The Function and Phylogenetic Implications of the Tentorium in Adult Neuroptera (Insecta)
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Insecta: Phasmatodea) and Their Phylogeny
insects Article Three Complete Mitochondrial Genomes of Orestes guangxiensis, Peruphasma schultei, and Phryganistria guangxiensis (Insecta: Phasmatodea) and Their Phylogeny Ke-Ke Xu 1, Qing-Ping Chen 1, Sam Pedro Galilee Ayivi 1 , Jia-Yin Guan 1, Kenneth B. Storey 2, Dan-Na Yu 1,3 and Jia-Yong Zhang 1,3,* 1 College of Chemistry and Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China; [email protected] (K.-K.X.); [email protected] (Q.-P.C.); [email protected] (S.P.G.A.); [email protected] (J.-Y.G.); [email protected] (D.-N.Y.) 2 Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada; [email protected] 3 Key Lab of Wildlife Biotechnology, Conservation and Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China * Correspondence: [email protected] or [email protected] Simple Summary: Twenty-seven complete mitochondrial genomes of Phasmatodea have been published in the NCBI. To shed light on the intra-ordinal and inter-ordinal relationships among Phas- matodea, more mitochondrial genomes of stick insects are used to explore mitogenome structures and clarify the disputes regarding the phylogenetic relationships among Phasmatodea. We sequence and annotate the first acquired complete mitochondrial genome from the family Pseudophasmati- dae (Peruphasma schultei), the first reported mitochondrial genome from the genus Phryganistria Citation: Xu, K.-K.; Chen, Q.-P.; Ayivi, of Phasmatidae (P. guangxiensis), and the complete mitochondrial genome of Orestes guangxiensis S.P.G.; Guan, J.-Y.; Storey, K.B.; Yu, belonging to the family Heteropterygidae. We analyze the gene composition and the structure D.-N.; Zhang, J.-Y. -
Die Steppe Lebt
Buchrücken 1200 Stück:Layout 1 04.04.2008 14:39 Seite 1 Die Steppe lebt Felssteppen und Trockenrasen in Niederösterreich Heinz Wiesbauer (Hrsg.) Die Steppe lebt ISBN 3-901542-28-0 Die Steppe lebt Felssteppen und Trockenrasen in Niederösterreich Heinz Wiesbauer (Hrsg.) Mit Beiträgen von Roland Albert, Horst Aspöck, Ulrike Aspöck, Hans-Martin Berg, Peter Buchner, Erhard Christian, Margret Bunzel-Drüke, Manuel Denner, Joachim Drüke, Michael Duda, Rudolf Eis, Karin Enzinger, Ursula Göhlich, Mathias Harzhauser, Johannes Hill, Werner Holzinger, Franz Humer, Rudolf Klepsch, Brigitte Komposch, Christian Komposch, Ernst Lauermann, Erwin Neumeister, Mathias Pacher, Wolfgang Rabitsch, Birgit C. Schlick-Steiner, Luise Schratt-Ehrendorfer, Florian M. Steiner, Otto H. Urban, Henning Vierhaus, Wolfgang Waitzbauer, Heinz Wiesbauer und Herbert Zettel St. Pölten 2008 Die Steppe lebt – Felssteppen und Trockenrasen in Niederösterreich Begleitband zur gleichnamigen Ausstellung in Hainburg an der Donau Bibliografische Information der Deutschen Bibliothek Die Deutsche Bibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet über http://dnb.ddb.de abrufbar. ISBN 3-901542-28-0 Die Erstellung des Buches wurde aus Mitteln von LIFE-Natur gefördert. LIFE-Natur-Projekt „Pannonische Steppen und Trockenrasen“ Gestaltung: Manuel Denner und Heinz Wiesbauer Lektorat: caout:chouc Umschlagbilder: Heinz Wiesbauer Druck: Gugler Druck, Melk Medieninhaber: Amt der NÖ Landesregierung, Abteilung Naturschutz Landhausplatz 1 A-3109 St. Pölten Bestellung: Tel.: +43/(0)2742/9005-15238 oder [email protected] © 2008 Autoren der jeweiligen Beiträge, Bilder: Bildautoren Sämtliche Rechte vorbehalten Inhalt 1. Einleitung 5 2. Eiszeitliche Steppen und Großsäuger 9 2.1 Was ist Eiszeit? 11 2.2 Die Tierwelt der Eiszeit 14 2.3 Der Einfluss von Großherbivoren auf die Naturlandschaft Mitteleuropas 17 3. -
Bluestem Banner in Colour
the Bluestem Banner Fall 2018 Tallgrass Ontario Volume 17, No. 3 Tallgrass Ontario will identify and facilitate the conservation of tallgrass communities by coordinating programs and services to aid individuals, groups and agencies. Tallgrass Ontario thanks: Habitat Stewardship Program, Endangered Species Recovery Fund, Land Stewardship and Habitat Restoration Program, Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry, Environment Canada, & Our members for their generous support. Board of Directors: Steve Rankin Dan Stuart September Tallgrass Prairie Tom Purdy Pat Deacon Go to www.tallgrassontario.org to download the Bluestem Banner in colour. Elizabeth Reimer Inside the Bluestem Banner Jack Chapman Dan Lebedyk Karen Cedar A New Family to Canada Discovered at Ojibway Prairie Complex……….... Page 2 Season Snyder Mike Francis Jennifer Neill ………………………………………… Page 6 Jennifer Balsdon A message from the president Become a TgO Member……….……....……………………………………………… Page 7 Tallgrass Ontario, 1095 Wonderland Rd. S, Box 21034 RPO Wonderland S, London, Ontario N6K 0C7 Phone: 519 674 9980 Email: [email protected] Website: http://www.tallgrassontario.org/ Charitable Registration # 88787 7819 RR0001 Fall 2018 the Bluestem Banner page 2 A New Family to Canada with the Discovery of the Pleasing Lacewing Nallachius americanus (McLachlan) (Neuroptera: Dilaridae) at the Ojibway Prairie Complex in Windsor, Ontario T. J. Preney (1)* and R. J. L. Jones (1) Ojibway Prairie Complex, City of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada, N9C 4E8 email, [email protected] Scientific Note J. ent. Soc. Ont. 148: 39–41 The pleasing lacewings (Neuroptera: Dilaridae) are a poorly studied and rarely collected group with seven species in the New World (Bowles et al. 2015). Nallachius americanus (McLachlan) is the only species in eastern North America and is currently known from 19 states (Bowles et al. -
A New Type of Neuropteran Larva from Burmese Amber
A 100-million-year old slim insectan predator with massive venom-injecting stylets – a new type of neuropteran larva from Burmese amber Joachim T. haug, PaTrick müller & carolin haug Lacewings (Neuroptera) have highly specialised larval stages. These are predators with mouthparts modified into venominjecting stylets. These stylets can take various forms, especially in relation to their body. Especially large stylets are known in larva of the neuropteran ingroups Osmylidae (giant lacewings or lance lacewings) and Sisyridae (spongilla flies). Here the stylets are straight, the bodies are rather slender. In the better known larvae of Myrmeleontidae (ant lions) and their relatives (e.g. owlflies, Ascalaphidae) stylets are curved and bear numerous prominent teeth. Here the stylets can also reach large sizes; the body and especially the head are relatively broad. We here describe a new type of larva from Burmese amber (100 million years old) with very prominent curved stylets, yet body and head are rather slender. Such a combination is unknown in the modern fauna. We provide a comparison with other fossil neuropteran larvae that show some similarities with the new larva. The new larva is unique in processing distinct protrusions on the trunk segments. Also the ratio of the length of the stylets vs. the width of the head is the highest ratio among all neuropteran larvae with curved stylets and reaches values only found in larvae with straight mandibles. We discuss possible phylogenetic systematic interpretations of the new larva and aspects of the diversity of neuropteran larvae in the Cretaceous. • Key words: Neuroptera, Myrmeleontiformia, extreme morphologies, palaeo evodevo, fossilised ontogeny. -
From Chewing to Sucking Via Phylogeny—From Sucking to Chewing Via Ontogeny: Mouthparts of Neuroptera
Chapter 11 From Chewing to Sucking via Phylogeny—From Sucking to Chewing via Ontogeny: Mouthparts of Neuroptera Dominique Zimmermann, Susanne Randolf, and Ulrike Aspöck Abstract The Neuroptera are highly heterogeneous endopterygote insects. While their relatives Megaloptera and Raphidioptera have biting mouthparts also in their larval stage, the larvae of Neuroptera are characterized by conspicuous sucking jaws that are used to imbibe fluids, mostly the haemolymph of prey. They comprise a mandibular and a maxillary part and can be curved or straight, long or short. In the pupal stages, a transformation from the larval sucking to adult biting and chewing mouthparts takes place. The development during metamorphosis indicates that the larval maxillary stylet contains the Anlagen of different parts of the adult maxilla and that the larval mandibular stylet is a lateral outgrowth of the mandible. The mouth- parts of extant adult Neuroptera are of the biting and chewing functional type, whereas from the Mesozoic era forms with siphonate mouthparts are also known. Various food sources are used in larvae and in particular in adult Neuroptera. Morphological adaptations of the mouthparts of adult Neuroptera to the feeding on honeydew, pollen and arthropods are described in several examples. New hypoth- eses on the diet of adult Nevrorthidae and Dilaridae are presented. 11.1 Introduction The order Neuroptera, comprising about 5820 species (Oswald and Machado 2018), constitutes together with its sister group, the order Megaloptera (about 370 species), and their joint sister group Raphidioptera (about 250 species) the superorder Neuropterida. Neuroptera, formerly called Planipennia, are distributed worldwide and comprise 16 families of extremely heterogeneous insects. -
Volume 28, No. 2, Fall 2009
Fall 2009 Vol. 28, No. 2 NEWSLETTER OF THE BIOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA (TERRESTRIAL ARTHROPODS) Table of Contents General Information and Editorial Notes ..................................... (inside front cover) News and Notes News from the Biological Survey of Canada ..........................................................27 Report on the first AGM of the BSC .......................................................................27 Robert E. Roughley (1950-2009) ...........................................................................30 BSC Symposium at the 2009 JAM .........................................................................32 Demise of the NRC Research Press Monograph Series .......................................34 The Evolution of the BSC Newsletter .....................................................................34 The Alan and Anne Morgan Collection moves to Guelph ......................................34 Curation Blitz at Wallis Museum ............................................................................35 International Year of Biological Diversity 2010 ......................................................36 Project Update: Terrestrial Arthropods of Newfoundland and Labrador ..............37 Border Conflicts: How Leafhoppers Can Help Resolve Ecoregional Viewpoints 41 Project Update: Canadian Journal of Arthropod Identification .............................55 Arctic Corner The Birth of the University of Alaska Museum Insect Collection ............................57 Bylot Island and the Northern Biodiversity -
Comparative Study of Sensilla and Other Tegumentary Structures of Myrmeleontidae Larvae (Insecta, Neuroptera)
Received: 30 April 2020 Revised: 17 June 2020 Accepted: 11 July 2020 DOI: 10.1002/jmor.21240 RESEARCH ARTICLE Comparative study of sensilla and other tegumentary structures of Myrmeleontidae larvae (Insecta, Neuroptera) Fernando Acevedo Ramos1,2 | Víctor J. Monserrat1 | Atilano Contreras-Ramos2 | Sergio Pérez-González1 1Departamento de Biodiversidad, Ecología y Evolución, Unidad Docente de Zoología y Abstract Antropología Física, Facultad de Ciencias Antlion larvae have a complex tegumentary sensorial equipment. The sensilla and Biológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain other kinds of larval tegumentary structures have been studied in 29 species of 2Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de 18 genera within family Myrmeleontidae, all of them with certain degree of Biología- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de psammophilous lifestyle. The adaptations for such lifestyle are probably related to México, Mexico City, Mexico the evolutionary success of this lineage within Neuroptera. We identified eight types Correspondence of sensory structures, six types of sensilla (excluding typical long bristles) and two Fernando Acevedo Ramos, Departamento de Biodiversidad, Ecología y Evolución, Unidad other specialized tegumentary structures. Both sensilla and other types of structures Docente de Zoología y Antropología Física, that have been observed using scanning electron microscopy show similar patterns in Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain. terms of occurrence and density in all the studied -
Zootaxa, Two New Species of Dilaridae (Insecta
Zootaxa 2421: 61–68 (2010) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2010 · Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) Two new species of Dilaridae (Insecta: Neuroptera) with additional notes on Brazilian species RENATO JOSÉ PIRES MACHADO & JOSÉ ALBERTINO RAFAEL Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Coordenação de Pesquisas em Entomologia, Caixa Postal 478, 69011–970, Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil. E-mails: [email protected] and [email protected] Abstract Herein we describe two new species of lacewing in the family Dilaridae from northeastern Brazil: Nallachius furcatus, n. sp. and N. potiguar, n. sp. We also describe range expansions for three species: N. adamsi Penny, 1982 from Manaus to the border of the states of Amazonas and Pará; N. dicolor Adams, 1970 from the state of Santa Catarina to the states of Goiás and Minas Gerais; N. limai Adams, 1970 from Santa Catarina to Paraná. An identification key to adults and a checklist of Brazilian species are presented. Key word: Nallachius, pleasing lacewings, taxonomy, key Introduction Dilaridae, the pleasing lacewings, is one of the smallest families in the Neuroptera and comprises 67 described species globally, 18 of which are from the New World (Oswald 1998; Monserrat 2005). Males are easily recognized by their pectinate antennae and females by their long ovipositor (Grimaldi & Engel 2005). Most often collected in light traps (Penny 2002), almost nothing is known of their biology (Oswald 1998), except for the immature stages of Nallachius americanus (McLachlan, 1881) (Gurney, 1947). Two subfamilies are recognized: Dilarinae Newman, 1853 and Nallachiinae Navás, 1914. -
VKM Rapportmal
VKM Report 2016: 36 Assessment of the risks to Norwegian biodiversity from the import and keeping of terrestrial arachnids and insects Opinion of the Panel on Alien Organisms and Trade in Endangered species of the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety Report from the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety (VKM) 2016: Assessment of risks to Norwegian biodiversity from the import and keeping of terrestrial arachnids and insects Opinion of the Panel on Alien Organisms and Trade in Endangered species of the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety 29.06.2016 ISBN: 978-82-8259-226-0 Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety (VKM) Po 4404 Nydalen N – 0403 Oslo Norway Phone: +47 21 62 28 00 Email: [email protected] www.vkm.no www.english.vkm.no Suggested citation: VKM (2016). Assessment of risks to Norwegian biodiversity from the import and keeping of terrestrial arachnids and insects. Scientific Opinion on the Panel on Alien Organisms and Trade in Endangered species of the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety, ISBN: 978-82-8259-226-0, Oslo, Norway VKM Report 2016: 36 Assessment of risks to Norwegian biodiversity from the import and keeping of terrestrial arachnids and insects Authors preparing the draft opinion Anders Nielsen (chair), Merethe Aasmo Finne (VKM staff), Maria Asmyhr (VKM staff), Jan Ove Gjershaug, Lawrence R. Kirkendall, Vigdis Vandvik, Gaute Velle (Authors in alphabetical order after chair of the working group) Assessed and approved The opinion has been assessed and approved by Panel on Alien Organisms and Trade in Endangered Species (CITES). Members of the panel are: Vigdis Vandvik (chair), Hugo de Boer, Jan Ove Gjershaug, Kjetil Hindar, Lawrence R. -
Fossil Calibrations for the Arthropod Tree of Life
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/044859; this version posted June 10, 2016. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY 4.0 International license. FOSSIL CALIBRATIONS FOR THE ARTHROPOD TREE OF LIFE AUTHORS Joanna M. Wolfe1*, Allison C. Daley2,3, David A. Legg3, Gregory D. Edgecombe4 1 Department of Earth, Atmospheric & Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA 2 Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK 3 Oxford University Museum of Natural History, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PZ, UK 4 Department of Earth Sciences, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK *Corresponding author: [email protected] ABSTRACT Fossil age data and molecular sequences are increasingly combined to establish a timescale for the Tree of Life. Arthropods, as the most species-rich and morphologically disparate animal phylum, have received substantial attention, particularly with regard to questions such as the timing of habitat shifts (e.g. terrestrialisation), genome evolution (e.g. gene family duplication and functional evolution), origins of novel characters and behaviours (e.g. wings and flight, venom, silk), biogeography, rate of diversification (e.g. Cambrian explosion, insect coevolution with angiosperms, evolution of crab body plans), and the evolution of arthropod microbiomes. We present herein a series of rigorously vetted calibration fossils for arthropod evolutionary history, taking into account recently published guidelines for best practice in fossil calibration. -
Neuroptera, Insecta)
Arthropod Structure & Development 37 (2008) 410–417 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Arthropod Structure & Development journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/asd Sperm ultrastructure and spermiogenesis of Coniopterygidae (Neuroptera, Insecta) Z.V. Zizzari, P. Lupetti, C. Mencarelli, R. Dallai* Department of Evolutionary Biology, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, I-53100 Siena, Italy article info abstract Article history: The spermiogenesis and the sperm ultrastructure of several species of Coniopterygidae have been ex- Received 16 January 2008 amined. The spermatozoa consist of a three-layered acrosome, an elongated elliptical nucleus, a long Accepted 17 March 2008 flagellum provided with a 9þ9þ3 axoneme and two mitochondrial derivatives. No accessory bodies were observed. The axoneme exhibits accessory microtubules provided with 13, rather than 16, protofilaments in their tubular wall; the intertubular material is reduced and distributed differently from that observed Keywords: in other Neuropterida. Sperm axoneme organization supports the isolated position of the family Insect spermiogenesis previously proposed on the basis of morphological data. Insect sperm ultrastructure 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Electron microscopy Ó Insect phylogeny 1. Introduction appear normal in the larval instars, but progressively degenerate in the pupa so that in the adult only a ventral oval receptacle Neuropterida (Neuroptera sensu lato) comprise the orders filled with spermatozoa and secretion is evident; this single re- Raphidioptera (snakeflies), Megaloptera (alderflies and dobson- ceptacle is considered to be a seminal vesicle. A wide ductus flies) and the extremely heterogeneous Neuroptera (lacewings). ejaculatorius leads from the vesicula seminalis to the penis The first modern approach towards systematization of the Neuro- (Withycombe, 1925; Meinander, 1972). -
Functional Morphology of the Raptorial Forelegs in Mantispa Styriaca (Insecta: Neuroptera)
Zoomorphology https://doi.org/10.1007/s00435-021-00524-6 ORIGINAL PAPER Functional morphology of the raptorial forelegs in Mantispa styriaca (Insecta: Neuroptera) Sebastian Büsse1 · Fabian Bäumler1 · Stanislav N. Gorb1 Received: 14 September 2020 / Revised: 26 March 2021 / Accepted: 30 March 2021 © The Author(s) 2021 Abstract The insect leg is a multifunctional device, varying tremendously in form and function within Insecta: from a common walking leg, to burrowing, swimming or jumping devices, up to spinning apparatuses or tools for prey capturing. Raptorial forelegs, as predatory striking and grasping devices, represent a prominent example for convergent evolution within insects showing strong morphological and behavioural adaptations for a lifestyle as an ambush predator. However, apart from praying mantises (Mantodea)—the most prominent example of this lifestyle—the knowledge on morphology, anatomy, and the functionality of insect raptorial forelegs, in general, is scarce. Here, we show a detailed morphological description of raptorial forelegs of Mantispa styriaca (Neuroptera), including musculature and the material composition in their cuticle; further, we will discuss the mechanism of the predatory strike. We could confrm all 15 muscles previously described for mantis lacewings, regarding extrinsic and intrinsic musculature, expanding it for one important new muscle—M24c. Combining the information from all of our results, we were able to identify a possible catapult mechanism (latch-mediated spring actuation system) as a driving force of the predatory strike, never proposed for mantis lacewings before. Our results lead to a better understand- ing of the biomechanical aspects of the predatory strike in Mantispidae. This study further represents a starting point for a comprehensive biomechanical investigation of the convergently evolved raptorial forelegs in insects.