Annotated Check List of the Pyraloidea (Lepidoptera) of America North of Mexico
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
A peer-reviewed open-access journal ZooKeys 535: 1–1136Annotated (2015) check list of the Pyraloidea (Lepidoptera) of America North of Mexico 1 doi: 10.3897/zookeys.535.6086 CHECKLIST http://zookeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research Annotated check list of the Pyraloidea (Lepidoptera) of America North of Mexico Brian G. Scholtens1, M. Alma Solis2 1 BGS, Biology Department, College of Charleston, Charleston, SC, USA 29424 2 MAS, Systematic Ento- mology Laboratory, USDA, National Museum of Natural History, P.O. Box 37012, MRC 168, Washington, DC USA 20013-7012 Corresponding author: Brian G. Scholtens ([email protected]) Academic editor: Matthias Nuss | Received 16 June 2015 | Accepted 14 October 2015 | Published 13 November 2015 http://zoobank.org/CE652AF8-014F-41A4-99E7-8F8BF1C6B0A4 Citation: Scholtens BG, Solis AM (2015) Annotated check list of the Pyraloidea (Lepidoptera) of America North of Mexico. ZooKeys 535: 1–136. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.535.6086 Abstract An annotated check list of Pyraloidea of North America north of Mexico is presented, including 861 Crambidae and 681 Pyralidae with 1542 total species. It includes all new species described, tropical species with new records in the United States, and species introduced from Europe and Asia since 1983. The Notes section provides the seminal citations, data and/or commentary to all changes since 1983 for easy and future reference. In addition, this list proposes seven new generic combinations, the transfer of a phycitine species, Salebria nigricans (Hulst), to Epipaschiinae and its syn. n. with Pococera fuscolotella (Ragonot), and three new records for the United States. Purposefully, no new taxa are described here, but we found a gradual increase of 10% in the number of species described since 1983. Finally, we also include a list of thirteen species not included or removed from the MONA list. Many higher-level changes have occurred since 1983 and the classification is updated to reflect research over the last 30 years, including exclusion of Thyrididae and Hyblaeidae from the superfamily and recognition of Crambidae and Pyrali- dae as separate families. The list includes multiple changes to subfamilies based on morphology such as the synonymization of the Dichogamini with the Glaphyriinae, but also incorporating recent molecular phylogenetic results such as the synonymization of the Evergestinae with the Glaphyriinae. Keywords Canada, United States, Pyralidae, Crambidae, faunistics, introduced species, distribution Copyright B. G. Scholtens & M. A. Solis. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 2 B. G. Scholtens & M. A. Solis / ZooKeys 535: 1–136 (2015) Contents Introduction ............................................................................................................. 2 Check list ............................................................................................................... 11 Crambidae ..................................................................................................... 11 Pyraustinae ............................................................................................ 11 Spilomelinae .......................................................................................... 22 Odontiinae ............................................................................................ 40 Glaphyriinae .......................................................................................... 43 Musotiminae.......................................................................................... 48 Scopariinae ............................................................................................ 48 Crambinae ............................................................................................. 50 Schoenobiinae........................................................................................ 62 Lathrotelinae .......................................................................................... 63 Acentropinae ......................................................................................... 63 Pyralidae ........................................................................................................ 66 Chrysauginae ......................................................................................... 66 Galleriinae ............................................................................................. 69 Phycitinae .............................................................................................. 72 Epipaschiinae ......................................................................................... 99 Pyralinae .............................................................................................. 102 Omitted species ................................................................................................ 105 Notes ............................................................................................................... 106 Acknowledgements ............................................................................................... 123 References ............................................................................................................ 124 Introduction This check list is an update of the Pyraloidea by Munroe (1983) and Klots (1983) in Hodges et al. (1983) (hereafter referred to as the MONA check list) that is now over 30 years old. An updated list of Pyraloidea of North America north of Mexico is greatly needed because there have been many new species described, higher-level taxonomic and nomenclatural changes, additions and deletions, new synonymies and combina- tions, and new introductions to the fauna since 1983. The additional species included in this check list are from three primary sources: new- ly described species (Table 1), tropical species newly reported from the United States, and new introductions from Europe and Asia (Table 2). Species listed here are mostly estab- lished, breeding populations, but also include some strays and recent introductions which may not, ultimately, become established. This check list is also highly influenced by the publication in 1995 of the first check list of Neotropical pyraloids (hereafter known as the NTCL or Neotropical check list) (Munroe 1995a,b; Solis 1995; Solis, Becker and Mun- roe 1995; M. Shaffer and Solis 1995; J. Shaffer 1995). This list included many changes to Annotated check list of the Pyraloidea (Lepidoptera) of America North of Mexico 3 Table 1. Faunal additions as new species. Species Reference Note Species Reference Note Anania tennesseensis Yang et al. 2012 10 Dioryctria inyoensis Neunzig 2003 278 Herpetogamma Handfield and 40 Dioryctria sierra Neunzig 2003 278 sphingealis Handfield 2011 Palpita maritima Sullivan and Solis 2013 72 Dioryctria resinosella Mutuura 1982 279 Mutuura and Munroe Schacontia themis Goldstein et al. 2013 102 Dioryctria ebeli 281 1979 Blanchard and Knudson Mutuura and Munroe Eoreuma arenella 127 Dioryctria merkeli 281 1983a 1979 Mutuura and Munroe Diatraea mitteri Solis et al. 2015 128 Dioryctria yatesi 281 1979 Landry and Metzler Donahue and Neunzig Neodactria glenni 142 Dioryctria westerlandi 282 2002 2002 Landry and Brown Donahue and Neunzig Neodactria daemonis 143 Dioryctria fordi 282 2005 2002 Landry and Brown Dioryctria Mutuura and Neunzig Neodactria oktibbeha 143 283 2005 durangoensis 1986 Blanchard and Knudson Neodactria cochisensis Landry and Albu 2012 144 Dioryctria caesirufella 284 1983c La cerveza Landry 1995 148 Dioryctria taedivorella Neunzig and Leidy 1989 285 Parapediasia Landry 1995 151 Lipographis unicolor Ferris 2012b 289 torquatella Almita portalia Landry 1995 152 Acroncosa minima Neunzig 2003 294 Almita texana Landry 1995 152 Passadenoides donahuei Neunzig 2003 296 Chrysendeton Heppner 1991 176 Passadenoides pullus Neunzig 2003 296 nigrescens Blanchard and Knudson Passadenoides Petrophila heppneri 178 Ferris 2004 297 1983a montanus Blanchard and Knudson Paragalasa exospinalis Solis et al. 2013 191 Ancylosis balconiensis 308 1985c Penthesilea s. Solis et al. 2013 194 Palatka powelli Neunzig and Solis 1996 311 baboquivariensis Blanchard and Knudson Arta brevivalvalis Solis et al. 2013 203 Anderida peorinella 312 1985b Heliades lindae Solis et al. 2013 205 Mescinia texanica Neunzig 1997 317 Homoeosoma Goodson and Neunzig Acrobasis texana Neunzig 1986 221 320 phaeoboreas 1993 Homoeosoma Goodson and Neunzig Acrobasis juglanivorella Neunzig 1986 221 320 asylonnastes 1993 Goodson and Neunzig Acrobasis caulivorella Neunzig 1986 221 Homoeosoma oxycercus 320 1993 Homoeosoma Goodson and Neunzig Acrobasis kylesi Neunzig 1986 221 320 ammonastes 1993 Homoeosoma Goodson and Neunzig Crocidomera imitata Neunzig 1990 232 320 pedionnastes 1993 Homoeosoma Goodson and Neunzig Myelopsoides venustus Neunzig 1998 235 320 eremophasma 1993 Homoeosoma Goodson and Neunzig Pima fergusoni Neunzig 2003 245 320 ardaloniphas 1993 Homoeosoma Blanchard and Knudson Pimodes caliginosus Neunzig 2003 246 322 parvalbum 1985c 4 B. G. Scholtens & M. A. Solis / ZooKeys 535: 1–136 (2015) Species Reference Note Species Reference Note Homoeosoma Ambesa dentifera Neunzig 2003 249 Neunzig 2003 324 nanophasma Catastia subactualis Neunzig 2003 250 Laetilia cinerosella Neunzig 1997 330 Salebriaria borealis Neunzig 1988 252 Laetilia bellivorella