DOCSLIB.ORG

Archaeology at Drayton Hall, 2005

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Archaeology at Drayton Hall, 2005 Unearthing the Past, Learning for the Future: Archaeology at Drayton Hall, 2005 By Martha Zierden and Ronald Anthony The Charleston Museum Archaeological Contributions 37 The Charleston Museum April 2006 Prepared for National Trust for Historic Preservation Drayton Hall Abstract A second season of archaeological testing was conducted by The Charleston Museum under grants from the National Trust for Historic Preservation. Additional testing was conducted at locus 22, building upon results of the 2003 testing program and the 2004 ground penetrating radar survey. Excavation of 29 units in the lawn northwest of the main house revealed additional post stains, interpreted as dwellings for enslaved African Americans. The testing also revealed the remains of two brick foundations. The first, measuring approximately 24’ by 44’, is interpreted as a barn. Only a portion of the second building was revealed, but it also appears to be non-domestic. Artifacts recovered from the site span the 18th century and first quarter of the 19th century. Excavations were conducted by students enrolled in the Archaeological Field School at the College of Charleston, co-directed by Barbara Borg (College of Charleston), Martha Zierden and Ronald Anthony of The Charleston Museum. ii Table of Contents Foreword . viii Chapter I: Introduction . 1 The Charleston Museum Project . 2 Research Topics . 4 Previous Research . 6 Archaeology and Historic Preservation . 7 Chapter II: Project Setting . 9 Site Description . 9 Development of City and Countryside . 11 Development of Drayton Hall . 14 Post-Revolutionary Prosperity . 17 The Civil War and Aftermath . 21 Post-War Changes . 22 Chapter III: Fieldwork . 25 General Field Methods . 25 Fieldwork . 29 Chapter IV: Analysis of the Materials . 41 Laboratory Methods . 41 Analysis . 42 The Artifact Assemblage . 43 Prehistoric Artifacts . 58 Chapter V: Interpretations . 62 The Built Environment . 63 Site Function and Artifact Patterning . 70 Landscape Patterning . 75 Analysis of Colonoware . 79 Summary and Interpretations . 87 References . 91 iii List of Figures 1. View of Drayton Hall from Locus 22 . 1 2. Remote sensing by General Engineering Geophysics . 3 3. Kate McKinley lectures to students and staff . 3 4. Teachers work with field school students . 4 5. Consultation between Trust Senior archaeologist and archaeologists . 7 6. Students interpret site to visitors . 8 7. Topographic map of locus 22 . 9 8. View of Drayton Hall from reflecting pond . 10 9. Crisp map of 1711 . 13 10. 1724 Will of Thomas Drayton . 15 11. Charles Drayton’s 1796 plan of Drayton Hall landscape . 19 12. Lewis Gibbes’ 1840 sketch of the locus 22 area . 20 13. 1886 view of the entry axis . 23 14. View of Drayton Hall and flankers . 24 15. 2005 grid system and 1978 grid established by Lewis . 26 16. Contour map of locus 22 . 27 17. Target map produced by General Engineering Geophysics . 30 18. Feature 46 in N650E250 . 30 19. Feature 91 in N580E275 . 31 20. Views of feature 45 . 32 21. Feature 54. 33 22. Aerial view of feature 45 . 34 23. Composite map, features 45 and 54 . 34 24. N700E200 block, later posts . 35 25. N700E200 block, structural posts . 36 26. N700E200 block, second group of structural posts . 36 27. N700E200 block, earliest features . 36 28. Aerial view of N700E200 block . 37 29. Plan and profile views of feature 52 . 38 30. Excavated features . 38 31. Chinese export porcelain . 45 32. Creamware bowl . 46 33. Examples of coarse earthenwares . 49 34. Brown saltglazed stoneware . 50 35. Late 18th century bottles from feature 45 . 51 36. Medicinal, table glass . 51 37. Pewter spoon bowl . 51 38. Clothing buckles, buttons . 52 39. Glass beads . 53 40. Furniture hardware . 53 iv 41. Tobacco pipes . 54 42. Harness buckles . 54 43. Carriage hardware . 55 44. Worked rib bone . 55 45. Prehistoric lithics . 58 46. Distribution of prehistoric artifacts . 59 47. Aerial view of feature 45/54 . 64 48. Distribution of nails . 64 49. Equestrian artifacts from feature 45/54 . 65 50. Distribution of ceramics . 66 51. Views of structural features . 66 52. Distribution of brick . 67 53. Post hole pattern, N700E200 block . 68 54. Distribution of early ceramics . 69 55. Aerial view of N700E200 block . 70 56. Distribution of total artifacts . ..
Load more

Recommended publications
  • 843.953.6956 Ellison Capers
    The Citadel Archives & Museum 171 Moultrie Street Charleston, S.C. Telephone 843.953.6846 Fax: 843.953.6956 ELLISON CAPERS PAPERS A1961.1 BIOGRAPHY From the Dictionary of American Biography Base Set. American Council of Learned Societies, 1928-1936. Ellison Capers (Oct. 14, 1837-Apr. 22, 1908), Confederate soldier, Episcopal bishop, was born in Charleston, South Carolina. His parents were William Capers and Susan (McGill) Capers. With the exception of two years in Oxford, Georgia, Ellison Capers spent his childhood and youth in Charleston, where he attended the two private schools and the high school. He received additional training in the Conference School, Cokesbury, and in Anderson Academy. In 1854 he entered the South Carolina Military Academy (The Citadel). He graduated in 1857 and taught for that year at The Citadel as an instructor in mathematics. In 1858, he served as principal of the preparatory department at Mt. Zion College, Winnsboro, South Carolina but returned to The Citadel in January 1859 as assistant professor of mathematics. The next month he married Charlotte Palmer of Cherry Grove Plantation. At the outbreak of the Civil War, Capers was elected major of a volunteer regiment which took part in the bombardment of Fort Sumter. This organization gave way to a permanent unit, the 24th South Carolina Infantry, of which Capers was 1 lieutenant-colonel. After two years of fighting in the Carolinas, the bloodiest occurring at the battles on James Island, the regiment was ordered in May 1863 to go with General Joseph E. Johnston to the relief of Vicksburg, Mississippi. From this time until the surrender at Bentonville, North Carolina, Capers was in the midst of hard campaigning and intense fighting.
    [Show full text]
  • Inventory of the Grimke Family Papers, 1678-1977, Circa 1990S
    Inventory of the Grimke Family Papers, 1678-1977, circa 1990s Addlestone Library, Special Collections College of Charleston 66 George Street Charleston, SC 29424 USA http://archives.library.cofc.edu Phone: (843) 953-8016 | Fax: (843) 953-6319 Table of Contents Descriptive Summary................................................................................................................ 3 Biographical and Historical Note...............................................................................................3 Collection Overview...................................................................................................................4 Restrictions................................................................................................................................ 5 Search Terms............................................................................................................................6 Related Material........................................................................................................................ 6 Administrative Information......................................................................................................... 7 Detailed Description of the Collection.......................................................................................8 John Paul Grimke letters (generation 1)........................................................................... 8 John F. and Mary Grimke correspondence (generation 2)................................................8
    [Show full text]
  • Initial Archeological Investigations at an Ashley River Rice Plantation Kenneth E
    University of South Carolina Scholar Commons Archaeology and Anthropology, South Carolina Research Manuscript Series Institute of 6-1979 Middleton Place: Initial Archeological Investigations at an Ashley River Rice Plantation Kenneth E. Lewis Donald L. Hardesty Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/archanth_books Part of the Anthropology Commons Recommended Citation Lewis, Kenneth E. and Hardesty, Donald L., "Middleton Place: Initial Archeological Investigations at an Ashley River Rice Plantation" (1979). Research Manuscript Series. 150. https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/archanth_books/150 This Book is brought to you by the Archaeology and Anthropology, South Carolina Institute of at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Research Manuscript Series by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Middleton Place: Initial Archeological Investigations at an Ashley River Rice Plantation Keywords Excavations, Middleton Place, Ashley River, Dorchester County, South Carolina, Archeology Disciplines Anthropology Publisher The outhS Carolina Institute of Archeology and Anthropology--University of South Carolina Comments In USC online Library catalog at: http://www.sc.edu/library/ This book is available at Scholar Commons: https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/archanth_books/150 MIDDLETON PLACE: INITIAL ARCHEOLOGI'7AL INVESTIGATIONS AT AN ASHLEY RIVER RICE PLANTATION by Kenneth E. Lewis and Donald L. Hardesty Research Manuscript Series No. 148 Prepared by the INSTITUTE OF ARCHEOLOGY AND ANTHROPOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA June, 1979 • The University of South Carolina offers equal opportunity in its employment, admissions and educational activities, in accordance with Title IX, section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 and other civil rights laws.
    [Show full text]
  • President's Message, April 26, 2017 Dear Civil War Enthusiast, Another Year in the Round Table Is Coming to an End
    President's Message, April 26, 2017 Dear Civil War Enthusiast, Another year in the Round Table is coming to an end. The year has brought us many great speakers and terrific field trips. (Two trips subsidized by the South Carolina Humanities Council.) I was traveling in March and missed the trip to Fort Pulaski. Everyone I spoke to stated that it was a great day and that the stop on Tybee Island was very special. During this past season, we also had Hurricane Matthew that caused us to cancel our October meeting. While there was quite a bit of property damage, we survived and thrived. Our April speaker, Karen Abbott, received rave reviews. Thank you to the Programming Committee for finding these outstanding speakers. Now, it is May again, our final speaker of our regular season is upon us. Phil Leigh has a great subject and, my understanding, is that he will be bringing several of his published books for purchase. (Phil was initially scheduled for October.) May is also the time that, as required by the bylaws, I present the annual state of the club report. As you are aware our membership slipped significantly this year, and that has consequences. Further, it is time for the election of new officers for 2017-2018. (Please note that we still require a VP, Program Chair, and Hospitality Chair.) Do not hesitate to offer yourself to this service. The entire Executive Committee will support you. After an exhaustive process, Caroline Kennedy and Joe Roney are ready to announce our annual Scholarship winner, this will be our third recipient.
    [Show full text]
  • AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORIC PLACES in SOUTH CAROLINA ////////////////////////////// September 2015
    AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORIC PLACES IN SOUTH CAROLINA ////////////////////////////// September 2015 State Historic Preservation Office South Carolina Department of Archives and History should be encouraged. The National Register program his publication provides information on properties in South Carolina is administered by the State Historic in South Carolina that are listed in the National Preservation Office at the South Carolina Department of Register of Historic Places or have been Archives and History. recognized with South Carolina Historical Markers This publication includes summary information about T as of May 2015 and have important associations National Register properties in South Carolina that are with African American history. More information on these significantly associated with African American history. More and other properties is available at the South Carolina extensive information about many of these properties is Archives and History Center. Many other places in South available in the National Register files at the South Carolina Carolina are important to our African American history and Archives and History Center. Many of the National Register heritage and are eligible for listing in the National Register nominations are also available online, accessible through or recognition with the South Carolina Historical Marker the agency’s website. program. The State Historic Preservation Office at the South Carolina Department of Archives and History welcomes South Carolina Historical Marker Program (HM) questions regarding the listing or marking of other eligible South Carolina Historical Markers recognize and interpret sites. places important to an understanding of South Carolina’s past. The cast-aluminum markers can tell the stories of African Americans have made a vast contribution to buildings and structures that are still standing, or they can the history of South Carolina throughout its over-300-year- commemorate the sites of important historic events or history.
    [Show full text]
  • Wardlaw Family
    GENEALOGY OF THE WARDLAW FAMILY WITH SOME ACCOUNT OF OTHER FAMILIES WITH WHICH IT IS CONNECTED DATE MICROFILM GENEALOGICAL DEPARTMENT ITEM ON ROLL CAMERA NO CHURCH OF JESUS CHRIST OF LATTER-DAY SAINTS CATALOGUE NO. iKJJr/? 7-/02 ^s<m BY JOSEPH G. WARDLAW EXPLANATION OF CHARACTERS The letters A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H denote the generations beginning with Robert (Al). The large figures indicate the heads of families, or those especially mentioned in their generation. Each generation begins with 1 and continues in regular sequence. The small figures show number, according to birth, in each particular family. Children dying in infancy or early youth are not mentioned again in line with their brothers and sisters. As the work progressed, new material was received, which, in some measure, interfered with the plan above outlined. Many families named in the early generations have been lost in subsequent tracing, no information being available. By a little examination or study of the system, it will be found possible to trace the lineage of any person named in the book, through all generations back to Robert (Al). PREFACE For a number of years I mave been collecting data con­ cerning the Wardlaw and allied families. The work was un­ dertaken for my own satisfaction and pleasure, without thought of publication, but others learning of the material in my hands have urged that it be put into book form. I have had access to MSS. of my father and his brothers, Lewis, Frank and Robert, all practically one account, and presumably obtained from their father, James Wardlaw, who in turn doubtless received it from his father, Hugh.
    [Show full text]
  • Drayton Hall: Archaeology at the Privy, 2007
    Drayton Hall: Archaeology at the Privy, 2007 Martha A. Zierden Ronald W. Anthony Archaeological Contributions 40 The Charleston Museum June 2008 Drayton Hall: Archaeology at the Privy, 2007 By Martha A. Zierden And Ronald W. Anthony The Charleston Museum Under the Direction of Carter C. Hudgins Matthew Webster Lynn G. Lewis Drayton Hall, National Trust for Historic Preservation College of Charleston/The Charleston Museum Archaeological Field School 2007 Archaeological Contributions 40 The Charleston Museum June 2008 ii Table of Contents Chapter I: Introduction Exploration of the Privy Building . 2 1980 Exploration of the Privy . 3 Historic Structures Analysis . 5 Plan of Work . 6 Chapter II: Archaeological and Historical Background Site Description . 7 Development of Drayton Hall . 9 Previous Archaeological Research . 14 Chapter III: Fieldwork General Field Methods . 17 Description of Excavated Proveniences. 19 Chapter IV: Analysis of the Materials Laboratory Methods . 35 Analysis . 35 Early 19th Century Proveniences . 37 Late 19th to 20th Century Assemblage . 50 Chapter V: Interpretations Occupational History and Material Culture . 61 Operation of the Privy . 64 Colono Ware . 68 Project Summary . 73 References Cited . 77 iii List of Figures 1. Aerial view of Drayton Hall . 1 2. Views of the privy building . 3 3. Map of 1980 excavations, 2007 excavations . 4 4. Lewis Gibbes sketch of privy . 5 5. U.S.G.S. topographic map, showing Drayton Hall . 7 6. View of Drayton Hall and reflecting pond . 8 7. Charles Drayton’s sketch map . 10 8. Plan of fields and gardens by Charles Drayton . 11 9. Early 20th century view of west lawn . 12 10. Early 20th century view of main house .
    [Show full text]
  • Finance Committee
    AGENDA FINANCE COMMITTEE 5116119 J. Elliott Summey, Chairman Henry E. Darby Jenny Costa Honeycutt Anna B. Johnson Brantley Moody Teddie Pryor A. Victor Rawl Herb Sass Dickie Schweers AGENDA FINANCE COMMITTEE May 16, 2019 5:00 PM 1. MINUTES: Council/Salisbury o May 2, 2019 – Finance Committee - Request to Approve o May 7, 2019 – Special Finance Committee - Request to Approve 2. AERONAUTICAL TRAINING CENTER - Update Dr. Mary Thornley 3. 68 CALHOUN STREET/SUSIE JACKSON FREEDOM MEMORIAL GARDEN - Request to Approve Miller/Przybylowski 4. CTC 2019 RESURFACING PLAN - Award of Contract Miller/Tolbert 5. URBAN GREENBELT PROJECTS - Request to Consider Miller/Ruff 6. RURAL GREENBELT PROJECTS - Request to Consider Miller/Ruff 7. CUMBERLAND ST. PARKING GARAGE LEASE AMENDMENT - Request to Consider Miller/Przybylowski 8. FY20 BUDGET OVERVIEW - Presentation Miller/Gile RETURN TO AGENDA 1. MINUTES CHARLESTON COUNTY COUNCIL MEMORANDUM TO: Members of Finance Committee FROM: Kristen Salisbury, Clerk of Council DATE: May 10, 2019 SUBJECT: Finance Committee Minutes At the Finance Committee meeting of May 16, 2019, the draft minutes of the May 2, 2019 Finance Committee meeting and May 7, 2019 Special Finance Committee meeting will be presented for approval. AERONAUTICAL TRAINING CENTER CHARLESTON COUNTY COUNCIL TO: Members of Finance Committee FROM: Kristen Salisbury, Clerk of Council DATE: May 9, 2019 SUBJECT: SC Aeronautical Training Center At the Finance Committee meeting of May 16, 2019, Trident Technical College President Dr. Mary Thornley will make a presentation to update Council on the SC Aeronautical Training Center. RETURN TO AGENDA 3. 68 CALHOUN STREET/SUSIE JACKSON FREEDOM MEMORIAL GARDEN RETURN TO AGENDA 4.
    [Show full text]
  • The South Carolina Historical and Genealogical Magazine
    THE SOUTH C AROLINA HISTORICAL A ND GENEALOGICAL MAGAZINE PUBLISHED Q UARTERLY BY THE SOUTH C AROLINA HISTORICAL SOCIETY CHARLESTON, S . C. VOLUME X IV.. NO. 1. JANUARY 1913. Entered a t the Post-office at Charleston, S. C, as Second-Class Matter. Printed f or the Sdgiity my WALKER. EVANS * COGSWELL CO TheSouthCarolinahistoricalandgenealogicalmagazine SouthCarolinaHistoricalSociety PUBLICATION C OMMITTEE. Joseph. W Barnwell, Henry A. M. Sm1th, .A. S Salley, Jr. EDITORF O THE MAGAZINE. Mabel. L Webber. CONTENTS. The T atnall and Fenwick Families in South Carolina.— r Register o f St. Andrew's Parish, Berkeley County, S., C 1719-1774 20 South C arolina Loyalists - - 36 Order B ook of John Faucheraud Grimke 44 Historical N otes 58 N.. B — These Magazines, with the exception of No. 1 of Vol. I, are $1.25 to any one other than a member of the South Carolina Historical Society. Members of the So ciety receive them free. The Membership fee is $4.00 per annum (the fiscal year being from January to January), and members can buy back numbers or duplicates at $1.00 each. In addition to receiving the Magazines, members are allowed a discount of 25 per cent, on all other publications of the Society, and have the free use of the Society's library. Any m ember who has not received the last number will p lease notify the Secretary and Treasurer, Miss M abel L. Webber, South C arolina Historical Society, Charleston, S . C. THE SOUTH C AROLINA HISTORICAL A ND GENEALOGICAL MAGAZINE PUBLISHED Q UARTERLY BY THE SOUTH C AROLINA HISTORICAL SOCIETY EDITEDY B MABEL.
    [Show full text]
  • Minié Ball Gazette
    MINIÉ BALL GAZETTE The Official Newsletter of the Lowcountry Civil War Round Table, Inc. FOUNDED 2000 April 2009 VITAL RAILS-the CHARLESTON & SAVANNAH RAILROAD STORY ATTENTION Most of our presentations have focused on Civil War battles, generals and politicians and for April you may have thought that we shifted gears as we discuss the Charleston & Savannah Railroad. Vital Rails, the history of this Next meeting: April 8, 2009 railroad, however, links many of the key battles, generals and politicians, including prominent South Carolinians, that we have come to know over the past several years. It is both the title of H. David Stone’s book as well as the subject Dinner: 5:45 PM of his presentation. The C&S ran through the nearby towns of Hardeeville and Ridgeland where the CSX railroad can Menu & Form on Page 4 now be seen transporting freight and passengers. It was in fact the reason for Gopher Hill’s (now Ridgeland) emergence and Grahamville’s decline. Two prominent Bluffton Boys, William Colcock and Edmund Rhett, were Dinner reservations due Apr 6th directors. Battery Wagner on Morris Island was named after another director, Thomas M. Wagner. The line’s President, Thomas F. Drayton was also a Brigadier General who commanded the Third Military District defending Program: 6:45 PM Port Royal at Ft. Walker. This is the same Drayton whose brother Percival commanded the USS Pocahontas as part of Captain Du Pont ‘s Union squadron in the battle for Port Royal. The idea for Vital Rails began as a search for two Bluffton High School of Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • THE ARCHITECTURAL BOOKS of the DRAYTON LIBRARY CATALOG and the DESIGN of DRAYTON HALL a Project Presented To
    VOLUMES THAT SPEAK: THE ARCHITECTURAL BOOKS OF THE DRAYTON LIBRARY CATALOG AND THE DESIGN OF DRAYTON HALL A Project Presented to the Graduate Schools of Clemson University and the College of Charleston In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Historic Preservation by Patricia Ann Lowe May 2010 Accepted by: Ralph C. Muldrow, Committee Chair Robert Russell, Ph.D Ashley R. Wilson Abstract Drayton Hall, an early eighteenth-century plantation house on the Ashley River in Charleston, South Carolina, is widely considered to be the first Palladian house in the United States. Now owned and operated by the National Trust for Historic Preservation, Drayton Hall is something of a laboratory for the study of archaeology, landscape architecture, material culture, social history, and historic preservation. Though new discoveries are made almost every day at Drayton Hall, the origins of the house’s design remain unknown. In 2009, the Drayton Library Catalog was discovered within the Drayton manuscript collection containing references to seven popular eighteenth-century architectural books. By comparing measured drawings of Drayton Hall to designs found in these seven books, this project examines the origin of the house’s design in the context of published sources that would have been available at the time of its construction. While some of the books discussed have been previously identified as sources of inspiration, this project led to the discovery of a correlation between a pattern book plate and executed design from one of the seven books in the Drayton Library Catalog. The scope of this project was limited to the seven books in the Catalog and the previously identified sources.
    [Show full text]
  • One Northern Brother John M
    Carte de Visite tern CidWar Library & Museum Reprinted from the American Society of Arms Collectors Bulletin 64:2-11 Additional articles available at http://americansocietyofarmscollectors.org/resources/articles/ One Northern Brother John M. (Jack) Cleveland PERCIVAL DRAYTO Captain United States I .,, , Born at Charleston August 26, 1812 Died at Washingto n Augus t ' Chief of Bureau of Navi:€F A Naval officer rorr 3s"n ye'ars Without a superior, above all sect ional fieeling He distinguished himself in the st :mice t3f the Union, iIn command of a Frigate at.- ron . Royal, at Sumter in command of a Monitor at Mobile Bay as Fleet Captain and cornmande r of thc 2 Flag Ship HARTFORD A just MA N, true I'ATRIC )T, and good CHRISTIAN. I So reads the inscription on a massive tablet in outbreak of the war, being of strong Union sympathies, Trinity Church in the heart of New York City's Wall Commander Drayton insisted that his navy register be Street financial district. Of all southerners in the U.S. changed to read "Citizen of Philadelphia". For this, the Navy, Percival Drayton rose to the highest rank, and Legislature of South Carolina officially declared him he was destined for even greater heights had not death "infamous," to which the Union's Drayton retorted, "I cut short his brilliant career at the age of 53. am for crushing the rebellion if we come down to the The Draytons were and are a distinguished original three million (people) of the first revolution in Charleston family, and their great homes, Magnolia doing so, and I am quite willing that I should not be Plantation and Drayton Hall, remain as popular tourist one of the survivors." attractions today.
    [Show full text]