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A Case Study at KEK Look Tong Cave, Perak
International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology Vol. 29, No. 1, (2020), pp. 1435- 1454 Cave Stability and Sustainable Development: A Case Study At KEK Look Tong Cave, Perak 1Ailie Sofyiana Serasa, 2Goh Thian Lai, 2Nur Amanina Mazlan 1School of Engineering, Asia Pacific University of Technology & Innovation, 57000 Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 2Geology Program, Center of Earth Science and Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor Abstract The beauty of karst terrains of limestone caves attracts many tourists due to its unique architecture. In Malaysia, some of the caves have been converted into religion caverns. However there is no systematic guideline to evaluate the stability and sustainability of the cave and cave wall. This research paper presents a systematic approach for the assessment of limestone cave stability using Q system and Slope Mass Rating (SMR) at Kek Look Tong, Perak. Based on the assessment of Slope Mass Rating (SMR), the entire cave walls were classified from class II to IV. The cave walls without potential failure were classified into class II. 10 out of 33 cave walls were identified to have potential wedge and planar failure with the SMR score from 36 to 78.5. The cave wall of GR2-1 and GR2-2 were classified as class II to III (stable to partially stable) and class II (stable) respectively. The cave wall of GR4-2, GR4-6, GR4-8 and GR4-9 were classified as class II (stable). The cave wall GR4-4 was classified as class III (partially stable). Cave wall of GR4-1 was classified as class IV (unstable). -
ARE WE ASHAMED of IPOH’S GLORIOUS PAST? by Jerry Francis “City That Tin Built” – About Sums up the History of Ipoh and Its Heritage
www.ipohecho.com.my JUNE 1 DEADLINE If you want to continue receiving the Ipoh Echo every fortnight with your daily newspaper, please IPOH inform your newsvendor. echoYour Voice In The Community See box on the right. echo May 16-31, 2010 PP 14252/10/2010(025567) FREE COPY ISSUE 97 rom 1st June please inform your news vendor to deliver the >> Pg 3 >> Pg 4 FIpoh Echo every fortnight if you wish to continue receiving your community paper. We are still a free paper. To help us defray PROTECTING THE LET’S NOT REMAIN INNOCENTS our distribution costs, we’re asking you, dear reader, to pay your A BACKWATER news vendor 30¢ per issue for delivery, i.e., a cost of 60¢ per month. A small sum for you to keep up with the latest news and information of your Ipoh community. Thank you for your continuing support of the Ipoh Echo – Your Voice of the Ipoh Community. ARE WE ASHAMED OF IPOH’S GLORIOUS PAST? By Jerry Francis “City That Tin Built” – about sums up the history of Ipoh and its heritage. These four words are also an effective slogan to promote the city. Not “Bougainvillea City” or by any other slogans. On May 27 Ipoh will celebrate its 22nd anniversary as a city. But it is sad that through all those years nothing seems to have been done to reflect its glorious past as the centre of the tin mining industry which had been so significant in the economic development of the country. The tin mining industry has since collapsed; the history of the city will also slowly fade away and be forgotten. -
Cadangan Surau-Surau Dalam Daerah Untuk Solat Jumaat Sepanjang Pkpp
JAIPK/BPM/32/12 Jld.2 ( ) CADANGAN SURAU-SURAU DALAM DAERAH UNTUK SOLAT JUMAAT SEPANJANG PKPP Bil DAERAH BILANGAN SURAU SOLAT JUMAAT 1. PARIT BUNTAR 3 2. TAIPING 8 3. PENGKALAN HULU 2 4. GERIK 8 5. SELAMA 4 6. IPOH 25 7. BAGAN SERAI 2 8. KUALA KANGSAR 6 9. KAMPAR 4 10. TAPAH 6 11. LENGGONG 4 12. MANJUNG 3 13. SERI ISKANDAR 5 14. BATU GAJAH 2 15. BAGAN DATUK Tiada cadangan 16. KAMPUNG GAJAH 1 17. MUALLIM 4 18. TELUK INTAN 11 JUMLAH 98 JAIPK/BPM/32/12 Jld.2 ( ) SURAU-SURAU DALAM NEGERI PERAK UNTUK SOLAT JUMAAT SEPANJANG TEMPOH PKPP DAERAH : PARIT BUNTAR BIL NAMA DAN ALAMAT SURAU 1. Surau Al Amin, Parit Haji Amin, Jalan Baharu, 34200 Parit Buntar, Perak Surau Al Amin Taman Murni, 2. Kampung Kedah, 34200 Parit Buntar, Perak Surau Ar Raudah, 3 Taman Desa Aman, 34200, Parit Buntar, Perak DAERAH : TELUK INTAN BIL NAMA DAN ALAMAT SURAU 1. Surau Al Huda, Taman Pelangi, 36700 Langkap, Perak 2. Madrasah Al Ahmadiah, Perumaham Awam Padang Tembak, 36000 Teluk Intan, Perak 3. Surau Taman Saujana Bakti, Taman Saujana Bakti, Jalan Maharajalela, 36000 Teluk Intan, Perak 4. Surau Taman Bahagia, Kampung Bahagia, 36000 Teluk Intan, Perak. 5. Surau Al Khairiah, Lorong Jasa, Kampung Padang Tembak, 36000 Teluk Intan, Perak. 6. Surau Al Mujaddid, Taman Padang Tembak, 36000 Teluk Intan, Perak. 7. Surau Taufiqiah, Padang Tembak, 36000 Teluk Intan, Perak 8. Surau Tul Hidayah, Kampung Tersusun, Kampung Padang Tembak Dalam, 36000 Teluk Intan, Perak Surau Al Mudassir, 9. RPA 4, Karentina', Batu 3 1/2, Kampung Batak Rabit, 36000 Teluk Intan, Perak Surau Kolej Vokasional ( Pertanian ) Teluk Intan, 10. -
Malaysia (Including Borneo)
Destination Information Guide Malaysia (Including Borneo) Big Five Tours & Expeditions, USA Big Five Tours & Expeditions Ltd. Canada 1551 SE Palm Court, Stuart, FL 34994 80 Corporate Drive Unit 311 Tel: 772-287-7995 / Fax: 772-287-5990 Scarborough, Ontario M1H 3G5 Canada 800 BIG FIVE (800-244-3483) Tel: +416-640-7802 / Fax: 1-647-463-8181 www.bigfive.com & www.galapagos.com Toll Free: 888- 244-3483 Email: [email protected] www.bigfivetours.ca Email: [email protected] Welcome to the World of Big Five! The following general outline offers practical information, suggestions and answers to some frequently asked questions. It is not intended to be the definitive guide for your trip. Big Five Tours & Expeditions is pleased to welcome you on this exciting adventure. We take great care to insure that your travel dreams and expectations are well met. Our distinctive journeys allow you to experience the finest aspects each destination has to offer. We also aim to provide you with a deeper understanding of and appreciation for the places you’ll visit and the people you’ll meet. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Elevation: 72 feet Latitude: 03 07N Longitude: 101 33E Average Temperature Years on Record: 21 YEAR Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May Jun. Jul. Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec. °F 82 81 82 82 83 83 82 82 82 82 82 81 81 Average High Temperature Years on Record: 21 YEAR Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May Jun. Jul. Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec. °F 89 89 90 91 90 90 90 89 89 89 89 88 88 Average Low Temperature Years on Record: 21 YEAR Jan. -
Kinta Valley, Perak, Malaysia
Geological Society of Malaysia c/o Department of Geology University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur +603-79577036 (voice) +603-79563900 (fax) [email protected] http://www.gsm.org.my/ PERSATUAN GEOLOGI MALAYSIA GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF MALAYSIA COUNCIL 2013-2014 PRESIDENT : PROF. DR. JOY JACQUELINE PEREIRA (UKM) VICE-PRESIDENT : DR. MAZLAN MADON (PETRONAS) IMM. PAST PRESIDENT : DATO’ YUNUS ABDUL RAZAK (JMG) SECRETARY : MR. LING NAN LEY (JMG) ASSISTANT SECRETARY : MR. LIM CHOUN SIAN (UKM) TREASURER : MR. AHMAD NIZAM HASAN (GEOSOLUTION RESOURCES) EDITOR : ASSOCIATE PROF. DR. NG THAM FATT (UM) COUNCILLORS : MR. TAN BOON KONG (CONSULTANT) DR. NUR ISKANDAR TAIB (UM) DR. TANOT UNJAH (UKM) DR. SAMSUDIN HJ TAIB (UM) DR. MEOR HAKIF AMIR HASSAN (UM) MR. ROBERT WONG (PETRONAS) MR. NICHOLAS JACOB (JKR) MR. ASKURY ABD KADIR (UTP)* NATIONAL GEOSCIENCE CONFERENCE 2013 ORGANIZING COMMITTEE CHAIRMAN : DR. KAMALUDIN B. HASSAN (JMG PERAK) TECHNICAL CHAIRMAN : MR. HJ. ASKURY B. ABD. KADIR (UTP) TREASURER : MR. AHMAD NIZAM B. HASAN (GSM) SECRETARY/MEDIA : MS SUZANNAH BT AKMAL (JMG PERAK) ASST. SECRETARY : MR. MOHD. SHAHRIZAL B. MOHAMED SHARIFODIN (JMG PERAK) REGISTRATION : MR. LING NAN LEY (GSM) MS ANNA LEE (GSM) PRE-CONFERENCE FIELDTRIP AND : MR. HAJI ISMAIL B. IMAN (JMG PERAK) SPOUSE PROGRAM SPONSORSHIPS : MR AHMAD ZUKNI B. AHMAD KHALIL (JMG MALAYSIA) TEXT FOR SPEECHES : TUAN RUSLI B. TUAN MOHAMED (JMG PERAK) HOTEL AND ACCOMODATION : MR. MOHAMAD SARI B. HASAN (JMG PERAK) PROTOCOL AND SOUVENIRS : MS. MARLINDA BT DAUD (JMG MALAYSIA) COMMITTEE MEMBERS : MR. YUSNIN B. ZAINAL ABIDIN (IPOH CITY COUNCIL) MR SAW LID HAW (PERAK QUARRIES ASSOC.) PPeerrssaattuuaann GGeeoollooggii MMaallaayyssiiaa GGeeoollooggiiccaall SSoocciieettyy ooff MMaallaayyssiiaa PPrroocceeeeddiinnggss ooff tthhee NNAATTIIOONNAALL GGEEOOSSCCIIEENNCCEE CCOONNFFEERREENNCCEE 22001133 Kinta Riverfront Hotel and Suites, Ipoh 8-9th June 2013 Edited by: Nur Iskandar Taib Co-organizers: Copyright: Geological Society of Malaysia, 2013-05-29 All rights reserved. -
Senarai Pakar/Pegawai Perubatan Yang Mempunyai
SENARAI PAKAR/PEGAWAI PERUBATAN YANG MEMPUNYAI NOMBOR PENDAFTARAN PEMERIKSAAN KESIHATAN BAKAL HAJI BAGI MUSIM HAJI 1440H / 2019M HOSPITAL & KLINIK KERAJAAN NEGERI PERAK TEMPAT BERTUGAS BIL NAMA DOKTOR (ALAMAT LENGKAP DAERAH HOSPITAL & KLINIK) Pejabat Kesihatan Daerah Kinta Jalan Aman, 1. DR ASMAH BT ZAINAL ABIDIN 31000 Batu Gajah, KINTA Perak Darul Ridzuan. Pejabat Kesihatan Daerah Kinta DR. HAIRUL IZWAN BIN ABDUL Jalan Aman, 2. KINTA RAHMAN 31000 Batu Gajah, Perak Darul Ridzuan. Klinik Kesihatan Jelapang DR FAUZIAH BINTI ABDUL 3. 30020 Ipoh, KINTA KARRIM Perak Klinik Kesihatan Jelapang DR MOHD SUZUKI BIN ABD 4. 30020 Ipoh, KINTA RAHMAN Perak Klinik Kesihatan Chemor DR MOHAMMAD ZAWAWI BIN 5. 31200 Chemor,Perak KINTA ABU BAKAR Klinik Kesihatan Kampung Simee, 6. DR ROZIANITA BT MUTAZAH KINTA 31400 Ipoh, Perak SENARAI PAKAR/PEGAWAI PERUBATAN YANG MEMPUNYAI NOMBOR PENDAFTARAN PEMERIKSAAN KESIHATAN BAKAL HAJI BAGI MUSIM HAJI 1440H / 2019M HOSPITAL & KLINIK KERAJAAN NEGERI PERAK TEMPAT BERTUGAS BIL NAMA DOKTOR (ALAMAT LENGKAP DAERAH HOSPITAL & KLINIK) Pejabat Kesihatan Daerah Kinta DR AWANIS BINTI MUHAMMAD Jalan Aman, 7. KINTA SHARIF 31000 Batu Gajah, Perak Darul Ridzuan. DR KHAIRUL LAILI BINTI Klinik Kesihatan Greentown, 8. KINTA KAMARUZAMAN 30450 Ipoh,Perak Klinik Kesihatan Jelapang DR NOR AINI SALMI BINTI AZ 9. 30020 Ipoh, KINTA MUZNI Perak Klinik Kesihatan Gunung Rapat, DR SAIDATUL AKMAR BINTI 10. Jalan Gunung Rapat,31350 KINTA MOHAMMAD REDZUAN Ipoh,Perak DR NORDIANA @KAUTHAR BT Klinik Kesihatan Tronoh, 11. KINTA ABD RASID 317500 Tronoh,Perak Hospital Batu Gajah DR AMIR AIMAN BIN Jalan Changkat, 12. KINTA MOKHTAR 31000 Batu Gajah, Perak Darul Ridzuan. SENARAI PAKAR/PEGAWAI PERUBATAN YANG MEMPUNYAI NOMBOR PENDAFTARAN PEMERIKSAAN KESIHATAN BAKAL HAJI BAGI MUSIM HAJI 1440H / 2019M HOSPITAL & KLINIK KERAJAAN NEGERI PERAK TEMPAT BERTUGAS BIL NAMA DOKTOR (ALAMAT LENGKAP DAERAH HOSPITAL & KLINIK) Hospital Batu Gajah DR NOORATIQAH BT AHMAD Jalan Changkat, 13 KINTA FAUZI 31000 Batu Gajah, Perak Darul Ridzuan. -
Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-03840-0 — Planting Empire, Cultivating Subjects Lynn Hollen Lees Index More Information
Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-03840-0 — Planting Empire, Cultivating Subjects Lynn Hollen Lees Index More Information Index Abdul Majid bin Zainuddin, 154, 289 anti-colonialism, 204, 249, 298, 301, 303, Abdul Rahman, 20 306, 313 Abdullah bin Abdul Kadi, 141 Anti-Enemy (Japanese) Backing Up Abdullah, Raja, 101 Societies, 268, 305, 308 Abdullah, Sultan of Kedah, 1, 10, Anti-Japanese Salvation Associations, 305 17, 22 Anti-Opium Movement, 161, 162, 163 Abdullah, Sultan of Perak, 18, 19 Anti-Slavery and Aborigines’ Protection Abu Bakar, Sultan of Johore, 119, 208 Society, 183 Adas, Michael, 200 Anti-Slavery Society, 55 administration, local, 38, 118, See also Arokiasamy, s/o Soosai, 323 governance: municipal Arumgan, Karthigesu, 181 African National Congress, 304 Asian Estate Owners Association, 181 Agent of the Government of India, 240 associations agricultural imperialism, 189 Chinese, 329 agricultural show, 154 clan and surname, 260 agriculture, 23, 30 multi-ethnic, 151, 153, 154, 161, 163 export, 178 service, 261 industrial, 99 voluntary, 243, 260 Ahmadiyya movement, 302 Ayer Tawar estate, 201 Ainsworth, Leopold, 181, 184, 198, 199, 207 Baba Chinese. See Straits Chinese Aikin, Reverend Hamilton, 289 Badan Warisan Malaysia, 319 Alexander, J.G., 162 Bagan Serai, 109 Al-Imam, 233 Baker, Alan, 203 All Malaya Muslim Missionary Society, Balan, Moses, 322 302 Balestier, Joseph, 25 Alliance Party, 313 Ban An T’ai, 274 Alor Star, 107, 124 banishment, 305 American Methodist Episcopal Banishment Act, 164 Mission, 209 Baring and Co, 28 Amrith, Sunil, 6 Batu Gajah, 105, 141 Andaya, Barbara Watson, xii, 2 celebrations, 287 Andaya, Leonard, 290 Batu Kawan, 24, 30, 98, 102 Anderson School, 148, 230 cemeteries, 329 Anderson, Clare, 42 estate, 25, 32, 52, 56, 61, 64, Anderson, Ian, 320 71, 75, 86, 92, 93 Anderson, Sir John, 168 Begbie, P. -
An Audit of Diabetes Control and Management (DRM-ADCM) January – December 2009
Diabetes Registry Malaysia (DRM) Report of An Audit of Diabetes Control and Management (DRM-ADCM) January – December 2009 Editors: Dr Mastura Ismail, Dr Jamaiyah Haniff, Prof Dato’ Wan Mohamed Wan Bebakar With contributions from: Dr Lee Ping Yein, Dr Syed Alwi Syed Abd Rahman, Dr Cheong Ai Theng, Dr Chew Boon How, Dr Sazlina Shariff Ghazali, Dr Zaiton Ahmad, Dr Nafiza Mat Nasir, Dr Sri Wahyu Taher, Dr Mohd Fozi Kamaruddin, Dr Mastura Ismail, Dr Zanariah Hussein, Dr GR Letchuman Ramanathan Diabetes Registry Malaysia (DRM-ADCM) is funded by a grant from the Ministry of Health, Malaysia 1 Published by, Diabetes Registry Malaysia (DRM-ADCM) 1st Floor, MMA House 124 Jalan Pahang 53000 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Telephone : (603) 40443060/ 3070 Direct Fax : (603) 40443080 Email : [email protected] Website : www.acrm.org.my/adcm This report is copyrighted. Reproduction and dissemination of this report in part or in whole for research, educational or other non-commercial purposes are authorised without any prior written permission from the copyright holders provided the source is fully acknowledged. Important information: The information in this report only represents selected Ministry of Health clinics and therefore is not representative of national statistics. In case of doubts, readers are advised to seek clarification from the editors of this report. Suggested citation: Mastura I, Jamaiyah H, Wan Mohamad WB (Eds). Diabetes Registry Malaysia: Report of An Audit Of Diabetes Control and Management (January- December 2009), Kuala Lumpur 2010 This report -
Clarification of Hermann H. Kunstler's Botanical Collecting Localities In
Gardens’ Bulletin Singapore 65(2): 149–156. 2013 149 Clarification of Hermann H. Kunstler’s botanical collecting localities in Peninsular Malaysia Ruth Kiew Forest Research Institute Malaysia, 52109 Kepong, Selangor, Malaysia [email protected] ABSTRACT. Kunstler’s collections made in Gopeng, Perak, in 1880 had labels wrongly printed with ‘Larut’; herbarium specimens from Ulu Bubong, Ulu Kerling, and Sungai Kul were wrongly localised as from Perak instead of from Selangor; ‘G.M.’ on Kunstler’s labels from his 4th expedition to Gopeng in 1885, which included plants restricted to limestone, refers to Gunung Mesah south of Gopeng (not Gunung Megua or Gunung Malacca, names that do not exist, nor does it refer to Gunung Bujang Melaka, a granite peak south of Kampar, Perak); lastly ‘near G.M.’ probably refers to Gunung Tempurong, Perak. Paraboea capitata Ridl. and P. vulpina Ridl., both strict calcicoles, were not collected from G. Bujang Melaka as was reported by Ridley. Keywords. Gopeng, Gunung Bujang Melaka, Gunung Mesah, Gunung Tempurong, limestone, Perak, Selangor, Ulu Bubong Introduction The first Flora to deal with Peninsular Malaysia was J.D. Hooker’s seven volumeFlora of British India (1872–1897) based on herbarium collections at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, U.K., and Calcutta, India. However, owing to a paucity of herbarium specimens at that time the results are very incomplete. George King, Director of the Royal Botanic Garden Calcutta, therefore organised systematic botanical collecting in Peninsular Malaysia in order to enable him to undertake the first detailed and comprehensive Materials for a Flora of the Malay Peninsula (begun in 1889 and completed together with other botanists in 1936). -
George Town Or Georgetown , Is the Capital of the State of Penang In
George Town[1] or Georgetown[2], is the capital of the state of Penang in Malaysia. Named after Britain's King George III, George Town is located on the north-east corner of Penang Island and has about 220,000 inhabitants, or about 400,000 including the suburbs. Formerly a municipality and then a city in its own right, since 1976 George Town has been part of the municipality of Penang Island, though the area formerly governed by the city council is still commonly referred to as a city, and is also known as Tanjung ("The Cape") in Malay and 喬治市 (Qiáozhì Shì) in Chinese. [edit]History George Town was founded in 1786 by Captain Francis Light, a trader for the British East India Company, as base for the company in the Malay States. He obtained the island of Penang from the Sultan of Kedah and built Fort Cornwallis on the north-eastern corner of the island. The fort became the nexus of a growing trading post and the island's population reached 12,000 by 1804. The town was built on swampy land that had to be cleared of vegetation, levelled and filled. The original commercial town was laid out between Light Street, Beach Street (then running close to the seashore), Malabar Street (subsequently called Chulia Street) and Pitt Street (now called Masjid Kapitan Keling Street). The warehouses and godowns extended from Beach Street to the sea. By the 1880s, there were ghauts leading from Beach Street to the wharf and jetties as Beach Street receded inland due to land reclamation. -
ANNUALREPORT 2 0 1 4 Star Publications (Malaysia) Berhad
ANNUAL REPORT 2014 Star Publications (Malaysia) Berhad (10894-D) CHARTING THE COURSE The theme for this year’s Annual Report aptly describes 2014 for The Star media group. Having taken measurable steps to refocus and redefine our business, the year saw the Group embark on several unprecedented initiatives to reinforce our position within the media landscape. This marks the beginning of a company that is focused on ‘charting its own course’ through bold endeavours and continuously pushing the boundaries of the industry. After all, one thing remains true — our steadfast commitment to providing value-added solutions and our pursuit of quality and compelling content, to better serve our audiences, partners and stakeholders. 2014 LANDMARK ACHIEVEMENTS 2014 LANDMARK ACHIEVEMENTS BraVE VIEWS, BOLD IDEAS CAMPAIGN The Purpose TO REMIND READERS THAT THE STAR HAS ALWAYS BEEN AND WILL ALWAYS BE OPEN TO BRAVE VIEWS AND BOLD IDEAS TEMPERED BY THE VOICE OF MODERATION. In saying so, we turned to Malaysians and asked them about the well-being of our country. Our survey revealed a yearning amongst our readers for a more moderate state of affairs in Malaysia. Malaysians support 9/10 a moderate Malaysia think Malaysia believe that political, racial and isn’t moderate religious issues are hindering a 58% enough 65% moderate Malaysia SOURCE: THE STAR MODERATION SURVEY 2014 n = 5,939 To set the right tone, we reached out to our stable of columnists who voiced their views on a Moderate Malaysia. ‘Brave Views, Bold Ideas’ represents what we stand for, and is our guiding principle in ensuring our editorial content is open, rational and moderate. -
The Characteristics and Origin of Some Limestone Caves in the Sungai Perak Basin
Geological Society of Malaysia Annual Geological Conference 2000 September 8-9 2000, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia The Characteristics and Origin of Some Limestone Caves in the Sungai Perak Basin Ros FATIHAH & YEAP EE BENG Department of Geology,University of Malaya 50603 Kuala Lumpur Abstract Caves are commonly found in limestone hills throughout Sungai Perak Basin as a result of the action of various factors such as structure, drainage and previous climate, which control the rising and lowering of previous sea levels and determines the level of the groundwater table. Their characteristics such as the levels of the caves, shape, cave deposits as well as the origin are significantly related to the surrounding rocks and climate during the Quaternary. These caves were interpreted to have been formed by the action of freshwater. The active caving in Gua Tempurung is made possible by the constant allogenic water source from the neighbouring granitic hill. Some chambers are still being enlarged by percolating meteoric water through cracks and joints and form vertical and horizontal scallops. Sifat dan Asalan Sebahagian Gua Batu Kapur di Lembangan Sungai Perak Abstrak Gua merupakan fitur yang biasa ditemui di kawasan perbukitan batu kapur sepanjang Lembangan Sungai Perak hasil tindakan pelbagai faktor seperti struktur, saliran dan iklim awal yang bertindak mengawal kenaikan dan penurunan aras Iaut yang menentukan tahap permukaan air bawah tanah. Sifat seperti kedudukan gua, bentuk, endapan gua termasuk asalannya merupakan unsur penting berkaitan dengan sekitaran batuan dan iklim semasa Kuaterner. Gua-gua ini ditafsirkan terbentuk kesan tindakan air tawar. Aktiviti penguaan yang aktif di Gua Tempurung disebabkan oleh sumber air alogenik dari perbukitan granit yang berdekatan.