D2.1 – Dynamic Worker Model
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D2.1 – Dynamic worker model D2.1 –Dynamic worker model Empowering and Participatory Adap- tation of Factory Automation to Fit for Workers Abstract Smart factories are characterized by increasing automation and increasing customization. In these dynamic environments flexible and adaptive work organization is crucial, both for productivity and work satisfaction. The Factory2Fit project will support this development by developing adaptation solutions with which people with different skills, capabilities and preferences can be engaged, motivated and pro- ductive members of the work community in manufacturing industries. This deliverable describes the development of a work-related abstract profile of an employee, called Worker Model, and the development of a more dynamic worker model, Adaptive Worker Model. These models include worker characteristics and their relations with task-related, machine-related and contextual characteristics, respectively. Methodologies, standards and theories for user mod- elling development are also introduced in this deliverable. Alongside, this document provides a fur- ther analysis of the wearable measurement equipment that can be used for worker monitoring and the online worker monitoring and off-line measurements acquired from these devices. These meas- urements will be used for the definition of worker characteristics. Furthermore, an analysis of data storage mechanism that will be developed is provided. Keywords: Used Model standards and methodologies, Worker Model, Adaptive Worker Model, worker char- acteristics, task characteristics, machine characteristics, contextual characteristics, Online monitor- ing, Off-line measures, Data storage mechanism. D2.1 Dissemination Level: PU (Public) Deliverable Type: R The research leading to these results has received funding from Horizon 2020, the European Un- Page 1 of 80 ion’s Framework Programme for Research and Innovation (H2020/2014-2020) under grant agree- ment no 723277 D2.1 – Dynamic worker model Authoring and review process information EDITOR DATE Anastasios Drosou / CERTH-ITI 17.03.2017 CONTRIBUTORS DATE Michael Bojko, Ralph Riedel, Sebastian Mach, Franziska Schmalfuß & Matthias Beggiato / TUC 14.03.2017 Anita Honka & Juhani Heilala/ VTT 14.03.2017 Rakesh Mehta, Cemalettin Ozturk/ UTRC-I 16.03.2017 Dimitris Zarpalas and Nikos Zioulis/ CERTH-ITI 16.03.2017 REVIEWED BY DATE Päivi Heikkilä / VTT 23.03.2017 APPROVED BY DATE Thomas Walter / Continental 30.3.2017 Version History Date Version Author Description 27.01.2017 0.1 Anastasios Drosou / CERTH-ITI ToC finalized Section assignments distributed to all involved 10.02.2017 0.2 Anastasios Drosou / CERTH-ITI partners 11.03.2017 0.3 Anastasios Drosou / CERTH-ITI Input from TUC (CEP) received 14.03.2017 0.4 Anastasios Drosou / CERTH-ITI Input from TUC (FPL) received 14.03.2017 0.5 Anastasios Drosou / CERTH-ITI Input from VTT received First draft sent circulated for early review. 14.03.2017 0.6 Anastasios Drosou / CERTH-ITI Input from UTRC-I & final contributions form VTT expected. 15.03.2017 0.7 Anastasios Drosou / CERTH-ITI Final contributions from VTT received. 16.03.2017 0.8 Anastasios Drosou / CERTH-ITI Minor inconsistencies spotted. 16.03.2017 0.9 Anastasios Drosou / CERTH-ITI Final contributions from UTRC-I received. The research leading to these results has received funding from Horizon 2020, the European Un- Page 2 of 80 ion’s Framework Programme for Research and Innovation (H2020/2014-2020) under grant agree- ment no 723277 D2.1 – Dynamic worker model 17.03.2017 0.91 Anastasios Drosou / CERTH-ITI Final version for internal review. 23.03.2017 0.92 Päivi Heikkilä / VTT Review complete and suggested edits provided. 24.03.2017 0.93 Anastasios Drosou / CERTH-ITI Final version for approval. 31.3.2017 1.0 Eija Kaasinen / VTT Completed list of abbreviations. The research leading to these results has received funding from Horizon 2020, the European Un- Page 3 of 80 ion’s Framework Programme for Research and Innovation (H2020/2014-2020) under grant agree- ment no 723277 D2.1 – Dynamic worker model Table of Contents 1 Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 8 1.1 Purpose of the document ................................................................................................... 8 1.2 Intended readership ........................................................................................................... 8 1.3 Relationship with other Factory2Fit deliverables ................................................................ 9 1.4 Acronyms and abbreviations .............................................................................................. 9 2 Common (Virtual) Worker Models Glossary............................................................................ 11 3 Relevant Standards & Methodologies ..................................................................................... 13 3.1 Introduction to Ontology based models ........................................................................... 13 3.2 Standards Related to User/Worker Modelling .................................................................. 17 3.3 User Interface Description Languages (UIDLs) .................................................................. 20 3.3.1 UIDLs Overview ........................................................................................................ 20 3.3.2 UIDLs Comparison ........................................................................................................... 24 3.4 Physical Modelling ........................................................................................................... 26 3.5 User Behaviour Simulation ............................................................................................... 33 4 Theories of work satisfaction and performance ...................................................................... 38 4.1 Definition of job satisfaction ............................................................................................ 38 4.2 Factors influencing job satisfaction................................................................................... 38 4.3 Models of work performance ........................................................................................... 41 5 Factory2Fit Worker Modelling Methodology .......................................................................... 44 5.1 Factory2Fit Worker modelling methodology outline ......................................................... 44 5.2 Work-related Profile......................................................................................................... 46 5.2.1 Strong characteristics of the Worker Model .............................................................. 50 5.2.2 Soft characteristics of the Worker Model .................................................................. 51 6 Adaptive Worker Model.......................................................................................................... 54 6.1 Definition of the Adaptive Worker Model ......................................................................... 54 6.2 Task characteristics .......................................................................................................... 56 6.3 Machine characteristics.................................................................................................... 59 6.4 Contextual characteristics ................................................................................................ 60 7 Online Worker monitoring and off-line measurements definition .......................................... 62 7.1 Smart Sensor Network ..................................................................................................... 62 7.2 Online Worker monitoring ............................................................................................... 64 The research leading to these results has received funding from Horizon 2020, the European Un- Page 4 of 80 ion’s Framework Programme for Research and Innovation (H2020/2014-2020) under grant agree- ment no 723277 D2.1 – Dynamic worker model 7.3 Off-line measurements .................................................................................................... 64 7.4 Definition and Classification of Physical, Sensorial and Cognitive abilities ......................... 65 7.5 Calculation of Overall Labour Efficiency/Effectiveness (OLE) and Overall Equipment Efficiency (OEE) ........................................................................................................................... 66 7.6 (Persistence) Data storage mechanism ............................................................................. 71 8 Conclusions ............................................................................................................................. 73 9 References .............................................................................................................................. 74 Table of Figures Figure 1: Relations among deliverables in Factory2Fit project ............................................................ 9 Figure 2: Upper concepts [37]. ......................................................................................................... 13 Figure 3: Entities’ class hierarchy [33] .............................................................................................. 14 Figure 4: Operations’ class hierarchy