Manchineel Tree

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Paulding County Master Gardener Extension Volunteers Manchineel Tree By Robbie Cheatham As I was participating in the Spring Forward event, the programming people asked me to prepare a vegetable gardening presentation for future use by the Master gardeners. My research ranged far and wide until I came upon an interesting aspect of fruit and vegetable growing. I discovered that potatoes and tomatoes are members of the poisonous night shade family. As a Florida native, I recalled another such deadly plant, the Manchineel tree, with a superficial resemblance to the fruit and leaves of an apple tree is called the manazanilla de la muerte, “little apple of death”. All the parts of the tree contain strong toxins. Rain water washing over the oil on its leaves will blister your skin. The fruit if eaten will give you indigestion or even worse it will cause your death. Legend has it, Ponce de Leon, the intrepid Spanish explorer, was laid to his final resting place by an arrow dipped in Manchineel sap. This poison has been around for many centuries. So beware of what you plant and how dangerous it can possibly be. Do your research ahead of time and know what you are planting in your garden. It may save your life at harvest time. For more information and details contact Paulding Email: [email protected] County UGA Extension Website: www.ugaextension.com/paulding Master Gardener Extension Volunteers Subscribe to our Home and Garden email newsletter at our 530 West Memorial Drive website Dallas, GA 30132 Phone 770-443-7616 .

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Hippomane Mancinella, Manchineel1 Michael G
FOR302 Hippomane mancinella, Manchineel1 Michael G. Andreu and Melissa H. Friedman2 Warning: all parts of manchineel are extremely poisonous. tree “arbol de la muerte” meaning “tree of death” in refer- The content in this document is strictly informational. ence to what happens to people if they eat the fruit. Interaction with and ingestion of any part of this tree may be lethal. Family Euphorbiaceae, spurge family Genus Hippomane comes from two Greek words, hippo meaning “horse,” and mane, which is derived from mania and means “madness.” Theophrastus, an ancient Greek philosopher, gave the name Hippomane to a native plant in Greece after determining that horses became “crazy” after eating it. Linnaeus, the father of taxonomy, in turn gave the same name to this noxious tree from the Americas. Figure 1. All portions of the manchineel tree are poisonous. Credits: Wide-angle view of Hippomane mancinella by Reinaldo Species Aguilar. Inset image showing detail of manchineel fruit and foliage by The origin of the species name mancinella cannot be Eric Schmuttenmaer. CC BY-NC-SA 2.0. determined. Description Common Name This poisonous tree is native to southern Florida, the Keys, many of the Caribbean islands, Mexico, and Central Manchineel America. It typically occurs along the seacoasts and in The name “manchineel” from the Spanish “manzanilla,” brackish swamps where it grows among mangroves. which means “little apple” in reference to the leaves and Manchineel is usually a tall shrub, but it can reach heights fruit of the apple tree (Malus spp.). However, due to its of up to 50 feet. The leaves are simple, alternate, very finely extremely toxic nature, the Spanish have also dubbed this serrated or toothed, and 2–4 inches long.
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