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3038r_ind_1023-1041 4/11/01 2:14 PM Page 1023 INDEX A Allergic phytodermatitis (APD), 26–28, Abscess, 600, 601f, 602 28f–29f apocrine sweat gland, 14–16, 15f, 17f Allopurinol, drug reaction to, 554 tuberculosis, metastatic, 661–662, 664, 666 ALM (acral lentiginous melanoma), 295–296, Acantholytic dermatosis, transient, 112, 113f 297f Acanthosis nigricans (AN), 82–83, 83f Alopecia classification, 82 nonscarring, 928–940 malignant, 82–83, 493, 493f–494f alopecia areata, 928–930, 929f, 931f ACD. See Allergic contact dermatitis alopecia totalis, 928 ACDRs (adverse cutaneous drug reactions). alopecia universalis, 928, 931f See Drug reactions anagen effluvium, 940, 940f ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) inhib- androgenetic alopecia, 932–936, 933f, itors, reactions to, 556 935f–936f Acetowhitening, 1015 neoplastica, 482 Acne keloidalis, 941, 945f telogen effluvium, 937–939, 938t–939t, Acne rosacea. See Rosacea 939f Acne vulgaris, 2–6, 3f, 5f, 7f scarring, 941, 942f–945f, 942t acne conglobata, 4 α1 antitrypsin-deficiency panniculitis, 146 acne fulminans, 4 Amiodarone-induced pigmentation, 566, 567f recalcitrant acne, 4 Amoxicillin drug reaction, 554 Acneform drug eruptions, 548 Ampicillin drug reaction, 553f, 554 Acral lentiginous melanoma (ALM), 295–296, Amyloidosis, systemic, 334–336, 335f, 337f 297f acquired, 334–336, 335f, 337f Acrochordon, 209f secondary, 334, 336 Acrodermatitis continua of Hallopeau, 69 AN. See Acanthosis nigricans Acrodermatitis enteropathica, 430–431, 432f Anagen effluvium, 940, 940f Acrosclerosis, 375f Anaphylaxis and anaphylactoid reactions, 547, ACTH-induced pigmentation, 568 556, 558 Actinic keratosis, 217, 219, 220f Angioedema and urticaria, 338–344, 339f, Actinic prurigo, 230, 234 341f–343f, 344t, 345f Acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis. See drug reaction, 547, 556–558, 559f Sweet’s syndrome urticaria perstans, 393–394, 394f Acute retroviral syndrome (ARS), 912–915, urticarial vasculitis, 393–394, 394f 915f, 915t Angiokeratoma, 183f AD. See Atopic dermatitis Angioma Addison’s disease, 424, 424f cherry, 181f Adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL), spider, 182f 532–533, 533f–534f Angiomatous nevus (capillary hemangioma of Adverse cutaneous drug reactions (ACDRs). infancy), 173–174, 174f–175f See Drug reactions Angioneurotic edema, 556–558, 559f Albinism, 322–324, 325f–326f Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) in- classification, 322, 323t hibitors, reactions to, 556 iris translucency with, 326f Anogenital warts. See Human papillomavirus, ocular, 322, 323t, 324 sexually transmitted oculocutaneous, 322, 323t, 324, 325f–326f Antibiotics, reaction to, 556 Aleppo sore. See Leishmaniasis Antimalarial-induced pigmentation, 567 Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD), 26–28, 28f–29f Anus. See Genitalia, perineum, and anus, dis- anogenital, 995, 995f orders of Allergic cutaneous vasculitis, 381–384, APD (allergic phytodermatitis), 26–28, 382f–383f 28f–29f INDEX 1023 3038r_ind_1023-1041 4/11/01 2:14 PM Page 1024 Aphthous ulcer, 976–977, 977f pyodermas, 586–603 Apocrine sweat gland abscess, 14–16, 15f, 17f abscess, furuncle, and carbuncle, Apocrinitis, 14–16, 15f, 17f 600–602, 601f, 603f ARS (acute retroviral syndrome), 912–915, impetigo and ecthyma, 586–590, 915f, 915t 587f–589f, 591f Arterial insufficiency, 452–457 infectious folliculitis. See Infectious folli- Arterial spider, 182f culitis Arthralgia-myalgia syndrome, 377 pathogenesis, 586 Arthropod bites, 820–825, 822f–825f sepsis and septic shock, 636–640, 639f, Asteatotic dermatitis, 49, 49f 641f Atheroembolization, 452–457, 455f–456f epidemiology, 636 Atherosclerosis, 452–457, 453f–454f management, 640 Atherosclerosis obliterans (ASO), 453f–455f physical examination, 637–638 Athlete’s foot, 688–690, 689f, 691f–692f soft tissue infections (STIs), 604–619 ATLL (adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma), cellulitis. See Cellulitis 532–533, 533f–534f ecthyma gangrenosum, 604 Atopic dermatitis (AD), 30–35, 31f–33f, 35f erysipelas. See Erysipelas anogenital, 996 etiology, 605t–606t epidemiology, 30 lymphangitis, 604, 618, 619f lichenification, 31, 31f, 35f necrotizing soft tissue infection (NSTI), management, 34–35 604 Atopic eczema, 30–35, 31f–33f, 35f superficial cutaneous infections, 580–585 Atrophoderma of Pasini and Pierini, 126f erythrasma, 580–582, 581f Auspitz’s sign, 1016 intertrigo, 584, 584f–585f Autoimmune diseases, skin signs of. See Im- pitted keratolysis, 582–583, 583f mune, autoimmune, and rheumatic dis- therapy (antimicrobial agents), 682t–683t eases, skin signs of Baghdad boil (button). See Leishmaniasis Autosensitization dermatitis, 44, 44f Bairnsdale ulcer, 668–669, 669f Balanoposthitis, 718, 719f B Baldness. See Alopecia Bacillary angiomatosis, 646–648, 647f Barbiturates, drug reactions to, 554 Bacterial infections involving the skin, Bartonella infections, 642–648 580–683 bacillary angiomatosis, 646–648, 647f gram-negative infections, 642–653 cat-scratch disease/fever, 643–644, 645f bacillary angiomatosis, 646–648, 647f overview, 642, 642t Bartonella infection overview, 642, 642t Basal cell carcinoma (BCC), 261–265, cat-scratch disease/fever, 643–644, 645f 261f–265f Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections, Basal cell nevus syndrome, 266–268, 652–653 267f–268f tularemia, 649–650, 651f Bazin’s disease, 395, 396f gram-positive infections associated with BCC (basal cell carcinoma), 261–265, toxin production, 620–629 261f–265f scarlet fever, 626–628, 627f, 629f Beau’s lines, 968, 972f staphylococcal scalded-skin syndrome Becker’s nevus, 198f (SSSS), 620–622, 621f, 623f Bed sore, 474–477, 475f–476f toxic shock syndrome, 624–626, 625f Bedbugs, 821, 823f infective endocarditis. See Infective endo- Behçet’s syndrome/disease, 346–348, carditis 347f–348f Lyme borreliosis. See Lyme borreliosis Benign neoplasms and hyperplasias, 160–209 mycobacterial infections, 654–671 Becker’s nevus, 198f cutaneous nontuberculous infections, dermatofibroma, 204, 205f 666–671 digital myxoid cyst, 191f cutaneous tuberculosis, 661–666, disorders of blood vessels. See Blood vessel 663f–665f disorders epidemiology, 654 disorders of melanocytes. See Melanocytes, leprosy. See Leprosy disorders of 1024 INDEX 3038r_ind_1023-1041 4/13/01 11:32 AM Page 1025 epidermal inclusion cyst, 190f diabetic, 412, 412f epidermal nevus, 202f Bullous diseases, 84–105 epidermoid cyst, 188f with oral manifestations, 980–982, hypertrophic scars and keloids, 206–207, 980f–982f 207f–208f Bullous drug eruptions, 548 keratoacanthoma (KA), 196, 197f Bullous impetigo, 588, 589f lipoma, 203f Bullous pemphigoid, 98–100, 99f–100f milium, 190f Buruli ulcer, 668–669, 669f nevus sebaceous, 201f Busulfan-induced pigmentation, 568 sebaceous hyperplasia, 200f seborrheic keratosis, 192–193, 193f–195f C skin tag, 209f Calcification, widespread systemic, 417–418, syringoma, 199f 418f trichilemmal cyst, 189f Calciphylaxis, 417–418, 418f trichoepithelioma, 199f Calcium channel blockers, reaction to, 556 Benzodiazepines, drug reactions to, 554 Campbell de Morgan spots, 181f Berloque dermatitis, 221, 222f Cancers Birthmarks, classification of, 173 epidermal. See Epidermal precancers and Bites, insect. See Insect bites and infestations cancers Black dot tinea capitis variant, 700–702, nonmelanoma, variation in HIV disease, 702f–703f 924 Black flies, 821 systemic, skin signs of, 478–495 Blennorrhagia, 885–886, 886f acanthosis nigricans, malignant, 82–83, Blennorrhea, 885–886, 886f 493, 493f–494f Bleomycin-induced pigmentation, 568 Cowden’s syndrome (multiple hamar- Blepharophyma, 8 toma syndrome), 488, 489f Blister beetles, 821 glucagonoma syndrome, 490, 491f Blood vessel disorders, 173–187 metastatic cancer to the skin, 479–483, angiokeratoma, 183f 480f–481f, 483f capillary hemangioma of infancy (CHI), patterns of cutaneous involvement, 173–174, 174f–175f 479–480, 482 capillary/venous/lymphatic (CVL) malfor- Paget’s disease, 484–487, 485f, 487f mations, 179, 180f paraneoplastic pemphigus (PNP), 495, cherry angioma, 181f 495f glomus tumor, 186f Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS), 492, 492f lymphatic malformation (lymphangioma), Candida leukoplakia, 714–716, 715f, 717f 187f Candidiasis, 708–721 port-wine stain, 176, 177f–178f chronic mucocutaneous, 720, 721f pyogenic granuloma, 184, 185f classification, 709 spider angioma, 182f cutaneous, 710–713, 710f–713f vascular birthmark classification, 173 epidemiology, 708 venous lake, 180f genital, 718–720, 719f Blue neuronevus, 166, 167f management, 709 Blue nevus, 166, 167f mucosal, variation in HIV disease, 924 Blue rubber bleb nevus, 179 oropharyngeal, 714–716, 715f, 717f Botfly, 822, 824f Candidosis. See Candidiasis Bouton d’Orient. See Leishmaniasis Canker sore, 976–977, 977f Bowenoid papulosis, 869 Capillary hemangioma of infancy (CHI), Bowen’s disease, 255, 256f 173–174, 174f–175f Brazilian pemphigus, 96 Capillary/venous/lymphatic (CVL) malforma- Breast cancer, 480, 481f tions, 179, 180f Brocq, pseudopelade of, 941, 942f–943f Carbamazepine drug reaction, 554 Brunsting-Perry pemphigoid, 101 Carbuncle, 600, 602, 603f Buccal and gingival mucosa, disorders of, Carcinoma telangiectaticum, 479 976–979, 977f–978f Carotene-induced pigmentation, 568 Bullae, 1011–1012 Cat-scratch disease/fever, 643–644, 645f INDEX 1025 3038r_ind_1023-1041 4/11/01 2:14 PM Page 1026 Caterpillars, 821 Contact dermatitis, 18–23, 19f, 21f, 22t, 23f, Cave disease, 737–738, 739f 23t Cavernous hemangioma, 173, 179, 180f allergic contact dermatitis, 18–20, 21f, 22, CDLE (classic chronic discoid lupus erythe- 22t–23t, 23f, 26–28, 28f–29f matosus), 369–370, 371f common contact allergens, 23t Cellulitis, 604, 606–613, 609f, 611f,
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    A Clinico-Pathological Investigation of Rosacea with Particular Regard to Systemic Diseases Dr. Mustafa Hassan Marai Submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Medicine The University of Leeds School of Medicine May 2015 “I can confirm that the work submitted is my own and that appropriate credit has been given where reference has been made to the work of others” “This copy has been supplied on the understanding that it is copyright material and that no quotation from the thesis may be published without proper acknowledgement” May 2015 The University of Leeds Dr. Mustafa Hassan Marai “The right of Dr Mustafa Hassan Marai to be identified as Author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988” Acknowledgement Firstly, I would like to thank all the patients who participate in my rosacea study, giving their time and providing me with all of the important information about their disease. This is helped me to collect all of my study data which resulted in my important outcome of my study. Secondly, I would like to thank my supervisor Dr Mark Goodfield, consultant Dermatologist, for his continuous support and help through out my research study. His flexibility, understanding and his quick response to my enquiries always helped me to relive my stress and give me more strength to solve the difficulties during my research. Also, I would like to thank Dr Elizabeth Hensor, Data Analyst at Leeds Institute of Molecular Medicine, Section of Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds for her understanding the purpose of my study and her help in analysing my study data.
  • Folliculitis

    Folliculitis

    Folliculitis Common Cutaneous • Inflammation of hair follicle(s) Bacterial Infections • Symptoms: Often pruritic (itchy) Pseudomonas folliculitis Eosinophilic Folliculitis (HIV) Folliculitis: Causes • Bacteria: – Gram positives (Staph): most common – Gram negatives: Pseudomonas – “hot tub” folliculitis • Fungal: Pityrosporum aka Malassezia • HIV: eosinophilic folliculitis (not bacterial) • Renal Failure: perforating folliculitis (not bacterial) Treatment of Folliculitis 21 year old female with controlled Crohn’s disease and history of • Bacterial hidradenitis suppuritiva presents stating – culture pustule she has recurrent flares of her HS – topical clindamycin or oral cephalexin / doxycycline – shower and change shirt after exercise – keep skin dry; loose clothing • Fungal: topical antifungals (e.g., ketoconazole) • Eosinophilic folliculitis – Phototherapy – Treat the HIV MRSA MRSA Eradication • Swab nares mupirocin ointment bid x 5 days • GI noted Crohn’s was controlled but increased – Swab axillae, perineum, pharynx infliximab intensity, but that was not controlling • Chlorhexidine 4% bodywash qd x 1 week recurrent “flares” • Chlorhexidine mouthwash qd x 1 week; soak toothbrush (or disposable) •I & D MRSA on three occasions • Bleach bath: 1/3 cup to tub, soak x 10 min tiw x 1 week, then prn (perhaps weekly) • THIS WAS INFLIXIMAB-RELATED • Oral antibiotics x 14 days: Bactrim, Doxycycline, depends FURUNCULOSIS FROM MRSA COLONIZATION on sensitivities – D/C infliximab • Swab partners – Anti-MRSA regimen • Hand sanitizer frequently – Patient is better • Bleach wipes to surfaces (doorknobs, faucet handles) • Towels use once then wash; paper towels when possible Pointing abscess (furuncle) --pointing requires I & D-- Acute Paronychia Furuncle Treatment Impetigo • Incise & Drain (I & D) Culture pus • Warm soaks • Antibiotics – e.g., cephalexin orally AND mupirocin topically • If recurrent, suspect nasal carriage of Staph aureus swab culture and mupirocin to nares b.i.d.
  • A Dissertation on CLINICO EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY of FACIAL DERMATOSES AMONG ADULTS

    A Dissertation on CLINICO EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY of FACIAL DERMATOSES AMONG ADULTS

    A Dissertation on CLINICO EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY OF FACIAL DERMATOSES AMONG ADULTS Dissertation submitted to THE TAMILNADU DR.M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY CHENNAI-600032 With partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of M.D.DEGREE IN DERMATOLOGY, VENEREOLOGY AND LEPROLOGY (BRANCH - XX) REG. No. 201730201 COIMBATORE MEDICAL COLLEGE AND HOSPITAL COIMBATORE MAY 2020 DECLARATION I Dr . MANIVANNAN . M solemnly declare that the dissertation entitled “CLINICO EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY OF FACIAL DERMATOSES AMONG ADULTS ” is a bonafide work done by me at Coimbatore Medical College Hospital during the year June 2018 to May 2019 under the guidance & supervision of Dr. M. KARUNAKARAN M.D., (DERM) Professor& Head of Department, Department of Dermatology, Coimbatore Medical College & Hospital. The dissertation is submitted to Dr. MGR Medical University towards partial fulfillment of requirement for the award of MD degree branch XX Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology. PLACE: Dr. MANIVANNAN .M DATE: CERTIFICATE This is to certify that the dissertation entitled “CLINICO EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY OF FACIAL DERMATOSES AMONG ADULTS” is a bonafide original work done by Dr. MANIVANNAN.M. Post graduate student in the Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, Coimbatore Medical College Hospital, Coimbatore under the guidance of Dr. M. KARUNAKARAN M.D., (DERM), Professor and HOD of Department, Department of Dermatology, Coimbatore Medical College Hospital, Coimbatore in partial fulfillment of the regulations for the Tamilnadu DR.M.G.R Medical University, Chennai towards the award of MD., degree (Branch XX.) in Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology. Date : GUIDE Dr. M. KARUNAKARAN M.D., (DERM) Professor & HOD, Department of Dermatology, Coimbatore Medical College & Hospital. Date : Dr.