Looking at the New Testament Book of 2 Corinthians

1 This morning, I am in the second week of my sermon series entitled “Strength in Weakness,” looking at the New Testament book of 2 Corinthians. If you are unfamiliar with this book, it is a letter written by an early church leader named Paul to a church he had started around the year 50 AD in the Greek city of Corinth, which in Paul’s day was part of the Roman Empire. Corinth was a very wealthy city and experienced all kinds of issues in their young church, which is why we have two lengthy letters in the Bible from Paul to this church, as well as evidence of at least two other letters that are not in the Bible and no longer in existence. The timeline that we learn by reading these letters is that after Paul left Corinth to start another church, things were not going well with the church he left behind, and so he wrote the letter we call 1 Corinthians to address some of the problems. Apparently, a number of the Corinthian Christians rejected Paul’s authority and questioned his integrity, and so he followed up on his letter by making what he calls in this passage a “painful visit” to them to set things straight. In particular, we find in today’s reading that there is one individual in particular who caused a great deal of trouble who needed to be disciplined by the church by being confronted regarding his sin. Paul makes plans for a return visit, but his plans are changed, and so instead of visiting, he sends another letter with a man named Titus, which he references in 2 Corinthians 7, to confront the issues that persist. While many in the church take his words to heart and repent, there are others who are still doubting Paul’s authority or integrity. To add to the trouble, there are other teachers who have entered the community, who Paul calls “the super-apostles,” who are more impressive than Paul and are teaching a message that appeals to their desire for health, wealth, and comfort, while also throwing shade on Paul because he is poor, seems to be suffering a great deal, and is not as impressive as they are. Paul is very troubled by this reality, so much so that in today’s passage we read that he was anxiously awaiting Titus’ return visit so that he would know whether things have gotten better or worse with the Corinthian church that he loves so much. If you had a hard time following all of that, the bottom line is that the relationship between Paul and the church he started is strained. When it comes to unity and having harmonious relationships, there are two things that are very true: The first is that unity matters a great deal to God. And the second is that we as humans are not only terrible at unity, but we seem to be getting worse at achieving it. Whatever your opinion is of the events at the Capitol this past week, I think it’s inarguable that there is significant division in our country, and worse, a marked decrease in civility and decency. Our discourse is dominated by a social media that amplifies every difference and every argument, and our world is dominated by technology that keeps people from face-to-face interaction, which is where many differences 2 can be worked through. The United States of America is rapidly becoming the Divided States of America. And sadly, even in the church, unity can be hard to come by. A quick Google search puts the number of Christian denominations in the United States at anywhere between 200 and 1200. Apparently, there are a lot of things to divide over. It takes a lot of work to maintain unity. But unity matters to God. Remember Jesus’ high priestly prayer: John 17:20-23 - "My prayer is not for them alone. I pray also for those who will believe in me through their message, 21 that all of them may be one, Father, just as you are in me and I am in you. May they also be in us so that the world may believe that you have sent me. 22 I have given them the glory that you gave me, that they may be one as we are one: 23 I in them and you in me. May they be brought to complete unity to let the world know that you sent me and have loved them even as you have loved me. Jesus says that the unity of the church will be a witness to the world that Jesus is divine, that He was sent by God. In fact, you could sum up the gospel, the Christian message, in one word: reconciliation. Listen to Paul later in 2 Corinthians: 2 Corinthians 5:17-20 - Therefore, if anyone is in Christ, he is a new creation; the old has gone, the new has come! 18 All this is from God, who reconciled us to himself through Christ and gave us the ministry of reconciliation: 19 that God was reconciling the world to himself in Christ, not counting men's sins against them. And he has committed to us the message of reconciliation. 20 We are therefore Christ's ambassadors, as though God were making his appeal through us. We implore you on Christ's behalf: Be reconciled to God. The gospel message is one of reconciliation to God – where there was enmity and separation, now there is peace and unity. Listen to me: God has called you to be a peacemaker. And he has called his church to be an army of peacemakers. As Jesus said in Matthew 5:9 – “Blessed are the peacemakers, for they will be called sons of God.” Listen to me: in this divided and fractured world, we as the church have a tremendous opportunity to be salt and light, to show through our words and conduct how to bring about peace and unity. But we are going to have to figure out how to not become part of the problem. So this morning, let’s look at how Paul 3 tried to work through his strained relationship with the Corinthian church and what we can learn from this passage: 12 Now this is our boast: Our conscience testifies that we have conducted ourselves in the world, and especially in our relations with you, in the holiness and sincerity that are from God. We have done so not according to worldly wisdom but according to God's grace. 13 For we do not write you anything you cannot read or understand. And I hope that, 14 as you have understood us in part, you will come to understand fully that you can boast of us just as we will boast of you in the day of the Lord Jesus. 15 Because I was confident of this, I planned to visit you first so that you might benefit twice. 16 I planned to visit you on my way to Macedonia and to come back to you from Macedonia, and then to have you send me on my way to Judea. 17 When I planned this, did I do it lightly? Or do I make my plans in a worldly manner so that in the same breath I say, "Yes, yes" and "No, no"? 18 But as surely as God is faithful, our message to you is not "Yes" and "No." 19 For the Son of God, Jesus Christ, who was preached among you by me and Silas and Timothy, was not "Yes" and "No," but in him it has always been "Yes." 20 For no matter how many promises God has made, they are "Yes" in Christ. And so through him the "Amen" is spoken by us to the glory of God. 21 Now it is God who makes both us and you stand firm in Christ. He anointed us, 22 set his seal of ownership on us, and put his Spirit in our hearts as a deposit, guaranteeing what is to come. 23 I call God as my witness that it was in order to spare you that I did not return to Corinth. 24 Not that we lord it over your faith, but we work with you for your joy, because it is by faith you stand firm. 2 Corinthians 2:1 - 13:13 So I made up my mind that I would not make another painful visit to you. 2 For if I grieve you, who is left to make me glad but you whom I have grieved? 3 I wrote as I did so that when I came I should not be distressed by those who ought to make me rejoice. I had confidence in all of you, that you would all share my joy. 4 For I wrote you out of great distress and anguish of heart and with many tears, not to grieve you but to let you know the depth of my love for you. 5 If anyone has caused grief, he has not so much grieved me as he has grieved all of you, to some extent-- not to put it too severely. 6 The punishment inflicted on him by the majority is sufficient for him. 7 Now instead, you ought to forgive and comfort him, so that he will not be overwhelmed by excessive sorrow. 8 I urge you, therefore, to reaffirm your love for him. 9 The reason I wrote you was to see if you would stand the test and be obedient in everything.

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