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IMMIGRATION LAW REPORTER Third Series/Troisi`Eme S´Erie Recueil De Jurisprudence En Droit De L’Immigration VOLUME 97 (Cited 97 Imm

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IMMIGRATION LAW REPORTER Third Series/Troisi`Eme S´Erie Recueil De Jurisprudence En Droit De L’Immigration VOLUME 97 (Cited 97 Imm IMMIGRATION LAW REPORTER Third Series/Troisi`eme s´erie Recueil de jurisprudence en droit de l’immigration VOLUME 97 (Cited 97 Imm. L.R. (3d)) EDITORS-IN-CHIEF/REDACTEURS´ EN CHEF Cecil L. Rotenberg, Q.C. Mario D. Bellissimo, LL.B. Barrister & Solicitor Ormston, Bellissimo, Rotenberg Don Mills, Ontario Toronto, Ontario Certified Specialist Certified Specialist ASSOCIATE EDITOR/REDACTEUR´ ADJOINT Randolph Hahn, D.PHIL.(OXON), LL.B. Guberman, Garson Toronto, Ontario Certified Specialist CARSWELL EDITORIAL STAFF/REDACTION´ DE CARSWELL Jeffrey D. Mitchell, B.A., M.A. Director, Information Management and Manufacturing Directeur, service d’´edition et de production Graham B. Peddie, LL.B. Product Development Manager Sharon Yale, LL.B., M.A. Julia Fischer, B.A.(HON.), LL.B. Supervisor, Legal Writing Acting Supervisor, Legal Writing Peter Bondy, B.A.(HON.), LL.B. Heather Stone, B.A., LL.B. Lead Legal Writer Lead Legal Writer Rachel Bernstein, B.A.(HON.), J.D. Peggy Gibbons, B.A.(HON.), LL.B. Legal Writer Senior Legal Writer Stephanie Hanna, B.A., M.A., LL.B. Mark Koskie, B.A.(HON.), M.A., LL.B. Senior Legal Writer Legal Writer Nicole Ross, B.A., LL.B. Amanda Stewart, B.A.(HON.), LL.B. Legal Writer Senior Legal Writer Martin-Fran¸cois Parent, LL.B., LL.M., DEA (PARIS II) Bilingual Legal Writer Erin McIntosh, B.A.(HON.) Content Editor IMMIGRATION LAW REPORTER, a national series of topical law reports, Recueil de jurisprudence en droit de l’immigration, une s´erie nationale de is published twelve times per year. Subscription rate $361 per bound volume recueils de jurisprudence sp´ecialis´ee, est publi´e 12 fois par anne´e. including parts. Indexed: Carswell’s Index to Canadian Legal Literature. L’abonnement est de 361 $ par volume reli´e incluant les fascicules. Indexa- tion : Index a` la documentation juridique au Canada de Carswell. Editorial Offices are also located at the following address: 430 rue St. Pierre, Le bureau de la r´edaction est situ´e a` Montr´eal — 430, rue St. Pierre, Mon- Montr´eal, Qu´ebec, H2Y 2M5. tr´eal, Qu´ebec, H2Y 2M5. ________ ________ © 2011 Thomson Reuters Canada Limited © 2011 Thomson Reuters Canada Limit´ee NOTICE AND DISCLAIMER: All rights reserved. No part of this publica- MISE EN GARDE ET AVIS D’EXONERATION´ DE RESPON- tion may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any SABILITE´ : Tous droits r´eserv´es. Il est interdit de reproduire, m´emoriser sur form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or un syst`eme d’extraction de donn´ees ou de transmettre, sous quelque forme ou otherwise, without the prior written consent of the publisher (Carswell). par quelque moyen que ce soit, electronique´ ou m´ecanique, photocopie, enre- gistrement ou autre, tout ou partie de la pr´esente publication, a` moins d’en avoir pr´ealablement obtenu l’autorisation ecrite´ de l’´editeur, Carswell. 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This sonnes ayant particip´e a` son elaboration´ n’assument quelque responsabilit´e publication is provided on the understanding and basis that none of Carswell, que ce soit relativement a` l’exactitude ou au caract`ere actuel de son contenu the author/s or other persons involved in the creation of this publication shall ou au r´esultat de toute action prise sur la foi de l’information qu’elle be responsible for the accuracy or currency of the contents, or for the results renferme, ou ne peuvent etreˆ tenus responsables de toute erreur qui pourrait of any action taken on the basis of the information contained in this publica- s’y etreˆ gliss´ee ou de toute omission. tion, or for any errors or omissions contained herein. La participation d’une personne a` la pr´esente publication ne peut en aucun cas etreˆ consid´er´ee comme constituant la formulation, par celle-ci, d’un avis No one involved in this publication is attempting herein to render legal, ac- juridique ou comptable ou de tout autre avis professionnel. Si vous avez counting, or other professional advice. If legal advice or other expert assis- besoin d’un avis juridique ou d’un autre avis professionnel, vous devez tance is required, the services of a competent professional should be sought. retenir les services d’un avocat ou d’un autre professionnel. Les analyses The analysis contained herein should in no way be construed as being either comprises dans les pr´esentes ne doivent etreˆ interpr´et´ees d’aucune fa¸con official or unofficial policy of any governmental body. comme etant´ des politiques officielles ou non officielles de quelque organ- isme gouvernemental que ce soit. 8 The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of 8 Le papier utilis´e dans cette publication satisfait aux exigences minimales American National Standard for Information Sciences — Permanence of Pa- de l’American National Standard for Information Sciences — Permanence of per for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1984. Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1984. ISSN 0835-3808 ISBN 978-0-7798-0887-8 Printed in Canada by Thomson Reuters CARSWELL, A DIVISION OF THOMSON REUTERS CANADA LIMITED One Corporate Plaza Customer Relations 2075 Kennedy Road Toronto 1-416-609-3800 Toronto, Ontario Elsewhere in Canada/U.S. 1-800-387-5164 M1T 3V4 Fax 1-416-298-5082 www.carswell.com E-mail www.carswell.com/email Mavi v. Canada (Attorney General) 173 [Indexed as: Mavi v. Canada (Attorney General)] Attorney General of Canada, Appellant and Pritpal Singh Mavi, Maria Cristina Jatuff de Altamirano, Nedzad Dzihic, Rania El- Murr, Oleg Grankin, Raymond Hince, Homa Vossoughi and Hamid Zebaradami, Respondents Attorney General of Ontario, Appellant and Pritpal Singh Mavi, Maria Cristina Jatuff de Altamirano, Nedzad Dzihic, Rania El- Murr, Oleg Grankin, Raymond Hince, Homa Vossoughi and Hamid Zebaradami, Respondents and South Asian Legal Clinic of Ontario, Canadian Council for Refugees, Metropolitan Action Committee on Violence against Women and Children and Canadian Civil Liberties Association, Interveners Supreme Court of Canada Docket: 33520 2011 SCC 30 McLachlin C.J.C., Binnie, LeBel, Deschamps, Fish, Abella, Charron, Rothstein, Cromwell JJ. Heard: December 9, 2010 Judgment: June 10, 2011 Immigration and citizenship –––– Admission — Immigrants — Family class — Dependent family member –––– Sponsors brought applications to sponsor family members for entry to Canada and signed required undertakings promising to provide for relatives’ needs and to ensure relatives would not re- quire social assistance during sponsorship period — Immigration Act and its successor Immigration and Refugee Protection Act (IRPA) provided that amount of social assistance paid to relative during sponsorship period was debt owed by sponsor to government and that debt “may be recovered” either by federal or provincial government that made payment — Ontario sought repay- ment — Eight sponsors claimed they were unable to pay due to circumstances beyond their control — Sponsors brought application for declaration discharging them from debt — Application was dismissed — Trial judge found that IRPA did not impose obligation on government to consider sponsors’ circumstances on case-by-case basis — Trial judge found that Parliament intended to simplify debt enforcement and did not intend there to be formalized process — Use of “may be recovered” did not require exercise of discretion or give rise to duty of procedural fairness — Sponsors appealed — Appeal was allowed — Trial judge erred in finding that words “may be recovered” were merely enabling and did not also confer discretion on governments — Federal and provincial govern- 174 IMMIGRATION LAW REPORTER 97 Imm. L.R. (3d) ments have case-by-case discretion whether to enforce
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