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The Routledge Companion to World Literature

Theo D'haen, David Damrosch, Djelal Kadir

Georg Brandes

Publication details https://www.routledgehandbooks.com/doi/10.4324/9780203806494.ch3 Svend Erik Larsen Published online on: 14 Sep 2011

How to cite :- Svend Erik Larsen. 14 Sep 2011, Georg Brandes from: The Routledge Companion to World Literature Routledge Accessed on: 30 Sep 2021 https://www.routledgehandbooks.com/doi/10.4324/9780203806494.ch3

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Downloaded By: 10.3.98.104 At: 18:22 30 Sep 2021; For: 9780203806494, chapter3, 10.4324/9780203806494.ch3 udmna n o eesrl eoclbeiesta hp ua iei the in life human shape that ideas reconcilable necessarily not and fundamental n12 h otipratwr fteDns ieaycii er rne (1842 Brandes Georg critic literary Danish the of work important 1927), most the 1923 In naliscetv utdmninlt,fo on atrsadsna olarger their to in ideas syntax reader of the and complexity view. challenging patterns permanently world full counter-currents, the sound with language, exposes coexistence from however, contrapuntal structures, itself, multidimensionality, thematic literature and In creative stand. psychological its a take all to used in be must language Critical ic its since rfc nwihh elrdhslylyt h da hth had he new that short ideas a the added to fame, Brandes, loyalty global, 1923 his even In declared European, translations. his he earlier of which the aware of in fully some preface and of old reprints years as 80 well as Spanish and fi and Finnish Czech, French, in published them been of Brandes had some After Yiddish, volumes Polish. and single Japanese while Russian, reprints, English, in in translations), (two German salsmn n t ersnaie,b hyi ieaysuis npltc ri the in or politics in Brandes academic studies, day. and literary apart. cultural his in the of they them against debate be him cultural representatives, pitted keep its that ideas and we with establishment side as to iconoclastic preferring long always the as Brandes equally reality, pamphlet as harmoniously grasping con coexist to can disagreed: Rasmus knowledge philosopher, roads and Danish faith leading important that a claimed against who Philosophie], Nielsen, nyeste vor i [Dualismen hw ytefc hti esu rbesfrdebate for problems up sets it alike: that poet fact and the critic by for controversy, rather shown challenge or debate, permanent to pointed a had he as 1871, in Copenhagen of University the t er ale sayug otoesa comparatist. controversial young, a as earlier years fty Brandes led hnhe when Already pamphlet, sharp a was 1866 in debut His anCret nNntet etr Literature Century Nineteenth in Currents Main fi s ulcto n1872 in publication rst ’ h eecp fcmaaieliterature comparative of telescope The i a ostaeltrtr ttepitweei ae su ihthe with issue takes it where point the at literature situate to was aim fl ER BRANDES GEORG cigiesaotraiycnnvrceitpaeul.I this In peacefully. coexist never can reality about ideas icting fi ’ s anhdtepoetof project the launched rst et n12 e opeetasain aeoti Chinese in out came translations complete new 1927 in death vn rkLarsen Erik Svend h ciitcritic activist The – 0 y12 opeetasain a perdin appeared had translations complete 1923 By 90. natterrible enfant 3 21 h uls nOrMs eetPhilosophy Recent Most Our in Dualism The anCurrents Main “ 1 faaei a on almost born, was academia of htltrtr saietdyis today alive is literature That – ,swissxhDns edition Danish sixth its saw 6, ” ( Hovedstrømninger salcuesre at series lecture a as fi s promulgated rst :18). 1: ’ – s 1 Downloaded By: 10.3.98.104 At: 18:22 30 Sep 2021; For: 9780203806494, chapter3, 10.4324/9780203806494.ch3 r akdb h ia oeeto ecinr ulada mniaoypush emancipatory an and pull reactionary a of movement tidal the by and marked point; are turning the as 1824 ouigo h rvn ocso uoenclueadltrtr uigaperiod a during regarded literature Brandes and change. culture fervent European undergoing of still forces was driving which the on focusing atato itrcldaaufligi h mg fatdlwv fato and action of wave tidal a of image the ( in rhythm unfolding tripartite drama a historical in a reaction, of act last ntewrso h mgatwiessc sMed të;te,anwsreof surge new a then, Staël; Byron de with con- Mme Europe, as the across such as emerged writers emancipation around emigrant political turned the and was of personal works century the eighteenth in the from codi servative down handed dom a eta oteuiest urclmi emr n etismr in mark its left and time Denmark that in at curriculum philosophy university whose the Hegel, Currents with to Vol- particular are central in proponents was major and Its philosophy, poetry. in German humanity Goethe pure and and taire science in thought free rmVlar n oanWlgn o ote owo edvtdhg mono- huge devoted inspiration 1916: he his whom and to to pointed 1915 Goethe, himself von in Brandes Wolfgang di graphs itself. Johann foreboding cataclysm the and the the with Voltaire by and stimulated from than I pessimism, War itself growing human World a vision he with of promoting Nevertheless, utopian viewed traditions. he Enlightenment, the which local with the realization, and preoccupied of religion less of cosmopolitanism was constraints the the from in emancipation rooted is view niiulsl-wrns hth doae.Ltrtr a h onaino this of foundation the tool: its was was Literature studies comparative advocated. and he indi- project and his that nationalism in self-awareness of Particularly attacks. inwardness individual acid the his upon self-su Any to frowned vidual illusion. subject he an became Denmark, o it be country, with seal to home complicity con- to prove its often culture would deny the and particularity and with literature local concerned in its especially of attempt impor- was conception increasing He any with milieu. which and global also, a in fl but him, Europe for in tance particularly world, contemporary rne a neggditleta nteSrra es,a sense, Sartrean the in intellectual engaged an was Brandes cigcnetosbtenantoa utr n t rnntoa otx,without context, transnational its and culture national a between connections icting h i oue of volumes six The hti o itn.Teaaei td fltrtr ad satelescope: can a us we nor hands eyes that literature our so of of us front study to in academic magni right and familiar The end it, is one is distant. us appropriate what too what can observes brings is we from clearly its that what never us way One nature: distances a it. such dual time survey in same a us to the has foreign at is literature what to to closer approach comparative The uhawyta ecnmk pfrteilsoso meit perception. immediate of illusions the for up make can we that way a such . ffi fi aino utr n oit andmmnu,priual manifest particularly momentum, gained society and culture of cation inywihwr nmre otatt h rtclntoa and national critical the to contrast marked in were which ciency ” h ai da n hi rtclpractice critical their and ideas basic The fi ( Hovedstrømninger s h te eue.Tehato h atri ouei in it use to is matter the of heart The reduces. other the es, anCurrents Main “ h ihenhcentury eighteenth The fi al aetervltoso 88 l he phases three All 1848. of revolutions the came nally VN RKLARSEN ERIK SVEND Hovedstrømninger :23.Badswsas elaqane with acquainted well also was Brandes 233). 1: oe uoenltrtr rm10 o1848, to 1800 from literature European cover 22 ff oa utr rmtewrda large at world the from culture local a :376 6: ’ ewrsadsoaswere slogans and keywords s – ( Hovedstrømninger 7.Frt h dao free- of idea the First, 77). citoyen anCurrents Main n i world his and , ffi ute fits of culties ’ et in death s :14) 1: sthe as Main Downloaded By: 10.3.98.104 At: 18:22 30 Sep 2021; For: 9780203806494, chapter3, 10.4324/9780203806494.ch3 time nprdb iplt an,wt hmh tde nPrsdrn 1866 during Paris in studied authors he Beuve. of outlined whom Sainte here construction Charles with method, by the Taine, a also cultural as of Hippolyte broader search practice a by in a critical as inspired comparatist of also own a but topics also his perspective; and was through contemporary He studies a nature. literary in political between force and cultural bridged a who as comparatist new, or impetus. its old than erature, result freedom its rather for the being literatures quest as genre other certain out the process, a stand in this England of place, of and certain Germany centers wave a France, shifting movement. in literary tidal time, certain certain a troubled a through at the to the impact or where appeared decisive for most space moment the looked cultural had particular it the He a where on in forceful. in forces most Instead, zooming driving be always models. transnational again, another the ideal to back of volume then into one development and in them slice next, chronological turn the one in or to country one and from shifted boundaries Brandes national across did reaching nor o literatures, national to separate on want essays he accumulated of anthology an compile to oue,h u his xiv). put he 1922: volumes, Moritzen 26; 1980: Kristensen and Hertel in (Nolin kl rnrg 18) and (1882), Frankrig] poetry), i Skole nature to refers (naturalism inniFaki](1874), Frankrig] i tionen framework: that quasi-Hegelian complexity dynamic a in fe i tde nPrsBadssatdt rvl n ecniudt oso do to States continued United he the from and South, travel, the in to Italy to started North Brandes the in Paris Finland in from incessantly: studies his After exempli history, new literary a about up writing opened Germany practice and critical thinking into volumes: both program of ideological this way of translation The tteaeo hryh a led omda oprts ihafcso lit- on focus a with comparatist a as formed already was he thirty of age the At hnBadspitdi h 93peaet h ie eeto fthe of reception mixed the to preface 1923 the in pointed Brandes When otne t oeet u hsi o hthpee ee[fe 1800]. [after here and happened it what with not terms is to this comes pre- But period, movement. the incorporates previous its it of the suppressed, continues excesses from was the elements then does valuable what fought and exposed the having short having time forceful, after is some epoch, corrective that vious for and like After comprehensive reaction degenerate. true, a not A But contrary! backwards progress. a the means be Quite to reaction it! such as from reaction took Far I step. though as me misunderstand not Do “ uoenltrtr stetda h oaiyi a ensneteRenaissance the since been has it totality the as treated is literature European Dnrmnik kl ysln](1873), Tydskland] i Skole romantiske [Den mgatLiterature Emigrant ff rasre fqaicua ik ewe niiultxsadauthors and texts individual between links quasi-causal of survey a er fi gro xcl htpit h i fhsudraigwsnot was undertaking his of aim The point. that exactly on nger auaimi England in Naturalism h lblexperience global The on Germany Young Eirnlteaue](1872), [Emigrantlitteraturen] fi d utpeltrr xrsin ihnadialectical a within expressions literary multiple nds ER BRANDES GEORG h oatcSho nFrance in School Romantic The 23 Dtug ykad 19) o the For (1890). Tyskland] unge [Det Dneglk auaim](1875) Naturalisme] engelske [Den h ecini France in Reaction The ( Hovedstrømninger h oatcSho in School Romantic The ’ otat,mostly portraits, Dnromantiske [Den fi di h six the in ed :16) 1: – 7 but 67, [Reak- fi fi rst rst ” Downloaded By: 10.3.98.104 At: 18:22 30 Sep 2021; For: 9780203806494, chapter3, 10.4324/9780203806494.ch3 te swl swt on uhr rmaloe h ol h ogthsavc on advice his sought who had world and often the he Zealand over manuscripts, all New of from East, authors publication personal- young or Middle life international with revision cultural the with as and correspondence Asia, well works as extensive included ities literary his also periods Through on extended he America. comments for globe South stayed Through the also Italy. but on and 1883, elsewhere France to in 1877 from time Berlin of in residence up took ihpltclaaye n eot nrves rilsadclms( combined columns are and wrote articles surveys he reviews, historical Greece in and and reports Russia and literary Poland, analyses which Berlin, political From in with East. accounts the travel in Russia book-length to West the in ulf i dao niiulfedmadhsoia dynamics. Voltaire, historical and like freedom past individual the of from idea person his to a qualify published. in now crucial were qualities they great ( remained which the in of criticism presents situation translations who and the and re-editions for adapted work literature and his corrected he of possible Whenever importance Brandes. contemporary The eondopnn,apsto htwsfee yteropst oe ntespec- the in roles most opposite his their was by Brunetière fueled Ferdinand was where But that Sorbonne, tacular friends. position the personal a his at opponent, as accepted renowned others never among debate. was France political he Anatole and and cultural Clemenceau in Georges and criticism literary his in to referred he Brandes ntdSae 94hdpstv eetosi pt ftede the of spite in receptions positive had 1914 States United Brandes o in n eeiin nGra n nls.I i rtcloiur f12,Fernand 1927, of obituary critical his In Brandes English. condemned and Baldensperger German in re-editions and tions oit.H a e ihhtfleyes hateful with met was He society. emr n emn i euainnvrcae ooclaebtenngtv and negative between a oscillate his to Through ceased extremes. never positive reputation o his had Germany and Chicago Denmark of University the 1892 in already and English, English Japanese, on that based stressed 1927 and of mediator obituary central anonymous a The as translations. transition Brandes Xun German cultural post-imperial notably Lu the and with in China 1905, in applauded after was stance rebellious His super the to uea h nvriyo oehgn u rm10 ewsgvntergtt take to right the litera- given comparative was a in he After chair 1902 left. a from professor. political for but of 1891 Copenhagen, the title of in with the University down sided the turned he at was others, ture he among debate Edvard public brother heated his by 1884 143). 1927: (Baldensperger Bogen ffi nFac ewsa oei h ice fteclua n oiia lt,having elite, political and cultural the of circles the in home at was he France In eetees rne ee e ihuieslapoa,adpriual in particularly and approval, universal with met never Brandes Nevertheless, nohrpae,hwvr i oeas role his however, places, other In e lrdDefswowsfleyacsdo ihtesn(lue 1984). (Clausen treason high of accused falsely was who Dreyfus Alfred cer 0) u oeipraty rne loaotdnwiest further to ideas new adopted also Brandes importantly, more But 202). a ’ ’ ff “ ok r o ieytasae noFec,cmae otemn edi- many the to compared French, into translated widely not are works eetdlcuetust nln rmte19sadhsvstt the to visit his and 1890s the from England to tours lecture repeated ieDreyfus aire ilnl takdteatqae ulo nlf rviigi Danish in prevailing life on outlook antiquated the attacked violently fi ilt fiskoldeadtelc fsbtneo t edi its of substance of lack the and knowledge its of ciality (1894 h otmoayperspective contemporary The – 96,weeBadsvhmnl eeddteJewish the defended vehemently Brandes where 1906), VN RKLARSEN ERIK SVEND ffi ito ihteDns daily Danish the with liation ’ okas work ” 24 êenoir bête Hre n rsesn18:23.Also, 233). 1980: Kristensen and (Hertel “ boee e samti fe l,due all, after it admit us let obsolete, rvkdteopst reaction. opposite the provoked fi s-adrcrso h places the of records rst-hand fi ff iniso i spoken his of ciencies rdhmachair. a him ered “ Politiken ei contemporary is He Samlede one in founded , ” enotes he 1.He 11). fi ce ” Downloaded By: 10.3.98.104 At: 18:22 30 Sep 2021; For: 9780203806494, chapter3, 10.4324/9780203806494.ch3 ra edrhp nacn h mato ieauei otmoaycluewas culture contemporary exempli in is literature as of him, impact to the essential Enhancing as readership. remains thereby broad than and complex processes writer. historical more modern larger personality, any for as prism a contemporary a as becomes Shakespeare who heroic, constructs Brandes characters, nogetatadhwcnw td hspoes i nwrwsdandirectly drawn was transcending answer history, His of process? personalities this unique His study and time. turned own great we progress their the cultural can of through how ideas Nietzsche: and fermenting from the art are great how problem: into key his to answer i ueostlsfrbt ere n npcaie uine thm and charismatic home a at even times audiences at engaged, unspecialized an and as reputation learned Brandes deserved speaker. a both him for earned abroad talks numerous His a hsa n fteraosfrtehrhciiimh e rmclege,pre- colleagues, from met he criticism harsh be the to for wanted reasons he the because of cisely one as this saw self-su coa o nieya rit u lnigo h w adt categorize to hard two the of blending a but artist, an entirely ( nor scholar “ rejoinder, sharp a wrote niiulfedmfo utrlcntans u loudrie h ih of right moral the certain Hø suspending underlines Harald by philosopher constraints also Danish those The but bypass principles. to democratic constraints, and being human cultural superior from the freedom individual The Kilde]. Kulturens aiaim](89,gv itsh uoenfm,btti rsnainwas presentation this but fame, European Nietzsche gave modi (1889), Radikalisme] oorpso ersnaieidvdaswohv enisrmna nthe in instrumental huge of been series have e a an who composed history, signi human individuals He of personalities. representative unfolding historical on and monographs authors level. great new traying a onto process cultural the move to con humankind, the embrace to sonality hog eiuosraig fShakespeare of of translation a readings for way meticulous the paved Through and reprints many saw be can of hero-worshipping consists series of The scent superiority. its a than whi processes, rather mere greatness a the than more behind as detected individuals great the Cæsar aal,Hirc en,Hni be,Kookn n radCre,among Carrel, Shakespeare of Armand study hensive and 1921. Kropotkin, and 1877 Ibsen, between Ferdinand appeared Henrik Disraëli, that Benjamin Heine, others, Kierkegaard, Heinrich Søren on Lasalle, monographs smaller by panied (1895 Hovedstrømninger aristocratic hstp fprri losoe rne scpbeo rfigago tr o a for story good a crafting of capable as Brandes showed also portrait of type This nte18sh edtete nnw rerc itsh.Hr efudan found he Here Nietzsche. Friedrich unknown then the read he 1880s the In eeBadsdvlpdacmaaiemto n er:temngahpor- monograph the genre: a and method comparative a developed Brandes Here The fi fi – ac.Wt h hf nfcsfo h itrclpoessin processes historical the from focus in shift the With cance. ,1 ffi 96), di 80by 1890 in ed fi in lts.I h etpprBadsdwpae i aiaim changed radicalism, his downplayed Brandes paper next the In elitism. cient s ftemjrmonographs, major the of rst – 11)and (1918) 2 ofagGoethe Wolfgang ” to ’ “ great :1) u ewe 93ad12 hsqaiyas aehma him made also quality this 1926 and 1903 between But 12). 1: tl ssapadvbat ihpet fqoal hae,adhe and phrases, quotable of plenty with vibrant, and sharp is style fi “ s td fNietzsche, of study rst h ra a,teSuc fCulture of Source the Man, Great The ” fi ihlneoBuonarroti Michelangelo s td o nysrse h motneo transgressive of importance the stresses only not study rst n lcdmr mhsso h aaiyo h ra per- great the of capacity the on emphasis more placed and “ eortcRadicalism, Democratic fl ,1 cigdmnin fhstm n hrb,o eafof behalf on thereby, and time his of dimensions icting ’ oki t niey h nls rnlto f1898 of translation English The entirety. its in work s fi – db nessay an by ed (1915), 2 “ ff o rtcl o dctn,nihrcmltl a completely neither educating, now critical, now ER BRANDES GEORG ff lhuhBadssrse h nuac ftheir of endurance the stressed Brandes although , c htcagsterwrswt contemporary with works their charges that ect ila Shakespeare William 25 rnosVoltaire François “ rsortcRadicalism Aristocratic ,1 “ nReading On ’ niewr,fcsn nthe on focusing work, entire s – ” 12) hsgopwsaccom- was group This (1921). 2 onigt Brandes to pointing ,1 sas the also is , anCurrents Main ila Shakespeare William ” ” – (1916), 2 O ænn](1899). Læsning] [Om DtsoeMenneske, store [Det ff ig mn others, among ding, anCurrents Main ” [Aristokratisk fi au Julius Cajus ’ s compre- rst n1901 in dangerous ,1 – – to 5. ” 3 Downloaded By: 10.3.98.104 At: 18:22 30 Sep 2021; For: 9780203806494, chapter3, 10.4324/9780203806494.ch3 niiae oeo h seta onso icsin htaenwcnrlt the to central now are that Brandes discussions texts, of smaller of literature. points and end world essential known the of the lesser from study per- presence of his globalized increasing in some the an Particularly anticipated But has century. directly. and nineteenth work, literature the entire world his of permeates concept essay spective the the in discussed only Brandes is it However, Brandes 49). 2009: (Jørgensen Danish, success various without by but recommendation supporters, following international and times, Scandinavian thirteen nominee prize Nobel cec sagoa nelculpoesado h rvlge fnineteenth-century of travelogues of the progress of the and of process us reminds intellectual Brandes scienti global start a a as For 2004). science Madsen 2008; (Larsen 1820s h essay The Brandes is it literature, world as marketed be irrelevant. completely to is order it in that probable written highly is therefore something If context. ulprpciecrepnst hsdaetc:w a,adms,lo tliterature at look must, and can, we dialectics: this to corresponds perspective dual all of deprived present be is at reason that of very literature up which that A opening world. for languages the “ translocal may is the in matter everywhere be of the understandable diversity written will of immediately the works heart are towards the perspective Some But them local cultural world. not. the of others larger globalized languages, a some expanding to concrete, are not, perspective but others local the translated, Goethe, opens and in constraints as uni- no here, is There work interactions. process. and global at encounters the idealism accelerated translations versal also and press, modern vigor ede He eoearaiyadtruhteuie e united the through and reality term a the become died Goethe When isl eoetecne fwrdliterature. world of center the become himself eoe,a oga trtisauieslyhmnapc satadscience. and art it as heterogeneous aspect more human the universally the and a captivating it retains more in it the as appears long all national as become the becomes, will of mark future the the more of literature world The ” fi xeiin.H dsta dacsi rnprain omncto,the communication, transportation, in advances that adds He expeditions. c ’ ’ ( fi Samlede oorp nGeh nswt h olwn words: following the with ends Goethe on monograph ale hrceiaino oprtv tde nteiaeo telescopic a of image the in studies comparative of characterization earlier e ol ieauea oal nhrdltrtr httased t local its transcends that literature anchored locally a as literature world ned “ ol Literature World 2 8 ipybcuei osntbln oaycnrt historical concrete any to belong not does it because simply 28) 12: rne n ol literature world and Brandes h di The ” saflo-pt Goethe to follow-up a is ff ato flclliteratures local of raction VN RKLARSEN ERIK SVEND “ ol Literature World ol Literature World 26 ff rso aypol ehad he people many of orts hc ehdcetd had created, had he which , ” Vresitrtr 19)that (1899) [Verdenslitteratur] ’ ctee eak rmthe from remarks scattered s ( Samlede ( Goethe :331) 2: 2 28) 12: Downloaded By: 10.3.98.104 At: 18:22 30 Sep 2021; For: 9780203806494, chapter3, 10.4324/9780203806494.ch3 ev samdlfrhwt eukpmosreoi ngoa oiis( politics global in rhetoric pompous debunk to how for model a as serve studies. literary con for and new, departure exchanges or of translocal old point of literature, necessary culture When the from global becomes departure. derive diverse perspective not of a does point in perspective aesthetic circulates literature today or world literary a in immanent literature an study to reason The a ntewrd u h ol tefa a.Hsioi htrclaayi fthe of analysis rhetorical ironic His war. of at consequences itself the world the against another in but just warning Already not world, emperor was prospect: Wilhelm. the frightening he Kaiser in the 1880s under recognized war clearly when Germany the He Berlin, rising nationalism. from in militant the reports years of and six nationalism his articles the during saw concrete historically he increasingly became ideas magnifying lenses. the both diminishing through the positions, complementary and rather or alternating two from nldn e hpe rte n11 ntesu the on 1917 in written chapter new a including 74 ae Hu 07.Fo oiia nl,ti a h aein case the was this indivi- angle, discussed concrete political to Brandes a related nation-state, often From the terms, 2007). of cultural (Houe transnational heyday in cases the authors in and writing literatures dual was he as Even cultures. local of conditions, conservation own nostalgic prevent their the that on promote measures world the to translocal on not the precisely in but focused participating is from criticism cultures boundaries His minority local culture. across local dialogue the permanent into a politically of ideologically, result the linguistically, is culture local any view, inse hmh nwproal,i i oke nAmnah eeldthe revealed he eye- from Armenia accounts on ( of account booklet basis post-Holocaust his the any in On in as genocide. personally, vividly a Turkey, as up knew of in atrocities spoke victims Armenians he the as He whom especially 1900 minorities. witnesses and in Poland, of saw in he powers of position Jews whom regional Russia, troubled network by in the suppression the Finns against of Germany, in defence aware their scale in became global loudly also a he nation. on ture, individual He only any France. of trends Anatole level and the literary on Clemenceau and not Georges nations, cultural with see friendship him made long could which his parties, the ruined of and any with side aug- not and four could political to with gone correspondence had the his and to also English reacting including and personalities now German cultural the 1916, in foresee by out him printings made came mented that book globe The the war. around coming developments threatening the of analysis rne ol o ge oe u i praht ieauea battle a as literature to approach his But more. agree not could Brandes – sacrlayt i rwn wrns ftegoaie otx fmdr cul- modern of context globalized the of awareness growing his to corollary a As con and parallel of result a as war the saw Brandes As 7.Hs11 book 1914 His 77). ’ pehi uy10 oGra oute rosbudfrCiacnstill can China for bound troops volunteer German to 1900 July in speech s h lblzdclua approach cultural globalized The h ol tWar at World The rnntoa themes Transnational ER BRANDES GEORG fi s dto n i ale articles. earlier his and edition rst – 27 nuigtedvriyo h agrworld larger the of diversity the inducing Vresrgn otisapenetrating a contains [Verdenskrigen] ff rnso h rein,adit and Armenians, the of erings Samlede esn o grata non persona fl cigntoaim,he nationalisms, icting 7 3 17: – h ol tWar at World The ae nNorthern in Danes – 0.I Brandes In 20). nGermany in Samlede fl csthis icts fi l of eld 17: – , ’ Downloaded By: 10.3.98.104 At: 18:22 30 Sep 2021; For: 9780203806494, chapter3, 10.4324/9780203806494.ch3 cec aaimwso ogetiprac.Wa one a htTaine that was natural counted a on What reliance importance. heavy author the great the of that understanding no empathetic ( found an of through he texts Taine the was approached on paradigm obituary his science In texts. the Brandes be never sh asi h ocuint h atvlm of volume last the to conclusion the in says he As aigta h udmna on fve dpe ee[in here adopted view of [ point one. sonal fundamental the that saying ra esn h oa utr n agae hrce,asto mgso genre a or context. cultural images diverse of and set larger a a character, of a parts language, representative a and as is seen culture practice were local critical the his person, in great denominator common The 377) Moretti Franco in reading distant But writing. the own second- control from his always conclusions not and too-easy did drew tation he he everything then and read and and not reading, Now reader could hand teamwork. avid he of for an that out outside was aware cut he was not and Although he language. inside writer, to rapid character sensitivity a his of and study a emancipation to on the close was is Brandes focus fi discussing central when His together methodology contradiction. and theory mention To of or themes justice international global forgiveness, central and to trauma also migration, genocide. and society, cosmopolitanism risk resurfacing twentieth the literature: the on to sympathetic of been formalistic themes debate have transnational would the Brandes great contemporary last. the the trends: with with goes issue litera- three He oriented taking century. broadly forms diagnoses a simple and He in dogmatism, ture metaphysical preferences. and religious literary the experiments, his shows (1921) In Literature European of tes nteapa oteFec n uoenpbi ospotafi ra for among trial Zola, fair essay a Emile late support with his to angle, 1906 public literary to European a and 1897 From French 1984). from the (Clausen engagement to Dreyfus his Alfred appeal the in in case others, the also was rm sisngtv otat h nlssi modi is analysis The Shakespeare contrast. negative its from as drama passage a read he 1869, hmtco h itrclpa n h opeiyo t characters. its of complexity the and play historical the of thematic ra t n hnh ak.Fo hsdti rne edtefalyo power, of frailty con whole the the read captured Brandes he detail and this weakness, From and talks. power between he contrast then the and it, break hr osu sbltldb i ie ayPry fe ehsrfsdt disclose little to his bend refused to has needs he scene just the She after iii). to Percy, sc. points Lady II, He (Act wife, meaning. her of his to clusters by plans larger his speci belittled its and is to concreteness Hotspur contribute add also where only but not text, text a a of to imponderabilia the how literature: Samlede to.H utvtdhmefa neptei edr uddb i asoaeideas passionate his by guided reader, empathetic an as himself cultivated He ction. fi u,o h te ad rne snihrusseai o rirr nhsapproach. his in arbitrary nor unsystematic neither is Brandes hand, other the on But, h aege o i eta edns nteessay the in readings: textual his for goes same The ieyLrei Poetry in Large nitely :57). 7: … 1 h 4 Buginn21:129 2010: (Bourguignon 24) Ch. (1: h esnlve on s oee,ntarbitrary not however, is, point view personal The ] ’ elrdmto Mrti20) ewne ohv i oein nose his have to wanted He 2000). (Moretti method declared ” ” Søgmae mdnerpik ieausFremtid] Literaturs evropæiske den om [Spørgsmaalet DtuneitSa gdtuneitSoeiPein of Poesien] i Store uendeligt det og Smaa uendeligt [Det er I at1 Part VI, Henry VN RKLARSEN ERIK SVEND Methodology 28 ySaepaewt aihRomantic Danish with Shakespeare by – 1.Hsfcsi h oeo ealin detail of role the is focus His 41). fi fi eln ewe aahae quo- paraphrase, between line ne dadicroae into incorporated and ed anCurrents Main “ h In The pars-pro-toto anCurrents Main fi fi fi gradtraesto threatens and nger ” s ad u ewas he But hand. rst ieySaladthe and Small nitely ( Hovedstrømninger : “ “ tge without goes It ’ nteFuture the On es could sense s ’ edn.The reading. personality s saper- a is ] William fl icting fi city 6: Downloaded By: 10.3.98.104 At: 18:22 30 Sep 2021; For: 9780203806494, chapter3, 10.4324/9780203806494.ch3 od .(1925) E. Boyd, (1981) D.R. Asmundsson, oee,HH (1895) H.H. Boyesen, (2010) (ed.) A. Bourguignon, (1927) F. Baldensperger, eaancmsit iwa natv ate ntedvlpeto ol literature world of development Then the texts. in partner smaller lit- active his about an of ideas as number then, view basic studies. a into and his with made comes telescope, towards again together that attention he comparative studies, volumes our comparative the bulky will, direct and of the lens, erature himself end regard magnifying Brandes diminishing should position. the the We on central through refer- us. through a comparatism to wide-ranging famous him of closer him its secure principle him and themselves bring telescopic in work however, dual not his into do the of fell but size Practicing Brandes overwhelming, sheer 1930s, are the the into ences, with and together century the monographs, of became turn and the oblivion from scene global also Kierkegaard di greater the over English) and German, recognizable (French, are ( guages they two translations that adequate exploiting facilitate elementary by and so but boundaries strategies imprint, Andersen cultural discursive child local particularity. a across developed strong and linguistic he language a a spoken tive, with of of freedom because prose the world details, innovative the an travel created and translated a be in read is day, aihgatsc sKekgadwsinrd u ihteGra translation German a the while with abroad, But praised author ignored. minor was monograph a Kierkegaard his of Here of as example sphere. (1879) such prime literary a giant transnational as a Danish Andersen entering in cited encounter he by cultures enjoyed literary power smaller further of perspective imbalance translation the the of develops trenchantly Brandes speaks literature, and world on essay 1899 l uttosfo rne r rnltdb efo h aiheiin eerdt in to referred editions Danish the from me by translated are Brandes from quotations All 1 o,20,p.96 pp. 2007, com, l Press. os p 253 pp. Sons, fe i edya n ftems eondcmaait nteErpa and European the on comparatists renowned most the of one as heyday his After own his in fame European of author an Andersen, Christian Hans 1869 in Also ’ h ilorpy fEgihtasain r vial,te a efudatrteDanish the after found be can their they of available, year are the translations with English title If bibliography. the lean,l Allemagne, ’ nentoa fame. international s ’ – Angleterre “ 66. er Brandes, Georg pars-pro-toto – 104. “ er Brandes, Georg “ “ h oeyDane lonely the er rne (1842 Brandes Georg en ee Lang. Peter Bern: , er rne.Aitcai Radical Aristocratic Brandes. Georg øe Kierkegaard Søren rn ornsd Courants Grand fi s edition. rst esetv,hr eadn h aaiyo i rtn to writing his of capacity the regarding here perspective, ” tde rmTnLiteratures Ten from Studies ER BRANDES GEORG Bibliography ” saso cniainLiterature Scandinavian on Essays ” Note Wle 1955). (Wellek 29 ’ – cagsitletes er rne tl France, la et Brandes Georg intellectuels: échanges 1927), 17)Badsmre h einn of beginning the marked Brandes (1877) ” eu eltéauecomparée littérature de Revue ’ oceeadolqeperspec- oblique and concrete s e ok e okUniversity York New York: New , e ok hre Scribner Charles York: New , anCurrents Main ffi ute htatosin authors that culties “ major Samlede otn IndyPubl. Boston: , ” n h huge the and ieaylan- literary :368 7: , ) nhis In 2). – 71. ’ s Downloaded By: 10.3.98.104 At: 18:22 30 Sep 2021; For: 9780203806494, chapter3, 10.4324/9780203806494.ch3 lue,JS e. (1984) (ed.) J.S. Clausen, —— yefrh ..(1963) H.O. Dyrenforth, —— —— —— egr .(1963) H. Fenger, —— rne,G (1917) G. Brandes, —— —— —— —— rne,G (1869) G. Brandes, —— eamleSchriften Gesammelte etme 00.Icmlt emntrans., German Incomplete 2010). September adl.dk/adl_pub/forfatter/e_forfatter/e_forfatter.xsql? emntrans., German Gedanken h ad epeadLiterature and People Land, the kfe,18,p.188 pp. 1984, Skifter, (1842 d,Cpnae:Jsesno i,1966 Pio, og Jespersen Copenhagen: ed., etr Literature Century vnMle rsesn oehgn ien kfe,18,p.178 pp. 1984, Skifter, Tiderne Copenhagen: Kristensen, Møller Sven h ol tWar at World The trans., Brandes, Russia 7 pp. 1984, Skifter, Tiderne Copenhagen: Kristensen, Møller trans. Sven ed. 1, vol. asnadP .Mthl es)(1971), (eds.) Mitchell 262 M. pp. P. and Jansen 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 9. (1926) (1924) (1902 (1903) (1922) (1921) (1901 (1898) (1889) (1889) “ øe Kierkegaard Søren Andersen, Christian “ “ Choisis eGadHomme Grand Le “ “ D Theo Routledge. York: in New eds. forthcoming Thomsen, Banks, Rosendahl Mads William by translated emntrans., German “ “ – ..Adre o Æventyrdigter som Andersen H.C. yplt Taine Hyppolite e tr ense utrn Kilde Kulturens Menneske, store Det Verdenslitteratur mLæsning Om Armenien Hunnertalen . 1872) “ ila Shakespeare William – – – h In The 87. ;1924) 6; 5) “ Hellas ofagGoethe Wolfgang “ Bogen nty r Polen fra Indtryk ila Shakespeare William Nietzsche Friederich nty r Rusland fra Indtryk prsalto e voæseLtrtr Fremtid, Literaturs evropæiske den om Spørgsmaalet 10) p 365 pp. (1903), rsorts Radikalisme, Aristokratisk oesrmigridt1d ahnrdsLitteratur Aarhundredes 19de det i Hovedstrømninger ai:Pessuiestie eFrance. de universitaires Presses Paris: , 11) p 77 pp. (1914), , oehgn ydna,12.Egihtrans., English 1925. Gyldendal, Copenhagen: , fi ” dageSkrifter Udvalgte er rne tl rne afraind o srte e ot littéraires goûts ses et esprit son de formation La France. la et Brandes Georg ieySaladteIn the and Small nitely os 1 vols. , Verdenskrigen “ “ ald Skrifter Samlede . 10)and (1900) ” lrdDreyfus Alfred ” e edlg mao e edlg tr Poesien, i Store uendeligt det og Smaa uendeligt Det os 1 vols. , 10) o.1,p.74 pp. 17, vol. (1900), L 19) o.1,p.29 pp. 12, vol. (1899), – . ’ ” “ réi tl et Arménie 17) o.2 p 249 pp. 2, vol. (1877), 203. ” er rne gDreyfusa og Brandes Georg rgn et Origine er rne 1842 Brandes Georg 19) o.7 p 53 pp. 7, vol. (1893), ” – – oehgn ydna,18.Egihtrans., English 1888. Gyldendal, Copenhagen: , 19) o.1,p.23 pp. 12, vol. (1899), oehgn ydna,11.Egihtrans., English 1915. Gyldendal, Copenhagen: , – 7 469 67, 6. . in 99. – oehgn ydna,18.Egihtrans., English 1888. Gyldendal, Copenhagen: , (1909). 9. “ os 1 vols. , raieSiiso h ieenhCentury Nineteenth the of Spirits Creative . 94 t d,Cpnae:Gledl 96 nls trans., English 1916. Gyldendal, Copenhagen: ed., 4th 1914, , reino Europa og Armenien o.1 d vnMle rsesn oehgn Tiderne Copenhagen: Kristensen, Møller Sven ed. 1, vol. , os 1 vols. , fi – VN RKLARSEN ERIK SVEND ’ ” el civilisation la de n 74. Europe and ” – h oteg edri ol Literature World in Reader Routledge The so .W apln 90 nls rn.i Georg in trans. English 1960. Cappelen, W. J. Oslo: ,1895 3, ” – “ 10)and (1903) fi – – – 8 oehgn ydna,1899 Gyldendal, Copenhagen: 18. nhlg fDns ieaue els oPresent to Realism Literature. Danish of Anthology – endgn n Amnestie, und Begnadigung 77. 16) o.2 p 91 pp. 2, vol. (1869), ieyGeti Literature, in Great nitely 30 7 nls trans., English 67. 8 nls trans., English 48. 1927, – – 4 rnhtrans., French 64. 1.Gra trans., German 418. ” – ugwht Schriften Ausgewählte 6 oehgn ydna,11.English 1912. Gyldendal, Copenhagen: 96, 19) o.1,p.3 pp. 12, vol. (1890), ff ” – æren 8 nls trans., English 28. dctoa har Journal Theatre Educational ff ” (1903). i=&ncalpb acse 10 (accessed _id=2&nnoc=adl_pub> reinudEuropa und Armenien 10) o.1,p.3 pp. 17, vol. (1903), oehgn ..Rizl Selected Reitzel. C.A. Copenhagen: , os 1 vols. , ’ an éa oíge and Domínguez César haen, nRaig nEssay An Reading. On els rvl nGreece in Travels Hellas. ” “ anCret nNineteenth in Currents Main – yplt Taine, Hyppolyte dageSkrifter Udvalgte 3.Egihtrans., English 132. øe Kierkegaard Søren os 1 vols. , – 12) p 91 pp. (1923), – 87. ,1872 6, ” “ – ol Literature, World ” 2 rnhtrans., French 22. ofagGoethe Wolfgang nF .Billeskov J. F. in Poland ” (1903). in – dageSkrifter Udvalgte 0 rnhand French 20. ,15(2):143 – – odnand London , – 90