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1 Supplementary Figures Figure S1: Map of sampling locations of all specimens included in the phylogenetic analyses. 1 ancestral states + leg ratio direction of microhabitat phylogenetic phylogenetic change and dependence on regression signal phylogenetic relatedness microhabitat significant correlation: phylogeny+ microhabitat leg ratio as a proxy for microhabitat to avoid to many MuSSE QuaSSE HiSSE are microhabitats missing data: related to diversification rates? BAMM are there different diversification regimes? Legend data phylogeny control: method MuSSE do diversification rates question biome depend on biome? Figure S2: Workflow and overview of diversification analyses. 2 OG1 Euagrus chisoseus OG2 Oecobius sp 9/9/23 OG9 Deinopis spinosa 22/20/52 OG4 Austrochilus sp OG27 Hyptiotes gertschi 75/89/100 20/25/86 OG12 Uloborus glomosus 48/50/84 OG13 Uroctea durandi OG37 Callobius sp 1/3/1888/93/100 OG26 Agelenopsis aperta OG30 Linyphia triangularis_A 25/35/85 56/73/92 OG29 Pimoa breuili 94/95/95 OG32 Pimoa sp 89/88/100 OG22 Erigone dentosa 59/48/74 OG11 Leucauge venusta_B 92/89/82 OG31 Tetragnatha versicolor_A 30/32/84 OG18 Herennia multipuncta 100/100/100 OG8 Nephila clavipes_A 94/94/97 OG33 Zygiella x−notata 57/64/49 OG7 Araneus diadematus 100/100/100 OG34 Argiope argentata OG24 Kukulcania hibernalis OG35 Diguetia sp 40/38/292/2/32 OG25 Segestria bavarica 99/99/100 OG6 Ariadna fidicina 55/59/97 OG3 Rhode scutiventris 73/80/22 OG10 Harpactea hombergi 97/97/100 OG36 Harpactocrates radulifer 84/88/96 OG19 Dysderocrates silvestris 60/68/73 OG20 Dysdera erythrina−fervida OG21 Sicarius terrosus 89/96/100 OG17 Loxosceles laeta OG15 Plectreurys tristis CH47 Artema nephilit Isr35 S312 Artema bunkpurugu Gha140 100/100/100 91/92/90 BB01 Artema atlanta G080=BB01 100/100/100 JA119 Artema atlanta G101 97/97/39 S326 Artema doriai Isr40 Artema 97/99/99 19/24/74 S332 Artema transcaspica Mar60 93/96/98 S497 Artema Om14 Om33 94/94/16 S287 Artema sp.C Siyam1 100/100/100 63/69/91 S235 Artema sp.C SMF423 S059 Gertschiola macrostyla Mich11 100/100/100 S434 Gertschiola macrostyla MACN272 58/73/83 S061 Nerudia Mich20 Mich20 29/30/17 S329 Gen.n. Br15−159 Br15−266 95/95/96 BB16 Ninetis subtilissima G093=BB16 58/72/51 97/100/100 S501 Gen.n. Om6 Om29 JA83 Gen.n. Ven01 Ven01 99/100/100 S358 Gen.n. MACN273 MACN265 94/93/49 S328 Kambiwa neotropica Br15−267 Ninetinae 0/0/38 S443 Ibotyporanga Br16−149 Br16−303 99/100/100 JA123 Ibotyporanga naideae G117 25/38/80 0/3/90 S347 Guaranita yaculica? MACN271 JA46 Pholcophora americana G092 3/4/14 100/100/100 JA45 Pholcophora americana G089 100/100/100 S298 Pholcophora? Car544 Car544 90/94/94 S011 Papiamenta MRAC639 MRAC640 94/92/21 S323 Gen. Cu12−325 Cu12−325 CH05 Priscula Ven02/80−85 Ven24 33/43/98 S476 Priscula venezuelana Ven28 Priscula 67/70/74 JA80 Priscula Astr07 Astr07=J245/246 98/99/97 JA114 Priscula binghamae Astr06=J253 S006 Gen.n. Geneve59 MRAC642 73/81/96 Geneve59 + Chisosa S430 Chisosa diluta USA20 S348 Holocneminus huangdi Ind141 23/24/93 ‘Holocneminus’ huangdi + Nita 32/49/97 P0234 Nita elsaff G118 BB21 Physocyclus globosus G075=BB21 100/100/100 JA70 Physocyclus franckei G097 25/34/82 100/100/96 S474 Physocyclus enaulus USA21 Physocyclus 100/100/99 30/48/90 JA71 Physocyclus dugesi G071 S381 Wugigarra? Ind107 Ind201 99/100/97 13/16/89 S496 Wugigarra? Ind96 Ind196 100/100/100 S382 Wugigarra? Ind82 Ind184 ‘Wugigarra‘ Indonesia 100/100/100 S495 Wugigarra? Ind117 Ind209 20/38/92 S303 Trichocyclus cf warianga Harms05 68/81/98 100/100/100 S302 Trichocyclus balladong Harms01 Trichocyclus 15/18/77 BB32 Trichocyclus cf balladong G079=BB32 S293 Wugigarra kalamai Harms02 18/19/71 39/56/90 S233 Wugigarra QMB5 QMB5 ('QMB22') 96/95/90 S232 Wugigarra yawai QMB2 ('QMB26') Wugigarra Australia 24/30/82 37/27/64 P0251 Wugigarra undanbi QMB4 ('QMB23') 19/25/93 S016 Holocneminus Phi105 Phi245 40/46/86 S254 Holocneminus multiguttatus Mal295 100/100/99 S253 Holocneminus multiguttatus Mal223 100/100/100 Holocneminus exc. huangdi S068 Holocneminus Phi9 Phi192 11/17/90 S486 Holocneminus Ind73 Ind179 20/23/41 S078 Holocneminus Phi74 Phi229 S464 Gen.n. Br16−44 Br16−252 100/100/100 MACN270 + Br16−44 S357 Gen.n. MACN270 MACN270 S433 Gen.n. Br16−178 Br16−315 99/100/100 Br16−50 + Br16−178 S432 Gen.n. Br16−50 Br16−253 S494 Tupigea Br10−32 Br10−89 P0218 Tupigea maza Br09−102 100/98/100 99/99/99 P0214 Tupigea nadleri Br10−69 97/99/98 16/25/87 53/50/94 S377 Tupigea penedo Br07/100−14 CH45 Tupigea angelim Br03/100−03 11/15/4 JA13 Tupigea cantareira Br03/100−13 Tupigea 58/47/69 S385 Tupigea teresopolis? Br07/100−42 52/61/54 GB30 Tupigea paula Br14−185 30/51/82 S409 Tupigea Br14−47 Br14−162 53/65/50 55/61/5 S411 Tupigea Br10−40 Br10−80 94/95/98 S384 Tupigea ale Br07/100−17 Figure S3 (a). Caption on page 9. 3 S409 Tupigea Br14 47 Br14 162 53/65/50 55/61/5 S411 Tupigea Br10−40 Br10−80 94/95/98 S384 Tupigea ale Br07/100−17 S060 Chibchea mapuche? Mich17 100/100/100 S058 Chibchea picunche? Mich10 Chibchea 22/20/75 S431 Gen.n. Br16−196 Br16−322 Br16−196 97/99/99 S353 Gen.n. Br15−45 Br15−206 Br15−45 87/88/95 S475 Pisaboa silvae Br16−325 100/100/93 Waunana + Pisaboa S304 Waunana modesta? Car259 BB03 Ciboneya antraia G020=BB03 99/99/100 S313 Ciboneya nuriae Cu12−029 Ciboneya Ixc39 Ixchela taxco Ara0273 78/70/50 25/25/75 10/13/95 Ixc29 Ixchela abernathyi Ara0238 100/100/100 Ixchela Ixc51 Ixchela santibanezi Ara0309 43/51/0 9/8/79 Ixc56 Ixchela viquezi Ara0319 S289 'Coryssocnemis' iviei G135 ‘Coryssocnemis’ Centr. Amer. 15/15/15 BB23 Psilochorus simoni G018=BB23 83/97/99 S477 Psilochorus concolor USA29 100/100/100 Psilochorus 69/82/99 CH49 Psilochorus imitatus chimera 98/100/95 S478 Psilochorus pallidulus USA25 18/9/95 CH09 Psilochorus SA itaguyrussu G011=BB12 98/98/95 S032 Psilochorus SA Br11−40 Br11−162 Psilochorus South Amer. 100/100/100 37/27/93 P0210 Psilochorus SA Br10−36 Br10−85 JA134 Tainonia visite Hai65 100/100/100 S480 Tainonia serripes DR/100−06 Tainona 100/100/92 JA131 Tainonia samana DR/100−32 S310 Anopsicus Car206 Car206 3/5/14 67/82/37 S356 Modisimus cavaticus PuR066 100/100/100 S231 Modisimus signatus PuR044 NF3 Modisimus cuadro DR/100−03 49/54/87 38/33/97 NF9 Modisimus kiskeya DR/100−09 98/99/99 10/7/86 NF1 Modisimus toma DR/100−01 77/90/99 S413 Anopsicus USA3 USA34 69/75/84 NF13 Modisimus cienaga DR/100−13 72/77/97 IA01 Modisimus culicinus Cu12−065 100/100/100 NF43 Modisimus culicinus DR/100−43 NF41 Modisimus vittatus DR/100−41 83/95/100 45/43/95 NF37 Modisimus makandal DR/100−37 33/34/91 P0228 Modisimus G106 G106 41/45/0 S113 Modisimus pavidus Cu12−241 33/35/56 IA05 Modisimus elongatus Cu12−188 28/41/17 CH07 Modisimus Cu12−11 Cu12−177 2/1/32 IA04 Modisimus Cu12−136 Cu12−265 NF24 Modisimus miri DR/100−24 Modisimus + Anopsicus + Platnicknia 100/100/100 NF53 Modisimus paraiso Hai98 34/47/91 NF64 Modisimus palvet Hai64 34/41/85 4/2/86 92/93/97 NF69 Modisimus berac Hai69 CH08 Platnicknia incerta Cu12−245 97/99/81 S374 Platnicknia Cu12−99 Cu12−208 99/98/99 S372 Platnicknia Cu12−100 Cu12−295 19/16/78 77/78/71 S373 Platnicknia Cu12−61 Cu12−201 73/75/91 S115 Platnicknia Cu12−2 Cu12−306 NF89 Modisimus mango Hai89 88/93/98 S309 Anopsicus Car127 Car127 NF80 Modisimus epepye Hai80 27/24/65100/100/99 NF66 Modisimus fuscus Hai66 14/9/36 16/23/69 IA02 Modisimus macaya Hai77 NF101 Modisimus enriquillo Hai101 88/95/98 93/92/94 NF68 Modisimus tiburon Hai68 79/80/92 NF87 Modisimus leprete Hai87 100/100/99 NF71 Modisimus roumaini Hai71 94/96/93 NF81 Modisimus seguin Hai81 S021 Otavaloa piro? Astr17=J213 100/100/100 S320 Otavaloa cf angotero Mich33 100/100/95 S465 Otavaloa lisei Br16−326 CH03 Mesabolivar yuruani Ven53 JA93 Mesabolivar eberhardi Ven35 100/100/100 JA34 Mesabolivar eberhardi Ven05 96/94/91 97/99/100 BB09a Mesabolivar aurantiacus G001=BB09 44/50/64 S454 Mesabolivar huambisa? Br16−226a 100/100/100 80/88/100 S453 Mesabolivar Br16−60 Br16−258 75/78/0 27/18/37 S451 Mesabolivar Br16−138 Br16−301 S351 Litoporus Br15−107 Br15−237 100/100/100 P0212 Litoporus iguassuensis Br10−87 100/100/100 P0213 Litoporus iguassuensis Br10−72 100/100/100 S447 Litoporus manu Br16−292 28/27/58 S446 Litoporus dimona Br16−336 93/96/99 S444 Litoporus Br16−153 Br16−305 31/26/24 44/36/90 S445 Litoporus Br16−62 Br16−264 JA52 Mesabolivar cyaneomaculatus Br03/100−21 68/78/94 JA54 Mesabolivar togatus Br03/100−29 24/29/34 S387 Mesabolivar kathrinae Br15−198 94/94/98 S388 Mesabolivar azureus Br09−105 99/99/97 BB10 Mesabolivar brasiliensis G002=BB10 GB11 Mesabolivar sai Br09−114 Otavaloa + Mesabolivar + Teuia + Litoporus 21/16/88 JA29 Mesabolivar tamoio Br03/100−05 75/80/100 BB11 Mesabolivar cyaneotaeniatus G003=BB11 100/100/100 62/63/99 JA57 Mesabolivar cyaneotaeniatus Br03/100−32 38/51/79 GB10 Mesabolivar pau Br11−153 99/99/100 GB09 Mesabolivar bonita Br11−164 86/74/20 29/30/94 S487 Mesabolivar Br11−10 Br11−126 S397 Mesabolivar spinulosus Br15−260 77/86/100 18/22/82 S452 Mesabolivar Br16−32 Br16−244 12/16/8838/41/90 S395 Mesabolivar charrua Br14−182 68/67/90 S389 Mesabolivar Br14−4 Br14−138 22/23/86 P0217 Mesabolivar unicornis Br03/100−24 JA10 Mesabolivar cavicelatus Br03/100−04 44/46/93 S391 Mesabolivar Br14−30 Br14−150 19/19/0 80/81/95 P0215 Mesabolivar itapoa Br10−63 56/64/78 S396 Mesabolivar huberi Br14−156 64/73/94 26/24/80 S390 Mesabolivar Br14−26 Br14−146 S305 Mesabolivar Br14−55 Br14−164 61/62/97 S350 Mesabolivar Br14−25 Br14−145 Figure S3 (b).
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    I BEITR.ARANEOL.,l(2004) I PART 111 a (TEil 111 a) - Descriptions of selected taxa THE FOSSil MYGAlOMORPH SPIDERS (ARANEAE) IN BAl TIC AND DOMINICAN AMBER AND ABOUT EXTANT MEMBERS OF THE FAMllY MICROMYGALIDAE J. WUNDERLICH, 75334 Straubenhardt, Germany. Abstract: The fossil mygalomorph spiders (Araneae: Mygalomorpha) in Baltic and Do- minican amber are listed, a key to the taxa is given. Two species of the genus Ummidia THORELL 1875 (Ctenizidae: Pachylomerinae) in Baltic amber are redescribed, Clos- thes priscus MENGE 1869 (Dipluridae) from Baltic amber is revised, two gen. indet. (Dipluridae) fram Baltic amber are reported. The first fossil member of the family Micro- stigmatidae: Parvomygale n. gen., Parvomygale distineta n. sp. (Parvomygalinae n. subfarn.) in Dominican amber is described. - The taxon Micramygalinae PLATNICK & FORSTER 1982 is raised to family rank, revised diagnoses of the families Micromyga- lidae (no fossil record) and Micrastigmatidae are given. Material: CJW = collection J. WUNDERLICH, GPIUH = Geological and Palaeontologi- cal Institute of the University Hamburg, IMGPUG = Institute and Museum for Geology and Paleontology of the Georg-August-University Goettingen in Germany. 595 ---~-~-~~~--~~--~-'----------~--------~-~~~=-~~--.., INTRODUCTION The first fossil member of the suborder Mygalomorpha (= Orthognatha) in Baltic amber has been described by MENGE 1869 as Glostes priscus (figs. 1-2; comp. the book of WUNDERLICH (1986: Fig. 291)). This spider is a member of the family Dipluridae (Funnelweb Mygalomorphs) and is redescribed in this paper; only juveniles are known. Two further species of Mygalomorpha are described from this kind of amber, these are members of the family Ctenizidae (Trapdoor spiders). - Fossil members of the Mygalo- morphae in Dominican amber were described by WUNDERLICH (1988).
  • Araneae, Pholcidae) 12-18 © Arachnologische Gesellschaft E.V

    Araneae, Pholcidae) 12-18 © Arachnologische Gesellschaft E.V

    ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Arachnologische Mitteilungen Jahr/Year: 2017 Band/Volume: 53 Autor(en)/Author(s): Huber Bernhard A., Neumann Jonathan, Grabolle Arno, Hula Vladimir Artikel/Article: Aliens in Europe: updates on the distributions of Modisimus culicinus and Micropholcus fauroti (Araneae, Pholcidae) 12-18 © Arachnologische Gesellschaft e.V. Frankfurt/Main; http://arages.de/ Arachnologische Mitteilungen / Arachnology Letters 53: 12-18 Karlsruhe, April 2017 Aliens in Europe: updates on the distributions of Modisimus culicinus and Micropholcus fauroti (Araneae, Pholcidae) Bernhard A. Huber, Jonathan Neumann, Arno Grabolle & Vladimír Hula doi: 10.5431/aramit5303 Abstract. The pholcid spiders Modisimus culicinus (Simon, 1893) and Micropholcus fauroti (Simon, 1887) are pantropical species that have spread around the world at least several decades ago. Here we present numerous new records for both species, most of which fall into the expected latitudes, i.e. between the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn (93 % and 87 % of records respectively). However, we also report the first records for M. culicinus from Central Europe (Germany and Czech Republic, >50°N) and the first European record for M. fauroti from outside of Belgium (Germany). The fact that in both species several specimens have been found at more than one locality suggests that they may already be in the stage of establishment and spreading in Europe. Finally, we present an updated identification key to the genera of Pholcidae in Europe. Key words: alien, harmless, invasive, pantropical, synanthropic Zusammenfassung. Aliens in Europa: Zur Verbreitung der Zitterspinnenarten Modisimus culicinus und Micropholcus fauroti (Ara- neae, Pholcidae).
  • Pholcid Spider Molecular Systematics Revisited, with New Insights Into the Biogeography and the Evolution of the Group

    Pholcid Spider Molecular Systematics Revisited, with New Insights Into the Biogeography and the Evolution of the Group

    Cladistics Cladistics 29 (2013) 132–146 10.1111/j.1096-0031.2012.00419.x Pholcid spider molecular systematics revisited, with new insights into the biogeography and the evolution of the group Dimitar Dimitrova,b,*, Jonas J. Astrinc and Bernhard A. Huberc aCenter for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; bDepartment of Biological Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA; cForschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, Adenauerallee 160, D-53113 Bonn, Germany Accepted 5 June 2012 Abstract We analysed seven genetic markers sampled from 165 pholcids and 34 outgroups in order to test and improve the recently revised classification of the family. Our results are based on the largest and most comprehensive set of molecular data so far to study pholcid relationships. The data were analysed using parsimony, maximum-likelihood and Bayesian methods for phylogenetic reconstruc- tion. We show that in several previously problematic cases molecular and morphological data are converging towards a single hypothesis. This is also the first study that explicitly addresses the age of pholcid diversification and intends to shed light on the factors that have shaped species diversity and distributions. Results from relaxed uncorrelated lognormal clock analyses suggest that the family is much older than revealed by the fossil record alone. The first pholcids appeared and diversified in the early Mesozoic about 207 Ma ago (185–228 Ma) before the breakup of the supercontinent Pangea. Vicariance events coupled with niche conservatism seem to have played an important role in setting distributional patterns of pholcids. Finally, our data provide further support for multiple convergent shifts in microhabitat preferences in several pholcid lineages.
  • Proceedings of the CTFS-AA IFBC 2006

    Proceedings of the CTFS-AA IFBC 2006

    PROCEEDINGS OF THE CENTER FOR TROPICAL FOREST SCIENCE – ARNOLD ARBORETUM INTERNATIONAL FIELD BIOLOGY COURSE 2006 Sinharaja World Heritage Site, Sri Lanka 30 July – 28 August 2006 Edited by Min Sheng Khoo, Cynthia Hong-Wa, and Rhett D. Harrison Center for Tropical Forest Science – Arnold Arboretum Asia Program University of Peradeniya Forest Department Sri Lanka Cover photo: Organizers, resource staff and participants of the sixth CTFS-AA International Field Biology Course 2006 (IFBC-2006) at Sinharaja Forest Bungalow, after the opening ceremony on 31 July 2006. See more photos on page 9. Preface i Preface The CTFS-AA International Field Biology Course is an annual, graduate-level field course in tropical forest biology run by the Center for Tropical Forest Science – Arnold Arboretum Asia Program in collaboration with institutional partners in South and Southeast Asia. The CTFS-AA International Field Biology Course 2006 was held at Sinharaja World Heritage Area, Sri Lanka, from 30 July to 29 August and was hosted by the Forest Department, Sri Lanka, and the University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka. It was the sixth such course organized by CTFS-AA. Last year’s the course was held at Khao Chong, Thailand, and previous courses have been held in Malaysia. Next year’s course will be held at Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, China. The aim of these courses is to provide high-level training in the biology of forests in South and Southeast Asia. The courses are aimed at upper-level undergraduate and graduate students from the region, who are at the start of their thesis research or professional careers in forest biology.
  • Abundância Relativa E Riqueza De Espécies De Aranhas

    Abundância Relativa E Riqueza De Espécies De Aranhas

    Bol. Mus. Para. Emílio Goeldi. Cienc. Nat., Belém, v. 7, n. 2, p. 123-152, maio-ago. 2012 Abundância relativa e riqueza de espécies de aranhas (Arachnida, Araneae) em clareiras originadas da exploração de petróleo na bacia do rio Urucu (Coari, Amazonas, Brasil) Relative abundance and species richness of spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) in forest gaps originated from oil and gas explotation at Urucu River Basin (Coari, Amazonas, Brazil) Sidclay Calaça DiasI , Alexandre Bragio BonaldoII IInstituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia. Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil IIMuseu Paraense Emílio Goeldi/MCTI. Belém, Pará, Brasil Resumo: São investigadas diferenças na abundância relativa e na riqueza de espécies de aranhas em clareiras artificiais com variados níveis de regeneração em Porto Urucu, Coari, Amazonas, Brasil. Foram empregadas três metodologias de coleta complementares, que resultaram na captura de 3.786 indivíduos adultos, identificados em 623 espécies, pertencentes a 39 famílias. O presente trabalho foi o que mais acumulou espécies entre todos os artigos publicados com inventários da fauna de aranhas na região neotropical, apesar de 55% da amostragem terem sido compostos por organismos raros. O algoritmo mais acurado para a presente base de dados, ACE, estimou uma riqueza de 924 espécies. A rarefação feita para cada uma das 33 clareiras amostradas destacou um grupo com poucas espécies acumuladas (40 a 43) e um grupo com riqueza de espécies significativamente maior (98 a 100) do que as clareiras restantes, apesar das diferenças de número de exemplares e número de espécies entre clareiras não terem sido estatisticamente significativas, indicando que o número de espécies registrado é uma função direta do número de exemplares obtido em cada ponto.