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P06 2A Planning Aspect of Balancing Sustainability and Green Form for 21St Centuries Mega Cities International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE) ISSN: 2278-3075, Volume-8, Issue-10S, August 2019 P06 2A Planning Aspect of balancing Sustainability and Green Form for 21st Centuries Mega Cities Rutuja Deshmukh Jagtap, D.P.Singh to be and are happy to belong to. The green spaces are key to Abstract Open Spaces provides space for the expression of this, meeting a range of social, environmental and health diversity, both personal and cultural. The social and cultural benefits as well as making areas more attractive. That is why values of open space include attitudes towards nature and the creating, protecting and enhancing these spaces is such a desire for contact with it. Open space is now Inclusive part of vital part of making neighborhoods more attractive and more statutory and community planning processes. Urban Spaces must be stimulating for all age groups encouraging their joyful places in which to live activities, events and gatherings via sustainable planning and design. This paper focuses on need, unconventional visions and principles for urban green form in this modern era of planning II. OPEN SPACE IN THE PUBLIC ARENA for 21st century Mega cities. The social, cultural and Today about half of the global populace live in urban physiological values of open space include attitudes towards nature and the desire for contact with it. settlements. Human mind demands assorted variety in needs, attitudes and expression of their emotions from the City Keywords : Open Spaces, sustainability, Green Form of Mega Scape. The City scape with Monuments, Historic parks and City, community planning. green open space designs offer the correct framework for the emotional needs of community. Today, urban community I. INTRODUCTION require understanding of process in order to identify, and Urban planners have tremendous opportunity to utilize provide for, the needs and desires of our urban cultures. and safeguard open spaces as green form in urban Rather than provision of parks as "mixture", we need the agglomeration to improve the community spaces, recreation “salad bowl”, where different cultures can find individual areas, fringe towns, groups and neighborhoods, where urban expression. An overview of urban park use indicates that the community lives. Conserving natural places is one of the majority of users want to come by foot and will only do so on essential elements of being a green and sustainable a regular basis if the park is within 3–5 minutes’ walk of their community. Protection and foundation of urban parks, scenic home or workplace (Kaplan and Kaplan, 1989, Comedia routes, trailways, and waterfront help to maintain and /Demos, 1995; Godbey et al., 1992).The general population improve our quality of urban life. The urban spaces are key who maybe have most requirement for access to open parks feature of the city planning and at most care is necessary and opportunity for sociability in a safe, outdoor setting will while planning for the same. always be those who are least freely mobile (through age, Open spaces likewise create the fundamental green economic status, lack of private transport, etc.)—children, network inside the city that empowers us to manage older people, disabled people, the unemployed—and so there environmental change while providing wildlife habitats, will always be a demand for good access to appropriate, local sporting facilities or beautiful parks. This paper centers open spaces. Just what form these spaces take continues to be around visualizing broader view of planning, and some of the the challenge. time unusual, dreams and standards for urban open space in Global Cities occupy less than three percent of the global this new era of sustainable planning. Understandings of terrestrial surface, but account for 78% percent of carbon human nature is important while developing strategic emissions, 60% percent of residential water use, and 76% approach of open space planning. As a planner I emphasize percent of wood used for industrial purposes. To counter this the open spaces maximizes its potential to contribute to a threat as a planner my approach should be to integrate open more inclusive and sustainable future of urban areas at local, spaces into the heart of our physical environment, through regional and national level. both partnership working and effective community In short our neighborhood should be somewhere we want involvement. My design and planning policies should seek to create an urban realm that places great importance on leisure and Revised Manuscript Received on July 08, 2019. creativity. Creating and maintaining high-quality open green Rutuja Deshmukh Jagtap, Associate Professor, School of Architecture, Urban Development and Planning, Symbiosis, Pune, India. spaces as urban form is central to Dr.D.P.Singh, HOI, Architecture and Planning Department, Amity, this idea. NOIDA, India. E-Mail: [email protected].. Published By: Retrieval Number: J101308810S19/2019©BEIESP Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication DOI : 10.35940/ijitee.J1013.08810S19 72 P06 2A Planning Aspect of balancing Sustainability and Green Form for 21st Centuries Mega Cities In context with Indian urban spaces the population density of the cities is so high that Mumbai planners cannot able to provide even 30% of the standard required open green spaces for the urban community. The Real estate prizes are so high that the encroachment of the open spaces is concerned at the moment for the Local governments. The 80% of urban population in India is deprived from the access to the open spaces resulted in emotional and mental health hazard. The urban areas have a need for open space and the importance of it as a land use type cannot be negated. Again, the question that arises here is that how much open space is required for a given unit of urban population. The other need of concern is the spatial pattern of open space within a city Fig 1: Salmiya Park Kuwait The Best examples of such planning is observed in Kuwait. The City Centre Markets are planned near the III. THE URBAN OPEN SPACE ORGANIZE AS SOCIAL SPACE central park. The People are encouraged to utilize In today’s situation across the globe the significance of recreational open spaces and footfall is increased by good-quality parks and open spaces is highlighted developing 10-15% of central park as hyper market or City Healthy weight, healthy lives – across-government Centre. Fig 1 explains the same concept as Above strategy for England (Department of Health 2008) highlights It is observed that the Parks are being used more often the importance of open space in encouraging people to adopt when you increase the footfall by accommodating Hyper healthier and more active lifestyles. Open green spaces also markets in same Area. Open space is now firmly part of provide the vital green infrastructure that enables us to deal statutory and community planning processes. with floods or mitigate and adapt to climate change while Comprehensive planning policies for open space are providing wildlife habitats, sporting facilities or beautiful fundamental to social inclusion, community cohesion, health parks. Green infrastructure is a multifunctional network of and well-being. A shared, strategic approach to open space green spaces and other natural elements such as waterways, maximizes its potential to contribute to a more inclusive and lakes and coastline that provide a range of social, sustainable future at local, regional and national level. environmental and economic benefits. A green infrastructure A network of well-designed and cared-for open spaces strategy sets out an integrated approach to the delivery, adds to the character of places where people want to live, protection and enhancement of this network. In London, the work and visit. Open space is now firmly part of statutory and Mayor produces statutory strategies on other relevant issues, community planning processes. Comprehensive planning including biodiversity and ambient noise (www.cabe.org.uk) policies for open space are fundamental to social In this century, experts in Germany, Japan and other incorporation, community cohesion, health and well-being. countries proposed a standard of 40 square meters urban It provides densely populated towns and cities maintain green space in high quality or 140 sq. m. suburb forest area green spaces and streetscapes. per capita for reaching a balance between carbon dioxide and Corraliza (2000) has completed research on individuals oxygen, to meet the ecological balance of human well-being. inclination for "pathways" and "stay places" (parks, squares, Currently, developed countries have tended to adopt a and so on.) and found that the non-spatial characteristics of general standard of green space of 20 sq. m. park area per scene are similarly as vital as any spatial characteristics capita (Wang et al 2009). International minimum standard (enthusiastic and individual issues, for example, inspiration, suggested by World Health Organization (WHO) and age, and so on., represent 32% of the difference) yet in adopted by the publications of United Nations Food and addition that individuals (at least in Spain) preferred Agriculture Organization (FAO) is a minimum availability pathways to "stay places". becoming places for special of 9 sq. m. green open space per city dweller (Kuchelmeister, categories of people, e.g. children, old people, etc., and the 1998) street is the truly representative public open space, the one Master Rogers' Urban Task
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