1930 Heather Mcintyre Thesis Subm
“Man’s Redemption of Man”: Medical Authority and Faith Healers in North America, 1850 - 1930 Heather McIntyre Thesis submitted to the University of Ottawa in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MA in History Department of History Faculty of Arts University of Ottawa © Heather McIntyre, Ottawa, Canada, 2020 ii ABSTRACT “Man’s Redemption of Man”: Medical Authority and Faith Healers in North America, 1850 – 1930 Heather McIntyre Supervisor: University of Ottawa, 2020 Heather Murray This thesis discusses the various rhetorical, logical, and legal methods the medical profession used to regulate faith healing in North America. In so doing, it illuminates larger questions about the place of religion and authority over the body in modernity. It uses a source base of medical journals, legal documents, and church records to illustrate how doctors positioned themselves as the rational and godly choice for sick people. While faith healing was originally one of many “cures” and kinds of medicine available to North Americans during the 19th century, the medical field rapidly professionalized and supported laws requiring anyone claiming to practice medicine to adhere to one form of scientifically- based medicine. To support this change, physicians used the category of “quackery,” which implies backwardness and superstition, to illustrate the hazards of faith healing and other alternative medicines. Later, the rise of psychology in the 1890s reshaped physicians’ view of faith healing, and they came to explain its claims of success by arguing that “suggestion,” or messages to a person’s unconscious beliefs, can cure particular (gendered) kinds of mental illnesses. Doctors and clergy became curious about the safe use of suggestion, and embarked on experiments like the Emmanuel Movement.
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