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Physique Nucléaire Et De L'instrumentation Associée Introduction FR0108546 # DEA-DAPNIA-RA-1997-98 A il. ..33/04 -DSM Département d'Astrophysique, de physique des Particules, de physique Nucléaire et de l'Instrumentation Associée Introduction Motivés par la curiosité pour les connaissances fondamentales et soutenus par des investissements impor- tants, les chercheurs du vingtième siècle ont fait des découvertes scientifiques considérables, sources de retombées économiques fructueuses. Une recherche ambitieuse doit se poursuivre. Organisé pour déve- lopper les grands programmes pour le nucléaire et par le nucléaire, le CEA est bien armé pour concevoir et mettre au point les instruments destinés à explorer, en coopération avec les autres organismes de recherche, les confins de l'infiniment petit et ceux de l'infinimenf grand. La recherche fondamentale évolue et par essence ne doit pas avoir de frontières. Le Département d'astrophysique, de physique des particules, de physique nucléaire et de l'instrumentation associée (Dapnia) a été créé pour abolir les cloisons entre la physique nucléaire, la physique des particules et l'as- trophysique, tout en resserrant les liens entre physiciens, ingénieurs et techniciens au sein de la Direction des sciences de la matière (DSM). Le Dapnia est unique par sa pluridisciplinarité. Ce regroupement a permis de lancer des expériences se situant aux frontières de ces disciplines tout en favorisant de nou- velles orientations et les choix vers les programmes les plus prometteurs. Tout en bénéficiant de l'expertise d'autres départements du CEA, la recherche au Dapnia se fait princi- palement au sein de collaborations nationales et internationales. Les équipes du Dapnia, de I'IN2P3 (Institut national de physique nucléaire et de physique des particules) et de l'Insu (Institut national des sciences de l'Univers) se retrouvent dans de nombreuses grandes collaborations internationales, chacun apportant ses compétences spécifiques afin de renforcer l'impact de nos contributions. Le CERN tient une place privilégiée en physique de particules et en physique hadronique. Tous nos programmes spatiaux sont cofinancés par le CNES (Centre national d'études spatiales). Cette plaquette présente une réactualisation de l'organisation du DAPNIA en dix services et rassemble sous forme de fiches les expériences et les développements expérimentaux effectuées au Dapnia en 1997 et 1998. La rosace des projets du Département, dessinée sur la couverture intérieure de la plaquette, montre la continuité entre les disciplines scientifiques du Dapnia depuis l'étude des composants les plus élémentaires de la matière jusqu'aux plus grandes structures de notre univers. In the twentieth century, research for fundamental knowledge, motivated by curiosity and supported by heavy investments, has produced numerous important scientific discoveries which have generated fruitful economic returns. An ambitious research programme must be carried on. The CEA, organised to endow France with the mastery of nuclear energy and with the best use of techniques derived from that activity, has the assets necessary to conduct research and develop tools in co-operation with other research organisations for exploring the universe both at infinitely small and infinitely large scales. Fundamental research is by essence without limits and should not be thwarted by interdisciplinary barriers. DAPNIA, Department of Astrophysics, Particle physics, Nuclear Physics and Associated Instrumentation, was created in 1991, as part of the Directorate of Matter Science (DSM), to encourage symbiosis between astrophysics, particle physics and nuclear physics and to pool the resources of technical support groups. DAPNIA has a unique multidisciplinary structure which has promoted the development of experiments at the borderlines between different fields of research and which favours necessary new directions in research and selection of the most promising programmes. Research in DAPNIA is always performed within national or international collaborations while taking advantage of other CEA department's expertise. Research teams of DAPNIA, IN2P3 (Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules) and INSU (Institut National des Sciences de l'Univers), working together within large international collaborations, reinforce their contributions through their spe- cific competencies. The CERN laboratory is a privileged partner in particle physics and hadronic physics. All our space experiments are co-financed by the CNES (Centre National d'Études Spatiales). This booklet presents the organisation of DAPNIA in ten services and lists all the experiments and instrumental developments for 1997 and 1998 in the form of summary sheets. The list of projects is pictured on the inner cover of the booklet and shows smooth transitions between all fields of research, from the study of the most elementary components of matter to the largest structures in the Universe. Joël Feltesse Chef du Dapnia / Head of DAPNIA Spin d" nucléon Saclay COMMISSARIAT À L'ÉNERGIE ATOMIQUIQUE DSM - DAPNIA DIRECTION DES SCIENCES OE LA WATIERE Niveau de contribution du DAPNIA dans l'expérience en terme de ressources humaines et financières, pour Etats extrêmes J les années 1997-1998 : de la matière nucléaire ..,<#*r Exceptionnel Modeste Nom de l'expérience Enjeux scientifiques de l'expérience r indiqués par les différentes couleurs Représentation en temps écoulé depuis la mise en chantier de l'expérience Année de la proposition E X P Expériences et développements techniques Experiments and technical developments C N C E S Légendes / Captions • 5 collaborateurs / Collaborators Dapnia. Stakes: Astrophysics. Dark matter. Neutrinos. Localization: Offshore of Toulon (F). Collaboration: E, F, GB, NL, Russia. Experiment name: ANTARES. Searched phenomena: High energy cosmic neutrinos. Neutrino oscillations. WIMP annihilations in ihe Earth core. Experimental signature: Muons induced by high energy neutrino interaction in the medium surrounding the detector. Probes: Detection of the Cherenkov light. Charged current v^, interactions. Instruments: Phototubes; lasers; currentmeters; tiltmeters; compasses; accelerometers; sonars. Measurement range: Above 100 GeV for cosmic neutrinos and dark matter search. Between 5 and 100 GeV for the search of oscillations. Construction of systems devoted to the measurement of the sea parameters. Assembling and tests of the optical modules. Digital electronics for the optical modules. Data acquisition electronics. Milestone dates Connection systems, cables. at Dapnia: Electronics. Site evaluation. 1996: First immersion of a mooring line to measure the Optical modules integration and tests. sea paraameters at 2 350 m depth. Software. 1998: Mechanical test of the first line at 2 350 m depth. Deployment of a submarine telecom cable. Scientific or technical outcomes: Tests of connections and disconnections with a manned submarine (Nou/ife). 2 theses in preparation. Involvement of Dapnia: Prospects: 97-98: tttftttt (37). Construction of a 0.1 km2 detector. Then try to increase the Project status on January 1 st, 1999: collaboration to achieve the km^ detector. Achievement of the first line of the detector. Organisation: Carrying out of several campaign of environmental para- meter measurements. Services involved: Scientific and technical responsibilities SPP/SIG ; SAp; SPhN; SPP; SED; SEI; SGPI. of Dapnia in the experiment: Contact Person: Technical coordination. L. Moscoso. Enjeux : Recherche de particules nouvelles (Higgs, supersymétrie|. Unification électrofaible. Saveurs des quarks. Quarks et gluons. Localisation : '•S Collisionneur LEP, CERN, Genève (CH|. Collaboration : A, CH, D, DK, E, F, GB, GR, I, Chine, USA. Nom de l'expérience : ALEPH. Phénomènes recherchés : Bosons de Higgs supersymélriques. Propriétés des bosons W el Z, Signature expérimentale : Evénements à quatre jets avec vertex séparés du point d'interaction et/ou leptons avec grande impulsion transverse par rapport au jet le contenant. Événements à 2 leptons, 2 leptons + 2 jets de hadrons, 4 jets de hadrons. Investigation ou sonde : LEP : collisions e+e de 2 x 45 à 2 x 100 GeV. Instruments : •'•Jj Détecteur de vertex en silicium. '•lit Détecteurs de traces (TPCJ. Calorimètres, chambres à muons, luminomètres. Domaine de mesure : Higgs : 0 à 107 GeV/c2 ; masse du W : 80 GeV/c2 à moins de 100 MeV/c2 (sfal. + syst.) Conception, construction du solénoïde supraconducteur, du calorimètre électromagnétique (ECAL) et du luminomètre (SiCAL). Conception et réalisation de cartes électroniques pour l'acquisition des données de l'ECAL et du SiCAL, ainsi que du superviseur de déclenchement. Dates jalons Direction de 2 groupes d'analyse. Responsabilités au comité exécutif d'ALEPH et au comité Projet au Dapnia : de sélection des orateurs. 1997 : prise de données à 183 GeV. Responsabilité du fonctionnement du SiCAL. 1998: prise de données à] 89 GeV. Retours scientifiques ou techniques : Collaboration : 1997-98:54 publications. 1983: début du projet. 1 thèse soutenue, 1 thèse en cours. 1989 : premières données à 2 x 45 GeV. Contributions majeures aux publications sur nos sujets de 1996-2000: phase 2 du LEP recherche. 6 présentations en conférences internationales. Engagement du Dapnia : Perspectives : 97-98: ***** (24], LEP à 200 GeV en 1999 et 2000. État de l'expérience au 1er janvier 1999 : Organisation : 1999 : préparation à la prise de données. Services associés : 1997-98 : analyse des données. SPP ; SED ; SEI ; SGPI ; SIG ; STCM. Responsabilités scientifiques et techniques Personnels)
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