRETTnew active glObal policy, and particularly at the prospect of cooperation between the US and the PRC. Doder said the Soviets see Brzezinski as chiefly responsible for what they consider an attempt to encircle the USSR.

3. The USSR-PRC-Japan Triangle. NOTE (Matusevich, M 3:30) repnrted on the Soviet protest to Japan over. the Sino-Japanese friendship treaty, noting Japan's rejection of the protest based on Tokyo's contention that the treaty was not aimed at the USSR.

4. The Economy. NEW YORK REPORT (Dreyer, NY 4:30'). discussed the latest Soviet .econcmic statistics, noting that they showed a slowing down in growth, specificAlly in .the industrial sector. Labor productivity waS.cited as a key factor in this slowing,-down process.

* 5. Consumer GOods. In KU7,NETSOV. TALK, No. 23.8 '(Kuznetsov, L 15), a former Sovietyriter:now liVing in London recalled how in.order to obtain Some caviar for a writer friend who. 'needed to present it to a chief editorin order to get his book published, he had to. buy dozens of slices of bread smeared with caviar in the canteen of the Writers'House in Moscow, and 'then scrape it all off again into a jar. Kuznetsov noted the easy availability of caviar in :London, and the cheapness and availability.of the f.oda automobile in Britain as compared with the USSR (although its Soviet origin is not. - 3 -

mentioned in advertisement owing to the poor ratings given. Soviet automobiles at international exhibitions), and contrasted the dumping prices at which the USSR sells its caviar and automobiles abroad,- with its massive aid to Cuba. Kuznetsov also recalled how. in the 1930's, while millions of Soviet peasants were starving due to the famine artificially created by Stalin, the grain Which had.beem .aonfiscated from them was being exported.

6. Agriculture. NEW YORK REPORT, No. 989-78 (Dreyer, NY 3:30) highlighted the latest, August, estimate of this year's Soviet grain harvest by the'US Agriculture Department, which puts it at 220 million tons. Although .this would be sufficient to satisfy domestic needs, the US ocperts feel that losses due to inefficient organization will again compel the USSR large quantities of grain. to import The Moscow Olympics. LONDON REPORT (Gregory, L 3) covered statements made by British 'Foreign Minister-David Owen on British television in which he warned that .if the USSR continues its repressiveicy in the sphere Of human rights, sporting and cultural contacts Would .be jeopardized' and the usprt should not take. it fur, granted that. the Moscow. Olympics will ran as planned in 1980. .In'this connection :the program reported that a member of Britain's Council of Sports Affairs, L. Lukas, has. introduced a resolution on reviewing a possible boycott of the Moscaw:Clympics by British athletes..

8. The Karpov-Korchnoi Duel. NEV, YORK REPORT, No. 992-78 (Stein, NY 4:30) gave a factual account of Korchnoi's two. latest suddendefeats.

9. The Cinema. JEWISH CULTURAL AND SOCIAL LIFE, .No. 280 (H. Shakhnovich, Isr 5) featured a humorous item in' which the author described his.experiences.in the world of moviemaking when he accepted a one-day ?Oie.in a Kiev 'film production.

10. Balloons and Airships. SPECIAL FEATURE (Belotserkovsky, M 13), pegged to the trans-Atlantic flight of the American balloonists, discussed Soviet effGrts in lighter-than-air craft.

11. Dissidents. THE SOUND OF STRINGS, No. 677 (Mitina, M 4:30) featured two songs by A. Gorodnitsky, And I Say I Will Not and Southern Cross. 4

12. .History, SPECIAL FEATURE, Nc. 5959 (Popovsky,:. NY 9) was pegged to the International Genetics Congress in Moscow. and detailed SovietpersecUtion of geneticists who were imprisoned and executed under Stalin. The program described how the Soviet authorities have seught to cover up this Stalinist past by simply not mentioning it in published works.

B. CROSS-.REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS, OF COMMUNIST AFFAIRS,:

1. PRC Foreign Policy. NOTE (Prcdtechevsky, M 330) discussed an article in the West German weekly Die Zeit on . China's intensified diplotatic activity. The article noted . the Sino-Japanese Friendship Treat.yand Hua Kuo-feng's visits to 'Belgrade and Bucharest:, (

NOTE (Bensi, M discussed Hua's.traveJs in Yugoslavia, focusing on Soviet and Yugoalav mcdia assessments of the visit. The program cited nuMprous Yugoslav newspapers which have presented a very popular portrayal of Hua'and :In.this connection the program ited theTASS 71 August_ dispatch which criticized.the Yug6slav: newspapbrs for not . dissociating themselves from Mei. anti-Soviet remarks while in. Yugoslavia..

PRESS REVIEW (VoVchok and A. Vardy, M 630) quoted The 'Christian Science Monitor, The Tines (Tondon), The Guardian, The Financial Times, The Toronto clobe and Mail, the Sued- diltsche-Zeitung, La Stampa, and the Neue Zuercher Zeitunq..

2. Czechoslovakia. JEWISH CULTUIAL AND SOCIAL LTFE, No. .280 ..(Zuckerman, NY 12) featured an interview with Larissa Silnicky, , a witness of events in Czechoslovakia An 1968, who discussed the impact of the. Israeli six-day-war of 1967 on events in Czechoslovakia preceding the.Sovict-led invasion in 1.9611 Mrs. Siinicky-discussed the traditional .good relation's between ethnic Czechoslovak citizens and their Jewish compatriotta and noted that anti-Semitism as *a'rheromenon Was alien to the. .Czechoslovak nation. To illuatrate the sentiments in Czech, tlovakie for the Jewish state, Mr. SilniCky cited Pavel Kohonte.s pro-Tsraeli speech to th TV Czechoslovak Writers' Congress-whiCh was held right ator the eix-day-war of Tune 1967.. The program pointed out thc.t Cechoslovakia actively supported. Israel after the six-day-war until about the fall 917 1969 when the country fell bacl, int6 deadening orthodoxy.

NOTE (A. Vardy, M 6) continued quoting from a aeries in the West nerman magazine Der Sterri by Former CzechosloVak party orflcial Zdenek Mlynar who particIrated in the 196P post- invasion negotiations in Moscow wlich led to the signing' of two Czechoslovak -Soviet protocols. Mlynar noted that the 5

only CzechoslOvak official who did not sign the protocol was Frantisek Kriegel. Mlynar saii that the Soviet leaders wanted to keep Kriegel in Moscow but tubcek's opposition prevailed and he was allowed to return to Prague.

PARTS REPORT (Gladilin, P 6) reported on a meeting in Paris commeftiorating the 29 August .196S demonstration in Red Square protesting the Soviet Ilvasion of'Czechoslovakia. Participating in the Paris meeting were three members Of the Red Square demonstration now living in the West -- Natalya Gorbanevskaya, Vadim Delone, and Viktor Fainberg. Tape recorded statements of the three wer2 carried by the. program.

C. CULTURAL, SOCIAL, AND SCTENTTFTC TOPTCS OF NON-COMMUNTST COUNTRIES:

'1, The Middle East. WASHINGTON REPORT, No. 1312 (Savemark, W 4:30) gave the substance of The igashington Post article by. former Under-Secretary of State for Middle East -Affairs. Joseph J. Sisco,who assessed the ,3r05pe0ts for the Mideast Summit in Camp David. The program cited Siocolthat 'Camp .David will not be the final chance for Mideast peace and' that the road to normalization will be followed up by many Successes and failures. .It was further noted that neither Begin nor Sadat would want to face the alternative if the summit fails and that this consideration may influence each 'to make sufficient concessions to nable a continuation of the negotiating process.

2. Portugal. NOTE (Henkin, M 6) liscussed President Panes' announcement that he appointed the non-party member Nobre. Da Costa Prime Minister because th2 political parties had proved incapable of agreeing among themselves. The program, Soares accused Ean.2s of violating the said that while Constitution, in fact Panes duly t..)ok account of the results of the elections in a different way from Soares. He possibly took into account the Sociali*st.Party's dependence on the communists and its inability to solve such vital economic poblems as the question of agricultural cooperatives.

3. Disarmament. NOTE (Predtechev3ky, M 3-30) dealt with. .the preparatory conference on banning inhumane weapons which scheduled to open in Geneva on ')i) August. The 'author explained which weapons are 'in question and considered. excessive] y harmful, i.e., napalm, cmcuSsion and other bombs. The author also pointed out that t)e USSR In the past has criticized the use of weapons whit? 1 it called inhumane, only to add these, weapons to its arsenal at a later date. -

4. Amnesty International. FROM 111E OTHER SHORE, -No. 718 (Pedoseyeva, M 19) continued to read the Second installment from the account in the Tsraeli Russian-language journal

Vremya I My of a recent round-table talk in Jerusalem which. discussed the aims and activities of Amnesty Tnternational.. Tn today's program the deputy head Of Amnesty international Dick Austin responded to the questiOn of "what category of prisoners will Amnesty International defend?".

5. Iran. NOTE (Perouansky, M 5:30) discussed the situation in Iran following the Abadan theater fire, noting that while the Tranian government charged that arson was the cause, the government also admitted that thete were lax safety precautions. Articles in The Times (Londod and Parish Match were noted, the latter being an interview with the Shah who said his reform program will continue.

6, .China-Taiwan. NEW YORK REPORT (Zuckerman, NY 3) gave the substance of The Washington Pcst article which examined the political Significance of the fact that an international physics conference in Tokyo was aTtend2d by physicists from. both Peking and Taiwan, for the first time in three decades. Thie was seen as a signal of maim change and flexibility in the long-standing'conflict betueen the two governments.

7. US Affairs. NE' YORK REPORT .(Muslin, NY .4) described the accident at the Titan site near Wichita which resulted' in the release of poisonous gas, recalled a similar previous accident in Arkansas, referred to efforts to limit riss, but said that the greatest danger todi.-,y is not-' from accidents of a military nature but those which occur during the manufacture, transport, Or use of chemicals fox civilian purposes.

8. Prance. PARTS REPORT (Minsky, p 3) reported on the resumption of the slow-down by the Prench air controllers which .has been delaying air travel.in.W6stern Europe. The program backgrounded the air controllers! demands and noted the rbrking conditions that they -now enjoy (monthly pay equivalent at the official exchange rate fo F50 rubles and a four-hour' work day), but also pointed out tYe difficulties of' the job.

9.. Afghanistan. NOTE (Predtechevsky, M 4) gave the substance Of an article by Simon Henderson The Pinancial'Times on the.situation in Afghanistan'. Herderson spoke of strife among. the new leadership over the question of growing Soviet influence and Taraki's personality ult, and opposition by devout Moslem tribes in the eastetn part of the country on the border with Pakistan.. 7

D. CULTURAL, SOCIAL, AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES: 1,; Science News. ,SCTENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. TODAY, NO: 160 (Muslin, NY 13:30). reported on scientific research and development concerning the. harmful effect of smoking and heavy *tea drinking; on.artificial.pancreas;increased *blood pressure as asresult of urban life;. a ,"Tolling mili" for use in space; a ’low-caloriediet for persons with a. weak immunity system; stimulation of .a child's development as the result of the loss of one or both parents; and the effect of alcohol on sexual desire.

2. Cultural Items.. AROUND THE WORLD'S EXHIBITION HALLS. (Golomshtok, L 11) discussed theoLondon Tate Gallery exhibit of drawings blithe world-famous sculptor Henry Moore on the occasion of his 80th birthday.

CUTJUTAT. CHRONICLE (Gittelson.and Iiyanda, NY 2) featured two items: one on the "Artists in Exile" exhibits in various Washington galleries, displaying. works of artists who have had to flee, their countries for political reasOns and the other on the New. York Whitney Gallery exhibit of works satiri7ing the. great. mastementitled "Art About Art..

JEWISH CULTURAL AND SOCIAL LIFE, No. 280 (Pinsker, !sr 11) discussed the emergence of Israel as a film-producing country with favorable climatic conditions.and generous state sub- sidies making it an ideal place for film making.

AROUND THE WORLD'S EXHIBITION.HALLB. (Lvov and Morozov, NY' 11:30) featured a discussion on the history of the. World-famous art colleotion of the Prince of Lichtenstein. ,

PRESS REVIEW (Vovchok and A. Vardy, M 6:30) was featured in B-1.

WORLD TODAY (Nadirashvili, M 59:30) featured programming on ele following topics: recollections by Gorbanevskaya, Delone, and Fainberg of the 25 August 196P demonstration: on Red Square against the. Sovietinvasion-of C-kechoslovakia (Gladilin, P 4:30); denek. Wynar's recollections in Der Stern of post-invasion ..developments (A. Vardy, M 3); David Owen on.human rights and the 1980 Moscow Olympics (Gregory, L .2:30); "Dalton Booksellers" to open kiosks in Moscow (Bykovsky, NY 3); diminishing growth ,rates in the USSR (Dreyer, NY a); an Armand Hammer interview in The Christian Science Monitor on US-Soviet technical and political contacts (Roitman, M 2:1(1); paraly.P,ed US football . playei to be treated in a Leningral clinic (Bykovsky, NY 2:30); - 8 -

US press comment on the Camp David meeting (L. Dudin, NY 2:30); Soviet opposition to the Sino-Japanese treaty (Matusevich, M 3); unrest in Tran (Perouansky, M 2:30);., growing Soviet influenco in Africa (PredtechevskY, M 7); the conflict between Prance and Pakistan over the 1976 nuclear processing plant agreement (Mirsky, P 3:30); And the new Nobre Da Costa government in Portugal (Henkin, M 2:30).

vr/ JR

NWS COVERAGE these stories in their news- All RFF; Services and R14/HS carried ca:;ts of 25 Aufust 1978: to choose a new Pope. Roman Catholic cardinals are meeting walked out of countries, including the Common Market, Twelve of an attack on Israel. L.N. Cunferene e on Racism 'because thQ transatlantio airliner turned out Thv.iippreht hijacking of a to Lc u hoax. Soviet spies On trial next. U.S. is putting two alleged Whe businessman Jay Crawford will month, and the USSR says American be tried soon. of Kuo-feng flew to Zagreb, capital Chinese Party Chairman Hua welcome of Croatia today, to a the northwust.Yugoslav republic some 200,000- cheering people. from non-party has finished forming, his Portugal'e Premier -designate next will be sworn in early cabinet and a spokesman says it week. that the Carter ad- U.S. there's a row over reports In the procedure to bring the SALT minstration may use an unusual treaty before congress.

have died in a Chinese-Vietnamese '!;ix people are reported to dispute over ethnic Chinese. clash arising from that between rightists and Syrians in More fighting is underway Lebanon. reservists who say they Defense Minister has iebuked "Israel's in 'occupied territory. will not guard Jewish settlements )been detained for a few days in Two foreign journalists have Czechoslovakia. Party has now been asked leader it Iceland's Progressive ***ewe ti try to form a government.

RL/NS did not use this item. 1%). did not use this item. **) The Huncarian and Romanian Services ***) RL/NS did not use this item. . MID MO IMP IMI ESN is rime

RADIO LIBERTY DAILY BROADCAST ANALYSIS NO. 238

(A summary of the news. coverage by the Russian.- language programming appears at the end of the DBA)

(An * next to a program indicates designated for translation).

Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. .238

Saturday, 26 August 1978 ilkfor Romano/4nfrank/Felton

A. SOVIET TOPICS -- POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, SOCI(AL, AND CULTURAL:

1. Genetics. WEEKLY RADIO JOURNAL ON THE SOVIET UNION NO. 230 (Belotserkovsky, M 5) said that the convening of the 14th Inter- national Geneticists' Congress in Moscow shows that much is being done in the USSR to overcome, the lag behind the leading countries in this field; in particular, a speCial session was dedicated to Vavilov. However, while in 1938.a similar congress in Moscow could not be held owing to the arrest of the organizers, the present congress too has suffered on account of political repression and many foreign geneticists, for example, having boy- cotted the congress.

2. Agriculture. WEEKLY RADIO JOURNAL ON THE SOVIET UNION No. 230 (Belotserkovsky, M 6) pointed to the numerous references in the Soviet media, including by top officials and institutions such as the Minister for State Purchases and the RSFSR State Prosecutor's Office, to the unsatisfactory progress of harvest operations due to such factors as insufficient and defective agricultural machinery, inadequate storage and transport facilities, and pilfering; in the latter case, RSFSR Deputy State Prosecutor Trubin warned that cars, motorcycles, etc. used thereby are subject to confiscation. The program quoted writer Georgi Baklanov, who said on Moscow Radio on August 16 that if the billions now invested in agriculture were used in such a way that people would find it to their advantage to work well, these sums would prove adequate.

3. Soviet Coal -Miners' Day was marked on WEEKLY RADIO JOURNAL ON THE SOVIET UNION (Kroncher/Belotserkovsky, M 5:30) with a discussion about the hard and hazardous working conditions of Soviet coal miners based on the following documentation: a) a letter written by 32 coal miners of the Donbass region addressed to Keldysh and -2 -

published in Trud on 14 May 1967; b) a discussion on the health hazards caused by coal dust published in Pravda on 19 May. 1969; and.c) the complaints voiced by Vladimir Klebanov in 1977 (Klebanov was a shift foreman in the Donbass coalmines) that coal miners were forced to work 12 hour shifts instead of 6 to meet production plans and that their fatigue caused accidents. The program pointed out that despite the complaints none of the causes were eliminated.

4. Dissidents and Human. Rights. DOCUMENTS'OF OUR TIME No. 158 (Burshtein, Schlippe, M 28) continued readings, from Punitive 'Medicine by Alexander Podrabinek who was recently sentenced to 'five years internal exile .for publishing the book in the -West on Soviet use of psychiatry against dissidents. These excerpts were repeats from program's broadcast Sept. 17 .and Sept. .18, 1977.

FROM THE OTHER SHORE No. 719 (Fedoseyesia/Tumanov, M 28:30) quoted from an article by Evgeny Svetkov'in Vremya.I My on the late Soviet writer Jury Dombrovsky who spent'many years in prison and internal exile. 4

5. Art. 'CULTURE AND POLITICS .(Golomshtok, L 9). drew attention , to an article by the chief editor of Iskusstvo, Vladislav.Zimenko, in which he attacks US art expert Professor John Bolt for presenting socialist, realism as a romantic illusion and claiming that modern Soviet artists were showing a trend away from socialist realism towards .a more lyrical, contemplative style,

6. A Profile of Russian Poet Philosopher. Vladimir Solovev was. given in NOT BY BREAD ALONE No. 7 (Shmeman, 'NY 9),

B. CROSS -REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF. COMMUNIST AFFAIRS:

1. The Impact of Hua Kuo-feng's Visit in the Balkans was the. topic. discussed in ROUND TABLE TALK-(Perouansky, Shilyaeff, Matusevich, Bensi, M 21). RL panelists analyzed Soviet media's sharp criticism and admonition of the visit and pondered the question whether the USSR might not have overreacted, especially jn its Pravda editorial signed "Observer" which warned that Cooperation with Peking could lead to war.' The panelists noted the strong.psychelogical effect of Hua's visit and registered Soviet unease that Peking has trespassed what many consider is the Soviet sphere of influence in the Balkans.. The program also discussed Soviet bitterness that its attempts to isolate China through its "Asian Collective Security System" has not Only failed but rebounded on them. However, some participants pointed out. that in practical.terms the visits do not represent a direct threat to the USSR since the result will be not military and at most only' marginal eConomic-technological cooperation between China and the two Balkan states. ' -3 -

WORLD THIS WEEK No. 991 (Shilyaeff, NY 6) reviewed Hua KuO-feng's activities in Yugoslavia since his arrival there on August 21, and eummarized the mounting Soviet Unease and criticism of the , visit as expressed in the TASS August 22 And the August 24 Pravda commentary signed "Observer."

2. CZECHOSLOVAKIA ,- TEN YEARS AFTER THE, INVASION .No. 11 (Levin, M 28:30) dealt with events immediately following the invasion. The program noted the hostile attitude of the population to the invaders. Josef Smrkovsky's memoirs were cited on the Moscow negotiations between the Czechoslovak and Soviet leaderships. Soviet pressure to bring about "normalization" was described. .The .program pointed out that the so-called "Brezhnev Doctrine" contention that iwas fOrmulated'after the invasiOn based on the :each communist state had a responsibility to the communist bloc,

WORLD THIS WEEK (Mirsky/Gladilin, P 4) reviewed the reaction in France to the 10th anniversary of the Soviet -led invasion of Czechoslovakia. The program covered'the protet.rallies:marking the occasi6n in Paris And.Marseille4 as well as RL staffer Gladilin's interview with Gorbanevskayar Feinberg and Delone - the three participants of the August 25, 1968. Red Square Demonstration -- . who gathered to commemorate the anniversary in a protest meeting tn front of the Georges Pompidou Cultural Center in Paris.

3. Communist Ideology. CULTURE AND POLITICS (Gorbanevskaya, P 16) reviewed a book by French authors Claudie and -Jacques Broyelle, who both worked for a time in China, entitled The Happiness of Stones.' The book examines the phenomenon of the attractiveness of Maoism and other forms of socialism in leftist circles in the West despite the reality of.lifesin socialist countries. lipINTERNATIONAL POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TOPICS:

1. Some Key Political Events in the US were summarized in WORLD THIS WEEK (Savemark, W 4). 'These included: a) the statement made by .U.S. Chief Arms Negotiator Paul Warnke suggesting that the, SALT ",.Treaty" might be submitted for congressional approval as an "Executive Agreement." The program explained the difference between a formal treaty and an executive agreement and mentioned the sharp criticism from Senate leaders including Robert Byrd who warned that efforts to present the pact as anything but a treaty would guarantee its defeat.; b) the return of a US Congressional delegation from Vietnam and Laos bringing back with them the remains of .15 Americans missing in actiOn in the Indochina war; o) the controVersy. .surrounding Senator George McGovern's statements on Cambodian atrocities; and d) latest official figures on US -USSR and US -Chinese trade turnover for the period 1-30 June 1978. -4-

2. Middle East. WORLD THIS WEEK (Perelman, Isr A) provided Israeli media reaction to Sadat's statements 'that 'he will not enter into any Partial Middle East settlement and covered Israeli press commentary on the peace plan document which is being. worked.out by General Avram Temir. for .Israeli government approval and eventual presentation to the Camp David Summit.

3. The Situation in Nicaragua and the mounting campaign and pressure to oust rightist President'Somoza was the .topic of WORLD THIS WEEK (Predtechevsky, M 3).

D. ..CULTURAL, SOCIAL, AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES:

1. Tasks.Feding.the New Pope were discussed in NOT BY BREAD ALONE No. 7 .(Bensi, M 4)i such-as'Making the administrative apparatus of the Catholic Church more -flexible, liturgical:reform, and . relations with communist countries. In the latter connection, the program was critical of the results of Pope Paill's."quiet diplomacy."

A' Profile of the 4th Century Christian Theologian. Saint Basil the. Great of Caesaria was given in NOT BY BREAD ALONG No. 7 (Drobota, NY 3:30)..

The Raising of' Lazarus -from the Dead wasthe subject of.an item in NOT BY BREAD ALONE No. 7 (Sidorenko, NY 4.).

Religion and Science. NOT BY BREAD ALONE No. 7.(Bishop Nathaniel, NY 3) featured an item which said that the achievement of biologists in the sphere of genetics should not disturb the thoughtful believer, since it testifies to the power which God has given man over the world.

eag/JR

NEWS COVERAGE

1%11 RFE Services and RL/NS carried these stories in their newscasts of 2.0 AllitIM 1978:

The Roman Catholic Church ha a a new Pope John Paul I.

President Carter and other world leaders have welcomed the new Pontiff.

A new government is expected to be named in Iran Sunday.

China and Vietnam have each blamed the other for the most recent incident of border clashes

China and Yugoslavia have signed :a long-term cooperation as Chairman Hua and rreuident Tito continued their foreement lks.

A prominent American businessma.iivith close ties to Moscow says President Brezhnev wants to. neet President Carter once the SALT negotiations are completed.

South Africa announced today that it has completed:its anti- guerrilla operation in Zambia. A U.N. conference on racism ended in a row.early today.over a declaration acousing Israel of developing relations with :;outh Africa and describing the Palestinians as viotimS of racial discrimination. An v;ast German has become the third East European to go into space.

.1 npr mike LaTioralaii ESE En ES&

RADIO LIBERTY DAILY BROADCAST ANALYSIS NO. 239 (A summary of the news coverage by the Russian- language programming appears at the end' of the DBA)

(An * next to a program indicates designated for translation)

Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. 239. for Sunday, 27 August 1978. . .Romano/Einfrank/Riollot

A. SOVIET TOPICS -- POLITICAL, ECDNOMIC, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL:

1. US-Sc&iet Relations. HUMAN RTGHTS, No. 200 (Fedoseyev. M R:30) was pegged to the plight of the Pentecostalists in the US Embassy in Moscow who want to leave the USSR. The program discussed the fate of another religious group which in 1963 unsuccesfully tried to emigrate from the USSR by going to the American Embassy.

2. Belorussia. NATIONALITIES PROBLEM TN. THE WORLD TODAY, No. 37 (Silnitsky, NY 7:30) was the second Of a two part .series discussing the Belorussian Republic's constitution. The author said that at first the Bolsheviks were reluctant to accept the Belorussians as a separate nation with the right to their awn republic, .but Belorussian national conscious- ness eventually forced Moscow to change its position and grant republic status.

3. Soviet Housing Problem. ROUND TABLE TALK (Matusevich, Roitman, and Henkina, M 20) was pegged to an article in Pravda concerning the communal or barracks-type quarters that many Soviet workers must live in. The participants mentioned some of the consequences of these,living quarters drunkeness, crime, and aggresive behavior. Soviet statistics showing the inadequacy of the country's housing construction program were cited.

4. History. FIFTY YEARS AGO, No. 202 (R. Dudin, NY 14) was the second of a two part series diecussing the Soviet Union's sudden reversal of policy in agreeing to sign the Kellog- Briand peace pact of 1928. 9. Stalin. FROM THE OTHER SHORE, No. 720 (Fedoseyeva, M 27) featured reading from an article published in the Israeli - based journal Vremya T My by Faina Baazova, a former Soviet lawyer, concerning pro-Stalinist demonstrations in Georgia in 1956. The demonstrations on the third anniversary of Stalin's death were protesting Khrushchev's anti -Stalin policies.

6. Exile, FROM THE PAGES OF THE RUSSIAN-LANGUAGE.FOREIGN PRESS, No. .104 (Schajovicx, M 11) featured, a' reading from-an article in the West German-based journal Posey by:Boris Vail who received an exile sentence in the USSR In 1970 for his. . dissident activities. Vail compared the TsaristAaractice..of exiling people with the communist practice;..saying.that although hewas not trying to justify TaaristEmethods, exile was amore humane punishment 'under the Tsars than under the communists. He noted that recently Soviet authorities have increasingly resorted to exile sentences to curb dissidents. He said although the conditiOns.under which exiles live in the USSR are not good, their situation is still better than' being ;n a prison', a labor camp or a psychiatric hospital.

7. PHILOSOPHY IN RUSSIA: IDEAS AND PROBLEMS, No. 20 (Piatigorsky, L 16) discussed the philosophy of Semyon Frank and its relationship to socialist ideology._ '

B. CROSS-REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF COMMUNIST AFFAIRS:

1. Hua Kuo-feng in Eastern Europe. PANORAMA (Predtechevsky, M 4) gave the substance of Die 7,eit analysis of the significance of China's political diplomatic offensive and USSR's reaction to Hua's Balkan visits.

CHINA AFTER MAO, No. 29 (Shilaeff,. NY 9:30) discussed the relationship between Peking and ethnic Chinese.whd.live in. - Southeast Asia. The prograM-noted that Peking normally maintained close links with these-Ciiinese but at the 'same time the Chinese government had shown itSelf willing to put its own interests before those Of Chineae living abroad. It was pointed out that while Peking's relations with'Vietnam have deteriorated over the ethnic'. Chinese question, Peking did nothing to protect ethnic Chinese in Cambodia with which. China has good relations.

2. East European Dissidents. The meeting of Polish and Czechoslovak human rights aativists in connection with the anniversary of the invasion of Czechoslovakia was treated by EAST EUROPEAN JOURNAL, No. 72 (pensi, M 7). An article in the Frankfurter Allqemeine Zeitnnq was cited, noting the 3

dissidents had discussed cooperation and condemned the invasion. The program referred to imprisoned East German dissident Rudolph Bahro who wrote in his book The Alternative that.humanrights activists in all.East'European countries should cooperate and that dissidents in the USSR needed support from abroad.

3.. Albania. PANORAMA (Shilaeff, NY 4). discussed the contents. of The Baltimore Sun article by Nicholas Pan dealing with Albania's political isolation as a result of Chines curtailment of all military and economic- aid to that country. The' program reviewed the ideological differences between' China .and Albania which started right after the; "cultural .revolution". and concluded that there 'are few.signs at present pointing'to Albanian leadership. readiness to change the.Stalinist line in. its foreign policy.

4. Hungary. EAST EUROPEAN JOURNAL (S. Vardy, M 7) summing up the results of the first ten years of the Hungarian economic reform, quoted from an interview with Rezso Ners, the director of the Economic Institute of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, published in the Hungarian newspaper Kozgazdasaq and from an article by Academician Tsvan Frisz in the Hungarian journal Valosaq.

S. Poland. EAST EUROPEAN JOURNAL; No. 72 (S. Vardy, M'7) discussed the formation of a Farmers Self-Defense Committee in Poland: The program noted that the private farmers were dissatisfied with the government's linking of pensions to sales of produce to the state, high taxes on' goods sold to the farmers, and the poor system of distribution of. the . .farmer's output.

Q. Yugoslavia. EAST EUROPEAN JOURNAL (Bensi, M 5:30) reported on a discussion which is now taking place. among the Yugoslav party leadership.on7fhe 'role and functions of the party... The debate was touched off by the publication last y-2ar of Edward Kardjel's book on trends in the' System of' socialist self-government: It reaChed a climax .during the 11th YLC Congress in.June this year and is still going on.

7. French CP. PANORAMA (Mirsky, P 4:30) reviewed the cOntents of the Le Monde 24 August article by Jean Elleinstein in which he expressed his stance on the political and ideological differences within the French CP. - 4 -

R. Cambodia. PANORAMA (Gregory, r. 4) discussed The New Statesman account by its Bangkok correspondent describing the plight of the Cambodian people since the communist takeover. in April 1975.

C. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TOPICS:

1. Military. SIGNAL, No. 480._(Predtechevsky, M 12:30) discussed a book The Third World War by a team of British military experts headed by General Sir John Hackett. The book por- trays a hypothetical war situation in the 1980's.involving a Warsaw Pact attack on Western Eurepe which eventually leads to a Pact defeat. An advance copy of RAP paper "On the Razor's Edge" (C.A./21 August) was used as .a source.

D. CUTTURAL, SOCIAL, AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES:

1. Religion. .SUNDAY TALK, No. 1114 (Shmeman,.NY 8) dealt. with the meaning of the feast of the Assumption of the Virgin. Mary.

2. Science. THE FUTURE OF THE PLANET EARTH, No. 276 (Patrushev, NY 10:30) discussed the latest developments in scientific research in areas such as genetics (concerning possible genetic damage caused by occupational hazards), alcoholism, and the development of new sources of energy. The program. also pointed out that the consumption of tranquilizers in the US had fallen due to stricter regulations.

vr/JR

NEWS. COVERAGE

All RFE Services and RL/NS carried these stories in their newscasts of 27 August 1978:

Pope John Paul told the world today he intends .to carry on the moderate reform poligies of his predecessors,' Paul And John

Iran has a new prime minister.

A Soviet -East German cosmonaut crew docked their Soyuz-31 spacecraft today with the manned Salyut -6 space station.

Israeli Premier Begin says he won't be presenting any new plans at the Mideast summit in the U.S. next month.

Chinese Chairman Hua and Yugoslav President Tito agreed today that their countries should continue to develop relations. Israel :iavs Moscow should be deprived of the 1980 Olympics because of human rights violations.

Soviet security police continue their questioning of an. American businessman accused of currency violations. .

Portugal's new cabinet is. to be officially announced Monday.

President Carter is cutting short.his Vacation to-return.to Washington .to deal with domestic problems...

A U.S. congressional delegation,' on its way home from a.visit .to Vietnam, says it will recommend that negotiations be -re-.. Sumed on normalizing relations.

British Foreign Secretary David Owen says there is great risk of full-scale civil war in Rhodesia by the end .of the year. *Film actor Charles Boyer 16-dead.,

*) RL/NS did not use this item. RFE-111.

RADIO LIBERTY DAILY BROADCAST ANALYSIS NO. 240 (A summary of the news coverage by the Russian- language programming appears at the end Of the DBA)

(An * next to a program indicates designated for translation)

Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. 240 for Monday, 28 August 1978 Felton/Romano/Riollot

A. SOVIET TOPICS -- POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL:

1. Soviet-US Relations. NEW YORK REPORT (Bykovsky, NY 4:30) was devoted to the case of US businessman Francis Crawford, now awaiting trial in Moscow on a charge of currency speculation. The program drew especial attention to the link with Soviet UN employees Rudolf Chernyayev and Valdik Enger, and noted that the Carter Administration has already turned down an exchange proposal by Soviet Ambassador Dobrynin. Crawford was quoted -that a certain Leonid Popov has been appointed as his defense counsel; Popov is said to have been the defense counsel for Anatoli Filatov, subsequently sentenced to death for espionage. The program referred to the view in diplomatic circles that the Soviet pressure on Crawford and the haste in bringing him to trial is motivated by a fear that Chernyayev and Engel could give away other KGB agents in the UN. They could also, however, ask for political asylum in the US.

2. Foreign -Policy. NOTE (Matusevich, M 4;30) disagreed, in so far as the matter concerned Romania, with the Politburo's assessments of the unity displayed in the Crimean meetings. The program contrasted the Politburo's positive assessment of Soviet' foreign policy successes 'with one made by. Robert,. Kaiser in The International Herald Tribune published the same day.. The program, however, took issue with Kaiser's assertion that the Politburo statement indicates hostility toward the West. Rather, the program continued, the. 'Statement appears to suggest that the Soviet!, feeling threatened.in their relations with China, are looking for improved relations with the West. 3. Agriculture.. The recent decision of the USSR Council of Minitters,to increase the official price for.rye and buckwheat was seen in NOTE (KrOncher, M 6) as a.sign of a seriout lag . in the fdlfilIment of plans for state deliveries by collective farms. It was recalled that, according to a July .CC Plenum decision, the price increase was. expected to take place only on 1.jenuary 1979. In conclusion, the program raised the question whether this measure can remedy the damage caused - .to this sector of the Soviet agriculture by the lack of:.. material incentive for collective, farm workers at a result... of faulty.price policies over the pest decades.

4. Rural Conditions. MAN ON THE EARTH, No. 200 (Popovsky, NY 9:30), based on materialfrom Selskava Zhizn, pointed to the intolerable living and working conditions for teachers and other professional people in rural areas, resulting in the strong reluctance of these people to go to such areas.

5. The Karpov-Korchnoi Duel. NOTE (Vladimirov, M 4:30) discussed Korchnoi's latest defeat, which puts him 1-4 behind. The program noted Korchnci's protest that he was being distracted by the presence cf a Soviet psychologist and hypnotist, Dr. Zukhar, who is always in the playing hall, although he is known to have no Chess connection.

6. Dissidents and Human Rights. DOCUMENTS OF OUR TIME, No. 159 (Burstein and Schlippe, M 27:30) was devoted to Alexander Podrabinek, who waS recently tried and sentenced to 5 years' internal exile for publishing his book Punitive Medicine. The book exposed the Soviet Union's abuse of psychiatry for political purposes. This program featured a.RERUN of excerpts from the 19 September 1.977 readings from Podrabinek's Punitive Medicine.

7. ZinovieV. . PARIS REPORT .(MirSky, M 4:30) gave the high-- lights of an interview giveq_lw Alexander Zinoviev, the. author of.Yawning Heights, to_the Paris journal Le Point. Zinoviev said he would have written this book even if he knew he ,were to be shot for it, and described it as the result of a vow he made in his youth to describe the reality surrounding him. .He spoke of. his writings on religion, and said that while the dissidents in the USSR have played .a. significant role in the sense that they have aroused many people's conscience, it would be an illusion. to think that they could bring about a transformation of the regime, which was donceiVable only in a new historic era or at the result of a major.catastrophe.. 8. The Theater. THROUGH THE EYES OF A CRITIC AND SPECTATOR, No. 74 (Igoshina, P 9:30) reviewed a play by Aleshin, a successful Soviet playwright published in the June issue of the journal Teatr. The play, which is now on in a Moscow theater, was found mediocre and lacking in dramatic qualities.

9. Stalin. FROM THE OTHER SHORE, No. 721 (Fedoseyeva, M-21:30) concluded the reading of an article published in the Israeli Russian-language journal Vremva I My. by Faina Baazova, a former Soviet.lawyer and historian, concerning pro-Stalinist demonstrations in Georgia in 1956 on the third anniversary of Stalin's death. .The demonstrations were in' protest of. KhruShchev's anti-Stalinist policies.

B. CROSS-REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF COMMUNIST AFFAIRS:

1. Hua Kuo-fenq's Visit to Romania and .Yucicislavia. PRESS REVIEW (Bensi, Vovchok, and Matusevich, M 530) quoted The Times, The Economist, the Arbeid,u-blad (Norway), and. the Neue Zuercher Zeitunq. -

2. The GDR. NOTE (Roitman, M 8) gave the substance of an article by John Dornberg in The Washington Star pointing out an increase of the time devoted to military training in East German. schools during the next academic year starting 1 September.

3. Poland. EAST EUROPEAN TESTIMONIES, No. 112 (Gorbanevskaya, P 14) concluding a review of the contents of, the fifth issue of Zapis, a Polish samizdat journal, focused on a.short story by Tadeusz Kozniewski, a young Polish writer. The story is the first known work published by this author.

C. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TOPICS:

1. US-Vietnamese Relations. WASHINGTON REPORT, No. 1314 (Savemark,'W 4) gave the substance of The Baltimore Sun's editorial of 25 August which dealt with the possible normalization of US-Vietnamese relations and Vietnam's shift in policy as a result of China's diplomatic offensive.

2. McGovern and Cambodia. NEW YORK REPORT, Mo. 994 (Shilaeff, NY 4:30) discussed the controversy surrounding Senator George McGovern's statements on 21 August suggesting that an international force might have to be created to intervene in - 4 -

Southeast Asia to prevent "genocide" in Cambodia. The program noted that the US State Department dissociated itself from McGovern's proposals to resolve the terrible human rights situation in Cambodia by military force.

3. Iran. NOTE (Bensi, M 4:30) discussed the appointment of Iran's new Premier Sharif-Emami, and the task that the new government faces in taming the militant Moslem opposition to the Shah.

4. The New Pontiff-- John Paul 7-- And His First Pronouncement As Pope outlining his "program" for the future, was discussed in NOTE (Bensi, M 5:30).

5. The Industrial and Technical "Colonization" of Space by the Great Powers, and objections to this by the third-world countries, was the subject Of MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS, No. 330 (Predtechevsky, M 6).

D. CULTURAL, SOCIAL, AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES:

1. Philosophy. SPECIAL FEATURE (Henkin, M 5) reported on the opening of the 16th World Philosophy Congress by West German President Walter Scheel in Duesseldorf. The Soviet delegation to the congress is the second largest after the West German delegation.

2. Anti-Drought Measures in US Agriculture were the subject of an item in MAN ON THE EARTH, go. 200 (Popovsky, NY 5).

3. Cultural Items. CULTURAL CHRONICLE (Orlov, NY 5:30) featured items on: an interview by George Balanchine in The New York Times on Petipa;.a "violin house in Philadelphia; Parlem Week in New York; and open-air concerts in New York.

SPECIAL FEATURE (Zinik, L 11:30) reviewed Phillip Magdalany's play Boo Hoo staged at the Open Space Theater in London. Theater producer Charles Marowitz was said to have been in- fluenced by Stanislavsky's ideas in his staging of the play.

PRESS REVIEW (Bensi, Vovchok, and Matusevich, M 5:30) was featured in B-1. WORLD TODAY (Fedoseyev, M 59:30) featured programming on the following topics: Pope John Paul I's fir0t speech (Bensi, M 3:30);a profile of the new Pontiff (Fedoseyev and Bensi, M 7); the CPSU Politburo links SAT and.arms sales to China (Matusevich,' M 3:30); John Dornberg on "Militariam in East German Schools" (Roitman, M.2); the International Philosophy .Congress in Duesseldorf .(Henkin, 11.3:30); the new Iranian . government (Bensi, M 2:30); increased grain prices in the USSR (Kroncher, M 3); The Baltimore Sun On'Hanoi's position .in the conflict with the pilc (Savemark, W.3).; world press comment on Hua Kuo-feng'S.visit to Romania and Yugoslavia (Bensi, Vosichok, and Matusevich, M 5:30).; and the. Karpov-. Korchnoi duel (Vladimirov, M. 3:30).

vr JR

NEWS COVERAGE

All RFE Services and RUNS carried these stories in their newscasts Of 28 August 1978:

Hua Kuofeng of China and Yugoslavia's President Tito say Hua's visit has been a turning point in relations.

President Antonio Ramalho Eanes today formally appointed Alfredo Nobre da Costa as. Portugals new Prime Minister.

Iran's new government hai ended a ban on most political H parties, and more than a dozen opposition groups have declared they will operate Openly.

Pope John Paul today reappointed the .officials.who had held top Vatican posts -under the late pope Paul..

'Hanoi radio'says Vietnam earlier this Month seized six Chinepi ships which it.alleges violated Vietnamese. waters. Lebanese Christians and Syrian troops of the Arab Leaguespeace force battled each other again today in Beirut.

American businessman Jay Crawford, alleged by Soviet authorities to have dealt :illegally in.money,changing,,today spent several hours going over the evidence with his Russian lawyer. .

Guerrillas in Spain killed four policemen today in separate attacks.

The World Swimming Federation has stripped a Soviet athlete of - his medal for taking drugs and-has.xejected Soviet protests, ROLMOS: :Si

RADIO LIBERTY DAILY BROADCAST 'ANALYSIS NO. 241 (A summary of the news coverage by the Russian- language programming. appears at the end of the DBA)

(An * next to a program indicates designated for translation)

Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. :241 for Tuesday, 29 August 1978 Felton/Romano/Einfrank/Riollot

A. SOVIET TOPICS -- POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL:

1. The Soviet-Chinese-American Triangle. WASHINGTON REPORT (Savemark, W 3:30) was pegged to a Soviet Politburo statement warning the West against supplying arms to China, and containing the implied' threat that this would endanger arms control negotiations. The program pointed out that Washington had made clear it did not want to play off China and the USSR against each other. The program also said that there was no question of the US supplying armsl to China.

2. Dissidents and Human Rights. PARIS REPORT (Mirsky, P 4:30) gave the substance of the Le Monde account by.its.Moscow correspondent Daniel Vernet that three petitions on behalf Of' imprisoned Soviet. dissidents are being circulated at the current International Genetics Congress. in Moscow. The program gave details of the texts of the appeals and mentioned that similar protests on behalf of Orlov and Shcharansky took, place at the International Mathematicians' Congress in Helsinki; The program further noted that the Komsomolskaya Pravda account of the Genetics Congress naturally made no. reference to the French scientists' petitions on behalf of Soviet dissidents in general and Sergei Kovalev in particular.

3. Philosophy. NOTE (A. Vardy, M 4:30) pointed out that many of the Soviet papers submitted' to the ongoing 16th World Philosophy Congress in Duesseldorf are devoted to the philosophical problems posed by research in biology, especially - 2 -

genetics and microbiology. It was noted that, in contrast to their Western colleagues, Soviet philosophera and scientists claim that the personality is determined primarily ' by social, as opposed to biological factors. The program. observed that Soviet biologists continue to trY and: demonstrate the superiority. of Soviet biology over its "bourgeois counterpart. Many' of those responsible: for the damage ddne to Soviet biology in the 1930s to 1950s are among the participants in the present Congress. The program pointed out that while Soviet philosophers remain watchdogs over the conformity of Soviet science with patty requirements,. in his opening speech at the Congress, FRG President Walter Scheel spoke of the:dogmaticedieval".attitude Of convinced communists to the truth. .

4. Society. In THE YOUNG WRITER AND THE SYSTEM, No. 1 (Yurenen, P 12:30), a former Soviet writer described the venality and corruptness of the official Soviet literary scene, with its system of privileges and kick-backs.

5. The Media. WRITERS AT THE MICROPHONE (Gladilin, P 12) gave tips on how to read between' the lines in the Soviet press. After noting the importance of the placing of an item and the type in which it is ?rinted, the program quoted passages from an article in Komsomolskaya Pravda constituting admissions of the terrorist regime'of the (socialist) Cambodian leaders, and the conflict between (socialist) Vietnam and the PRC.

6. Agriculture. PARIS REPORT (Gladilin, P4:30) -focused on an article in Literaturnaya Gazeta on the perennial crisis in the USSR surrounding the potato harvest operations, for which workers, intellectuals, and students from the cities are mobilized, the effect of their labors, however, being modest due, for example, to such facts as that they only have primitive implements such as spades at their disposal. The program contrasted this with the situation in France, where no one talks about the harvest, but potatoes are plentifully available all the year round.

7.. Alcoholism. NOTE (Roitman, M 4), pegged to a: Moscow Radio statement by Deputy.Interior'Minister:Viktor Popukhin directly linking juvenile delinquency with alcoholism, gave some facts and figures showing the high ,percentage. of young people who drink, and who moreover make their first acquaintance with alcohol at home. 88 percent of all'offenses committed . by minors take place under the influence of alcohol. The program Suggested that it would be 'an exaggeration to suppose. that the state is directly interested in having the population drink, since the losses produced.by drunkenness have long been exceeding the revenue from alcohol sales. -At the same time, from 1973 to 1976 alcohol sales rose by 20 percent, and the number of stores selling alcohol by 80 percent. The attempt by top officials to blame.juvenile delinquency on the school, the home, etc., thus appear hypocritical.

8. History. DO YOU REMEMBER? No. 60 (Pylayev, M 8:30) recalled the First Organizational Congress of the Union of Soviet Writers in August 1934, noting Bukharin's criticimm of "proletarianfl'art, Gorky's advocacy Of socialist realism and the "brigade method of writing, and veteran Bolshevik Yaroslavsky's eulogy of Stalin as an example of revolutionary heroism. The program said that while Karl Radek expressed hopes of the day when an "international congress of the Union of Soviet Writers" would be held, since then Soviet literature's contacts with international literature have made little progtess.

LONDON REPORT (Gregory, M 3:30) reported on a series being carried by British television on "Stalin, the Red Tsar." A review of the series in The Times ('London) was quoted.

9. The Emigre Press. FROM THE OTHER SHORE, No. 722 (Fedoseyeva, M 28:30) featured a reading of a story by Felix Kandel, who arrived in Israel from the USSR in 1977, entitled "Sunday -- a Day of Joy" published in the 29th issue of the Israeli Russian-language journal Vremya I My.

B. CROSS-REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF COMMUNIST AFFAIRS:

1. Hua Kuo-fenq's Visit to Romania and Yugoslavia. NOTE (Bensi, M 4:30), in a wrapup of Hua's visit to Yugoslavia, noted that there was no joint communique, probably because Yugoslavia did not want to offend the USSR with any statement' condemning "hegemonism." The program pointed out that in a speech during the visit Hua did condemn "Hegemonism," however, the Chinese code-word for the USSR. The program noted that the Yugoslav-Chinese talks apparently went well.

PRESS REVIEW (Bensi and Fedoseyev, M 5) quoted The Christian Science Monitor, The New York Times, the Frankfurter Allqe- meine Zeitunq, and Die Welt. 2. The Finnish CP. In connection with the Soviet media's selective reporting on the Finnish CP, NOTE (Matusevich, M 6:30) discussed the disunity and deep differences within the Finnish CP between Aarne Saarinen's "Eurocommunist" majority and the, orthodox "Stalinist" minority of Taisto Sinisalo.

. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TOPICS:

1. The Middle East. NOTE (Fedoseyev, M 4). pointed to the. warning by Israeli parliamentarians Moshe Arend And, Yigal Allon that if Syrian continued their attack against Lebanese Christians, Israel. could be forcedto intervene. In this connection, they accused Syria of exploiting the .Camp David summit. The program pointed.out that Israel and Syria are both afraid of the Lebanon becoming an appendage of the other.

2. US Relations With the PRC and Vietnam. NEW YORK REPORT (Shilaeff, NY 5) quoted from an article in The Washington Post by Don Oberdorfer which said that both China and Vietnam were trying to establish good relations with the United States.

3. US Relations With Vietnam and Laos. NEW YORK REPORT (Storozhenko, NY 3). discussed the.visitof a US Congressional delegation in Vietnam and Laos and cited statements made in Honolulu by some delegation members that they will strongly recommend that the US resume normalization talks with these countries.

4. Southeast Asia. NEW YORK REPORT (Muslin, NY 5) gave the substance of an article by Joy Matthews in The Washington Post noting the present close cooperation among the previously quarrelling non-communist countries of Southeast Asia, and the discord, on the other hand, among the communist countries in the region. Ten years ago, during the Vietnam war, the situation was the reverse.

5. PRC-Japanese Relations. NEW YORK REPORT (Shilaeff, NY 3:30) gave the substance of a report by the Tokyo corres- .pondent of Thes'New York Times, Henry Scott-Stokes, that the PRC has approached the Japanese Export-Import Bank for development loans. This is seen in japan as signifying the PRC's departure from Mao's "self-reliance" policy. 6. Iceland. NOTE (Matusevich, M 2:30) discussed the three- months' old government crisis in Iceland in connection with statements made by Ludvik Josefsson, the head of Iceland's pro-communist People's Alliance Party, who blamed the US, Norway and NATO for his failure to form a new government.

7. The Election of Pope John Paul I. PRESS REVIEW (Bensi and Fedoseyev, M 5) quoted L'Avvenire, The Baltimore Sun. and The New York Times.

8. France. PARIS REPORT (Ryser, P 4) noted the continuation of the go-slow by French air traffic controllers, and gave background on the dispute.

9. Argentina. COMMUNISM AND GUERILLAS IN LATIN AMERICA, No. 15 (Kushev, L 7:30) discussed terrorism in Argentina, saying that persons who were victims of governmental repression were often in fact terrorists. An article in The Buenos Aires Herald was extensively quoted.

D. CULTURAL, SOCIAL, AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES:

1. Working Mothers in Western Europe was the subject of MODERN WOMAN, No. 66 (Gordin, M 7:30), which focused on the specific example of the FRG, where as of January 1979 paid maternity leave for working mothers is being extended to half a year after childbirth. The author noted that in the USSR maternity leave consists of 56 calendar days before and 56 days after birth; a possible extension up to One year is not paid for. The author pointed out, however, that Soviet women are reluctant to have children because most of .them cannot afford to lose one year's earnings, and according to Soviet demographers, this situation is one of the main causes of the falling birth rate.

2. Prison Labor in the US was the subject of CONTRIBUTION TO THE RADIO JOURNAL ABROAD, No. 70 (Storozhenko, M 8). The program noted a prisoner, could earn as much as ten thousand dollars in a year. It also noted a scheme useaby some prisons to allow inmates to work in firms outside the prison.walls but to return to their cells after work.

3. Literary Items. BOOKS, JOURNALS, AND IDEAS, No. 186 (Kafanova, NY 10:30) reviewed the latest book by Harvard University Professor Barrington Moore entitled Iniustice: The Social Basis Of Obedience And Revolt. 4. Partv-Givinq in Britain was the subject of MODERN BRITAIN, No. 50 (Kuznetsov and Floyd, L 11:30). It was said that a party in Britain is not an excuse to get drunk. The program noted the contrasting situation in the USSR where such social events were marked by heavy drinking.

PRESS REVIEW. (Bensi and Fedoseyev, M. 10) was featured in ' B-1 (Bensi and FedOseyev, M 5) and 0-7 (Bensi and Fedoseyev, M 5).

WORLD TODAY (Predtechevsky, M 59:30) featured programming on the following topics: the Israeli warning to Syria over Syrian attacks against Christians in the Lebanon (Fedoteyev, M 1;30); the Soviet representation at the 16th International Philosophy Congress in Duesseldorf (A. Vardy, M 3); discord in the Finnish CP (Matusevich, M 2:30); the first organization congress of the USSR Writers; Union in 1934 (Pylayev, M 3); venality in the Soviet literary world (Yurenen, P 2:30); reading between the lines in the Soviet press (Gladilin, P3); the British.TV series "Stalin -- the Red Tsar" (Gregory, L 2:30); party-giving in England (Kuznetsov and Floyd, L 4); alcoholism and juvenile deliquency in the USSR (Roitman, M 2:30); and Hua Kuo-feng's visit to Yugoslavia (Bensi, M 2).

vr/JR

01.14.44,14117.6 1'11 RFE Services and RIA/NS- carried these stories in their newscasts of 29 Aufrust 1976:

China's Hua Kuo-feng is irl'Iren. Soviet and Yugoslav media hr,lre traded words over his just -ended visit' to Yugoslavia. The government of Nicaragua says it has foiled a conspiracy aim%..d at toppling the regime of President -Antonio:SoMaz4.. Portugal's President Antonio. Ramaiho'lanes today swore in the . non-partisan cabinet of new Prime flinister'Alfredo Nobre:da Costa. L leading Iranian opposition group wants the secret police dis- Lmided and political prisoners released, A.U.N -panel is to study allegations. of Cambodian atrocities.. Vietnam has levelled some new Charges, against China' as their dispute. over 'ethnic 'Chinese continues.

The new popehas decided to begin his reign with. none of' the traditional pomp* and ceremony. -

Denmark is going to get a new. government.

In Lebanon, President Elias Sarkis met today with a leader of 'the rightwing Christian militia than effort to halt the new figbting between the militia and Syrian troops.

The Egyptian Foreign Ministry today completed drafting the' working paper to be presented by President.Sadat at next week's Middle East summit. '

Japan's Export -Import Bank says China manto.to.take direct commerical loans from it Tor the first time.

A group of Soviet citizens who have.refUied for weeks to leave the American Embassy in Moscow have. been given the use of a small apartment there.

There was more violence in Spain this morning. , Two bombs were thrown at police stations but no One was injured. RADIO LIBERTY DAILY BROADCAST ANALYSIS NO. -242 (A summary of the news coverage by the Russian- language programming appears at the end of the DBA)

(An* next to a program indicates designated for translation)

Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No, 242 for Wednesday, 30 Aggust 1978 Felton/Romano/Einfrank

A. SOVIET TOPICS -.- POLITICAL,,ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL:

1. Soviet-US.Relations. MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS, No. 332 (BeloborodoV, NY 6:30) focused on the recommendation by the US Atlantic Council that talksbe immediately started with the USSR on the limitation of intermediate weapons'system, such as the Soviet SS-20 missile and the Backfire bomber,. which fall neither under the SALT nOr the MFR talks.

NEW YORK REPORT (Bykovsky, NY 4) discussed the report of the US Arms Control and Disarmament Agency which said that the US could effectively retaliate against a Soviet first strike in the 1980's in spite of contrary statements by some American critics of a new SALT agreement.

WASHINGTON REPORT (Beloborodov, W 6:30) discussed a statement by Eugene Rostcw, of the Committee on the Present Danger, criticizing what Rostow and the committee consider are in- adequacies in the SALT-II agreement as it is presently being negotiated.

NEW YORK REPORT (Bykovsky, NY 5) discussed an article in The Baltimore Sun by Moscow correspondent Harold Piper about his experiences during the slander suit brought against.him.and- his newspaper.by Soviet television officials.

PROBLEMS OF SOVIET-AMERICAN RELATIONS, No. 15 (R. DUdin, NY 9:30) continued a discussion on the adverse effects that Cuban involvement in Africa has had onUS-Soviet relations. The program notedthat Cuba. is serving Soviet interests Africa, and. that Congress as well as the White House has reacted in a,strongly negative fashion. 2

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY TODAY, No. 189 (Muslin, NY 14) featured an interview with Mark Kuchment, a former researcher at the Institute of the History of Science and Technology of the Soviet Academy of Sciences. Kuchment, who is now engaged in similar work at Harvard, said scientific exchanges between the USSR and the US are necessary to create better understanding between people in the two countries.

2. Soviet-Yugoslav Relations. NOTE (FedOseyev, M 4) drew attention to the PASS statement POmplaining that in the. final communique issued at .the end of Hua Kuo-feng's visit to Yugoslavia no mention was made of such matters as strenghen- ing the detente process, PRC..and Yugoslav -relations' with other socialist countries,. etc, * . The program pladed this in the general context of previous displeasure by. the Soviet leadership over the YugoSlav_leadership,-and quoted Tanjug'S reply that "it is extremely strange and unprecedented for a news agency to dictate to a .s.overeign state what .questions. it should concern itsel with in its negotiations."

3. Dissidents and Human Rights. DOCUMENTS OF OUR TIME, No. 160 (Burstein and Schlippe, M 29) continued to feature a RERUN of readings (23 September 1977 and 25 September 1977) from Alexander Podrabinek's book Punitive Medicine. Podrabinek . was recently sentenced to 5.years internal exile for publishing this book in the West. Punitive Medicine exposed Soviet abuse of psychiatry for political purposes.

MAN HAS THE RIGHT, No. 70 (Fedoseyev, M 2) said the use of "pharmacological torture' against dissidents in the USSR contravenes Article 5 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.

4. The Ruble. NOTE (Predtechevsky, M1 ) gave the substance of an article in the FRG economics journal Bandelsblatt which says that while the USSR State Bank's conversion rates for the ruble are in sharp contradiction to the ruble's purchasing power, the system works because the relation- ships between foreign currencies as expressed in rubles are realistic, and deals with Western firms are not conducted in rubles, and prices in trade with Comecon countries are calculated on the basis of world prices.

5. Literature. FROM THE OTHER SHORE, No. 723 (Fedoseyeva, M 29:30) featured the slightly abridged text of a review by Felix Svetov, published in the12.3rdissue of the Vestnik Russkoqo Khristianskoqo Dvizheniva,-of the last novel of Yuri Dombrovsky, who died recently, in Moscow, entitled The Department for Useless Things. Sports. NOTE (Vladimirovi M 4:30) discussed the. case of Soviet swimmer Victor .KUznetsov, who was 'deprived of his' bronze medal at the World Swimming ChampionshiriSin. West Berlin for taking anabolic steroids'. The program discussed the Serious problem of the use of drugs and hormones' in sports and their harmful effects on the health of athletes. It was' noted that in recent weeks doping has .resulted in, quite a few disqualifications in .World cycling, 'swimming, etc. championships. The program pointed out,that the strong Soviet protest, which was rejected by.the Inter- national Amateur Swimming 'Federation,' does not really help the solution of the drug, problem in sports.

7. Recreational Facilities. LONDON REPORT (Gregory, L 3) discussed the case of a British firm which hopes to sell discotheque equipment to the USSR in connection with providing recreational facilities for tourists as well as residents during the 1980 Olympics. The program said that discotheques could help to reduce juvenile delinquency in the USSR by giving Soviet young people an outlet for their energies.

B. CROSS-REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF COMMUNIST AFFAIRS:.

1. Hua Kuo-feng's Visit to Romania, Yugoslavia and Iran. PRESS REVIEW (Vovchok and Bensi, M 5) quoted comments on the visit and its Soviet aspect in The Times (London), The Financial Times, Le Figaro, Le Matin, and Die Welt.

2. The PRC. MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS, No. .332 (Shilaeff, NY 1:30) .gave the substance of an article by the 'Tokyo correspondent ' of The New York Times,' Henry Scott-Stokes, which' was published by the newspaper's .news service and. is based on statements by high PRC officials, to Japanese corteSpondents in Peking. The article speaks of a process of "de-idolization" of.Mao Tse- Tung,who while continuing to be respected, is now regarded as an 'ordinary human being who was fallible and had both good and bad qualities.

3. Sino-Vietnamese Relations. NEW YORK REPORT (Shilaeff, NY 3:30) discussed worsening relations between Vietnam and China.

4. Vietnam. NEW YORK REPORT (Zickerman, NY 3:30) discussed the experiences of two former South Vietnamese officers who spent two years as prisoners in a Vietnamese reindoctrination 4 -

camp after the 1975 communist takeover. The program was based on The New York Times account by Henry Kamm who interviewed the two former officers after their escape to Bangkok.

5. Czechoslovakia. PARIS REPORT (Salkazanova, P 6:30) reported on an interview in Paris Match conducted by French CP ideologist Jean Elleinstein with Jiri Pelikan, former head of Czechoslovak television during the "Prague Spring." Pelikan said the 1968 Prague, liberalization program was unique in that it was an attempt to construct a socialist system not based on the Soviet model. The program noted that l'Humanite had recently carried an article condemning the Soviet invasion.

6. Romania. SPECIAL FEATURE (A. Vardy, M 3) reported on a statement by the Amnesty International branch in Austria claiming that it has information that 30 Romanian citizens are imprisoned because of their political views and that some of them have been put in psychiatric clinics.

C. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TOPICS:

1. Portugal. NOTE (Bensi, M 4:30) reviewed the political situation in Portugal following the formation of a new government headed by Alfredo Nobre da Costa, noting that all still depends on whether the parliament will accept the program which the new non-party premier should present within nine days of the formation of his government.

2. Nicaragua. WASHINGTON REPORT (Savemark, W 5) discussed the situation in Nicaragua, characterized by amounting campaign and pressure to oust President Somoza. The program provided voice cuts of President Somoza's news conference in which he reiterated that he will not resign because to do so would mean a Marxist takeover. One of the country's opposition leaders, Adolfo Calero, was cited that Somoza has lost credibility and can no longer effectively govern the country. The program also noted the US State Department spokesman's statement that he was not aware of Somoza's plans to come to the US to seek assistance.

3. Denmark's New _Government, with the ruling Social Democrats joining in a coalition with opposition liberals, was analyzed in NOTE (Matusevich, M 3).

-5

PRESS REVIEW (Bensi, M 2) quoted comments on the formation of the new coalition government in Denmark in the Sued- deutsche Zeitung and Svenska Dagbladet.

D. CULTURAL, SOCIAL, AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES:

1. The 16th World Philosophy Congress in Duesseldorf was the subject of SPECIAL FEATURE (Henkin, M 6:30) by RL's special correspondent. Some 1500 philosophers, including an important Soviet delegation, are attending the Congress, which will last until September 2.

2. 'AMERICAN HUMOR, No. 35 (Konson,. NY 3) continued to* feature a sampling of anecdotes culled .6 from the US press.

3. Somerset Maugham. SPECIAL FEATURE (George Mikes, Mb) presented a profile of the late British writer using new material just published in Britain.

PRESS REVIEW (Vovchok and Bensi, M 7) was featured in B-1 (Voychok and Bensi, M 5) and C-3 (Bensi, M 2).

WORLD TODAY (L. Machlis, M 59:30) featured programming on the following topics: Sino-Vietnamese relations (Shilaeff, NY 3); former South Vietnamese officers describe conditions in communist prison camps (Zuckerman, NY 3); the French air traffic controllers' strike (Ryser, P 3:30); the situation in Nicaragua (Savemark, W 3); the new Portuguese government (Bensi, M 3); Soviet representation at the International Philosophy Congress in Duesseldorf (Henkin, M 3:30); the de-idolization of Mao Tse-Tung (Shilaeff, NY 3); Piper on his trial in Moscow (Bykovsky, NY 3:30); the report of the US Committee on the Present Danger (Beloborodov, W 3:30); and an appeal on behalf of dissidents at the World Genetics Congress in Moscow (Mirsky, P 3).

v r/ SL

N418 CAMWE

,Jiqi1.; ::ervices sod RL/US carried these ntorics in their or 30 Au-ust 1978:

CArter says he would be reluctant to station Axerican troops in thf, Middle East to guarantee a peace settlement - but L* cid not completely rule out the possibility.

1)ortn from :Israel sav Premier Begin today passcd on renewed ....:rnings to Svri., against trying .to wipe out the right-wing ristians in Lebanon. ;1nofficial reports from WashingtOn.say.theb:Se. government is anot,ter look at a business deal which would proVidethe viet Union with .sophisticated oil-drilling:equipment.

In Nicaragua air force planes have bombed the northern city of rntaralpa - scene of clashes between troops and anti-government demonstrators.. . A laliSh airliner has been hijacked to West Berlin.

Wiinesd'leadtr Rua Kuo-feng has met:with the Shah of Iran.

Vli,inam has issued a formal warning to China over their border dispute.

A U.S. government study says Soviet nuclear capability will be about the same as America's by. 1985,

West German officials are investigating to.see-if they have another fly case on their hands.

-i.ortocalcs Center Democrats claim the CommuniSts have an in- direct presence in.the new government.' .

'Denmark's new coalition has unveiled nome tough economic measures.

;puth Africa and. Angola have agreed on a prisoner swap.

ome Western deleates at. academic conferences in the USSR and Went.Germany.have raised the plight .of.nome of their non- .conformist colleagues.

Th,i, U.S. dollar dropped aiin on ,world monny Markets this another . morning alter yesterday's announcement.from Vashington .of big foreign trade deficit.

glripnoabmwal a ula in Earn

RADIO LIBERTY DAILY BROADCAST ANALYSIS NO. 243

(A summary of the news coverage by the Russian - language programming appears at the end of the DBA.)

' (An * next to a program indicates designated for translation.)

Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis No. 243

for Thursday, 31 August 1978 Felton/ROmano/Einfrank/Riollot

A. SOVIET TOPICS -- POLITICAL, EdoNomic, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL:

1 Soviet -US Relations NEW YORK REPORT (Muslin, NY 3) was devoted to controversy within the Carter Administration over the sale of oil -drilling equipment to the USSR, a question which now evidently requires the President's personel intervention. In particular, the Defense Department feels that the equipment could be used for military purposes, and will improve the USSR's position on the international oil market to the detriment of the US. Also against the deal are Henry Jackson and Kissinger, while some White House staffers fear that Congress might not give its approval to a new SALT agreement.

WASHINGTON REPORT (Beloborodov, W 3:30) outlined an article by former Senator J. William Fulbright urging the Carter Administration to make efforts to overcome difficulties in Soviet -American relations and to conclude a SALT -II agreement.

NEW YORK REPORT (Gendler, NY 4:30) summarized an article in The Washington Post by John Goshko which said there were differences between the State Department and the Justice Department on dealing with the problem of Soviet espionage in the US.

2. The USSR, the PRC and Southeast Asia. PRESS REVIEW (Fedoseyeva, M 1:30) quoted The Times (London, David Bonavia), that the PRC suspects the USSR of trying to involve her in frontier conflicts with Vietnam and Laos. 3. The USSR and South Africa. According to a SPECIAL FEATURE

(Dreyer, NY 11) a long period of troubles in South Africa leading to a decline of the production of gold, platinum and diamcnd in that country would serve the economic as well as the political interests of the Soviet Union. A ,decline in production ,would mean a decline in South Africa's world market share. This in turn would profit the Soviet Union which is the largest producer of the above-mentioned minerals together with South Africa.

4. Soviet -Norwegian Relations. NOTE (Matusevich, M 2:30) pointed to the Norwegian Foreign Ministry's protest against Spitzbergen the USSR's installing a m6bile radar station on without requesting permission from the Norwegian authorities. Norwegian The program noted previous Soviet efforts to erode sovereignty on Spitzbergen, and quoted Secretary of State or in the Norwegian Defense Ministry Hoist that no pressure threats would force Norway to accept any kind of joint Soviet -Norwegian domination in the Barents Sea or on Spitz- bergen.

5. Foreign Trade. PRESS'REVIEW (Feodseyeva, M 1) quoted Soviet The Financial Times on an increase this year in the foreign trade deficit.

article by 6. Education. MITE (A. Vardy, M 6) based on an the the Moscow correspondent of The Baltimore Sun, discussed curri- introduction of practical production experience in the year at of general education schoear in the new school ctila The the expense of matPrial in the regular academic progrP..m. progya.m referred to critical comments by.parents repOrted by Radio Moscow.

pegged to a 7. Publishing. NarE (Predtechevsky, M 4:30) was stress Pravda article calling upon the publishing industry to

quality rather than quantity in output. The program contrasted put out in the huge amount of party and propagandistic literature

the USSR with the shortage of literary work and textbooks.

In this connection, the program pointed to a chronic paper shortage in the USSR.

(Salkazanoya, 8. Dissidents and Human Rights. PARIS REPORT Moscow P 5:30) gave the substance of the report by Le Monde's correspondent Daniel Vernet, who cited an open letter written by Sergei Kovalev's son to the 14th International Genetics Congress in Moscow. The letter disclosed that imprisoned

dissident biologist Sergei Kovalev has been given an additional he was six-months prison sentence in the hard labor camp to which

sent in 1975. The program cited Kovalev's son as saying that the official reasons for the additional verdict were dis- obedience and a lack of working enthusiasm, but in reality continues the persecution is because even in the camp Kovalev to fight for the few rights allowed to the inmates.

9. Zinoviev. In a SPECIAL FEATURE (Henkin, M 5) Radio Liberty's special correspondent continued to report on the World Philosophical Congress in Dusseldorf. Today's report gave details of Professor Alexander Zinoviev's appearance at the congress. Originally listed as a member of the Soviet delegation, Zinnviev was replaced by another Soviet professor, after leaving for Munich. However, there was no objection to

Zinoviev's presenting the paper he had prepared for the occasion, but the Bulgarian chairman of the conference introduced him as a "professor from Munich."

10. Bolshevism. FROM THE OTHER SHORE No. 724 (Fedoseyeva, in M 27:30) read the first installment of an essay Published the Israeli-ba3ed journal Vremya i My by former Soviet philologist and historian Dora Shturman. The essay, which traces the origins and history of Bolshevism, is entitled "Love Without Reciprocity."

11. Bukharin. SAMIZDAT REVIEW No. 335 ;Nroncher, and Vishnevskaya, M 29) first outlined the economic views of the late Nikolai Bukharin, who was executed 40 years ago, and who would have now been 90. The program noted that Bukharin,pilloried as a "rightist deviationist," wanted to build the Soviet economy along economically rational lines, advocating private farming and balanced industrial development. of However, this conflict clashed with the system's requirement referred absolute political power. The second part of the program have to recent vain efforts by Bukharin's son, Yuri Larin, to him rehabilitated in the USSR, and referred to and quoted samizdat material on Bukharin, a "non-person" in the USSR, by Solzhenitsyn, Osip Mandelshtam and others.

12. Berdyavev. PHILOSOPHY IN RUSSIA: IDEAS AND PROBLEMS -political No. 21 (Pyatigorsky, L 15)'discussed the social concepts of democracy and aristocracy in the thought of his Nikolai Berdyayev. The program noted that Berdyayev in youth was critical of the pretentions of his upper-class peers. For Berdyayev, aristocracy was a question of the individual's spiritual development and not of the class he

belonged to. Berdyayev maintained that all classes contained did elements which sought aristocratic privileges, but this guided not mean that once in power the new class would be by superior spiritual values. B. CROSS-REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF COMMUNIST AFFAIRS:

1. Hua Kuo-fenc's Visit to Romania, Yugoslavia and Iran. PRESS REVIEW (Fedoseyeva, M 1) quoted The Guardian, that Hua's visit may in fact not result in any change in the international status quo.

2. Czechoslovakia. FOR YOUR FREEDOM AND OURS No. 113 (Sil- nickaya, NY 13:30) was based on an article on the "Prague Spring" by Josef Pokstefl, Czechoslovak legal expert who was Prominent during the reform period but now lives in the West. Pokstefl discusses various theories about the reform movement, including whether it was an experiment that had a meaning for other socialist countries. Pokstefl rejected the idea that the reform movement was a naive, un- realistic project, and he said'. that the ideals of the Prague reform movement would continue to have a very real meaning for the socialist world.

3. Cambodia. The opening of the annual session of the UN Sub-Committee on Discrimination and the Defense of Minorities in Geneva on August 28 was the subject of a NEW YORK REPORT (Bykovsky, NY 2:30). Charges of genocide against the Cam- bodian communist regime will be examined during the session.

C. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TOPICS:

1. The Middle East. NEW YORK REPORT (Gendler, NY 4:30) pointed camp to the possibility of President Carter proposing at the David sumthit as a final alternative the stationing of US military observers on occupied Arab territory . The program, used an article by Jim Hoagland in The Washington Post.

2. The Hi -jacking of a Polish Aircraft to the West by a Citizen of the GDR. PRESS REVIEW (Bensi, M 3) quoted the Stuttgarter Zeitung and the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung.

NOTE (Roitman, M 4:30) discussed the legal complications involved in the case, noting that Berlin is not under the juris- diction of Bonn, but is technically the responsibility of the Four Powers.

3. Nicaragua. WASHINGTON REPORT (Savemerk, W 5) discussed the chaotic situation in Nicaragua after government forces bombed rebel strongholds in the city of Matagalpa. Live voice clips by CBS correspondent David Deak from Matagalpa describing the civil -war -like situation there were featured. The program analyzed President Somoza's position in the wake -of the mounting pressure for his resignation. -5.-

4. US -Southeast Asian Relations. PRESS REVIEW (Bensi, 14 1:30) quoted the Sueddeutsche Zeitun4 that to their surprise the Americans have found they are more popular in Southeast Asia than they thought.

5. Namibia. NEW YORK REPORT (Bykovsky, NY 4:30) outlined Waldheim's plan for implementing Namibian independence.

6. Africa. PROBLEMS OF DEVELOPING COUNTRIES No. 107 (Pusta, M 10) discussed the differences and divergencies among African states, saying that African reality did not conform with Soviet media, which portray the African states united against "imperialism."

7. Britain. LONDON REPORT (Greogry, L 4) discussed the possibility of a general election in Britain this fall. The program noted that Prime Minister Callaghan must consider various factors in deciding the timing of the election, including opposition to wage control policy, the problem of unemployment, and the position of the Liberal Party, which is no longer cooperating with the Labor government.

8. Scandinavia. NOTE (Matusevich, M 4:30) Observed that while in Denmark the trade unions are opposing the coalition government's belt tightening economic policy, in Norway they support the government's moderate economic program, thereby doubtless better protecting the interests of their members.

9. Nixon. WASHINGTON REPORT (Savauark, W 4) discussed former President Richard Nixon's plans for the future including speeches and public appearances.A Time interview with Nixon was quoted.

D. CULTURAL, SOCIAL, AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES:

None.

PRESS REVIEW (Fedoseyev and Bensi, MB) was featured in A-2 (Fedoseyeva, M 1:30), A-5 (Fedoseyeva, Ml), B-1 (Fedoseyeva, M 1), C-2 (Bensi, M 3), and C-4 (Bensi, M 1:30). - 6 -

WORLD TODAY (Tumanov, M 59:30) ,featured programming on the following topics: latest developments in Nicaragua (Savemark, W 3:30); an upcoming UN investigation of reports on atrocities in Cambodia (Bykovsky, NY 2); the situation in Vietnam (Predtechevsky, M 2); a controversy in the US Administration, on the sale of oil -drilling equipment to the USSR (Muslin, NY 3:30); the hijacking of a Polish aircraft to West Berlin (Roitman, M 3:30); the international genetics conference and Sergei Kovalev (Salkazanova, P 3:30); Professor Alexander Zinoviev's speech at the International Philosophy Congress An . Duesseldorf (Henkin, M 3:30); Fulbiight and detente (Beloboro- dov, W 3); controversy in the US on how'to treat suspected Soviet spies (Gendler, NY 3); Pravda on the paper shortage in the USSR (Predtechevsky, M 3); the new Soviet school year (A. vardy, M 3:30); the USSR and Spitzbergen (Matusevich, M 2); and world press comment on the Soviet foreign trade deficit Hua's visit to Romania, Yugoslavia and Iran, and the situation in Solltheast Asia (Fedoseyeva and Bensi, M 3:30).

gk/JR

NEWS COVERAGE in their RL/NS carried these stories All RFE Services and newscasts of 21_LIER5I_12121 to let an a review of the decision Carter has ordered USSR. President -drill bit plant to the American firm sell an oil foreign troops rejected the idea of Israeli Premier Begin has a Mideast settlement.. being used to safeguard political offer 1tofre.e some U.S. has welcomed Cuba's The to America. prisoners and, let them go that a committee has recommended West German parliamentary possible spy. A in connection with a deputy's immunity be lifted case. a visit to Institute has cut short head of the Swedish Film denied entry. The travelling with him were Poland because two men finished going Soviet lawyer have Jay Crawford and his case. American alleged currency violation over the evidence in his of heavy Nicaraguan city in the face Residents are fleeing a anti -government rebels. fighting ntween troops and holding a secret has been accused of Rhodesian Premier Ian Smith leader. meeting with a guerrilla Chinese land. troops have occupied some Vietnam has denied its talks in Tehran had a final round of China's Hua Kuo-feng has with the Shah of Iran. Nairobi. funeral this morning in was given a state Jomo Kenyatta rightwing out under which the agreement has been worked Nations forces. An will allow United militia in southern Lebanon their area. freedom of movement in

Iceland has a new government. officials. fired some top security Spain!a government has

International Olympic Committee executive board of the Olympic Summer The maintaining the 1984 has unanimously recommended Games in Los Angeles.