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The United States Bulletin No. 226 . Series F, Geography, 37 DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY CHARLES V. WALCOTT, DIRECTOR BOUNDARIES OF THE UNITED STATES AND OF THE SEVERAL STATES AND TERRITORIES WITH AN OUTLINE OF THE HISTORY OF ALL IMPORTANT CHANGES OF TERRITORY (THIRD EDITION) BY HENRY G-ANNETT WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1904 CONTENTS. LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL .................................... ............. 7 CHAPTER I. Boundaries of the United States, and additions to its territory .. 9 Boundaries of the United States....................................... 9 Provisional treaty Avith Great Britain...........................'... 9 Treaty with Spain of 1798......................................... 10 Definitive treaty with Great Britain................................ 10 Treaty of London, 1794 ........................................... 10 Treaty of Ghent................................................... 11 Arbitration by King of the Netherlands............................ 16 Treaty with Grreat Britain, 1842 ................................... 17 Webster-Ash burton treaty with Great Britain, 1846................. 19 Additions to the territory of the United States ......................... 19 Louisiana purchase................................................. 19 Florida purchase................................................... 22 Texas accession .............................I.................... 23 First Mexican cession....... ...................................... 23 Gadsden purchase................................................ 25 Alaska purchase.................................................. 25 Hawaiian Islands ................................................ 28 Porto Rico, Guam, and Philippine Islands ........................ 28 . Tutuila....'....,.............'.................................... 29 CHAPTER II. The public domain, and an outline of the history of changes made therein ........................................................... 30 Cessions by the States ................................................ 30 Territory northwest of the river Ohio.................................. 33 Territory south of the river Ohio ......_..._.........:.._............-. 35 Louisiana and the territory acquired from Mexico .......:.............. 36 CHAPTER III. The boundary lines of the States and Territories .......... i.. 39 Maine ...........I .-.-..---..-.-. -...-..-.....'............... T ........ 39 New Hampshire...................................:.................. 47 Vermont ............................;................................ 51 Massachusetts........................................................ 54 Rhode Island ........................................................ 71 Connecticut............................................:.............. 72 New York........................................................... 77 New Jersey................-...---...-....'........................... 83 Pennsylvania ........................................................ 85 Delaware ............................................................ 87 Maryland.. .......................................................... 89 District of Columbia................................................... 92 Virginia.............. ............................................... 95 West Virginia........................................................ 99 3 4 CONTENTS. CHAPTER III. The boundary lines of the States and Territories Cont'd. Page. North Carolina....................................................... 99 South Carolina........................................................ 103 Georgia.............................................................. 104 Florida..............................'.........'......-...._............_ 108 Alabama .........................:..'.................................. 109 Mississippi........................................................... 110 Louisiana............................................................ Ill Texas ............................................................... 112 Arkansas ............ .*............................................... 113 Tennessee ........................................................... 115 Kentucky ... 1....................................................... 117 Ohio ................................................................ 117 Indiana.............................................................. 119 Illinois ........... I................................................... 120 Michigan ............................................................ 120 Wisconsin ............................................................ 122 Missouri............................................................. 123 Iowa.....;...,...................................................... 124 Minnesota ..........................................^.... 1........... 125 Kansas ..'..................................:......................... 126 Nebraska...........'...."............................................. 127 North Dakota and South Dakota ...................................... 129 Oklahoma ..............."...I....... .._..'.........-................... 130 Montana..............'..........................,..................... 131 Wyoming........................................................... 132 Colorado ............................................................. 132 New Mexico ......................................................... 133 . Utah ................................................................ 133 Arizona. ............................................................... 134 Nevada ..............-.........:.... .............,....,............... 135 Idaho ................................................................. 136 Oregon .............................................................. 137 Washington ......................................................... 138 California............................................................ 139 ILLUSTRATIONS. Page. PLATE I, II. Boundary between New York and Canada in St. Lawrence River..-..........;...-............................. 10 III. Boundary between New York and Canada in Niagara River............................................... 10 IV. Boundary between United States and Canada in St. Clair and Detroit rivers ................................... 12 V, VI. Boundary between Michigan and Canada through St. MarysEiver........................................ 14 (Maine, showing United States and British claims.. '.... .1 ' (Extract from Disturnell's map, 1847 ....................I VIII-XII. Boundary between Maine and Canada .................. 18 XIII. Boundary between Maine, New Hampshire, and Canada. 18 XIV. Map of the United States, showing accessions of teiritory. 20 XV. Boundary line between southeastern Alaska and Canada, as fixed by award of Alaska Boundary tribunal, October 20,1903...........:.-.....-........................- 26 XVI, XVII. Boundary between Vermont and New York ............ 52 XVIII, XIX. North boundary of Massachusetts ...................... 54 XX. Boundary between Massachusetts and Rhode Island'..... 60 XXI. Boundary between Massachusetts and Connecticut ...... -68 XX11. Boundary between Rhode Island and Connecticut....... 72 XXIII. Boundary between Connecticut and New York.......... 74 ' [Historical diagram of New York....................... I ^ "' " '{Historical diagram of Virginia.........................) XX V. Western and southern boundary of New York. '. .......... 80 XX V1. Northeast boundary of New Jersey ..................... 84 XXVII-XXXI. Boundary between Virginia and West Virginia.......... 94 XXXII, XXXIII. Boundary between Virginia and Kentucky.............. 96 XXXIV. Boundary between Virginia, Tennessee, and North Caro­ lina ................................................ 98 XXXV-XXXVII. .Boundary between North Carolina and Tennessee ....... 102 [Historical diagram of Georgia ^ / ^Historical diagram of Mississippi ' [Historical diagram of Louisiana ........................ 1 ' XXX1X' [Historical diagram of .Texas. ' l jHistof ical diagram of Arkansas .................. ...... 1 ( . {Historical diagram of Ohio ......................... ...j 114 XLI-XLIII. Boundary between Kentucky and Tennessee ............ 116 \ ' ' XLIV. Historical diagram of Indiana. ......................... 118 XLV. Historical diagram of Illinois .-----. -.-.-.-...---.--... 120 [Historical diagram of Michigan.. .......... ...... ......I '[Historical diagram of Wisconsin............. .......... J XLVII. Historical diagram Of Missouri ......................... 122 [Historical diagram of MinntM innesota....................... I A-Li\ 111.' itj:,,4.[Historical _: ! diagram,]; _ of^t Iowa.T~ ' ( 124 5 6 ILLUSTRATIONS. Page. [Historical diagram of Kansas................................1 PLATE XLIX. {Higtorical diagram of Nebraska ............................ j 126 (Historical diagram of North Dakota and South Dakota.......1 J'[Historical diagram of Oklahoma Territory .................. J fHistorical diagram of New Mexico..........................) LL [Historical diagram of Utah................................. | [Historical diagram of Arizona ..............................1 LIL [Historical diagram of Nevada..................% ............. f 134 LIII. Historical diagram of Idaho................................. 136 fHistorical diagram of Oregon..........................:.... 1 J ' [Historical diagram of AVashington .......................... | LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL.
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