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4 Mi. W. Gallatin-US Hivva; Surnner County, Tennessee. HABS-TENN-30

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4 Mi. W. Gallatin-US Hivva; Surnner County, Tennessee. HABS-TENN-30 "FAIfiVI-Ftf" HABS-TENN-30 L4 (Home of Isaac Franklin) 'r.N M 4 mi. W. Gallatin-U.S. Hivva; 6i' "£ Surnner County, Tennessee. Al\v-' PHOTOGRAPHS WRITTEN HISTORICAL AND DESCRIPTIVE DATA District of Tennessee Historic American Buildings Survey J,Frazer Smith, District Officer W.Jeter Bason, Deputy District Officer 404 Goodwyn Institute Building Memphis, Tennessee. 1'VMN. HABS-TENN-#80 ,-, ^..v Page //I "FAIKVIE:;" Home of Isaac FranklIn-4 mi. West of Gallatin U. S. Highway 31-E, Sumner County, Tennessee. Owner■ James A. W#m#ss and brother, Gallatin, Term. Date of Erection. About 1832. Architect, Unknown, if any* Builder. Isaac -franklin. Present Condition^ While we must consider "Fairview" as a single building and although it is composed of two entirely different sections, we must consider that the two were built approximately the same time, though we know that they were not, and must, therefore, consider the house as one building. The two distinct parts of the house are so joined as to make them each dependent on. the other. There must have been major structural changes in the house on the side to which the addition was put, but inasmuch as it appears that the addition was put on in 1859, or eight years after the original section was built and has been, of cour.se, a part of it ever since the changes made at the time of the addition, will not be called a departure from the original structure. It is physically sound and would require very little structural repairs to put the house in its original condition. It would, however, be necessary to make a great deal of repairs to the interior woodwork, trim and fire-places to restore it as built. "Fairview" has never been for any long eriod of time out of the hands of intelligent care. t has never been changed to include plumbing and mechanical conveniences. The estate as a whole has not been maintained, as regards all of the original out-buildings, etc., as many of them have disappeared, some have collapsed, the most notable of which is the marble and granite mausoleum. It has fallen in ruin in such a manner as to indicate some abnormal condi- tion such as lightning or explosion, ft does not seem to have collapsed due to being stripped for Its building materials, and the part that remains indicates a building of tremenduous strength. There is very little ornament on the stones remaining but that which HABS-TEM-#80 Page #2 is there is of Egyptian detail. The estate orig- inally included flower gardens, greenhouses, stables for breeding fine horses, a race track, granary, slave houses, the mausoleum, smoke houses and other less important structures, few of which remain. Number of Stories. The mansion itself is composed of two stories with attic over the original section. The accompanying floor plan clearly shows the divi- sion between the original =:nd the added sections inasmuch as the original section was the typical center hall plan with rooms on either side. The narrow more complicated section to the right com- prises the later addition. Materials of Construction. Foundations are brick and all major partitions solid brick, fire-places and chimneys are brick, mantels in front of the fire-places are wood and marble. The roof of the house appears to be original and we have information that the roof of certain of the out-buildings was of sheet tin, not galvanized, and the import duty at the tiir.e of purchase of this tin on certain of the out-buildings 'was $1600.00, so we are assuming the roof of the house was of the same material. Floors are hand hewn joists covered with random width floor- ing. Other Existing Records. The house and its history are covered in "The History of Homes and Gardens of Tennessee" published hy the Parthenon Press - 19E6 - for the Garden Study Club of Nashville. Its grandeur and a great deal of its historic facts can be found in the Supreme Court's Opinion in the State of Louisiana in the case of Acklen versus JtJ'ranklin, June 186&. A great deal of the history of Franklin is also included in a booklet published by the ^ashville- Oallatin Interurban Railway Company (not in existence now) entitled "The Historic Blue Grass Line". It is of singular note that we have been unable to find in any of the composiums of genealogy or biographical histories in any of the libraries in Memphis any ac- count of Isaac B'ranklin, however, the information that we have has been compiled mostly from personal records, stories and the before mentioned publication by the Nashvllle-Gallatin Railway Company. We do not quite understand why Isaac Franklin was not included in certain of the biographical genealogies for he was one of the largest land holders of all time in the South and at his death his widow was reputed to have been the wealthiest woman in America. HABS-TEM-#80 Page jjh Additional Data. On turning off the main road into the approach to "Fairview" one is introduced to the grandeur of this magnificant estate by an inspiring avenue of walnut trees, and following this for a pout one half mile to the mansion he passes the family mausoleum, the granary and many lesser important buildings. Terminating this avenue is a grand vista of the mansion house composing itself beautifully on a slightly higher bit of ground, and giving it a commanding view of thousands of acres in all di- rections. It is this imposing position of the house that prompted the appropriate name "Fairview" ♦■ Standing back in order to take in the gigantic facade, made up of two distinct sections, as before mentioned in this survey, one is impressed by the graceful sil- houette brought about by combining two entirely dif- ferent, but masterfully joined, types of architecture. The original, or main section, is typical of that dignified form so prevalent in middle Tennessee farm houses. The entrance feature conventionally follows its contemporaries in that it forms a white panel extending from ground to roof in the center of the house made up of first and second floor porches be- tween two sets of simple white columns and termin- ating in a delicate pediment. Its whiteness is ex- aggerated, especially in the late afternoon,when the setting sun illuminates the columns, pediment and ballustrade bringing them out in sharp contrast with the soft salmon and red brick of the walls. To the right of the main section is the before mentioned addition consisting of a long wing, stepping down in height as it descends in social importance and as it follows the slope of the ground away from the center feature and thus creating this most delightful sil- houette. This wing to the right joins and composes with the original section with such striking harmony that the radical change in architectural detail is at first overlooked, however, it is gradually percepti- ble that this whole wing is done in a definitely Spanish charact- r as existed in the FELIC1ANAS OF LOUISIANA. On entering the house one is greeted by a large center hall extending through the house and terminating by another entrance feature exactly duplicating the one through which he h&s just passed, and opening out onto # another porch — the treatment of the two story front porch being likewise recalled at the rear. The featur< HABS~TEN'tf-#30 Page #4 of the center hall is the sweeping stairway separating the front and rear entrances in such a manner as to form a front and rear entrance foyer. To the left of the hall are the two parlors characterized by large sliding doors separating them, high ceilings and marble mantels* To the right of the hall are the music and dining rooms separated by a secondary stair hall connect- ing the main section with the ,ving which contains the guestsT rooms, vault, kitchens o.nd finally the smoke house. Access to the rooms of the wing on both the second and first floors is by two long passages on either side of the v>"ing and constitute on both sides of the house loggias with arch open- ings in v/hich are located carved wood ballusters of Spanish design. The lower floor of the wing is given over to storage space, two large kitchens facilitating entertaining on a large scale, and to the end the smoke house. The second floor is devoted to guests' rooms and storage, ^he attic over the original section is plastered and was used when necessary during enter- tainment on a large scale. It is interesting to note that on the walls of the attic there remain the names in candle smoke of many Federal Army Soldiers, traced there at the time of their occupancy of the house at some time during the war. After passing through the house one views the re- mains of the gardens, out-buildings, race track, barns, etc., that comprise the building group, and immediately finds one's self reconstructing the scene of teeming activity, ranging from slaves cultivating the ex- pansive gardens through the vital work of raising crops to the lavish industry of breeding and racing fine horses• -X- -X- ■# -X- -Yc ■# Isaac Franklin, the builder, was the son of James -t'ranklin, a man neither rich nor poor. He was born on Station Camp Creek, May 26th, 1789, being the son of one of middle Tennesseefs early pioneers, he was endowed with the spirit of conquest and development and at an early age began his long march toward mun- dane accomplishments which eventually made possible his great philanthropies.
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