Exploring Mars with Small Spacecraft Orbiters and Landers
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Preface Patrick Besha, Editor Alexander Macdonald, Editor in The
EARLY DRAFT - NASAWATCH.COM/SPACEREF.COM Preface Patrick Besha, Editor Alexander MacDonald, Editor In the next decade, NASA will seek to expand humanity’s presence in space beyond the International Space Station in low-Earth orbit to a new habitation platform orbiting the moon. By the late 2020’s, astronauts will live and work far deeper in space than ever before. The push to cis-lunar orbit is part of a stepping-stone approach to extend our reach to Mars and beyond. This decision to explore ever farther destinations is a familiar pattern in the history of American space exploration. Another major pattern with historical precedent is the transition from public sector exploration to private sector commercialization. After the government has developed and demonstrated a capability in space, whether it be space-based communications or remote sensing, the private sector has realized its market potential. As new companies establish a presence, the government withdraws from the market. In 2015, we are once again at a critical stage in the development of space. The most successful long-term human habitation in space, orbiting the Earth continuously since 1998, is the International Space Station. Currently at the apex of its capabilities and the pinnacle of state-of-the-art space systems, it was developed through the investments and labors of over a dozen nations and is regularly re-supplied by cargo delivery services. Its occupants include six astronauts and numerous other organisms from Earth’s ecosystems from bacteria to plants to rats. Research is conducted on the spacecraft from hundreds of organizations worldwide ranging from academic institutions to large industrial companies and from high-tech start-ups to high-school science classes. -
Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Support to Commercial Space Launch
The Space Congress® Proceedings 2019 (46th) Light the Fire Jun 4th, 3:30 PM Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Support to Commercial Space Launch Thomas Ste. Marie Vice Commander, 45th Space Wing Follow this and additional works at: https://commons.erau.edu/space-congress-proceedings Scholarly Commons Citation Ste. Marie, Thomas, "Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Support to Commercial Space Launch" (2019). The Space Congress® Proceedings. 31. https://commons.erau.edu/space-congress-proceedings/proceedings-2019-46th/presentations/31 This Event is brought to you for free and open access by the Conferences at Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in The Space Congress® Proceedings by an authorized administrator of Scholarly Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Support to Commercial Space Launch Colonel Thomas Ste. Marie Vice Commander, 45th Space Wing CCAFS Launch Customers: 2013 Complex 41: ULA Atlas V (CST-100) Complex 40: SpaceX Falcon 9 Complex 37: ULA Delta IV; Delta IV Heavy Complex 46: Space Florida, Navy* Skid Strip: NGIS Pegasus Atlantic Ocean: Navy Trident II* Black text – current programs; Blue text – in work; * – sub-orbital CCAFS Launch Customers: 2013 Complex 39B: NASA SLS Complex 41: ULA Atlas V (CST-100) Complex 40: SpaceX Falcon 9 Complex 37: ULA Delta IV; Delta IV Heavy NASA Space Launch System Launch Complex 39B February 4, 2013 Complex 46: Space Florida, Navy* Skid Strip: NGIS Pegasus Atlantic Ocean: Navy Trident II* Black text – current programs; -
Tianwen-1: China's Mars Mission
Tianwen-1: China's Mars Mission drishtiias.com/printpdf/tianwen-1-china-s-mars-mission Why In News China will launch its first Mars Mission - Tianwen-1- in July, 2020. China's previous ‘Yinghuo-1’ Mars mission, which was supported by a Russian spacecraft, had failed after it did not leave the earth's orbit and disintegrated over the Pacific Ocean in 2012. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is also going to launch its own Mars mission in July, the Perseverance which aims to collect Martian samples. Key Points The Tianwen-1 Mission: It will lift off on a Long March 5 rocket, from the Wenchang launch centre. It will carry 13 payloads (seven orbiters and six rovers) that will explore the planet. It is an all-in-one orbiter, lander and rover system. Orbiter: It is a spacecraft designed to orbit a celestial body (astronomical body) without landing on its surface. Lander: It is a strong, lightweight spacecraft structure, consisting of a base and three sides "petals" in the shape of a tetrahedron (pyramid- shaped). It is a protective "shell" that houses the rover and protects it, along with the airbags, from the forces of impact. Rover: It is a planetary surface exploration device designed to move across the solid surface on a planet or other planetary mass celestial bodies. 1/3 Objectives: The mission will be the first to place a ground-penetrating radar on the Martian surface, which will be able to study local geology, as well as rock, ice, and dirt distribution. It will search the martian surface for water, investigate soil characteristics, and study the atmosphere. -
Launch Vehicle Payload Envelope Analysis
CC BY-SA 4.0: Open Source Satellite 2021 Payload Envelope Envelope Payload Launch Vehicle Vehicle Launch Rich Tait, Collaborator OSSAT Analysis June 2021 June Contents Why are launcher envelopes important? Launch vehicles Envelopes Tools Further questions or want to get involved? : SA 4.0 SA - CC BY CC 2021 Satellite OpenSource Why are Launcher Envelopes Important? • Spacecraft experience the harshest mechanical environment during launch. • The mechanical environment can be described across several envelopes: • Quasi-Static Loads • Random Vibration • Acoustic • Shock • Envelopes feed the preliminary design and verification of spacecraft. : SA 4.0 SA - CC BY CC 2021 Satellite OpenSource Launch Vehicles • The analysis extends to the following launch vehicles: • Space X Falcon 9 • Rocket Labs Electron • Virgin Orbit Launcher One • Firefly Alpha • ABL RS1 • Soyuz • ArianeSpace Vega C • Envelopes have been overlayed to allow an overall envelope to be defined for the OSSAT solution. : SA 4.0 SA - CC BY CC 2021 Satellite OpenSource Quasi Static Loads • Combination of steady state and low frequency loads. • Mainly concern the primary structure. • Includes handling loads. : : SA 4.0 SA - SA 4.0 SA - CC BY CC 2021 Satellite OpenSource CC BY CC Satellite Open Source 2021 CC BY BY-SA-SA 4.0 4.0: : Open Source Source Satellite Satellite 2021 2021 • • Random Vibration Random the the launch. intensity overallof gives the GRMS launches. repeatable between Statistically CC BY BY-SA-SA 4.0 4.0: : Open Source Source Satellite Satellite 2021 2021 • • Acoustic the the launch. intensity overallof gives the OASPL the spacecraft. exterior panels of on the incident Acoustic are loads CC BY BY-SA-SA 4.0 4.0: : Open Source Source Satellite Satellite 2021 2021 • Shock Loads Shock payload separation. -
JAXA's Space Exploration Activities
JAXA’s Space Exploration Activities Jun Gomi, Deputy Director General, JAXA Hayabusa 2 ✓ Asteroid Explorer of the C-type asteroid ✓ Launched in December, 2014 ✓ Reached target asteroid “Ryugu” in 2018 ✓ First successful touchdown to Ryugu on February 22, 2019 ✓ Return to Earth in 2020 (162173) Ryugu 2 Hayabusa 2 (c) JAXA, University of Tokyo, Kochi University, Rikkyo University, (c) JAXA, University of Tokyo, Kochi University, Rikkyo University, Nagoya University, Chiba Institute of Technology, Meiji University, Nagoya University, Chiba Institute of Technology, Meiji University, University of Aizu and AIST. University of Aizu, AIST Asteroid Ryugu photographed from a Asteroid Ryugu from an altitude of 6km. distance of about 20 km. The image Image was captured with the Optical was taken on June 30, 2018. Navigation Camera on July 20, 2018. Hayabusa 2 4 JAXA’s Plan for Space Exploration International • Utilization of ISS/Kibo • Cis-Lunar Platform (Gateway) Cooperation • Lunar exploration and beyond Industry & • JAXA Space Exploration Innovation Academia Hub Partnerships • Science Community discussions JAXA’s Overall Scenario for International Space Exploration Mars, others ★ Initial Exploration ★ Full Fledge Exploration MMX: JFY2024 • Science and search for life • Utilization feasibility exam. Kaguya Moon ©JAXA ©JAXA ©JAXA ©JAXA ©JAXA Full-fledged Exploration & SLIM Traversing exploration(2023- ) Sample Return(2026- ) Utilization (JFY2021) • Science exploration • S/R from far side • Cooperative science/resource • Water prospecting • Technology demo for human mission exploration by robotic and human HTV-X der.(2026- ) • Small probe deploy, data relay etc. Gateway Phase 1 Gateway (2022-) Phase 2 • Support for Lunar science Earth • Science using deep space Promote Commercialization International Space Station 6 SLIM (Smart Lander for Investigating Moon) ✓ Demonstrate pin-point landing on the moon. -
Concept for a Crewed Lunar Lander Operating from the Lunar Orbiting Platform-Gateway
69th International Astronautical Congress (IAC), Bremen, Germany, 1-5 October 2018. Copyright © 2018 by Lockheed Martin Corporation. Published by the IAF, with permission and released to the IAF to publish in all forms. IAC-18.A5.1.4x46653 Concept for a Crewed Lunar Lander Operating from the Lunar Orbiting Platform-Gateway Timothy Cichana*, Stephen A. Baileyb, Adam Burchc, Nickolas W. Kirbyd aSpace Exploration Architect, P.O. Box 179, MS H3005, Lockheed Martin Space, Denver, Colorado, U.S.A. 80201, [email protected] bPresident, 8100 Shaffer Parkway, Unit 130, Deep Space Systems, Inc., Littleton, Colorado, 80127-4124, [email protected] cDesign Engineer / Graphic Artist, 8341 Sangre de Christo Rd, Deep Space Systems, Inc., Littleton, Colorado, 80127, [email protected] dSystems Engineer, Advanced Programs, P.O. Box 179, MS H3005, Lockheed Martin Space, Denver, Colorado, U.S.A. 80201, [email protected] * Corresponding Author Abstract Lockheed Martin is working with NASA on the development of the Lunar Orbiting Platform – Gateway, or Gateway. Positioned in the vicinity of the Moon, the Gateway allows astronauts to demonstrate operations beyond Low Earth Orbit for months at a time. The Gateway is evolvable, flexible, modular, and is a precursor and mission demonstrator directly on the path to Mars. Mars Base Camp is Lockheed Martin's vision for sending humans to Mars. Operations from an orbital base camp will build on a strong foundation of today's technologies and emphasize scientific exploration as mission cornerstones. Key aspects of Mars Base Camp include utilizing liquid oxygen and hydrogen as the basis for a nascent water-based economy and the development of a reusable lander/ascent vehicle. -
Space Coast Is Getting Busy: 6 New Rockets Coming to Cape Canaveral, KSC
4/16/2019 Space Coast is getting busy: 6 new rockets coming to Cape Canaveral, KSC Space Coast is getting busy: 6 new rockets coming to Cape Canaveral, Kennedy Space Center Emre Kelly, Florida Today Published 4:04 p.m. ET April 11, 2019 | Updated 7:53 a.m. ET April 12, 2019 COLORADO SPRINGS, Colo. – If schedules hold, the Space Coast will live up to its name over the next two years as a half-dozen new rockets target launches from sites peppered across the Eastern Range. Company, government and military officials here at the 35th Space Symposium, an annual space conference, have reaffirmed their plans to launch rockets ranging from more traditional heavy-lift behemoths to smaller vehicles that take advantage of new manufacturing technologies. Even if some of these schedules slip, at least one thing is apparent to several spaceflight experts here: The Eastern Range is seeing an unprecedented growth in commercial space companies and efforts. Space Launch System: 2020 NASA's Space Launch System rocket launches from Kennedy Space Center's pad 39B in this rendering by the agency. (Photo: NASA) NASA's long-awaited SLS, a multibillion-dollar rocket announced in 2011, is slated to become the most powerful launch vehicle in history if it can meet a stringent late 2020 deadline. The 322-foot-tall rocket is expected to launch on its first flight – Exploration Mission 1 – from Kennedy Space Center with an uncrewed Orion capsule for a mission around the moon, which fits in with the agency's wider goal of putting humans on the surface by 2024. -
Redalyc.Status and Trends of Smallsats and Their Launch Vehicles
Journal of Aerospace Technology and Management ISSN: 1984-9648 [email protected] Instituto de Aeronáutica e Espaço Brasil Wekerle, Timo; Bezerra Pessoa Filho, José; Vergueiro Loures da Costa, Luís Eduardo; Gonzaga Trabasso, Luís Status and Trends of Smallsats and Their Launch Vehicles — An Up-to-date Review Journal of Aerospace Technology and Management, vol. 9, núm. 3, julio-septiembre, 2017, pp. 269-286 Instituto de Aeronáutica e Espaço São Paulo, Brasil Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=309452133001 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative doi: 10.5028/jatm.v9i3.853 Status and Trends of Smallsats and Their Launch Vehicles — An Up-to-date Review Timo Wekerle1, José Bezerra Pessoa Filho2, Luís Eduardo Vergueiro Loures da Costa1, Luís Gonzaga Trabasso1 ABSTRACT: This paper presents an analysis of the scenario of small satellites and its correspondent launch vehicles. The INTRODUCTION miniaturization of electronics, together with reliability and performance increase as well as reduction of cost, have During the past 30 years, electronic devices have experienced allowed the use of commercials-off-the-shelf in the space industry, fostering the Smallsat use. An analysis of the enormous advancements in terms of performance, reliability and launched Smallsats during the last 20 years is accomplished lower prices. In the mid-80s, a USD 36 million supercomputer and the main factors for the Smallsat (r)evolution, outlined. -
Europa Lander
Europa Lander Europa Lander SDT Report & Mission Concept OPAG February 22, 2017, Atlanta, GA Kevin Hand, Alison Murray, Jim Garvin & Europa Lander Team Science Definition Team Co-Chairs: Alison Murray, DRI/Univ. NV Reno, Jim Garvin, GSFC; Kevin Hand, JPL • Ken Edgett, MSSS • Sarah Horst, JHU • Bethany Ehlmann, Caltech • Peter Willis, JPL • Jonathan Lunine, Cornell • Alex Hayes, Cornell • Alyssa Rhoden, ASU • Brent Christner, Univ FL • Will Brinkerhoff, GSFC • Chris German, WHOI • Alexis Templeton, CU Boulder • Aileen Yingst, PSI • Michael Russell, JPL • David Smith, MIT • Tori Hoehler, NASA Ames • Chris Paranicas, APL • Ken Nealson, USC • Britney Schmidt, GA Tech Planetary scientists, Microbiologists, Geochemists Pre-Decisional Information — For Planning and Discussion Purposes Only 2 Europa Lander Mission Concept Key Parameters: • Lander would be launched as a separate mission. • Target launch: 2024-2025 on SLS rocket. • Battery powered mission: 20+ day surface lifetime. • Spacecraft provides 42.5 kg allocation for science payload (with reserves). • Baseline science includes: • Analyses of 5 samples, • Samples acquired from 10 cm depth or deeper (beneath radiation processed regolith) and from 5 different regions within the lander workspace, • Each sample must have a minimum volume of 7 cubic centimeters. Pre-Decisional Information — For Planning and Discussion Purposes Only Europa Lander Mission Concept Pre-Decisional Information — For Planning and Discussion Purposes Only Europa Lander Goals: A Robust Approach to Searching for Signs -
Connecticut Daily Campus I Serving Storrs Since 1896 V^»
Connecticut Daily Campus I Serving Storrs Since 1896 v^» VOL. CXVL No. 35 STORRS. CONNECTICUT THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 1, 1962 Increasing Shelters: Standards Lowered In reaction to the Cuban crisis, ately in initial radiation, heat, the office of Civil Defense has re- and blast. The remaining ten per quested that civil defense prepara- tions be speeded up. It called for cent shows up later as fine radia- nearly doubling the amount of ation dust particles. Eventually shelter space available by lower- they fall to earth. ing Hie standards now required Within the local area surround- for shielding from radiation. ing the target, roughly 80 per New Ruling cent of the falout will descend to According to the State Civil De- the ground in a matter of hours. fense Director, Captain William L. Schatzman, this lowering of The remainnig 20 per cent will Standards will "work out very circle the globe and may take well." He noted that with the new months or even years to fall. ruling, more people will be shield- Alway A Threat ed from the danger of a nuclear blast. Captain Schatzman pointed Fallout shelters are needed now out that safety in case of radio- as much as ever, according to active fallout will not be lessened Capt. Schatzman. He referred to but it might reduce the chances the trouble spots in Berlin. South- for survival in cases of a close east Asia and Cuba. "We should fire flash. "However, it's the only! thing we have," he added. always be prepared." he said. George F. Robinson, the Civilj "There is always a threat." Defense Director for the Town of i Mr. -
Explore Digital.Pdf
EXPLORE “sic itur ad astra” ~ thus you shall go to the stars EXPERTISE FOR THE MISSION We’ve built more interplanetary spacecraft than all other U.S. companies combined. We’re ready for humanity’s next step, for Earth, the Sun, our planets … and beyond. We do this for the New capability explorers. And for us for a new space era Achieving in space takes tenacity. Lockheed Martin brings more We’ve never missed a tight (and finite) capability to the table than ever planetary mission launch window. before, creating better data, new Yet, despite how far we go, the most images and groundbreaking ways to important technologies we develop work. And we’re doing it with smarter improve life now, closer to home. factories and common products, Here on Earth. making our systems increasingly affordable and faster to produce. HALF A CENTURY AT MARS Getting to space is hard. Each step past that is increasingly harder. We’ve been a part of every NASA mission to Mars, and we know what it takes to arrive on another planet and explore. Our proven work includes aeroshells, autonomous deep space operations or building orbiters and landers, like InSight. AEROSHELLS VIKING 1 VIKING 2 PATHFINDER MARS POLAR SPIRIT OPPORTUNITY PHOENIX CURIOSITY INSIGHT MARS 2020 1976 1976 1996 LANDER 2004 2018 2008 2012 2018 2020 1999 ORBITERS MARS OBSERVER MARS GLOBAL MARS CLIMATE MARS ODYSSEY MARS RECONNAISSANCE MAVEN 1993 SURVEYOR ORBITER 2001 ORBITER 2014 1997 1999 2006 LANDERS VIKING 1 VIKING 2 MARS POLAR PHOENIX INSIGHT 1976 1976 LANDER 2008 2018 1999 Taking humans back to the Moon – We bring solutions for our customers that include looking outside our organization to deliver the best science through our spacecraft and operations expertise. -
FIREFLY ALPHA PAYLOAD USER GUIDE Version 1 July 2015 FF-0005001 - Alpha 1.0 Payload Users Guide Rev 01 P a G E | 2
FIREFLY ALPHA PAYLOAD USER GUIDE Version 1 July 2015 FF-0005001 - Alpha 1.0 Payload Users Guide Rev 01 P a g e | 2 CONTACT INFORMATION Please contact Maureen Gannon with enquiries into the suitability of the Alpha Launch Vehicle for your mission. Maureen Gannon Vice President, Business Development Firefly Space Systems 1320 Arrow Point Drive Cedar Park, TX 78613 Phone: 512-234-3700 Fax: 877-318-8560 Email: [email protected] Web: www.fireflyspace.com Intellectual Property Designation. This document contains technical data that is Firefly proprietary. Export Control Designation. This document does not contain technical data subject to ITAR/EAR restrictions. © 2015 Firefly Space Systems, Inc. FF-0005001 - Alpha 1.0 Payload Users Guide Rev 01 P a g e | 3 REVISION HISTORY Revision Date By Notes 1 July 2015 Initial Release Intellectual Property Designation. This document contains technical data that is Firefly proprietary. Export Control Designation. This document does not contain technical data subject to ITAR/EAR restrictions. © 2015 Firefly Space Systems, Inc. FF-0005001 - Alpha 1.0 Payload Users Guide Rev 01 P a g e | 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 Introduction ..........................................................................................................................8 1.1 Company Description .......................................................................................................... 8 1.2 Alpha Vehicle Overview .....................................................................................................