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United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 8,957,148 B2 Addcox Et Al

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United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 8,957,148 B2 Addcox Et Al US008957.148B2 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 8,957,148 B2 Addcox et al. (45) Date of Patent: Feb. 17, 2015 (54) POLYMER COMPOSITIONS HAVING 2008.0118749 A1 5/2008 Aubee et al. IMPROVED BARRIER PROPERTIES 2013/00591.03 A1* 3/2013 Yang et al. ................. 428,36.92 2013/0068134 A1* 3/2013 Yang et al. .................... 106,270 (71) Applicant: Chevron Phillips Chemical Company FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS LP, The Woodlands, TX (US) EP 1152025 11, 2001 (72) Inventors: Jim H. Addcox, The Woodlands, TX EP 1152025 A1 11, 2001 (US); Guylaine St. Jean, Bartlesville, WO 9903673 A1 1, 1999 OK (US) (73) Assignee: Chevron Phillips Chemical Company OTHER PUBLICATIONS LP, The Woodlands, TX (US) Alphaplus material safety data sheet entitled "Alphaplus(R) C30+ c - Sales Specifications.” Jul. 2010, 1 page, Chevron Phillips Chemical (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this Company LP patent is extended or adjusted under 35 Alphaplus material safety data sheetentitled “Alphaplus(R) Oxidized U.S.C. 154(b) by 24 days. C30+ Wax Sales Specifications,” Jul. 2010, 1 page, Chevron Phillips Chemical Company LP (21) Appl. No.: 13/753,132 Bird. R. Bvron,yron, et al., “Dvinamicsy of polympolvmeric liquids.'C Fluid 1-1. Mechanics, 1987, pp. 171-172 plus 8 pages including cover, publish (22) Filed: Jan. 29, 2013 ing, and contents information, vol. 1. Second Edition, John Wiley & O O Sons, Inc. (65) Prior Publication Data ChemWatch material safety data sheet entitled “Paraffin.” Nov. 14. US 2014/02126O7 A1 Jul. 31, 2014 2009, pp. 1-12. “Group notation revised in periodic table.” Feb. 4, 1985, pp. 26-27. (51) Int. Cl. C&EN. CSK5/0 (2006.01) Hieber, C. A., et al., “Shear-rate-dependence modeling of polymer COSL23/06 (2006.01) melt viscosity.” Polymer Engineering and Science, Jul. 1992, pp. 46F 3/54 (2006.01) 931-938, vol. 32, No. 14. C08.5/18 (2006.01) Hieber, C.A., et al., “Some correlations involving the shear viscosity COSL23/08 (2006.01) of polystyrene melts.” Rheologica Acta, 1989, pp. 321-332, vol. 28. COSL23/04 (2006.01) No. 4. (52) U.S. Cl. McNaught, Alan D. et al., "Compendium of chemical terminology.” CPC ........... C08L 23/06 (2013.01); A61F 13/51462 International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Second edition, (2013.01); C08.J.5/18 (2013.01); C08L 23/08 1997, 1 page cover and publishing information, Wiley-Blackwell. (2013.01); C08L 23/04 (2013.01); C08L STRUKTOL brochure entitled “STRUKTOLOR Montan Wax OP.” 2203/16 (2013.01) Oct. 4, 2000, 1 page. USPC ........................................... 524/487; 524/587 STRUKTOL technical data sheet entitled “STRUKTOL(R) TR016.” (58) Field of Classification Search May 4, 2005, 2 pages, Struktol Company of America. USPC .......................................................... 524/487 International Search Report for PCT/US2014/01 1972 dated Jan. 4. See application file for complete search history. 2014. Foreign communication from a related counterpart application— (56) References Cited International Search Report, PCT/US2014/01 1972, Apr. 1, 2014, 3 pageS. U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS * cited by examiner 3.248,179 A 4, 1966 Norwood 4,501,885 A 2f1985 Sherk et al. 4,588,790 A 5/1986 Jenkins, III et al. 5,141,801 A 8, 1992 Takeshita et al. Primary Examiner — Hui Chin 5,155,160 A * 10/1992 Yeh et al. ...................... 524/487 (74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm — Conley Rose, P.C.; Rodney 5,352,749 A 10, 1994 DeChellis et al. 5,436,304 A 7, 1995 Griffin et al. B. Carroll; Cheryl L. Huseman 5,455,314 A 10, 1995 Burns et al. 5,565,175 A 10/1996 Hottovy et al. 5,575,979 A 11/1996 Hanson (57) ABSTRACT 6,033,771 A * 3/2000 Heffelfinger ............... 428,320.2 6,239,235 B1 5/2001 Hottovy et al. A composition comprising a polymer and a wax wherein the 6,262,191 B1 7/2001 Hottovy et al. 6,312,825 B1 1 1/2001 Su et al. polymer has a melt index of from about 0.5 g/10 minto about 6,528,572 B1 3/2003 Patel et al. 4 g/10 min, a density of equal to or greater than about 0.945 6,833,415 B2 12/2004 Kendricket al. g/cc which when formed into a film displays a moisture vapor 7,064.225 B2 6, 2006 Thornet al. transmission rate of less than about 0.55g-mil/100 in in 24 7,222,886 B2 5, 2007 Kim et al. 7,517,939 B2 4/2009 Yang et al. hours as determined in accordance with ASTM F 1249. 8, 188, 190 B2 5/2012 Vignola 8.436,085 B2 5, 2013 Borke et al. 2008, OOO391.0 A1 1/2008 Hughes et al. 19 Claims, 6 Drawing Sheets U.S. Patent Feb. 17, 2015 Sheet 1 of 6 US 8,957,148 B2 Figure 1A U.S. Patent Feb. 17, 2015 Sheet 2 of 6 US 8,957,148 B2 Figure 1B U.S. Patent Feb. 17, 2015 Sheet 3 of 6 US 8,957,148 B2 Figure 1C s c s s s w U.S. Patent Feb. 17, 2015 Sheet 4 of 6 US 8,957,148 B2 Figure 1D res s g s Es U.S. Patent Feb. 17, 2015 Sheet 5 of 6 US 8,957,148 B2 Figure 2 Dynastic let Wiscosity vs. Frequency Af -- . --- k--- Ailt, 4.5% ----- All-2, 4.5% ---W-A1-3, 4.5% ----- Al-4, 2% t . - Ai-ii, 4.5% s t " s SE e go Fretreicy radis U.S. Patent Feb. 17, 2015 Sheet 6 of 6 US 8,957,148 B2 Figure 3 ,3 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : A8 A8-2 A8-3 'A- : : , --- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -, - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ----, US 8,957,148 B2 1. 2 POLYMER COMPOSITIONS HAVING FIG. 2 is a plot of the dynamic melt viscosity as a function IMPROVED BARRIER PROPERTIES of frequency for the samples from example 1. FIG.3 is a plot of the moisture vapor transmission rate as a TECHNICAL FIELD function of the percent additive for films formed from the polymer samples of example 1. The present disclosure relates to polymeric compositions, more specifically polyethylene (PE) compositions, and DETAILED DESCRIPTION articles made from same. To define more clearly the terms used herein, the following BACKGROUND 10 definitions are provided. Unless otherwise indicated, the fol lowing definitions are applicable to this disclosure. If a term Polyolefins are plastic materials useful for making a wide is used in this disclosure but is not specifically defined herein, variety of valued products due to their combination of stiff the definition from the IUPAC Compendium of Chemical ness, ductility, barrier properties, temperature resistance, Terminology, 2" Ed (1997) can be applied, as long as that 15 definition does not conflict with any other disclosure or defi optical properties, availability, and low cost. One of the most nition applied herein, or render indefinite or non-enabled any valued products is plastic films. In particular, PE is the one of claim to which that definition is applied. To the extent that any the largest Volume polymers consumed in the world. It is a definition or usage provided by any document incorporated versatile polymer that offers high performance relative to herein by reference conflicts with the definition or usage other polymers and alternative materials such as glass, metal provided herein, the definition or usage provided herein con or paper. Plastic films such as PE films are mostly used in trols. packaging applications but they also find utility in the agri Groups of elements of the table are indicated using the cultural, medical, and engineering fields. numbering scheme indicated in the version of the periodic PE films are manufactured in a variety of grades that are table of elements published in Chemical and Engineering usually differentiated by the polymer density such that PE 25 News, 63(5), 27, 1985. In some instances, a group of elements films can be designated for example, low density polyethyl can be indicated using a common name assigned to the group; ene (LDPE), linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE), for example alkali earth metals (or alkali metals) for Group 1 medium density polyethylene (MDPE), and high density elements, alkaline earth metals (or alkaline metals) for Group polyethylene (HDPE), wherein each density range has a 2 elements, transition metals for Group 3-12 elements, and unique combination of properties making it suitable for a 30 halogens for Group 17 elements. particular application. Regarding claim transitional terms or phrases, the transi Despite the many positive attributes of PE, the film product tional term "comprising, which is synonymous with "includ remains permeable to gases Such as oxygen or carbon dioxide ing.” “containing.” “having,” or “characterized by is inclu and/or moisture (e.g., water). Thus, it would be desirable to sive or open-ended and does not exclude additional, unrecited develop a PE film product exhibiting improved bather prop 35 elements or method steps. The transitional phrase “consisting erties. of excludes any element, step, or ingredient not specified in the claim. The transitional phrase “consisting essentially of SUMMARY limits the scope of a claim to the specified materials or steps and those that do not materially affect the basic and novel Disclosed herein is a composition comprising a polymer 40 characteristic(s) of the claimed invention. A "consisting and a wax wherein the polymer has a melt index offrom about essentially of claim occupies a middle ground between 0.5 g/10 minto about 4 g/10 min, a density of equal to or closed claims that are written in a "consisting of format and greater than about 0.945 g/cc which when formed into a film fully open claims that are drafted in a “comprising format.
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