GUIDELINES for INTEGRATED COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT of the SZCZECINSKI LAGOON (The Polish Side)
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GUIDELINES FOR INTEGRATED COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT OF THE SZCZECINSKI LAGOON (the Polish side) The study is a summary of thorough studies concerning physiography, environmental resources, areas located in the Polish part of the Szczecinski Lagoon and Integrated Management Plan of the Coastal Area of the Szczecinski Lagoon (1996, 1999) and Verification of the Integrated Management Plan of the Coastal Area in the area of Implementation Preparation (1999). Experts and members of the Area Task Team took part in the works on the study. Szczecin 2000 Contents 11.Introduction ........................................................................................................................................3 1.1. The sustainable development principle, its importance and place in politics and legislation ....3 1.1.1. The sustainable development principle in Baltic Agenda 21 ...........................................5 1.2. Borders of the coastal zone of the Szczecinski Lagoon included in the Management Plan .......5 1.3. History of the project ..................................................................................................................5 12. Integrated Coastal Zone Management of the Szczecinski Lagoon. The tasks and key elements of the strategy ....................................................................................................................................7 2.1. General characteristics of the Szczecinski Lagoon and of the coastal areas ..............................7 2.2. Vision of the future – the directions of development of the Szczecinski Lagoon area ..............9 2.3. Tasks of the strategy .................................................................................................................10 13. Assumptions of ICZM of the Szczecinski Lagoon ..........................................................................11 3.1. Guidelines for ICZM of the Szczecinski Lagoon .....................................................................11 3.2. Institutions responsible for management in the ICZM zone of the Szczecinski Lagoon .........11 3.3. Planning ....................................................................................................................................12 3.4. Regulations for coastal zone management ...............................................................................12 3.5. Problems influencing the state of environment ........................................................................16 14. Priority goals of ICZM of the Szczecinski Lagoon and the methods of their realisation ...............17 15. Guidelines for the management plan of the communes ..................................................................21 16. Financing of realisation of the ICZM tasks .....................................................................................41 17. Aspects of institutional implementation of the assumptions of Integrated Management ................45 18. Social conditions .............................................................................................................................47 19. Sustainable development indicators for ICZM of the Szczecinski Lagoon .....................................49 10. Recapitulation...................................................................................................................................53 Annexes Annex 1. Characteristics of the area of ICZM of the Szczecinski Lagoon Annex 2. Protected areas and areas worth protection on the area of ICZM of the Szczecinski Lagoon Annex 3. State of the environment on the area of ICZM of the Szczecinski Lagoon Annex 4. Water management of ICZM of the Szczecinski Lagoon Annex 5. Conflicts between the environment and the economy Annex 6. Needs of the communes in the field of environmental protection and improvement of the state of the environment Annex 7. Setting up of priority tasks for water management, nature protection, monitoring and in the light of activities of the Maritime Office Annex 8. Sustainable development indicators for ICZM of the Szczecinski Lagoon Experts and members of the Area Task Team (ATT): Leader of the Area Task Team: Maciej Cehak The Marshalship of the West-Pomeranian Voivodeship, Department of Strategy and Spatial Planning Secretary of the Area Task Team: Małgorzata Landsberg-Uczciwek The Voivodeship Inspectorate of Environmental Protection in Szczecin Władysław Buhcholtz – the Maritime Institute in Szczecin Ryszard Dobracki – State Geologic Institute in Szczecin Kazimierz Furmańczyk – the Szczecin University, the European Union for Coastal Conservation Hanna Garbacik – Wesołowska – Sea Fishery Institute in Swinoujscie Bogdan Jakuczun – Wolinski National Park Urszula Jakuczun – the Union of Communes of the Wolin Island Andrzej Kreft – Regional Water Management Board Andrzej Kwapiszewski – Regional Water Management Board Ireneusz Lewicki – Wolinski National Park Zygmunt Mostowski – Voivodeship Meliorations and Greenlands Management Board Stanisław Musielak – the Szczecin University, the European Union for Coastal Conservation Franciszek Nowacki – Proxima, Wroclaw Witold Nowak – the Maritime Office in Szczecin Janusz Połonka – the Stepnica Commune, the European Union for Coastal Conservation Jerzy Tokarski – Regional Spatial Management Office Jerzy Urban – Regional Spatial Management Office Piotr Zaremba – the City Hall, the Municipal Town-Planning Office in Szczecin Przemysław Zyska – Polish Academy of Sciences, the “Swidwie” Ornithological Station Wojciech Zyska – the Voivodeship Nature Conservator Representatives of self-governmental administration of the communes: Dobra Szczecinska, Dziwnow, Goleniow, Kamien Pomorski, Kolbaskowo, Miedzyzdroje, Nowe Warpno, Police, Szczecin, Wolin 1. Introduction Globally it is believed that coastal areas are habitats of unique characteristics, extremely important from the ecological and economic point of view, under pressure of several factors. For the last few years environmental protection and economic growth have been widely recognised as complementary goals in the field of coastal area development. Integrated management of the coastal area is a rela- tively new idea and only a few programmes have been successfully implemented so far. Integrated management of the coastal area is perceived as a constant process with numerous participating sectors, created for improving, development, planning and protecting of the area through integration and inter-sectorial co-operation. It should be assumed that the process com- piles and does not substitute plans in particular sectors. Integration concerns undertaken man- agement goals as well as the tools needed for their realisation. The essence of integrated management is the idea of sustainable development of coastal areas. Integrated management concerns both land coastal area and sea coastal area. 1.1. The sustainable development principle, its importance and place in politics and legislation. There are many definitions of sustainable development. One of them, defining the idea in a clear and simple way, is shown below. Sustainable development is such development which satisfies contemporary needs and does not deprive future generations of the ability to satisfy their own needs.* The sustainable development principle became widely accepted by the communities of the world as a result of the United Nations conference, Rio de Janeiro 1992 (Agenda 21). Sustainable development should be considered in three dimensions: economic, social and envi- ronmental, taking into account their interdependence and mutual logical relations. The point of departure is the exploitation of non-renewable resources and these resources which are difficult to renew, aiming to satisfy the needs (living standard, living quality) in a long term, and the transitional element is public selection and market regulation, defining development goals (and consequently exploitation of non-renewable resources) in a different way in time and space. The essence of sustainable development (also called eco-development) is the awareness of the existence of mechanisms setting bounds to economic growth and causing recession which are stimulated by the process of growth. The realisation of eco-development requires a compromise which resolves itself to searching for the best way of satisfying many important current and fu- ture needs when the resources used to satisfied these needs are limited. The idea of sustainable development has been registered in the Constitution of the Republic of Poland in all basic legal acts regulating environmental protection or strongly related to environmental protec- tion (including the spatial planning act), in the state environmental policy, in the Polish state pro- gramme for the accession to the European Union, in the legislation of the European Union and in many international conventions and agreements. The basic assumption of sustainable development in the field of environmental protection is conducting the policy and activities in particular sectors of the economy and social life in such a way that would preserve environmental resources and qualities in a state securing permanent possibility of utilising them by contemporary and future generations, at the same time maintaining the constancy of natural processes and natural biodiversity at landscape, ecosystem, species and genic level.** In the state environmental policy this basic principle is transformed into several concretising principles, such as: * The United Nations World Committee