DOCSLIB.ORG

Women in Politics in Montenegro June 2012

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

ATTITUDES TOWARD WOMEN IN POLITICS IN MONTENEGRO JUNE 2012 139 Government of Montenegro Ministry of Justice Women in politics Montenegro, June 2012 1 ATTITUDES TOWARD WOMEN IN POLITICS IN MONTENEGRO JUNE 2012 2 ATTITUDES TOWARD WOMEN IN POLITICS IN MONTENEGRO JUNE 2012 Table of contents 1. Research methodology .................................................................................................................. 5 1.1 Desk......................................................................................................................................... 7 1.2 Face-to-face (F-2-F) survey ....................................................................................................... 7 1.3 In-depth interviews .................................................................................................................. 8 1.4 Response meters ................................................................................................................... 10 2. Legal and strategic frame ............................................................................................................. 11 2.1 International standards and initiatives ................................................................................... 11 2.2 National normative and institutional frame............................................................................ 17 2.2.1. Normative and strategic frame ....................................................................................... 17 2.2.2. Institutional framework and incentive programs ............................................................ 22 3. Political participation of women in practice ................................................................................. 25 3.1. Quotas and raising women’s participation in politics ............................................................. 28 3.2. Montenegro – current situation ............................................................................................ 30 3.2.1. Current women's representation in the highest state bodies of Montenegro ................. 31 3.2.2. Programs of political parties in Montenegro ................................................................... 34 3.2.3. Report of the CEDAW Committee ................................................................................. 40 3.2.4. Report on Millennium Goals implementation in Montenegro ...................................... 41 5. Views on Politics .......................................................................................................................... 45 6. Presence of women in politics ..................................................................................................... 51 6.1. Views on greater participation of women in politics .............................................................. 59 6.2. Position of women in parties................................................................................................. 64 6.3. Cooperation with non-governmental sector .......................................................................... 65 7. Obstacles to greater participation of women in politics ............................................................... 66 7.3. Authoritarianism and (non) democracity .................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 8. Media and women in politics ............................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined. 9. Objectives perception and necessity of men and women .................. Error! Bookmark not defined. 10. Female and male principle in politics, myth or reality...................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 11. Awareness and trust ....................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 11.1 Trust in electoral messages ....................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 12. Ideal male and female politician's profile ........................................ Error! Bookmark not defined. 13. Perspective for women in politics ................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 14. Conclusions and recommendations ................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined. 3 ATTITUDES TOWARD WOMEN IN POLITICS IN MONTENEGRO JUNE 2012 4 ATTITUDES TOWARD WOMEN IN POLITICS IN MONTENEGRO JUNE 2012 1. Research methodology In the research about position of women in politics two target groups were studied and various research methods and techniques were applied. Ambition of the research was to feel the pulse of public opinion on one hand, and examine attitudes, opinions and perception of public opinion, that is, to study the attitudes, opinions and perception of Montenegrin citizens through field F2F survey and discussion groups which include evaluations by means of response meters. On the other hand, the research aims to understand how the most important actors of social and political life perceive the position of women in Montenegro. These actors are political functionaries, functionaries in political parties, representatives of nongovernmental organizations and media companies. Their opinions and perceptions are examined through in-depth-interviews. The most important details connected with the chosen methodological approach are presented in the following table: Type of Short description Most important goals research Assessment of the existing legal framework and gender mechanisms Analysis of legal framework and the existing which secure bigger participation of mechanisms for participation of women in women in politics politics, review, comparison and current DESK Review of experiences from other experiences of other countries regarding research countries, with accent on cases which participation of women in politics, relevant support the assumption that bigger changes as a result of increased number of participation of women can bring positive women in politics and decision making. changes Evaluate to what extent general population understands the role and position of women General population; in politics (“what women politicians can A total of 1230 F-2-F interviews. 1000 change”) and what the voters can expect from interviews on nationally representative women in politics. Testing of presence and F-2-F survey sample; Addition to sample – the so scope of gender-related stereotypes regarding called booster (oversample) - 200 the so-called „masculine“ issues (security, interviews with members of ethnic police, crime, etc.) and “feminine” issues minorities (education, health, social protection, etc.), through field survey 5 ATTITUDES TOWARD WOMEN IN POLITICS IN MONTENEGRO JUNE 2012 Female politicians and decision makers in political parties, advisors and persons Assessment of motivation of women who who make the most important decisions actively participate in politics and barriers in political parties, NGO representatives which they face in private and professional In-depth- and representatives of institutions which life, understanding the way in which political interviews cooperate with female MPs, as well as parties chose their leaderships, expectations representatives of the most influential regarding position of women in future, media attitudes on introduction of quotas A total of 22 interviews Evaluate to what extent the same political Two groups with 20 citizens in each, of messages presented by men and women can Response- different sex, age, voting preferences and influence the potential voters, and whether meters nationality there are topics which female politicians A total of 40 participants present more successfully. 6 ATTITUDES TOWARD WOMEN IN POLITICS IN MONTENEGRO JUNE 2012 1.1 Desk Secondary research (also known as Desk Research) involves collection of data from the existing resources and summing up, comparison and/or synthesis of the existing research. Desk research is very effective and it can be conducted in the initial research phase, but it can also be used as an independent research technique. Use of desk research in the initial phase of research process provides us with basic information about particular topic. This type of research is the most effective if it is combined with other methodological solutions, because it provides extensive and complete information about some topic. Desk analysis allowed us to understand the broader context, primarily legal framework, the existing mechanisms and data about participation of women in politics. Besides that, desk analysis helped us understand the experiences of other countries (for which the data are available) on how the politics changed with increased participation of women in parliaments and governments, aiming to show a clear connection between participation of women and changes in politics. We consider this aspect particularly important, since positive example of foreign countries which are economically and socially more developed can be a strong argument for decision makers in political parties, but also for the citizens on elections. In order to realize the main objectives o the whole study, three main topics were realized with the help of desk research: Assessment of broader socio-economic and cultural context of women's participation in politics Assessment of the existing legal framework and gender-related mechanisms which secure bigger participation of women in politics Review, comparison and presentation of experiences from other countries regarding participation of women in politics,
Recommended publications
  • Monografija EPCG Za Web Low

    Monografija EPCG Za Web Low

    100 GODINA CRNOGORSKE ELEKTROPRIVREDE Autori Prof. dr Živko M. Andrijašević Prof. dr Zvezdan Folić Mr Dragutin Papović Izdavač Elektroprivreda Crne Gore AD Nikšić Za izdavača Srđan Kovačević Stručni konsultant Prof. dr Lazar Ljubiša Lektor i korektor Zuvdija Hodžić Prepress Vladimir Papić, Lutrex Podgorica Štampa Grafotisak Grude Tiraž 1000 CIP - Katalogizacija u publikaciji Centralna narodna biblioteka Crne Gore, Cetiwe 621.31(497.16)(091) АНДРИЈАШЕВИЋ, Живко М. [Sto] 100 godina crnogorske elektroprivrede / Živko M. Andrijašević, Zvezdan Folić, Dragutin Papović. - Nikšić : Elektroprivreda Crne Gore AD Nikšić, 2010 (Grude : Grafotisak) . - 256 str. : fotogr., faks; 32 cm Tiraž 1000. ISBN 978-9940-9295-0-3 1. Фолић, Звездан [аутор] 2. Паповић, Драгутин [аутор] а) Електропривреда - Црна Гора - Историја - COBISS.CG-ID 16237072 Živko M. Andrijašević Zvezdan Folić Dragutin Papović USE THIS LOGO VERSION ABOVE 4cm GODINA CRNOGORSKE ELEKTROPRIVREDE Nikšić 2010. PREDGOVOR Avgusta 1910. godine u Crnoj Gori je na najsvečaniji način, i u prisustvu velikog broja inostranih zvanica, obilježen jubilej knjaza Nikole – pedeset godina vladavine. Na dan jubileja, knjaz Nikola je proglašen za kralja, a Crna Gora za kraljevinu. U vrijeme ovog velikog jubileja, u Cetinju, crnogorskoj prijestolnici, puštena je u rad prva električna centrala za javne namjene. Grad je tada dobio električno osvjetljenje. Avgusta 2010. godine navršilo se sto godina od kada je na prostoru Crne Gore počela upotreba električne energije za javne svrhe (osvjetljenje naselja). Tim povodom, preduzeće “Elektroprivreda Crne Gore” odlučilo je da ovaj veliki jubilej – vijek elektrike u Crnoj Gori, obilježi nizom manifestacija, kao i da publikuje monografiju koja će prikazati istorijat ove privredne grane na prostoru Crne Gore tokom jednog vijeka.
  • PREDSJEDNIK RH STJEPAN MESIĆ DODIJELIO ODLIČJE DR. MILOŠU MILOŠEVIĆU Ponos Svima

    PREDSJEDNIK RH STJEPAN MESIĆ DODIJELIO ODLIČJE DR. MILOŠU MILOŠEVIĆU Ponos Svima

    GLASILO HRVATA CRNE GORE Godina VI Broj 39-40 Lipanj-Srpanj 2008. Cijena 1 € ISSN 1800-5179 PREDSJEDNIK RH STJEPAN MESIĆ DODIJELIO ODLIČJE DR. MILOŠU MILOŠEVIĆU Ponos svima 1200 GODINA DOLASKA 880099.. moćiju Sv. Tripuna u Kotor 22000099.. DR. MILOŠ MILOŠEVIĆ Poštovani čitatelji Događaji su u lipnju i srpnju samo prestizali jedan drugog – dodjela odličja dr. Milošu Miloševiću; gostovanje Hrvat - skog narodnog kazališta Zagreb; Prvi regionalni susret urednika glasila manjinskih zajednica i njihovih medijskih partnera… Sve u Kotoru, na inicijativu i u organizaciji Hr - Plovidba morima vatskog građanskog društva Crne Gore. Nije bilo lako ; trebalo je danonoćno raditi na usaglašava - dokumenata nju svakog detalja. I kada je već izgledalo da su ovo ipak prekrupni „zalogaji“ za jednu NVO, u kojoj djeluju uglav - STR. 10 nom entuzijasti, počeli su se uključivati novi , mladi članovi PREDSJEDNIK SKUPŠTINE CRNE GORE društva. Svoju potporu nesebično su, i svojom nazočnošću i RANKO KRIVOKAPIĆ akcijama, dali prijatelji iz Dubrovnika, ministarstva kulture i medija dviju država , Općina Kotor, Veleposlanstvo i Kon - Uvijek spreman zulat RH. Gradonačelnica Kotora došla je da otvori Regionalni su - da pomognem sret urednika , iako pod terapijom i sa visokom temperatu - STR. 14 rom. Pomoćnik ministra Željko Rutović, diplomate Nebojša Kirigin i Radojko Nižić ostali su do kraja susreta i aktivno POVJERENSTVO RASPODIJELILO sudjelovali u diskusiji . Jedan od sudionika skupa prokomen - SREDSTVA MVPEI RH tirao je kako prvi puta vidi tako nešto kada je u pitanju vlast Boćari pregazili Držića i predstavnici diplomacije. Mediji, dopisnici svih dnevnih listova, radio i TV stanica, STR. 24 propratili su sve spomenute događaje, dali najave, priloge, intervjue. PRVI REGIONALNI SUSRET UREDNIKA Sada, kada je sve iza nas i još pristižu pozitivni odjeci, HGDCG je ponosno što je ( i ne prvi puta) odradilo vrije - Za jačanje uloge dan posao od značaja za međudržavne odnose i očuvanje manjinskih medija identiteta hrvatske zajednice u Crnoj Gori.
  • Nation Building - Montenegro

    Nation Building - Montenegro

    Report Nation building - Montenegro For: Client name October 2011 CONTENTS How to read tables 5 Results 7 Background .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 8 What is your citizenship? ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 9 Witch passports do you hold? If you have more than one please name all of them ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 10 Have you been born in Montenegro? .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 11 For how many years have you been living in this country? ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................
  • Concerning Montenegro

    Concerning Montenegro

    WRITTEN COMMENTS OF THE EUROPEAN ROMA RIGHTS CENTRE (ERRC) AND THE CENTRE FOR ROMA INITIATIVES (“CRI”) CONCERNING MONTENEGRO FOR CONSIDERATION BY THE UNITED NATIONS COMMITTEE ON THE ELIMINATION OF RACIAL DISCRIMINATION AT ITS 74th SESSION C E R D 7 4 t h S E S S I O N RAE IN MONTENEGRO Index 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .......................................................................................... 3 2. INTRODUCTION – LAW AND POLICY CONTEXT ............................................................ 5 3. ARTICLES 1 AND 2: PROHIBITION OF RACIAL DISCRIMINATION ..................................... 8 4. ARTICLE 5: EQUALITY BEFORE THE LAW .................................................................. 9 4.1 ARTICLE 5B: THE RIGHT TO SECURITY OF PERSON AND PROTECTION BY THE STATE AGAINST VIOLENCE OR BODILY HARM: VIOLENCE AGAINST RAE WOMEN .................. 9 4.2 ARTICLE 5C: POLITICAL RIGHTS AND ARTICLE 2.2: TEMPORARY SPECIAL MEASURES ................................................................................................. 10 4.3 ARTICLE 5E I: THE RIGHT TO WORK, TO FREE CHOICE OF EMPLOYMENT, TO JUST AND FAVOURABLE CONDITIONS OF WORK, TO PROTECTION AGAINST UNEMPLOYMENT, TO EQUAL PAY FOR EQUAL WORK AND TO JUST AND FAVOURABLE REMUNERATION.......... 10 4.4 ARTICLE 5E IV: THE RIGHT TO PUBLIC HEALTH, MEDICAL CARE, SOCIAL SECURITY AND SOCIAL SERVICES ................................................................................... 11 4.5 ARTICLE 5E V: THE RIGHT TO EDUCATION .......................................................
  • Second Quarterly Report on the State of Human Rights in Montenegro In

    Second Quarterly Report on the State of Human Rights in Montenegro In

    YIHR QUARTERLY REPORT ON THE STATE OF HUMAN RIGHTS 2011 I Previous information The second quarterly report of Youth Initiative for Human Rights (YIHR) includes information collected during the period from April 1, 2011 and June 1, 2011. In our work, we used techniques of researching on the terrain, press clipping, analysis, interviews, and SOS phone line. YIHR conducts monitoring of human rights in Montenegro for the fifth year in a row and until nowadays, our organization published five annual reports and more quarterly reports that are available on our web site www.yihr.me . The report includes areas we have identified through our previous work as concerning ones, and the accent is on the state of human rights in practice. More detailed legal analysis of standards of human rights is being prepared for the annual report. The Report has been prepared by YIHR team, with financial and expert support of Civil Rights Defenders. At the time of preparation of this Report, cooperation with CAZAS, UNICEF, UNHCR and Association of People with Paraplegia in Pljevlja, Bijelo Polje and Rožaje, has been achieved, just as in preparation of previous quarterly report. Census was conducted in April, 2011. Statistical Office of Montenegro announced that Montenegro had 625.266 citizens, which was only 5.000 more than in 2003. The Court for Human Rights in Strasbourg rendered fifth verdict against Montenegro. Currently, there are 700 cases at the procedure, which is very large number in comparison with the number of citizens. The Government and other public bodies continued good cooperation and communication with NGO sector.
  • Gender Analysis and Recommendations For

    Gender Analysis and Recommendations For

    Gender analysis and recommendations for strengthening the inclusion of gender perspective in the implementation of the Action "Improving Procedural Safeguards in Judicial Proceedings in Montenegro" Ms Sanja Elezovic This document was produced with the financial support of the European Union and the Council of Europe. The views expressed herein can in no way be taken to reflect the official opinion of either party. © 2019 Council of Europe. All rights reserved. Licensed to the European Union under conditions. No part of this publication may be translated, reproduced or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic (CD-Rom, Internet, etc.) or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or any information storage or retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from the Directorate of Communications (F-67075 Strasbourg Cedex or [email protected]). 2 Contents Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 4 Methodology .............................................................................................................................. 5 Legal and Institutional Framework for Gender Equality........................................................ 7 Women and Men in Montenegro - access to and share of resources and decision making: .............................................................................................................................................. 10 Judicial framework, practice and penal policies
  • Anthropology of Gender in Montenegro. an Introduction

    Anthropology of Gender in Montenegro. an Introduction

    Comp. Southeast Europ. Stud. 2021; 69(1): 5–18 In the Name of the Daughter. Anthropology of Gender in Montenegro Čarna Brković* In the Name of the Daughter – Anthropology of Gender in Montenegro. An Introduction https://doi.org/10.1515/soeu-2021-2013 Gender in Montenegro In 2012 international organizations warned that Montenegro is one of the world’s leaders in sex-selective abortion, with as a result significantly fewer births of babies recognized as girls.1 Initially, that piece of data seemed to attract little attention, but that changed after a few years. NGOs working on women’srightsorganizedcampaigns advocating against the practice of sex-selective abortion; German journalists came to Montenegro and reported on them; the Montenegrin national newspaper Pobjeda stopped publishing information on the genders of new-born children and began reporting births gender-neutrally instead. In dominant media and NGO discourses, sex- selective abortion was interpreted as the result of the patriarchal backwardness of the country, where sons were more valued and, therefore, more wanted than daughters. The collection of articles in front of you explores how to look beyond the balkanist discourse to understand abortion and other gendered practices in Montenegro.2 It articulates anthropological criticism of patriarchy, misogyny, and gender inequality in Montenegro without reiterating the common tropes about 1 United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) data reveal that Montenegro is one of the top eleven countries in the world for sex imbalance at birth; that is in the difference between the numbers of boys and girls. Cf. Christophe Z. Guilmoto, Sex Imbalances at Birth. Current Trends, Consequences and Policy Implications, UNFPA Asia and Pacific Regional Office, Bangkok 2012, 20.
  • 20120828 Lekic Montenegro's EU Accession, Briefing Paper

    20120828 Lekic Montenegro's EU Accession, Briefing Paper

    MONTENEGRO’S ACCESSION TO THE EU: TAKING STOCK AND SUGGESTING AREAS FOR PROGRESS Maša Lekić Abstract With the opening of the EU accession negotiations at the end of June 2012, Montenegro has been awarded with recognition of making progress in the past years and endorsing its political dedication to become an EU member. As a candidate state and a relatively young country at the international stage, Montenegro is particularly devoted to joining the Union. In order to fulfill the EU membership criteria, Montenegro is focusing on matching the political and economic criteria set by the EU, implementing the acquis communautaire (the EU legislation), and endorsing the EU principles of: democracy, the rule of law, respect for human rights and protection for minority groups, as well as economic criteria. Nevertheless, Montenegro is still facing obstacles in reform implementation, the most challenging being public administration reform, reforming the judicial system and strengthening the rule of law, protecting minority rights, enhancing media freedom and fighting corruption and organized crime. The Global Governance Institute has identified three major challenges obstructing Montenegro’s path to EU membership: protection of women's rights, overcoming regional differences and reforming the judicial system. GGI Briefing Paper 3/2012 GGI Briefing Paper Series The Global Governance Institute Peace & Security Section Pleinlaan 5, Brussels B-1050 Belgium © The Global Governance Institute (GGI) Email: [email protected] August 2012 Web: www.globalgovernance.eu Montenegro’s path to EU membership within the family.3 A very high tolerance for violence against women is present both among 30 June 2012 marked the opening of EU state institutions and within society.
  • Montenegro: Vassal Or Sovereign?

    Montenegro: Vassal Or Sovereign?

    Scholars Crossing Faculty Publications and Presentations Helms School of Government January 2009 Montenegro: Vassal or Sovereign? Octavian Sofansky Stephen R. Bowers Liberty University, [email protected] Marion T. Doss, Jr. Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.liberty.edu/gov_fac_pubs Part of the Other Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons, Political Science Commons, and the Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration Commons Recommended Citation Sofansky, Octavian; Bowers, Stephen R.; and Doss, Jr., Marion T., "Montenegro: Vassal or Sovereign?" (2009). Faculty Publications and Presentations. 28. https://digitalcommons.liberty.edu/gov_fac_pubs/28 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Helms School of Government at Scholars Crossing. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Publications and Presentations by an authorized administrator of Scholars Crossing. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Montenegro: Vassal or Sovereign? 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY................................ ................................ ............... 3 INTRODUCTION ................................ ................................ ......................... 4 STRATEGIC SIGNIFICANCE OF MONTENEGRO................................ .............. 6 INTERNAL POLITICAL DUALISM ................................ ................................ 12 RUSSIAN POLICY TOWARDS THE BALKANS................................ ............... 21 MULTILATERAL IMPLICATIONS
  • Women in the Parliament of Montenegro

    Women in the Parliament of Montenegro

    Mila Brnović Women in the Parliament of Montenegro 2016 How to make each seat matter? Women in Montenegrin Parliament are both misrepresented and underrepresented. Although improvements were made, impact of female MPs remains unclear and is perceived by the public as rather low. With expected rise of number of female MPs in elections on 16 October 2016, set of measures ensuring their visibility is necessary in order to be able to call Montenegro a parliamentary democracy. Women in the Parliament of Montenegro Publisher Evropski pokret u Crnoj Gori For publisher Momčilo Radulović Author Mila Brnović Proofreading Marko Lubarda Design and Printing Studio MOUSE- Podgorica Circulation 40 European Movement in Montenegro (EMIM) Sima Barovica 4, 81000 Podgorica Tel/Fax: 020/268-651; Email: [email protected] web: www.emim.org, www.eukonvencija.me In Podgorica, November 2016 Note: This policy brief has been prepared in the framework of the TRAIN Programme 2016 (Think Tanks Providing Research and Advice through Interaction and Networking), which is supported by the German Federal Foreign Office (Stability Pact for South East Europe) and implemented by the German Council on Foreign Relations (DGAP). 2 Currently, there is 18,5% of women in the Parlia- result very low, but also the obvious questions ment of Montenegro, which is the highest share should be posed: Why did the legal provision of a of women in the history of this institution. To 30% quota not produce such representation, and be very precise, 18,5% means that 15 out of 81 why did this number change in only one term? seats in the Parliament are held by women.
  • The Case of Montenegro in the European Perspective

    The Case of Montenegro in the European Perspective

    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Article Family Policy and Child Well-Being: The Case of Montenegro in the European Perspective Branko Boškovi´c 1,* , Harriet Churchill 2 and Oriola Hamzallari 3 1 Humanistic Studies, University of Donja Gorica, Oktoih 1, 81000 Podgorica, Montenegro 2 Department of Sociological Studies, University of Sheffield, Elmfield Building, Northumberland Road, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK; h.churchill@sheffield.ac.uk 3 Department of Psychology, Aleksander Moisiu University, Rruga Miqesia, Spitalle, 2000 Durres, Albania; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +382-20-410-772 Abstract: Family policies and family support measures have been identified as having major im- plications for child well-being, particularly through their role in influencing parental and family resources, circumstances and behaviour. The official approach to family policies focuses on oppor- tunities for families to balance their work and family duties and care for their children. This paper analyses the type of policies available in Montenegro compared to the European Union. Potentially, Montenegro will become an EU member state, thus it is important to take a look at Montenegrin practice, as children should have equal life chances and protection of their well-being. Having a solid legal framework per se does not necessarily result in significant positive outcomes, and this paper analyses whether children in Montenegro have the same opportunities for development, in the context of family policies, as their counterparts in the rest of Europe. The focus of the paper will be on the criteria that define family rights and obligations, eligibility, availability and use of family Citation: Boškovi´c,B.; Churchill, H.; Hamzallari, O.
  • Parliamentary Assembly Assemblée Parlementaire

    Parliamentary Assembly Assemblée Parlementaire

    Parliamentary Assembly Assemblée parlementaire http://assembly.coe.int Doc. 13217 30 May 2013 Observation of the presidential election in Montenegro (7 April 2013) Election observation report Ad hoc Committee of the Bureau Rapporteur: Mr Christopher CHOPE, United Kingdom, European Democrat Group Contents Page 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................................. 1 2. Political and legal framework .................................................................................................................. 2 3. Election administration and registration of lists and candidates .............................................................2 4. The election campaign and the media environment ............................................................................... 4 5. Polling day .............................................................................................................................................. 6 6. Conclusions and recommendations........................................................................................................ 6 Appendix 1 – Composition of the ad hoc committee.................................................................................... 8 Appendix 2 – Programme of the election observation mission .................................................................... 9 Appendix 3 – Declaration of the presidential election observation mission ..............................................