: Rapid Multi-Cluster Assessment Initial Findings for AHCT Discussion | 12 April 2015

Using the summary report

This report should inform the AHCT post-assessment discussion. The information summarized here – as well as discussions with assessment team leaders – will help AHCT members to review the points outlined in the post-assessment guide. Main topics to consier when reviewing the report:  Review affected people’s priorities and locations  Estimate overall caseloads in consultation with assessment team leaders (i.e., for each priority need identified, about how many people should partners plan to assist?)  Match priorities, locations and estimated caseloads to existing response capacity (i.e., agree who has operational capability to meet the identified needs)  Identify gaps to be filled by potential pooled fund applications (i.e., which priority needs cannot be achieved with existing capacity?)

Overview

The assessment surveyed 46 key informants from five Districts in Aden: , Dar Sa’ad, Khormaksar, Mansura and . Key informants included IDPs, host community members, women, health workers, teachers, shop keepers and local community leaders. Two questionnaires were incomplete and excluded. In this report, answers from 44 questionnaires are analysed. Assessed Districts exhibit a very high level of need. Needs are not primarily concentrated among IDPs or any other single group. Of 23 potential “serious problems”, key informants in five Districts identified between 17 and 22 per District, covering basic life-saving and protection needs. In such a high-need environment, partners should prioritize rapid response based on the top priorities of affected communities. The top three priorities identified by key informants across Districts are safety, food and WASH. Some variation in priority-setting exists within Districts; this is summarized in the tables below. For example, health is not among the top three priorities across Districts. However, it is a frequent “runner-up” for priorities across Districts. This initial report summarizes all identified “serious problems” and provides more analysis on the serious problems that were also identified as top priorities. Partners looking for more data on other serious problems can refer to the Excel file with full survey results.

Displacement

 Overall, 97% of key informants report that people had to leave their homes during the recent crisis. This result is shared across Districts.  Needs are not primarily concentrated among IDPs; host communities and local residents who did not move also report significant levels of need. In general, respondents report that identified problems affect all segments of the population.  Very few respondents reported problems between IDPs and host communities. Of 29 respondents who answered the question, 72% report that there have not been problems between host communities and IDPs. An additional four indicated they did not know, and four reported there had been problems (two in Mansura and two in Dar Sa’ad). These problems were due to water scarcity and overcrowding.

Identified IDP sites by District:

Crater Dar Sa’ad Khormaksar Mansura Mualla

Al Qare’a Dar Sa’ad White City Al Shaboti Mualla

Priority needs

Three priorities were identified across all Districts: safety and security, food and WASH. The sections below provide more detail on each of these priorities. The tables in each section summarize how top priority

www.unocha.org The mission of the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) is to mobilize and coordinate effective and principled humanitarian action in partnership with national and international actors. Coordination Saves Lives Aden Rapid Assessment | Initial Findings | 12 April 2015 | 2 choices were allocated per District. The most frequently cited categories are coloured red. In cases where a priority in a specific District is different to the overall priority across Districts, a partner with capacity in that sector may wish to intervene in that area. Priority 1: Safety and security

Priority Responses Per cent Crater Dar Sa’ad Khormaksar Mansura Mualla (Sector) (Total) (Of total) (reponses) (reponses) (reponses) (reponses) (reponses)

Safety 27 60% 6 2 8 3 8

Food 9 20% 0 4 3 0 2

Health 3 7% 2 1 0 0 0

Shelter 2 4% 0 0 0 2 0

WASH 1 2% 0 0 0 1 0

Electricity 1 2% 0 1 0 0 0

Blank 1 4% 0 1 0 1 0

Answers related to safety and security focused mainly on the effects of armed conflict in respondents’ areas. Besides advocacy for respect for international humanitarian law and international human rights law – as well as conintuous advocacy for humanitarian pauses in conflict – humanitarian partners have limited capacity to resolve this issue in the immediate term.

Priority 2: Food

Priority Responses Per cent Crater Dar Sa’ad Khormaksar Mansura Mualla (Sector) (Total) (Of total) (reponses) (reponses) (reponses) (reponses) (reponses)

Food 21 48% 7 3 5 3 3

Health 9 20% 3 2 4

WASH 6 14% 2 3 1

Shelter 3 7% 3

Education 2 5% 1 1

Displacement 1 2% 1

Livelihoods 1 2% 1

Blank 1 2% 0 1 0 1 0

 Food supply: Respondents overwhelmingly agree in all locations that there is a serious problem in the community because there is insufficient food available, food is not good enough or it is not possible to prepare food. Altogether, 42 respondents (93 per cent) characterized this as a problem.

 Scarcity of and access to food: Affected people’s lack of food is attributable both to actual shortages (i.e., supplies running low in homes and in markets) and to lack of access (i.e., inability to travel to markets or afford high prices). Among the 42 respondents who identified food as a serious problem, the following reasons were most frequently cited:

o No food in the markets (67%) . Cited by majorities in all Districts except Mualla

o No physical access to markets (44%) . Cited by majorities in Crater and Mualla, and by about half in Dar Sa’ad

Yemen Humanitarian Country Team Aden Rapid Assessment | Initial Findings | 12 April 2015 | 3

o No cooking fuel (43%) . Cited by majorities in Crater and Dar Sa’ad

o Food prices too high (38%)

o No food from own supplies (33%) . Cited by a majority in Mualla

o Not enough food (22%) o Not good enough food (11%) o No cooking facilities (4%)

 Food consumption levels: Out of 44 respondents, 30 (67%) report that food consumption levels have decreased since the beginning of the crisis. Majorities cited this as a phenomenon in all locations except Crater, where half of respondents agreed, and half were unsure.

 Sources of food: All 44 respondents (100%) identified the local market as a source of food. In addition to this source, 10 respondents (22%) cited humanitarian assistance, mainly in Mansura (all respondents) and Crater (44% of respondents).

 Malnutrition: Of 44 respondents, 23 identified malnutrition as a serious problem in the community (52%) and 11 did not know (25%). All respondents in Mansura identified this as a problem, as did a strong majority in Khormaksar and half in Mualla. o All respondents in Mansura reported knowing how to identify malnutrition, and what to do if a child is malnourished. All cited referral to a hospital or health facility. In all locations, respondents who reported that malnutrition was not a serious problem tended also to report that did not know how to identify malnutrition and were unsure of what steps to take. These results may indicate a knowledge gap on nutrition issues in areas where it was not identified as a serious problem, rather than relatively better nutrition status.

AHCT discussion points:  What types of food assistance would the AHCT recommend (cash, vouchers, direct food aid, etc.)?  What types of nutrition programmes would the AHCT recommend (mobile clinics, outreach, etc.)?  Which partners are available to provide this assistance in identified locations?  What gaps remain?

Priority 3: Water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH)

Priority Responses Per cent Crater Dar Sa’ad Khormaksar Mansura Mualla (Sector) (Total) (Of total) (reponses) (reponses) (reponses) (reponses) (reponses)

WASH 13 30% 4 3 1 2 3

Health 10 23% 3 3 3 1 0

Food 9 20% 0 1 3 2 3

Shelter 3 7% 0 0 1 0 2

Education 3 7% 0 0 3 0 0

Livelihoods 2 5% 0 0 0 1 1

Electricity 1 2% 0 0 0 0 1

Safety 1 2% 1 0 0 0 0

Basic services 1 2% 0 1 0 0 0

Yemen Humanitarian Country Team Aden Rapid Assessment | Initial Findings | 12 April 2015 | 4

Blank 1 2% 0 1 0 0 0

 Clean water: Respondents overwhelmingly agree in all locations that there is a serious problem in the community because a lack of clean water for drinking, cooking or personal hygiene. Altogether, 38 of 44 respondents (86 per cent) characterized water as a serious problem, cutting across all locations and types of key informant.

 Sources of water: Among the 38 respondents who identified water as a serious problem, the followng sources of water were identified: o All 38 rely on piped water (100 per cent). Of these respondents, 25 report serious problems with piped water service (66 per cent). In Crater and Mualla, nearly all respondents who report problems indicate that service has stopped althogether. In other areas, respondents report interrupted service mainly due to power cuts. o 11 respondents in all Districts also rely on traditional water sellers (29 per cent), mainly in Khormaksar, Dar Sa’ad and Mansura. In these Districts, nearly all respondents report that water sellers no longer visit their areas due to the recent crisis. o Six respondents also rely on protected open wells (16 per cent): three in Mansoura and three in Mualla. o Six respondents also rely on unprotected open wells (16 per cent). These respondents (all in Crater) report that they must travel long distances to access water. o Two respondents (5 per cent) also rely on boreholes (both in Crater) o Five informants (13 per cent) also report relying on humanitarian assistance (two in Crater and three in Mansoura).

 Clean toilets: Of 44 respondents, 14 agreed that there is a serious problem in the community due to the lack of access to clean toilets (32 per cent). o A majority of respondents saw this as a problem in Mansura. In Dar Sa’ad, two respondents identified it as a serious problem and three did not know.

 Hygiene: 19 respondents (43 per cent) identified difficulty in keeping clean as a serious problem, and seven (16 per cent) did not know. This problem showed clear geographic divisions: o All respondents identified this as a serious problem in Mansura, and just over half did so in Mualla and Dar Sa’ad. o Only one respondent in Crater identified this as a problem.

AHCT discussion points:  What types of WASH assistance would the AHCT recommend (water trucking, water filters, soap, etc.)?  Which partners are available to provide this assistance in identified locations?  What gaps remain?

Additional priority: Health When identifying choices for top priorities, Health consistently came in second or third place for a given priority level. As partners have limited capacity to improve the security situation (respondents’ top priority), this report instead offers analysis on health needs as an additional priority.

 Illness and injury: Of 44 respondents, 31 identified a serious problem in the community because people were sick or injured (70 per cent). o All respondents in Mansura cited this as a problem, as did substantial majorities in Mualla and Khormaksar.

 Major health concerns: Of 31 respondents who identified sickness and injury as a major problem, nearly all cited colds, respiratory ailments and diarrhoea as the most common illnesses. Respondents in Khormaksar and Mualla also cited malnutrition by substantial majorities. Malaria was cited by at least one

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respondent in each District; in Khormaksar, seven of nine respondents cited malaria as serious concern. Two respondents in Dar Sa’ad also cited skin diseases.

 Access to healthcare: Of 44 respondents, all but two agreed that a serious problem exists in the community because people cannot access adequate healthcare (95 per cent).

AHCT discussion points:  What types of health assistance would the AHCT recommend?  Which partners are available to provide this assistance in identified locations?  What gaps remain?

Serious problems by District

The table below summarizes whether a majority of respondents in a District identified a given issue as a “serious problem”. The last row provides the total number of serious problems identified, providing an indirect measure of the relative level of need across different sectors. Issues identified as serious problems below could also benefit from interventions, although partners are encouraged first to allocate planning and resources to meeting the priority needs identified above.

Serious problem? Crater Dar Sa’ad Khormaksar Mansura Mualla Safe water Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Toilets No Yes* No Yes No Cleanliness No Yes No Yes Yes Food Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Malnutrition No No** Yes Yes Yes* Illness and injury Yes* Yes Yes Yes Yes Adequate healthcare Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Care for family members Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes* Family separation Yes* Yes* Yes Yes No People alone No Yes Yes Yes Yes* Shelter No Yes Yes Yes Yes Essential items No Yes Yes Yes No Reach community structures Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Travel to neighbouring areas Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Education Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Upset, sad, angry Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Humiliation, respect Yes Yes Yes No Yes Safety Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Violation of dignity Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Justice, rights awareness Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Money, resources Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Free time Yes No Yes Yes Yes Information Yes Yes Yes Yes No Total 17 21 21 22 20 * Half of responses “Yes”; remaining answers “no” and “do not know” ** “Do not know” most frequent response

Yemen Humanitarian Country Team