OCTOBER 29, 1976 25 CENTS VOLUME 40/NUMBER 41

A SOCIALIST NEWSWEEKLY/PUBLISHED IN THE INTERESTS OF THE WORKING PEOPLE YOU SHOULD

A Militant editorial When you pull the lever November 2, pull it for the Socialist Workers party! The Camejo and Reid campaign cham­ pions the struggles of the workers: • for full employment at adequate wages, to be provided for by ending military spending and inaugurating a massive federal jobs program; • for equal rights and opportunities for Blacks, Chicanos, Puerto Ricans, Native Americans, and all other oppressed nation­ alities; • for women's rights, for the right of abortion, for the Equal Rights Amend­ ment; • for an end to the cutbacks; for decent Continued on page 13 PETER CAMEJO WILLIE MAE REID

ALSO: Interview with Gary Tyler , -PAGE 3 What's going on in China? -PAGE 7 Free the 5 P.R. Nationalists -PAGE 29 In Brief THIS 'LA MIGRA' HARASSMENT: Undocumented workers in antibusing amendment to the Constitution, CLUW reaf­ WEEK'S Utah and Idaho. have been the victims of. stepped-up firmed its "full support of quality education and school deportation raids by the U.S. Immigration and Naturaliza­ desegregation" and support for "the use of school busing MILITANT tion Service (la migra). Militant correspondent Luis Fuentes where necessary to achieve this goal." 4 NOW board sets of Salt Lake City reports that August raids in Idaho Jan. 13 ERA protest resulted in the deportation of dozens of workers. One N.Y. RALLY TO DEFEND AIM LEADER: A demon­ mexicano was shot in the back and killed during a raid. stration will take place Saturday, October 30, in New York 5 Working for peanuts Fuentes reported that in Utah, 54 workers were deported to support Leonard Peltier's request for political asylum in in Plains during the last week of September and at least 106 during Canada. the second week of October. 6 Sadlowski activist The protest will be held in front of the Canadian George Fasbender, officer in charge of la migra's Salt consulate at 1251 Sixth Avenue (corner of Fiftieth Street) at reinstated in Houston Lake City office, said the raids were necessary because his 2:00 p.m. 7 Factional purge splits area "is crawling with aliens." Peltier is a leader of the American Indian Movement. The Mao's successors Fasbender advised growers-who complained that the U.S. government wants to try him on charges of killing two raids came at the peak tomato harvest time-to hire "alien" FBI agents in June 1975 on the Pine Ridge Indian 8 Canada: one million employees legally by obtaining a certificate for them at the Reservation in South Dakota. Two other AIM activists have strike against controls immigration office. But growers don't like this option already been acquitted of the charges. 14 Some local because then they must meet housing standards set by local SWP candidates and state health officials. ROSENBERG SONS CHALLENGE JUDGE: Michael and Robert Meeropol, sons of Julius and Ethel Rosenberg, 18 How to vote have filed a motion asking that Judge Irving Kaufman and on Nov. 2 the entire Second Circuit Court. of Appeals disqualify Panama exile to tour themselves from hearing an appeal of a new case involving 19 Campaign puts SWP on The United States Committee for Justice to Latin ballot in 28 states the infamous spy frame-up. American Political Prisoners (USLA) has announced a U.S. Kaufman was the judge who presided over the Rosen­ 20 Raza Unida runs tour by Dr. Miguel Antonio Bernal, a prominent opponent of bergs' trial and sentenced them to death in 1951. in four states the Panamanian dictatorship. The Meeropols seek to bar him from influencing the Bernal was exiled by Gen. Omar Torrijos last February outcome of a copyright, privacy, and defamation case they 21 Blacks and without charges or trial. He was ousted because of his have brought against Louis Nizer for his book on the the elections outspoken criticism of the Torrijos regime's intention to Rosenberg case, The Implosion Conspiracy. allow the United States to retain control of the Panama Meeropol attorney Marshall Perlin says that documents 22 The left and Canal Zone until the year 2000. the elections released under the Freedom of Information Act show that Bernal is tentatively scheduled to tour November 1-19. His Kaufman has been "obsessed with protecting his conduct in 23 NYC cutbacks: schedule includes stops in San Francisco, Berkeley, San the trial, the guilt of the defendants, his sentences, and their 'Worst still ahead' Jose, Los Angeles, Houston, Washington, D.C., and New execution." York. 24 Labor and The topic of Bernal's talk is "Repression in Panama­ HIROSHIMA REENACTMENT DRAWS APOLOGY: the elections Behind the Canal Zone Dispute." For further information, On October 14 the U.S. government formally apologized to contact USLA at: 853 Broadway, Room 414, New York, New 29 Free the five the government of Japan for the "bad taste" exhibited in a York 10003. Telephone: (212) 254-6062. P.R. Nationalists! Texas air show that featured a reenactment of the atomic bombing of Hiroshima complete with a simulated mush­ 2 In Brief room cloud and the original pilot of the B-29 bomber. ARAB-AMERICANS MEET: About 1,000 people attended More than 150,000 people were killed or wounded by the 10 In Our Opinion the ninth annual convention of the Association of Arab­ August 6, 1945, bombing of Hiroshima. Thousands still Letters American University Graduates (AAUG) October 1-3 in suffer from the effects of radioactivity unleashed by this first use of nuclear weapons against human beings. 12 The Great Society New York. Among the guest speakers were Shafiq al-Hout, spokes­ The apology came after the Japanese government, the Women in Revolt Hiroshima chapter of the Japan Council Against Atomic La Lucha Puertorriquefia person for the Palestine Liberation Organization; Tawfiq Zayyad, mayor of Nazareth; and Felicia Langer, Israeli and Hydrogen Bombs, and the Hiroshima Prefecture's defense attorney for many Palestinian political prisoners. Council of Atomic Bomb Victims all protested. Mayor WORLD OUTLOOK Takeshi Araki of Hiroshima called the display "a blas­ 25 600,000 join Basque Both Langer and Zayyad are members of Rakah, the Israeli Communist party. phemy against the many people still suffering from the general strike Literature displays included a sizable array of AAUG aftereffects of the blast." -Peter Seidman 26 Social Democrats duck books and pamphlets as well as tables set up by defenders democratic rights issue of Iranian political prisoners and the imprisoned Crimean Tatar nationalist Mustafa Dzhemilev. A message from the 27 Kings, presidents, Camejo-Reid 1976 Socialist Workers party presidential dictators mourn Mao ticket was distributed, and twenty-five Militant subscrip­ 28 Billions in U.S. arms tions were purchased by those at the convention. pour into Iran A list of AAUG publications is available by writing: Post Office Box 7391, North End Station, Detroit, Michigan 48202. THE MILITANT BOOKS AVAILABLE • : Revoluci6n y contrarevolu­ ci6n en Espana by Felix Morrow, the Trotskyist classic on VOLUME 40/NUMBER 41 the Spanish Civil War, long out of print in Spanish, has just OCTOBER 29, 1976 become available from Editorial Pluma, a Bogota, CLOSING NEWS DATE-OCT. 20 Colombia-based publishing house. Editorial Pluma has also Editor: MARY-ALICE WATERS just released Leon Trotsky: Escritos, 1939-40 in two Managing Editor: NELSON BLACKSTOCK volumes. Plans are under way to publish all the volumes in Business Manager: HARVEY McARTHUR this English-language Pathfinder Press series in Spanish. Southwest Bureau: HARRY RING Washington Bureau: NANCY COLE The Spanish-language books may be ordered from 9,666 Pathfinder Press, 410 West Street, New York, New York Published weekly by The Militant Publishing Ass'n., 10014. The Morrow book sells for $2.95 and the Trosky 14 Charles. Lane. New York. N.Y. 10014. Telephone: writings for $5.00 per two-volume set. Editorial Office (212) 243-6392; Business Office (212) 929-3486. Southwest Bureau: 1237 S. Atlantic SUBSCRIBE TODAY Blvd .. Los Angeles. Calif. 90022. Telephone: (213) ... AND NOT AVAILABLE: An October 17 New York 269-1456. Washington Bureau: 2416 18th St. NW, Times dispatch from Rhodesia reports that vigorous Washington, D.C. 20009. Telephone: (202) 265- censorship is part of the white minority regime's efforts to 10 weeks lor 81 6865. Correspondence concerning subscriptions or stem the advance of revolutionary ideas. A sixty-two-page changes of address should be addressed to The "Catalogue of Banned Books, Periodicals, Records Etc." Militant Business Office, 14 Charles Lane, New lists "not only most books published on Rhodesia's and York, N.Y. 10014. South Africa's race problems and politics but also most Second-class postage paid at New York. N.Y. 0 $1 for ten weeks Subscriptions: U.S., $7.50 a year; outside U.S .. writings of African leaders and the literature of American 0 $7.50 for one year $13.00. By first-class mail: U.S .. Canada. and Mexico. blacks." The catalog bans among many others the works of Name ______$35.00. Write for surface and airmail rates to all other Ernesto "Che" Guevara and Frantz Fanon, the prison countries. memoirs of a Soviet dissident,· and the writings of Leon Address ______For subscriptions airmailed from New York and then posted from London directly to Britain, Trotsky. City ______Ireland, and Continental Europe: £1.50 for eight State'------Lip______issues, £3.50 for six months, £6.50 for one year. CLUW REAFFIRMS SUPPORT TO BUSING: The Send bari'ker's draft or international postal order Where (payable to Pathfinder Press) to Pathfinder Press, National Executive Board of the Coalition of Labor Union Make checks payable to 'The Militant,' 14 47 The Cut. London. SE1 BLL. England. Inquire for Women met October 8-10. Noting current attacks on school Charles Lane, New York, N.Y. 10014 we are air rates from London at the same address. desegregation, including efforts to mobilize support for an Signed articles .by contributors do not necessarily represent the Mtlitant's views. These are expressed in editorials.

2 629 new readers from Camejo TV show Best week yet for 'Militant' subscription drive By Harvey McArthur our candidates. We're all excited by the At least 629 people who watched response. Peter Camejo on the NBC "Tomorrow" "Issues like the economy and South Subscription scoreboard show October 15 found out the best Africa are important to people here in way to keep up with the Socialist the Hilltop Black community. Sent Miami 50 21 42.0 Workers party campaign. They wrote New branches in Louisville, Toledo, Goal in % Seattle 475 196 41.3 Kent, Ohio 30 34 113.3 Denver in to subscribe to the Militant. Kansas City, Dallas, and Cincinnati 600 246 41.0 Louisville 150 114 76.0 Phoenix 50 20 40.0 And letters are still pouring in. are also well ahead of schedule. Portland, Ore. 350 264 75.4 Edinboro, Pa. 30 12 40.0 With the subscription drive half But you don't have to be new in town Champaign, Ill. 25 17 68.0 Boulder, Colo. 20 8 40.0 over, Camejo's appearance helped to sell Militant subscriptions. Social­ Toledo 100 68 68.0 Milwaukee 650 256 39.4 bring in more than 2,500 new subscrip· ists in Portland, Oregon, Baltimore, Kansas City, Mo. 125 84 67.2 Cleveland 450 168 37.3 tions this week-the highest for any Newark, Philadelphia, Washington, Richmond, Va. 125 80 64.0 Chicago 900 334 37.1 week yet. The total now stands at D.C., and Houston have all sold at Newark 400 252 63.0 Detroit 800 297 37.1 9,666-48.3 percent of our goal of least 50 percent of their goals. Dallas 150 94 62.7 State College, Pa. 30 11 36.7 20,000. This is just 1. 7 percent behind Ithaca, N.Y. 50 31 62.0 St. Paul 175 64 36.6 Chicago socialists sold more than Baltimore 300 183 61.0 San Antonio 175 64 36.6 where we should be to remain on 100 subscriptions this week. New York schedule. Tacoma, Wash. 100 61 61.0 New Orleans 225 76 33.8 had a special weekend mobilization Cincinnati 150 90 60.0 But Peter Camejo isn't the only one Salt Lake City 50 15 30.0 that helped them win more than 200 Buffalo, N.Y. 25 14 56.0 San Francisco 800 226 28.3 selling subscriptions these days. So­ new readers for the Militant. Oakland, Calif. 350 196 56.0 Albany, N.Y. 40 6 15.0 cialist Workers campaign supporters Washington, D.C., Area 700 388 55.4 Arlington, Tex. 30 3 10.0 across the country a:re giving a big YSA chapters in Houston, Minnea­ Bloomington, Ind. 50 27 54.0 Knoxville, Tenn. 10 1 10.0 boost to the drive. polis, Boston, Philadelphia, and Madi­ Philadelphia 650 347 53.4 Ann Arbor, Mich. 50 0 0.0 At the top of the scoreboard are the son, Wisconsin, have each sold more Madison, Wis. 100 51 51.0 Columbus, Ohio 25 0 0.0 Young Socialist Alliance members at than 50 subscriptions. New York's Houston 900 450 50.0 Sarasota, Fla. 25 0 0.0 Kent State University. They are the YSA chapters have sent in 213 so far. Allentown, Pa. 20 10 50.0 first in the country to top their goal­ The Ohio campaign team, which Minneapolis 700 343 49.0 Campaign teams: selling 113 percent so far. visited the University of Toledo and Pittsburgh 450 213 47.3 New Mexico 85 85 100.0 Sales are also high in many cities Bowling Green State University this Berkeley 400 188 47.0 OhiO 400 138 34.5 Boston where SWP branches have only recent­ week, sold 57. 800 375 46.9 Rocky Mountain 215 31 14.4 New York 2,000 928 46.4 Michigan-Indiana In all, the scoreboard shows twenty­ 400 51 12.8 ly been es,tablished. San Diego 400 180 45.0 Northeast 400 45 11.3 "Most people haven't heard of the one cities on schedule (bold-faced type). Lexington, Ky. 50 22 44.0 Midwest 165 15 9.1 Socialist Workers party when we first Many areas have ordered extra Atlanta 600 259 43.2 Southeast 250 18 7.2 talk to them," says Gale Shangold bundles of this special Militant cam­ San Jose 350 151 43.1 from Tacoma, Washington. "But paign issue. They will be carrying out Indianapolis 100 43 43.0 General 2,003 they're very open to talking with us. special activities in the last few days St. Louis 425 179 42.1 Total: 20,000 9,666 48.3 Often we are invited to their homes for before the elections to get out the vote Los Angeles 1,000 420 42.0 Should be: 10,000 50.0 more discussions about socialism and for Camejo and Reid. Reid visits Gary Tyler in Louisiana prison By Joel Aber prime of manhood. Let other people to render justice." and another on women's rights. and Patsy Cannon know that I want to get out there and The prisoner agreed: "The way I see "You could say that Willie Reid is a ST. JAMES PARISH, La.-On Oc­ help many others ifl can. We've all got it, I don't think that justice truly exists nationalist and a feminist as well as a tober 13 Socialist Workers party vice­ to fight by any means necessary if we in the courts. So the only means of my socialist," Reid told Gary Tyler. Tyler presidential candidate Willie Mae Reid are to gain. being set free is by the people, orga­ laughed and responded, "I fall into came here for one of the most impor­ "Many of us have been treated as nized to put pressure on the govern­ that category too." tant events of her campaign: a visit inferiors, as subhumans. We've got to ment. If the government and the courts Reid told Tyler that long after the with Gary Tyler in the St. James let the Man know that we aren't-that don't submit, we've got to put more November 2 election the commitment Parish prison. we're humans." pressure on them." of her party to his fight for freedom Louisiana officials are trying to send Reid told Tyler how her supporters Gary Tyler told Reid that he would would continue. The socialist candi­ the eighteen-year-old Tyler to the had worked with his mother and his like her to send him books about date and her supporters embraced the electric chair. The Black youth is the sixteen-year-old brother Terry to help busing and school desegregation. They prisoner as a brother in struggle. Gary victim of a frame-up conviction by an get large numbers of people into the discussed the similarity between Tyl­ Tyler is a proud and confident young all-white jury. He was charged in the streets demonstrating for his freedom. er's victimization and the plight of man although the threat of the electric shooting death of a white student "We need to step up the pressure on Black students in Boston. Reid gave chair still hangs over his head. during a racist mob assault on desegre­ this judicial system," Reid said. "Just Tyler a copy of her campaign platform, As his visitors left, he gave a parting gation at Tyler's high schoel. as in the Joan Little and Angela Davis "A Bill of Rights for Working People," clenched-fist salute and smiled Willie Mae Reid considers the death cases, we will force the judicial system and a pamphlet on the Black struggle throught the closing iron cell door. penalty legalized murder by the gov­ ernment. She came here to publicize Tyler's case and to show her active support for his struggle for his freedom and his life. When Reid and three of her support­ ers arrived at the prison, the authori­ ties made an exception to the usually restricted visiting procedures. They ushered the visitors into a vacant jail cell. Then a deputy sheriff brought in Gary Tyler. As he was introduced to Reid, Tyler smiled broadly. He seemed relaxed and confident. Reid asked him what he wants her to tell people about his case. "The main thing," he answered, "is my case is connected with others. It's following in the path of Joan Little and Angela Davis. Their cases have opened many people's eyes. My case will help open many others. "A whole lot of my Black people are going to have the opportunity to see the racism and hatred that truly exist within the United States." Gary Tyler told Willie Mae Reid how it feels to be a prisoner. "The Man has messed with your pride and dignity. Your life has been humiliated; it has Militant/Barbara Mutnick been raped of its freedom. I'm at the TYLER TELLS SOCIALIST CANDIDATE: 'Let other people know that I want to get out there and help many others if I can.'

THE MILITANT/OCTOBER 29, 1976 3 NOW board sets ERA protest for January 13 McAiiskey, Atkins to By Cindy Jaquith The January 13 protests will serve to KANSAS CITY, Kans.-The Nation­ highlight government attacks on address antiracist cont. al Organization for Women has called women on many fronts. The protests By Susan LaMont for "women's state of the union" will occur just a few days before the BOSTON-Plans are well under way protests around the country on Janu­ anniversary of the 1973 Supreme Court for the third National Student Confer­ ary 13, 1977, one week before the decision to legalize abortion-a deci­ ence Against Racism, set for No­ inauguration of the new president of sion now under serious attack. Janu­ vember 19-21 in Boston. The three-day the United States. ary is also the month many state gathering, to be held at Boston Univer­ NOW President Karen DeCrow will legislatures open. Sixteen states have sity, will open with a major rally in deliver a "women's state of the union" not yet ratified the ERA. support of Black rights on Friday address at a major news conference in NOW is already planning a demon­ evening at 7:30 p.m. in Hayden Hall. Washington, D.C.; on January 13. stration in one state that has failed to The theme of the conference is "No to Similar news conferences will take ratify the ERA. Local NOW chapters Racism, from Boston to South Africa." place around the country the same in Indiana are building a January 15 Featured speakers at the rally in­ day, organized by local chapters of rally for the ERA in Indianapolis, the clude: Bernadette Devlin McAliskey, NOW. state capital. Irish independence leader and former The NOW National Board issued the For more information on the member of . the British Parliament; call for January 13 activities at a "women's state of the union" activi­ Tom Atkins, president of the Boston meeting in Kansas City, following a ties, contact the National NOW Action NAACP; Imani Kazana of the Wil­ three-day bylaws conference of NOW Center, 425 Thirteenth Street NW, mington Ten Defense Committee; and members. Washington, D.C. 20004. Telephone: Mrs. Juanita Tyler, mother of Louisia­ The January 13 proposal approved (202) 347-2279. na frame-up victim Gary Tyler. by the board reads, in part: "The Also, Tom Turner, president of the purpose is to focus national attention * * * Detroit Metro AFL-CIO; Robert Allen, upon the state of the union in regard to editor of Black Scholar magazine; equal rights for women. To show Protests continue across the country Maceo Dixon, national coordinator of strength and solidarity among groups against the recent attacks on abortion. the National Student Coalition supporting equal rights for women it is Sixty-five people in Minneapolis pick­ Against Racism; and Luis Fuentes, a important to stage an active rather eted at the University of Minnesota leader of the community control strug­ than a reactive demonstration. In this October 14 to demand that the school's gle in New York's District One on the MRS. JUANITA TYLER manner we would draw the attention abortion clinic be reopened. The night Lower East Side and ex-superintendent of the incoming administration to the before, a teach-in on abortion was held of schools in that district. issues and demands of American at the university, with speakers from majority rule in southern Africa and to The rally will be followed by work­ mobilize opposition to continued U.S. women." the Abortion Rights Council, Universi­ shops and discussions on Saturday Carol Pudliner-Sweeny, co­ ty Community Feminists, and Twin support of the white minority regimes and Sunday. These will focus on the will be one of the most important coordinator of the January 13 activi­ Cities NOW. major campaigns in which antiracist ties, told the Militant that the "state of The Women's Collective at William discussions for the hundreds of antira­ activists from around the country are cist activists from around the country the union" events would focus on Paterson College in Wayne, New involved. demands for the Equal Rights Amend­ Jersey, organized a counter picket line who will be attending the conference. ment, abortion rights, child care, equal at a local abortion clinic on October 9. Some of the topics include: school The National Student Coalition pay, jobs, and an end to legislation The clinic has been a target of right­ desegregation in Boston and national­ Against Racism was founded at a discriminating against women. wing anti-abortion pickets. ly; organizing opposition to the death similar national conference in Boston penalty; defense of victims of racist in February 1975. The multiracial frame-ups such as Gary Tyler and the student organization was formed by Wilmington Ten; the movement supporters of school desegregation in against racist deportations; how to Boston. They saw the need for a fight against cutbacks; the struggle for national organization that could mo­ Colo. rights unit backs bilingual, bicultural education; defend­ bilize support for Boston's Black ing affirmative action; prisoners' community in its fight against the rights; and how to fight against racist antibusing movement. civil liberties meeting discrimination in housing. From its inception, NSCAR has been A major aspect of both the Friday deeply involved in the prodesegrega­ By Miguel Pendas night rally and the workshops will be a tion movement in cities throughout the DENVER-At its October 15 meet­ discussion of how supporters of Black country and has gone on to become ing, the Colorado Civil Rights Com­ rights in this country can aid the active in other arenas of the struggle mission voted to endorse "A Meeting to national liberation struggles in South for Black equal rights. It now has Defend Democratic Rights" to be held Africa, Zimbabwe (Rhodesia), and Na­ chapters from coast to coast. here October 23. For more information about the The meeting, sponsored by the Politi­ mibia. A campaign of education and action conference contact: NSCAR, 612 Blue cal Rights Defense Fund, is demand­ designed to inform the American Hill Avenue, Dorchester, Massachu­ ing an end to FBI harassment of people about the movement for Black setts 02121. Telephone: (617) 288-6200. political groups. The director of the Civil Rights Commission, James Reynolds, is set to speak at the event. In the past couple of weeks, mailings publicizing the civil liberties rally have PSP challenge wins been sent to hundreds of Coloradans by the National Organization for Women, the Denver Federation of disclosure law relief Teachers, and the American Civil Liberties Union. All three organiza­ Militant/Walter Lippmann By Jose G. Perez constant surveillance by agents of the tions are cosponsoring the meeting. FRED HALSTEAD The Puerto Rican Socialist party [U.S.] Central Intelligence Agency and Also speaking will be Jose Angel won an important victory against the Federal Bureau of Investigation." Gutierrez, Texas Raza Unida party; government harassment and spying The board based its decision on a Fred Halstead, Socialist Workers par­ Rights Defense Fund; and James Joy, September 27. January 1976 U.S. Supreme Court ty; Vernon Bellecourt, American Indi­ Colorado director, ACLU. On that day, the Election Board of decision. The case involved a challenge an Movement; Ruth Getts, Political The meeting will be held at 8:00 p.m. Puerto Rico decided to exempt the to U.S. campaign finance "reform" at the Denver University Law School party from having to reveal the names laws. Auditorium at Fourteenth and Ban­ of contributors to its election cam­ A part of the Supreme Court decision nock. paigns. • said parties could win exemption from Other sponsors include Associated The board stated: ". . . it has been disclosure by showing a substantial Students, Metro State College; Carpet decided to exempt the Socialist Party possibility that its contributors might and Linoleum Layers Local 419; U.S. and its candidate ... to avoid [cam­ be harassed. Rep. Patricia Schroeder (D-Colo.); and paign contributors] becoming a target Although the ruling was on a case Germaene Aragon, Casa del Barrio. of harassment by repressive [govern­ involving U.S. laws, the precedent Teams of rally supporters have been ment] agencies." established by the court applies to distributing thousands of leaflets and Juan Mari Bras, secretary general of Puerto Rico since it is a colony of the putting up posters to publicize the the PSP and its candidate for gover­ United States. event. Crowds were particularly recep­ nor, called the decision "historic." The incumbent in the gubernatorial tive at showings of The Front, the film "For the first time an official govern­ race, Rafael Hernandez Colon, blasted about blacklisting during the ment body recognizes the persecution the decision as "very dangerous." McCarthy era of the fifties starring and harassment of the Puerto Rican El Mundo, the most prestigious Woody Allen. One leafleter with a Socialist party," Mari Bras said. capitalist daily in Puerto Rico, editor­ collection bucket got a good response The board's decision cited "uncon­ ialized: "If the PSP insists on continu­ when she solicited donations with the tested" testimony offered by PSP ing to preach Marxist-Leninist revolu­ phrase, "Fight McCarthyism in the officials. "Attorney Mari Bras com­ tion, it must expect that Puerto Rico seventies!" plained of police agent infiltration of ... will watch it carefully. That the For more information, contact the SoCialist party, attacks by mobs on Election Board considers that to be PRDF, Box 4216, Denver, Colorado its central headquarters; of the bombs 'persecution' is nothing short of incred­ 80204. Telephone: (303) 573-6821. placed in its local headquarters, and ible."

4 IITEI Jl 1•1 Ill Working for peanuts in Plains needed," she says. During the By Greg Cornell primary campaign, it was PLAINS, Ga.-Interview­ about eight to ten hours a ing Jimmy Carter's maids week. was hardly the story I had in "With them away so much, mind when I set out to talk there's not much to do," she with Blacks in his hometown says. here. Her duties included keeping But almost every other the house clean, washing the Black woman I found turned clothes, vacuuming the rugs, out to be a maid from Carter's and looking after the flowers. childhood, or a maid he hired Mrs. Carter, she says, pays after he married and settled her wages and gives her most down, or a maid working for of the instructions. Occasion­ him now. ally, Carter tells her what to Some are old, hom in the do. last century. Others are "He'll say, 'Lillian, what young, hom in Plains after about pressing these pants for World War II. All, without me,' or 'What about pressing exception, are poor. this shirt,' or 'What about In a town with few jobs, hanging up these pants.'" being a maid for the Carters But like everyone else who has been one of the few works for Carter, she gets the available sources of income rock-bottom minimum wage. for Black women. The other When Mrs. Pickett was first one has been Carter's peanut­ hired by the Carters, she processing plant. worked about a seventeen­ hour week and took home a * * * weekly check of fifteen dol­ lars. At the end of Carter Street Now she earns $2.10 an in Plains, there's a dirt road. 'Ethnic purity' in Plains spells poverty for Blacks hour. Along that road there are a number of Black homes. It She also works for Carter's could be Appalachia, and a mother, Lillian, who has been portrayed as a genteel person million miles distant from that kind of work," puts in "It wasn't much, I'll tell you dollars a week. who represents the height of Jimmy Carter. But it's only a Ruth Jackson. "That was the that," says Emma Montes, But tough times of the past decency. few blocks. only thing going for women." Mrs. Jackson's mother. are not her main concern Lillian Carter pays Lillian The houses have been now. With children growing Jackson used to be a day-care Montes used to work for patched and repatched. There worker until she was laid off Carter also-sorting peanuts. Pickett a flat five dollars for up in Plains, her worry is for four hours' work. is a vegetable garden in front jobs. "I wish they'd build in April. Two years ago she was not of one house, and there I meet rehired when someone else Not surprisingly, the Pick­ some factories around here," ett family has few dollars to Ruth Harvey and Emma · she says. "We need work so * * * was employed in her place. Harvey, sisters. "That wasn't Mr. Jimmy's spare. "We just get by,'' Lilli­ badly." an Pickett says. Ruth Harvey, sixty-three, The word out of Plains, Carter's maids-all Black­ fault," a woman standing in was a maid for Carter and is however, is that jobs are not seem to be everywhere. Two the doorway says. also a veteran of his peanut primary on Carter's mind. He houses up, there's Rosie Mar­ "Don't say Mr. Jimmy,'' * * * plant. wants to keep the town resi­ shall Kitchen, hom in 1890, says another one. "It's out of "I'm barely making it," she dentially zoned to preserve who took care of Jimmy style.'' By now my surprise has says. "The thing makes me so the rustic down-home image Carter when he was growing worn off. Carter, it seems, is depressed. I used to be work­ he has cultivated through the up. Several blocks away, in a * * * used to having Black women ing, but now I'm not. I can media. cluster of homes that form a pick up after him. I begin to take in sewing, but my sew­ dilapidated federal housing Two houses down, I meet think Carter owes a lot to the ing machine is broken and I project, I knock on six doors another ex-Carter domestic, Black women of Plains, Geor­ can't afford to get it fixed." * * * and find two former Carter Rachel Clark. Her house is gia. They have kept his house "I'm hoping," she says, maids and one current maid, small and dingy. In a tiny clean, his parents' house "they'll raise my Social Secur­ Knowing Jimmy Carter again all Black. drab living room there's an clean, and sorted his peanuts. ity check." and having worked for him Mrs. Gladys Jackson, fifty­ old couch, covered with a If this were the nineteenth Ruth Harvey says she took hasn't elevated Jewell Wiley's nine, comes to one door. She blanket. Her kitchen is about century, Plains would be Mr. care of Amy, Carter's young­ living conditions. Wiley, fifty­ says she worked six years for the size of a clothes closet. Jimmy's plantation. I'd be est daughter, before he was nine, paused by the side of the Carter in his peanut plant in She sits in a kitchen chair writing about chattel slavery. elected governor. She spent road with several other Black the 1950s, earning twenty-five that has a tom covering. But this is the twentieth several days after Carter was women to talk to this reporter. to thirty dollars a week. Mrs. Clark remembers little century, and Plains is Mr. elected caring for Amy at the In the 1950s and early "Could you live on that?" I Jimmy Carter. "When he was Carter's company town. What governor's mansion. sixties, Wiley was a maid for ask her. a little boy," she says, "I was we've got here is superexploi­ When she went to work for Carter. "I worked four hours a "Around that time," she the maid. I worked on the tation, capitalist-style. the Carters in 1966, she was day,'' she recalls. She was says, "you weren't getting farm in the field picking Plains is an "ethnic purity" paid twelve dollars for twenty paid one dollar an hour. "At anything.'' peanuts, and then I came in town. The whites-250 of hours' work. least it was minimum wage," Up the street, rock music is the house when they needed them-are clustered near But after a while, she asked she says. blaring from inside one of the me. I looked after the children Highway 280 and to the north the Carters for a raise. "I told Today Wiley is unemployed. brick houses. There is a group and fed them.'' of it. The Blacks, who number them I wasn't satisfied," she She was laid off more than a of people sitting on the porch. Now, Mrs. Clark squeezes 350, live on two patches: recalled. The Carters, she year ago and has been unable What do they think of Carter? out a living spending her either on Carter Street and said, increased her hours to to find work since. "Good man," says one. "I Social Security check on the another connecting road forty a week and paid her She says she is so poor she hope he becomes president.'' bare necessities. "Do you south of Highway 280, or in a fifty dollars. can't afford food stamps. Says another, "I don't care have a car?" I ask her. housing project on Graham The year before last, Ruth What does she expect from who gets in. None of them ace "We don't have a car," she Street. Harvey worked in Carter's Carter if he's elected? going to do any good as far as says. "We don't have no­ It is necessary to point out peanut plant. Her take-home "I'm hoping he'll put some I'm concerned." thing." that most Blacks I inter­ pay was about sixty-five dol­ work in here for us," she says. Across the street, four viewed like Jimmy Carter-or lars a week. "It wasn't "If he doesn't, I know him, so Black women are sitting on a * * * at least say they do. I don't much," she concedes, "but all I'll sure go and tell him." She small cement porch in front of know what-if anything­ we were doing was picking up pauses and laughs a long, their brick home. Across the street, a middle­ Carter thinks of them. In his peanuts." loud laugh. "I sure don't "Any of you know Jimmy aged Black man reads the autobiography, Why Not the Harvey says her food these think it can be worse than it Carter?" I ask. newspaper on his porch. Best?, Carter describes how days comes mainly from her is now," she adds. "If it is, A woman looks up. ''I "Do you know Jimmy Car­ he became famous. Not once vegetable garden. She doesn't I'm going to go dig a hole." cleaned house and ironed for ter?" I ask. does he mention the Black eat much meat. Ethel Marshall, who is him," says Oveda Jackson. "No I don't," the man says. maids or other Black em­ Emma Harvey, like her listening to the conversation, She says she's twenty-nine "But my wife does. She's his ployees. sister, is hoping for an in­ nods in agreement. She used years old. "I was eighteen maid." Lillian Pickett likes Jimmy crease in., Social Security. to work in Carter's ware­ therr. It was my first maid's Lillian Pickett comes to the Carter, she says, because he's She also worked for the house, sorting peanuts. job.'' door. "I've been working there a Christian-hearted man. Carter family, in the 1940s "It seems a lot of women "How much did you earn?" since about 1966, four years She thinks Carter will treat and early 1950s, sorting pea­ sorted peanuts in Carter's I ask. before he was governor," she all Blacks the way he has nuts. At that, time the pay factory,'' I observe. "I don't remember," she says. She now works at the treated her if he becomes was seventeen or eighteen "Most all the women did says. Carter house "whenever I'm president.

THE MILITANT/OCTOBER 29, 1976 5 ComganY. victimization defeated Sadlowski activist reinstated in Houston By Jean Starbuck "A frameup like this could be perpe­ recent incident m a series of right-wing HOUSTON-Fighters for union de­ trated against any employee," the efforts to prevent USW A members mocracy won an important victory leaflet said. "It is in the interest of from hearing about Sadlowski's chal­ October 14 when Hughes Tool Com­ every union member, whether they lenge to the union bureaucracy. pany was forced to reinstate David support Ed Sadlowski or not, to protest Last July Ben Corum, a Sadlowski Riehle. this." organizer from Illinois, was shot and Riehle, a machinist in the mainte­ The leaflet was distributed at the almost killed while leafleting at nance department at Hughes, had been Hughes plant gates October 12, the Hughes. Other leafleters at Armco fired October 8 on trumped-tip charges. next workday after the firing. Two Steel were physically assaulted. The real reason for the firing, union days later Riehle was reinstated. Shortly after the USWA internation­ activists charge, was his prominent John Sarge, the third-shift grie­ al convention in September, an ano­ role in organizing Houston-area sup­ vanceman for the maintenance depart­ nymous leaflet was circulated inside port for Ed Sadlowski's campaign for ment, told the Militant, "the outpunch the Hughes plant branding three president of the United Steelworkers of charge was so flimsy that they had to grievance committeemen who support America. try to bolster the case with the absen­ Sadlowski as "communists." Sadlowski's platform calls for union teeism charge." Nevertheless, the Steelworkers for democracy, guaranteeing the right of He added, "I wonder how many Sadlowski leaflet pointed out, "Steel­ all members to vote on contracts, other employees have been victimized workers all over the United States and defending the right to strike, and this way because they chose to speak Canada are responding enthusiastical­ ending the procompany "business out?" ly to Ed's campaign to win a union unionism" of the present USWA lead­ Sarge said that Sadlowski support­ that's strong enough and tough ership. ers believe the leaflet distribution had enough to stand up for its members." Riehle was suspended on Monday, David Riehle distributing Sadlowski a "definite impact on Riehle's rehir­ On October 7, the leaflet reported, October 4. Management claimed an leaflets at Armco Steel plant. ing." "Phase 2 of the campaign [in Houston] "outpunch" had been made with his "Once the facts on the firing got out was kicked off with a mass leafletting attendance card the previous Friday, charging the company with illegal in the plant," he said, "the company at Armco Steel. There were no inci­ when Riehle was absent from work. interference in a union election cam­ realized they had made a big mistake." dents." At a hearing on October 8, the paign. The leaflet labeled the firing Riehle was rehired after a hearing The rehiring of David Riehle is company added the charge of absentee­ "an obvious ·attempt by the company between representatives of USWA expected to give fresh impetus to the ism and fired Riehle. to intimidate any employee supporting Local 1742 and Hughes management Sadlowski campaign in Texas by District 37 (Texas) Steelworkers for a candidate for union office that does on October 14. showing that the right-wing intimida­ Sadlowski responded with a leaflet not have company approval." The attempted firing was the most tion can be challenged and defeated. Protest meetings hit U.S.-apartheid ties By Peter Seidman Africa: Freedom Struggle on the Rise" Indakwa of the University of Houston ··. · ... .. rn::nt:~ Public meetings in s~veral cities also took place on October 8. The and school board member Ernest I> I ~ 1• ., I ~...fit~ 1_~ ; have swelled the growmg protests speakers were: Davis M'Gabe, a profes- McGowan. ~ ... ·o C'ioo··· Tl\. aga_inst the apartheid regime in South sor of economics at Staten Island Indakwa blasted Secretary of State ·0.·.U• · 1· .· .f ~ ·. < ··· ·.. 1 I '.J· Africa. Community College; Pat Wright, So- Kissinger's proposed Rhodesia settle- .... · ...... , The Tacoma, Washington, branches cialist Workers party candidate for ment, which calls for massive funding of the Urban League, NAACP, and U.S. Congress from the Fourteenth to ease the transition from white Socialist Workers party sponsored a District; Kewulay Kamara, represent- minority rule. He pointed out that joint forum on October 8. ing the Pan Africari Student Organiza- Kenya is still paying off loans to "Black Revolt in South Africa" was tion of the Americas; and Prof. Herbert Britain for money given whites who the title of a speech given at the Vilakazi, Essex County Community left after independence was declared Tacoma meeting by Dr. Kes Chetty. A College, who was in Soweto this there. former resident of South Africa, Chetty summer and provided an eyewitness now lives in Canada. He is a member account of events there. On September 18, the National of the South African Action Coalition, The forum was sponsored by the Conference of Black Lawyers sent a a Canadian group formed to arouse Williamsburgh and Crown Heights letter to President Ford protesting "the public awareness of conditions in Socialist Workers campaign commit- massive slaughters, arrests and deten­ South Africa. tees. tions" in South Africa, "which clearly ...... ,, .. ·.·>.i'l\.: ,.... The film Last Graue at Dimbaza was A community meeting demanding violate minimum standards of funda­ Militant/Lou also shown. It vividly depicts the an end to U.S. ties with the racist mental fairness and due process estab­ Kewulay Kamara of the Pan African horrors of the apartheid regime. South African regime was held in lished by international principles." Student Organization of the Americas Earlier in the day, Dr. Chetty spoke Ho,uston on October 6. About forty The lawyers group called on Ford to addresses Brooklyn forum. before an audience of 125 students and people, almost half Blacks, attended · urge the United Nations to establish faculty at Pacific Lutheran University this forum at the YWCA Southeast an international commission of law­ tained ... to determine whether in Tacoma. The meeting was spon- Center. The meeting was chaired by yers to visit South Africa. "The com­ South Africa's arrest and detention of sored by the Student Coalition Against Professor Mwamba of the African mission should be charged," the NCBL the prisoners in question meets inter­ Racism. Studies Department at Texas Southern demanded, "with the task of interview­ national standards of procedural due A Brooklyn forum titled "Southern University. Speakers were Prof. John ing all prisoners presently being de- · process." Bernadette Devlin McAiiskey to tour U.S. By Gillian Furst charged with a terrorist crime are now importance of the Troops Out Now media interviews and will hold a Bernadette Devlin McAliskey, a treated as guilty until proven innocent. Movement in Britain that also raises number of news conferences on her former member of Parliament and a McAliskey said she would explain this demand. tour. prominent spokesperson for the Irish why she demands the immediate "I think the Troops Out Now Move- She hopes to exchange experiences struggle for civil rights and indepen- withdrawal of British troops from ment is of crucial importance to the with other activists. dence, will begin a twelve-day speak- Northern Ireland. She will detail the British working class," she explained. "I am looking forward to meeting ing tour of the United States No- "Northern Ireland is a training ground with American socialists," she said. "I vember 8. for British security forces. It may be think it is very important for there to McAliskey"s talk will center on the IRA they're after today, but it will be a dialogue with socialists in other conditions in Northern Ireland today be the British trade unions tomorrow." countries." and the continuing struggle for social- McAliskey said there is a feeling of The title of McAliskey's talk is "The ism and self-determination in her coun- widespread despair in Ireland today. Struggle in Northern Ireland." Her try. "The women's peace movement is a itinerary is: November 8, New York McAliskey, twenty-nine, is a leader movement of genuine confusion," she City; November 9, Philadelphia; No- of the Irish Committee for a Socialist noted. "It could be dangerous-praying vember 10, Washington, D.C.; No- Program, a new political organization. for peace on street corners is not the vember 12, Los Angeles; November 15- She is the author of The Price of MY answer. You have to have a class 16, San Francisco; November 17, Soul. analysis and work towards socialism." Minneapolis/St. Paul; November 18, McAliskey said in an interview last McAliskey will use her talks to Chicago; and November 19, Boston. week that her U.S. tour will be occur- criticize what she describes as "mil- McAliskey's Boston tour will include ring at a time when the situation "is itary solutions to social and economic a talk at the third National Student very serious" in both the north and problems." Conference Against Racism. south of Ireland. She will also describe conditions in McAliskey's tour is being organized "The situation in the North gets the south of Ireland, where a state of by Viewpoint Speakers Bureau, a worse and worse," she said. While emergency now exists and where division of Pathfinder Press, Inc. For internment has been suspended, it unemployment has climbed to 10 per- more information, contact Viewpoint remains a law on the books. Jury trials Poppertoto cent. at 410 West Street, New York, New have also been suspended, and those Bernadette Devlin McAiiskey McAliskey will be available for York 10014. Telephone: (212) 741-0690.

6 Factional purge splits Mao's successors ByLes Evans From Intercontinental Press Less than a month after the death of Mao Tsetung, the regime he headed has been plunged into a crisis over his successor. The little-known Hua Kuo­ feng has been catapulted to the chair­ manship of the Chinese Communist party, and a sweeping purge has been unleashed against Mao's closest asso­ ciates, including his widow, Chiang Ch'ing. For a week, Peking was awash with rumors that four top-ranking members of the Politburo of the Chinese CP had been arrested at an October 7 meeting called to choose a new party chairman. The leaders said to be jailed include Chiang Ch'ing, who directs state cultural policy; Wang Hung-wen, party vice-chairman; Chang Ch'un-ch'iao, vice-premier and chief army political commissar; and Yao Wen-yuan, be­ lieved to be director of the communica­ tions media. The regime has maintained a guarded silence on the purge, answer­ ing inquiries by Western diplomats I and reporters with "no comment." But Premier Hua Kuo-feng reading eulogy at Mao's funeral. At right are three victims of current bureaucratic purge: Wang on October 15, a wall poster campaign Hung-wen, party vice-chairman; Chang Ch'un-ch'iao, vice-premier and chief army political commissar; and Mao's began in major cities denouncing the widow, Chiang Ch'ing, state cultural policy director. four by ·name and accusing them of plotting a "coup" against Hua Kuo­ out any independent base in the party about 50. The film industry practical­ and army administrators. feng. apparatus. ly ceased to exist, producing nothing Hua's own ascent is actually strik­ None of these people had played any for years but· films of eight "model ingly parallel to that of the "helicop­ 'Gang of four' significant role in the party before operas" personally rewritten by Chi­ ters." He was virtually unknown to the In the midst of official mourning for 1966. Their rise was so precipitous that ang Ch'ing to make them more "politi­ majority of Chinese as late as this Mao, posters in Shanghai attacking they were derisively referred to by their cal." spring, when he was appointed pre- his bereaved widow and her associates critics as "the helicopters." Far from • Wa.ng Hung-wen. The youngest of m1er. demanded: "Crush the heads of the being some special "radical" faction, the central party leaders (he is in his four dogs" and "Crush and strangle they were the chosen representatives of early forties). Until 1966, he was a Masses seek openings the gang of four." Mao's line. They functioned as the member of the police force in a Hua's rise in the party hierarchy The October 17 New York Times most vigorous promoters of his coer~ Shanghai cotton mill-this has led the came in 1971, when he was brought to reported: cive methods. As such they were not Western press to refer to him as a Peking to help in the ouster of Lin "A crowd said to be in the hundreds seriously challenged during the chair­ "worker.'' He was appointed to trade­ Piao's followers in the party and army. of thousands carried effigies of Miss man's lifetime by other elements in the union leadership by the Maoist faction On the basis of this experience he was Chiang dangling from a hangman's bureaucracy, who nonetheless chafed in Shanghai in October 1966. His elected to the Politburo in 1973 and noose and banners demanding that under their ruthlessness. principal distinction was his ruthless­ made chief of the secret police in 1975. she be 'knocked down.' The sources Moreover, as Mao's arbitrariness ness in breaking strikes by rank-and­ There are colossal contradictions in said the demonstration went on all day increased, like Stalin in his later years, file workers demanding pay increases postrevolutionary China and urgent around the Shanghai party headquar­ · his special emissaries became objects and shorter hours. problems confronting this nation of ters, with rallies in factories and of popular hatred and a focus of • Chang Ch'un-ch'iao. Like Wang, 800 million people, in the moderniza­ neighborhood courtyards to explain discontent. At the massive spontane­ Chang was a Shanghai party leader tion of agriculture, the building of the latest developments." ous protest demonstration in Peking's lifted up by the Cultural Revolution. industry, and the need for the develop­ A word-of-mouth campaign directed Tien An Men Square last April 5, one Outranking Wang at the time, he ment of workers democracy and gen­ against Chiang Ch'ing and the others of the slogans of the crowd of 100,000 played a central role in the defeat of uine culture. It is unlikely that even now accuses them of trying to assassi­ was "Down with the Dowager Em­ Liu Shao-ch'i's local supporters, and after the dismissal of Mao's most nate Hua Kuo-feng. press! Down with Indira Gandhi!" This then in the armed crushing of the intimate followers the Hua regime will In typical Stalinist fashion, none of was aimed directly at Chiang Ch'ing. independent workers' movement that acquire any great degree of stability. those under attack have been permit­ The record of the brief careers of the arose to the left of the Maoist faction. In any event, the inner turmoil in the ted to make a public statement in their four purged leaders reveals nothing • Yao Wen-yuan. Peking's press hierarchy is a sign of weakness. Its own behalf. especially "radical" or egalitarian: czar since the Cultural Revolution, Y ao coming course will be closely watched • Chiang Ch 'ing. A former film first gained fame in Shanghai in 1965- by the masses as they take the mea­ 'Moderates' vs 'radicals'? actress, Chiang married Mao in 1937, 66 as the most venomous journalistic sure of their new rulers and seek The capitalist press represents the but did not take an active public role in mouthpiece for the Mao faction in its openings to act in their own right. struggle as a fight between the "moder­ party affairs until 1964. In 1965 she frame-up campaign against Liu Shao­ ates" (exemplified by the late Chou En­ was instrumental in dismissing almost ch'i as a "capitalist agent." lai, Hua Kuo-feng, planning minister all the leading actors, playwrights, Ironically, it was just ten years ago Two Li Hsien-nien, etc.) and the "radicals" and film directors on the Central that Y ao himself launched the call to led by Chiang Ch'ing. Steering Committee for the film indus­ hunt down every critic of Mao's new books by That there are tactical policy differ­ try. In May 1967 she was appointed thought and "beat the wild dog to ences among the clique formations in with Ch'en Po-ta to head the Cultural death" (October 31, 1966, Hsinhua Leon Trotsky the high command is beyond dispute. Revolution Group. dispatch). Their substance has still to be dis­ She played a central part in elimi­ WRITINGS OF closed. But the schema of the bourgeois nating Mao's factional opponents from LEON TROTSKY media has nothing to do with reality. the part.y leadership. Salaries The attributes of the "moderates" are Her most famous single act of the On the question of egalitarianism, (19:37-38) compiled not from their own words or Cultural Revolution was her Sep­ the four "radicals" are no more "left This is the tenth volume in a deeds but from the charges leveled by tember 5, 1967, speech announcing wing" than those who have ousted twelve-book series that collects the Mao against his purged opponents Mao's directive to the army to fire on them, or those they themselves helped writings of Trotsky. 416 pp., cloth since the Cultural Revolution in the "mass organizations or individuals" to discredit as "capitalist roaders.'' $15, paper $4.45 middle 1960s, from Liu Shao-ch'i to that refused to obey military orders. Until their purge, they continued .to Teng Hsiao-p'ing. The description of After this, Chiang was China's pocket salaries of some 450 yuan a LEON TROTSKY the "radicals" is taken uncritically cultural commissar, setting national month, ten times the pay of an ON CHINA from the regime's effusive self-praise. ordinary worker. policy on films, theater, literature, With an introduction by Peng Shu­ The actual cleavages appear to take As for the "moderates," there are no music, and, to a lesser degree, educa­ Tse. Essential to understanding the place along different lines. Mao in his publicly voiced disagreements by any · tion. Her authoritarian role can be defeat of the 1925-27 Chinese revo­ last years erected a buffer between known official of the Chinese regime compared to that of Stalin's henchman lution and the rise of Maoism. 6HH himself and the remaining experienced Zhdanov in the impoverishment of . with any of its policies. Hua seems to pp., cloth $22, paper $6.9fi administrators (with the exception of Soviet culture in the late 1940s. have succeeded in isolating the Chiang Chou En-lai). This took the form of In 1960, some 1,300 periodicals were Ch'ing group not because of his differ­ Order these new books from Path­ what might be called a kitchen ca­ published in China. This was cut to ent program, but because he has finder Press, 410 West Street, New binet, composed of relatives, personal 648 at the beginning of the Cultural secured the backing of the most power­ York, New York 10014 retainers, and young nonentities with- Revolution, and by 1973 was slashed to ful and long entrenched government

THE MILITANT/OCTOBER 29, 1976 7 canada: one million workers strike against wage controls

If all you had to rely on for news was the American big-business press, you "Make the rich pay" was a common Throughout the rally, from a high wouldn't know October 14 was anything except two days after Columbus slogan on picket signs. "Cut profits, vantage point visible to the entire Day. The New York Times carried a small item about "150,000 persons not wages," others said. "Control crowd, an interpreter for the deaf staying away from work for the day" in Canada. Most other papers were corporate greed, not workers needs." translated all the speeches into sign completely mum. The blackout on news of the labor upsurge in Canada is I saw contingents of steelworkers, language. auto workers, laborers, millwrights, It's a small point, perhaps, but for systematic and conscious. As the U.S. rulers see it, political strikes, mass communication workers, garment and me this gesture of consideration for the protest rallies, and labor political action set a bad example for workers here. textile workers, electrical workers, needs of handicapped workers seemed The Militant takes the opposite view. To provide our ~eaders accurate, on­ office and professional employees, and symbolic of a heightened social con­ the-spot coverage of this historic day of protest, Militant reporters Andy many others. sciousness in the Canadian labor Rose, Tony Thomas, and Harold Schlechtweg traveled to the three main Allies of the labor movement had movement. centers of strike activity to join the demonstrations and talk with union also been urged to participate. Banners The effects of October 14 will be leaders and activists. Here are their reports. identified contingents from women's profound, far beyond the expectations groups, students, and gays. of the union officials who called it. Board "has robbed Canadian workers There were also banners from local In the first place, the educational of an estimated $800 million." units of the New Democratic party, campaign by the CLC and NDP has Toronto "At the same time," Morris said, Canada's labor party. The NDP gave already exposed the class bias of the By Andy Rose "the AlB has done precious little about official support to the day of protest, controls and helped erode public sup­ TORONTO-"We're out to fight controlling prices." and Ontario NDP leader Stephen port for them. controls" was the rallying cry October The CLC says at least 1,054,744 Lewis was a featured speaker. Gallup polls taken last April showed 14 as more than one million Canadian workers stayed off the job October 14. The rally was chaired by Sam Fox, 58 percent of Canadians in favor of the and Quebecois workers joined a one­ That's about half the CLC membership head of the Metro Toronto Labour controls. By mid-September the figure day strike to protest government­ and 40 percent of all the organized Council. was down to 44 percent. Ainong imposed wage controls. workers in Canada. "In spite of a massive campaign of unionists, only 38 percent believed In cities and towns across the More than 450,000 struck in the vilification and derision from newspa­ controls were "a good thing." These country-from St. John's, Newfound­ province of Ontario. Here as in most of per editorials and TV and radio figures also show, of course, that a lot land, to Victoria, British Columbia­ the country, the strike was strongest prophets of doom," Fox said, "in spite of education remains to be done. tens of thousands of unionists picket­ among the unions in basic industry, of legal obstructions and roadblocks of The success of October 14 has ed, marched, and rallied. especially steel, auto, and mining. every sort, in spite of tremendous legitimized mass demonstrations and One of the demonstrators here in More than 200 industrial plants in intimidation at the plant and shop strikes-regardless of whether they are Toront~ was Christine Nugent, a Bell Toronto were reported closed. At least level, in spite of governmental pres­ branded "illegal"-as a valid method Canada telephone operator. Why did half the city's 31,000 construction sures, we are here today-off the jobs of political struggle. she join the day of protest? workers struck. And 16,000 out of and in the streets." Top CLC leaders no doubt cherish "Many of us feel that the burden for 20,000 steelworkers in the metropolitan Fox was not exaggerating the scope hopes of reaching some compromise this economic crisis has been shifted to area were off the job. of the big-business campaign to sabo­ through negotiations with Trudeau. the backs of the workers," Nugent In the auto centers of Oshawa and tage the day of protest. For weeks "They can't afford any longer to have explained. "They are making the low­ Windsor, not a car or truck came off before October 14, government officials no dialogue with labor's leaders," Joe wage people pay while the rich are the assembly lines. and newspaper editorials had blasted Morris said after the strike. home free. In some of the smaller industrial the strike as "illegal" and "undemo­ But prospects for such an accommo­ "I think they should make the rich cities the day of protest truly took on cratic." dation seem dim. The sentiment of the pay," she said. "I think that's the the character of a general strike. One union ranks-and the public commit­ issue." example is Sudbury, a mining and Threats and intimidation ment of the labor officialdom-is for a Speakers at the Toronto rally-and manufacturing center 200 miles north Ontario public employees were threa­ continuing campaign of mass protest. at many others, no doubt-called the of Toronto. Sudbury is said to be the tened with fines of five days' pay, day of protest "historic," "a land­ most highly unionized city in Ontario. suspension, or possible firing if they Wide-ranging debate mark," "a watershed for the Canadian Sixteen thousand of the city's 35,000 joined the strike. Fear of reprisals was The call for October 14 opened up a labor movement." workers belong to United Steelworkers one important factor keeping most wide-ranging debate among all Cana­ They were right. Local 6500 at the giant International government workers on the job. dian unionists. Should they strike? October 14 was the first countrywide Nickel Company. Private employers threatened to sue Should they march? What is the real political strike in North American All twenty-four nickel and copper the unions for violating no-strike nature of the controls? How can they history. mines and steel works in Sudbury were clauses in their contracts. On the eve be defeated? It was the first such protest action to shut down tight on October 14. of the day of protest, the Ontario October 14 didn't end the debate, unite masses of English Canadian and In addition, every transit worker Labour Relations Board ruled on a test · either. It raised more questions. What Quebecois workers in a common strug­ walked out. Mail, milk, bread, and case involving the glass workers next? How can we bring out more gle. even beer deliveries were halted. Stores UnlOn. people next time? And why didn't more It was the high point of a year of were closed. The OLRB declared the strike "ille­ of those who stayed off the job join the rising militancy and politicalization of Half the school buses failed to run, gal" and warned that "persons in­ demonstrations? the Canadian working class. but many students were already fol­ volved in the work stoppage face all The question of political action is lowing their parents' example and the legal consequences that flow from decisive. The class polarization of Workers robbed boycetting classes. participation in an illegal strike." Canadian society is already leading to The day of protest was called by the Despite cold winds and snow flur­ Union officials-with their prestige a big increase in support for the NDP. Canadian Labour Congress to coincide ries, some 2,500 strikers marched and authority resting on success of the At the same time, unionists are with the first anniversary of the through downtown Sudbury. day of protest-were forced to respond discussing the need for the NDP to imposition of controls by Liberal Prime Here in Toronto, more than 10,000 in terms seldom heard from our U.S. adopt stronger prolabor positions, and Minister Pierre Trudeau. demonstrators marched around the "labor statesmen." how to keep NDP officeholders CLC President Joe Morris told dem­ provincial parliament building at "The trade union movement was not accountable to labor once they are onstrators here that in the past year Queen's Park, then rallied for an hour built by people passing laws," said the elected. Trudeau's so-called Anti-Inflation of speeches and labor songs. Canadian vice-president of the glass It's not a discussion for the union workers union. "It was built by strug­ tops alone. The ranks are gaining a gle." sense of their own power, and they CLC President Morris told the To­ have their own ideas. ronto rally that "citizens not only have Toronto demonstrators were asked, the right, but the duty to oppose unjust what comes next? government. We cannot and will not "Go out for a week." wait unt\1 the next election to show our "Same thing next month, I hope." opposition. The preservation of our "We've got to get everybody orga- democratic freedoms is at sta~e." nized to get everybody out." David Archer, president of the Onta­ "It's a matter of education." rio Federation of Labour, drew cheers "Come poll time, do your thing-get when he declared, "We intend to Trudeau out." defend the right of people to dissent!" "The political party, the labor party Archer also drew attention to the is the workingman's answer. Elect the social and political nature of the NDP." protest. "We're not just fighting for "The workers have to start organiz­ ourselves," he said. "We're not just ing amongst themselves and changing fighting for wages and working condi­ the leadership." tions. "Maybe some rotating strikes­ "We're protesting against a govern­ closing down a province at a time." ment action that deprives the people "I don't know, maybe a general who are even worse off than we are of strike." the benefits of this society. Here we One hand-lettered sign summed it have for the first time a group of trade up: "October 14 is just the first step of Labor <.n'"'"'"n" unionists downing their tools to protest a newborn Canadian baby-keep baby Toronto demonstrators from Canadian Union of Public Employees (CUPE) government legislation." alive."

8 halt. The province's ferry fleet was Montreal ~ with. only one ferry running on By Tony Thomas- the Sunshine Coast. MONTREAL-By noon on October Postal workers shut down the Van­ 14, more than 25,000 workers, students, couver Main Post Office. Most outside and other opponents of wage controls municipal employees stayed off the were marching up St. Hubert Street job, curtailing garbage collection. toward Lafontaine Park for a rally. The Amalgamated Transit Union Although the weather was chilly and had voted to close down the Vancouver rain fell sporadically during the bus system on the day of protest. march, the spirit of the demonstrators Then Robert Bonner, president of was militant. British Columbia Hydro and a former A soundtruck raised slogans that provincial attorney general, sent a were chanted by thousands of workers: threatening letter to every one of "A bas les lois Trudeau!" (Down with Hydro's 10,000 employees, who include the Trudeau laws, that is, wage con­ most of the bus drivers and mainte­ trols.) nance crews. "L'inflation, c'est les boss qui l'en­ Bonner's letter said that anyone who flent, c'est les boss qui la paieront!" failed to report for work was taking (It's the bosses who create inflation, part in an illegal work stoppage, and it's the bosses who will pay for it.) threatened reprisals against the union. "Contre la crise, le socialisme!" Under this pressure, a secret-ballot (Against the crisis, socialism.) vote reversed the decision to strike. "Dehors les contr6les!" (Out of the Nevertheless, picket lines halted bus controls, meaning that the provincial service at 4:30a.m. on October 14 Q.nd government should withdraw its sup­ kept transportation shut down for port.) most of the morning. · The soundtruck also played "Solidar­ Ten thousand . trade unionists and ity Forever" and the "Internationale." their supporters marched against wage In Quebec the day of protest against controls in downtown Vancouver. At wage controls was supported by all least twenty other demonstrations, three major union federations: the rallies, or protest meetings were held Federation des Travailleurs du Quebec throughout the province. (FTQ-Quebec Federation of Labor), Here in Vancouver, protesters began which is affiliated to the Canadian assembling at 8:00 a.m. at eight Labour Congress and the AFL-CIO; marshaling points around the city. the Confederation des Syndicats Natio­ They then marched to the IBM Tower naux (CSN-Confederation of Nation­ building, where the so-called Anti­ al Trade Unions); and the Centrale de Inflation Board has offices. l'Enseignement du Quebec (CEQ­ After circling the IBM Tower several Quebec Teachers Federation). times, demonstrators massed in the The leaders of the three federations Queen Elizabeth Theater Plaza to hear marched at the head of the Montreal speeches and sing labor songs. demonstration. 25,000 march in Montreal In addition to the union contingents, Union leaders later reported that the demonstration included members more than 230,000 workers struck were misled by the union tops. This, workers," she said. "The workers have of the New Democratic party; students against wage controls across Quebec. along with the government intimida­ to learn that if we're not there the from the University of British Colum­ They were joined, as in the Montreal tion found throughout Canada, helps capitalists are going to take advantage bia, Vancouver Vocational Institute, action, by thousands of students and account for their weak participation. of the situation. We have to stay in the and other colleges; the Gay Alliance members of women's, welfare rights, CEQ President Yvon Charbonneau streets." for Equality; and the Leonard Peltier consumer, and cooperative organiza­ told the Montreal rally, "We need a The challenge before the Quebec Defense Committee. tions. vast movement to bring the end of workers is whether they can carry the George Johnston, president of the Montreal had the largest number of controls. This will be a very hard fight logic of their big mobilizations forward British Columbia Federation of La­ strikers, although essential services ... the opening of a long struggle." and form their own party to fight for bour, hailed it as significant that like the post office and public transpor­ His speech and similar ones by other their demands in the political arena "thousands and thousands of trade tation were operating. Riot police broke union leaders got big cheers from the and in the streets. unionists affiliated to our federation up morning picket lines around the bus workers who stayed for the rally. are out today and are sacrificing a garages, but bus service was still less The union leaders offered few day's pay in the face of massive than 50 percent of normal. answers, however, to the question of campaigns of deception and intimida­ The steel industry was shut down how this long struggle would be won. tion by the media, by politicians, and This is especially true on the vital vancouver the most effectively, with the United by some employers." Steelworkers, an FTQ affiliate, pulling question of political action. ' By Harold Schlechtweg The rally ended with thousands of out 50,000 of its 70,000 Quebec There is no mass working-class VANCOUVER-More than 200,000 workers singing "Solidarity Forever." members. party in Quebec. Instead, workers and workers were off the job October 14 in The day after the strike, the Militant Auto workers shut down the big union leaders tend to support the Parti British Columbia, shutting down or interviewed Art Kube, CLC education General Motors plant at Ste. Therese Quebecois, a procapitalist, nationalist sharply curtailing most industry in the director and B.C. coordinator for the Quebec, as well as a number of other party. The PQ not only opposed the province. day of protest. plants. October 14 actions, but even attacked Overall, the B.C. strike . was the "I don't think there was a single Some industrial towns such as Sept­ the Liberal party government for not strongest in the country. All logging action in the history of Canadian labor lies, Thetford Mines, and Schefferville imposing controls sooner. and sawmill operations were at a that has politicized people as much as were shut down entirely. Many workers on the Montreal standstill. Twelve pulp and paper mills October 14," Kube said. "People are Many of the Montreal marchers were march favored getting rid of the were closed for the day. beginning to think for themselves. workers already on strike against their Liberal provincial government in Que­ All construction sites were shut "Workers in this country found out employers, including tens of thousands bec and electing the PQ. Asked how down. Most mines in southeast B.C. yesterday that they have power. I hope of FTQ construction workers. this would affect the wage controls, were closed; elsewhere mines were we don't have to do it again, but if we The sharpest clash of the day came since the PQ supports them, few had either shut down or operating at do, the next time around the support in Arvida, where 6,000 CSN members any answers. reduced capacity. will be stronger yet. One young woman from the Retail have been on strike against Alcan Six newspapers, including the Van­ "The establishment is shook up. Clerks union at the Steinberg super­ aluminum works for five months. couver Sun and the Province, failed to They are not willing to admit it, but in Three thousand strikers and their market chain had the right idea. "I publish. the boardrooms of this country, they families were attacked as they think we need a party of the Quebecois Harbor activity ground to a complete are shook up." marched through the streets of the town past the company's offices. Que­ bec provincial police waded into the "People at the rallies were espe­ demonstration with clubs and tear gas. cially interested in Labor Chal­ The cops followed this up with an 1,700 labol(hallcg lenge's proposals on what the union v.o•-••n,., oao»un.1m 2001"" attack on a CSN union hall that was movement should do next," Aust­ being used as a hospital for wounded demonstrators man said. strikers. The cops broke the windows on October 14 decided to read and tear gassed the headquarters. Labor Challenge and Liberation, Labor Challenge and Liberation The next day Montreal newspapers reflect the views of the League for Ill the revolutionary socialist news­ announced that the police had seized papers in Canada. Socialist Action/Ligue Socialiste all films and photographs of the at­ Ouvriere, Canadian section of the tacks. Fourth International. Subscribing to oat Altogether the strike pulled out You should tool them is your best way to keep up about one-third of the unionized with the developing labor upsurge in workers in Quebec. It was strongest in "The response was the best in our Canada and Quebec. experience," said Diana Austman, Oct.l4! the private sector, where the FTQ is concentrated. The turnout was lower in business manager for Labor Chal­ the CSN, which has many public lenge. Labor Challenge: English- A y-r of struggle against controls worke~, and minimal in the CEQ. The highest sales were 700 copies language biweekly. $1 for six issues. Special news and analy... pages 3-8 Only 1,400 Montreal teachers struck. of Labor Challenge in Vancouver, 25 Bulwer Street, Toronto, Ontario. Special 'day of protest' subscription offer There has been confusion and some 450 in Toronto, and 250 copies of Liberqtion: French-language demoralization among teachers and the French-language Liberation in monthly. $2 for one year. b. p. 641, other public, employees as a result of Montreal. ' succ. 'n', Montreal 129, Quebec. -::..-.~·! lr::~~~;:] recent strikes and negotiations that

THE MILITANT/OCTOBE~ 29, 1976 9 In Our Opinion Letters

[In the final weeks of the elec­ I would appreciate it very much if Vote Raza Unida ... tion campaign more people than you could send to me whatever The Militant urges our readers in Texas, New Mexico, ever are finding out about the literature you might have which would California, and Colorado to vote for the Raza U nida party Camejo-Reid slate. Many of them explain your party's ideals. candidates listed on page 18. The- Raza Unida parties are are writing to find out more about New York, New York the socialist alternative and to fighting to build an alternative to the twin parties of racist express their backing for what the _ deportations, exploitation of farm workers, and all forms of socialists are saying. The Socialist oppression of the Chicano people. Workers 1976 National Campaign Enjoyed 'Prospects' These independent Chicano parties are setting an example Committee released to the Militant I read Prospects for Socialism in that can help inspire the next vital _steps toward independent a sample of these letters, which we America and enjoyed it very much. political action by the trade unions and the Black community. are printing in place of our regular Could I have more information about The Socialist Workers party and the Raza Unida parties are letters to the editor.] the SWP and Young Socialist running for some of the same offices. In those cases two voices Alliance? I am particularly impressed with the have opposed the Democratic and Republican parties and SWP because you are really the only supported independent Chicano political action. Two voices So true, so true advocate for putting an end to have been heard on behalf of freedom, justice, and equality for Saw you on the "Tomorrow" show government harassment. the oppressed and exploited. with Tom Snyder. Everything you said Mena, Arkansas Where SWP candidates are running, we of course urge a vote was so true, so true. for them. For other offices we urge a vote for the candidates of I am one of the millions who are disgusted and fed up with those liars the RUP. We will view the votes for all Raza Unida candidates and cheats in politics. We sure do need Ballot laws absurd! as votes for independent Chicano political action, as votes a change. Are you on the ballot in against the policies of the Democratic and Republican parties. New York, New York Pennsylvania? The ballot petition laws are absurd! What are your positions regarding jobs, education, the Outraged environment? ... and for ERA I have just watched your candidate Lemoyne, Pennsylvania We also urge a "yes" vote on Question 1 on the Massachusetts for the presidency, Peter Camejo, on ballot. Question 1 would add an Equal Rights Amendment to the "Tomorrow" show. I can honestly the state constitution, barring sex and race discrimination. say that it was the first time a Great effect Opponents of this measure include STOP ERA, the anti­ "politician" (if I should call him that) I have distributed a few hundred discussed the issues that really matter copies of your platform, "A Bill of abortion Massachusetts Citizens for Life, and leaders of the to the American people. antibusing organization ROAR. Rights for Working People,'' and they If only half of the statements I heard have had a great effect on the students In Colorado, we urge a "no" vote on Proposition 6, which tonight are true, that would still be here. I have won one subscriber to the would repeal the state ERA. enough to make me outraged at the Militant and there are other people Victories for equal rights in both states will be a powerful amount of information hidden from who may decide to subscribe. boost to the nationwide drive to ratify the federal ERA. the population. I have no reason to I am actively campaigning for Mr. disbelieve anything that was said, Camejo and getting the socialist word though. It follows my impression of tl: around-opposition is not too great. mass media and the two major Santa Rosa, New Mexico political parties. The real terrorists The more I learn, the more outraget The October 6 killing of seventy-three human beings in a I become. Interested in third party Cuban airliner blown out of the sky was revolting, cold-blooded New Brunswick, New Jersey I would like to have some murder. information on the Socialist Workers party and its presidential candidate, Just as revolting was the hypocrisy of the big-business press, Peter Camejo. I saw a program on which at first found the event hardly worth noting, then tried to Endorses SWP ticket television about third party candidates cover up what had happened. Although I am only fifteen, I have on which Mr. Camejo appeared. I was Most incredible was the Christian Science Monitor. After been fighting racism and pollution. I interested to find out about some of counterrevolutionary Cuban exiles had claimed credit for have read your literature and I am a these candidates other than the two blowing up the plane and after some of the killers were already subscriber to the Militant. I endorse major parties' contenders. under arrest, the Monitor said, "It is far from certain foul play the Camejo-Reid ticket. Fairview, West Virginia was involved." , I would like more information on the Compare that with the self-righteous denunciations from Socialist Workers party's stand on pollution and crime and how you capitalist politicians and news media when groups of misguided intend to solve these problems. Send it! Palestinians have hijacked planes. Although most frequently Baltimore, Maryland Yes, send Peter Camejo's speech, the hijackers try to safeguard human lives, all the papers "The Profit System: Root of America's scream bloody murder from page one headlines. And their Crisis," as advertised in the Militant. editorials call for crackdowns on a fictitious "terrorist interna­ Southport, Connecticut tional." Enjoyed Camejo's speech The killers who blew up the Cuban airliner are fne real Please send me a copy of the speecl: given by Peter Camejo in New York. I terrorist international. It is a terrorist international the U.S. would like to read it and let some of my Very interested government put together beginning in 1959 to carry out family and friends read it too. I am very interested in the Socialist imperialism's war against the Cuban revolution. I heard Camejo speak in Richmond Workers party presidential campaign. Today a few of the operatives of this international are under and really enjoyed it. After reading a copy of your election arrest in two Latin American countries. They've confessed Richmond, Virginia platform, "A Bill of Rights for Working bombing the Cuban airliner. Other evidence has linked them to People," I would like to order a copy of scores of plots, including last month's assassination of Chilean Feminism and Socialism and an "ERA exile Orlando Letelier in Washington, D.C. in '76" button. Also, send a copy of the SWP in the 'Nation' pamphlet "Why Can't Everyone Have Henry Kissinger declared "categorically" that no one in the I read of your organization in a a Job?" U.S. government had links with these terrorists. Yet some of recent edition of the Nation. Would you Bethlehem, J(ennsylvania them were trained by the CIA. Their chief, Orlando Bosch, please send me some information on headed up several CIA operations against Cuba in the 1960s. how I might subscribe to the Militant? The government now claims it wants Bosch extradited to the Also, send information on how to join Interested United States for parole violation. Yet since Bosch violated your organization. I am interested in politics. I am parole and went underground in 1974, the government has Kokomo, Indiana eleven years old. repeatedly refused to bring him here. An official Justice I Is the Socialist Workers party going to run anybody for president in the Department statement insisted, "Justice is better served by election in November? If so, would you keeping him out." So Bosch has been free to continue his Had it with the Dems send me information on them and their terrorism. Moreover, Bosch's gangs operate with impunity in For the past twenty years I have button? Also, send me information on this country. been a registered Democrat. Each year the party. Cuban leader Fidel Castro charged "the CIA directly I have found it more and more difficult Princeton, New Jersey participated" in the airplane bombing and eight other attacks to· find a candidate, in any party, for since last April. whom I could vote with good If tHe U.S. government wants to prove otherwise, it could conscience. In recent years, impossible. I have decided, therefore, to try to easily do so. find a party which represents my Send buttons Indict and jail the terrorists. interests, desires, ideals, and goals; While in Washington, D.C., for the Open all CIA files, to let the American people see whether it something which the Democratic party People's Bicentennial Commission's organized the latest outrage. no longer does. rally July 4, I bought one of your

10 buttons, "Human Needs Before out of school and earning a living, the information on the SWP and on Peter coalition campaign this year. Profits." Our "store," which is a food arguments for the Socialist Workers Camejo so I can pass it out to my Nevertheless, the SWP is our best co-op, would like to buy ten of these party are all the more powerful. friends? Could you also send me a hope and has prepared an excellent buttons to sell here. Also send some Please send me a sample of available Camejo button so I can openly show platform and beautiful blueprint for information about your party that we SWP literature and other material who I am for? making America what it should be. can giVe away. which I can purchase to advance the Springfield, Massachusetts Jackson Heights, New York Fresno, California SWP campaign here in northern Michigan. Linden, Michigan Very impressed Send Carter fact sheet Curious to know more I recently saw Mr. Peter Camejo on a Please send me what you can. I am I have recently read a small amount television program, "Black Perspective confused as to what America is and of literature about the Socialist Will distribute lit on the News," and was very impressed. stands for. The publication about Workers party. The information I Enclosed is my contribution to the I knew of Mr. Camejo but had not been Carter interests me. I would like to learned is interesting and I am curious Socialist Workers 1976 National able to see him in person. And we all read a copy. Also, tell me how to vote to know more about socialists and Campaign in the amount of $25. I have know that the news media have for your man and I will do so. their ideas. enclosed an additional check for $10. shorted him as far as coverage is St. Louis, Missouri Silver Spring, Maryland Please send as many copies of your concerned. campaign platform, "A Bill of Rights I am presently incarcerated, for Working People," as this amount primarily for my socialist views. I feel will cover. I want to distribute them in the power structure of this country to Fresh outlook On ballot in S.D.? my area and hopefully secure support be corrupt and in need of vast change, I heard your man speak on Will the SWP be on the South for Camejo and Reid in the November change that I feel the socialist doctrine "Morning Exchange" in Cleveland. (I Dakota ballot in November? Have election. can help bring about. didn't hear his name.) He was so well enough signatures been gathered? If I Corinth, Mississippi Ohio informed, he truly impressed my can help let me know. husband and myself. I only wish his Sioux Falls, South Dakota plans for the United States could come to pass for the good of all workers. Socialism, huh? Not in vain We are not too impressed with either After viewing "Black Perspective on I enjoyed Peter Camejo's zealous Ford or Carter. We like your fresh Send more info the News," I decided the booklet you presentation on "Black Perspective on outlook and plans. We are also This is the first time I have ever advertised would be interesting to the News." I don't agree 100 percent interested in learning more of the facts heard of the Socialist Workers party. have. Since I am not voting Democrat with what he said, but I do believe in about Carter that have been kept from But after reading your campaign or Republican (for obvious reasons), I the democratic (not to be construed most of us. platform, "A Bill of Rights for Working would like to learn more of your unique with Democratic party) process. Vermilion, Ohio People," I knew I had to find out more. and seemingly logical approach to the Even if your party does not win, you This is exactly what I have been running of our government. Socialism, make the other guys (Republicans and discussing with my wife for the past huh? Maybe I'll give it a try. Democrats) work harder. five years (at least). Savannah, Georgia Your labor is not in vain. Your It sounds almost unbelievable. But criticisms against the present regime I'm sure it can be accomplished. Our call for better government. Hopefully, present Bill of Rights has to be we will get it. changed, no question about that. A contribution Springfield, Illinois Pleased enough to vote San Antonio, Texas I know you will accept this I happened to watch "Black contribution of $200 in the spirit in Perspective on the News" the other which it is given, in relentless enmity day, and I was very pleased with the toward the bastards who run this Delighted views of your candidate for president. I Running in Oregon? country. I wish I could afford more I am a fifteen-year-old student in the was pleased enough to go out and Send me a list of the 1976 state and now. Maybe by the end of the month. staunchly conservative city, register to vote for the first time! local SWP candidates. Will the SWP be Northampton, Massachusetts Jacksonville, Florida. For more than I would appreciate knowing what entering a slate in the Oregon two years I have been a dedicated candidates the party endorses, what elections? Marxist, and I have wanted to find propositions, etc., and what I may do SalPm, Oregon some organization that had views to help the cause. Party of conviction similar to mine. Santa Ana, California Recently on the television program I watched a Public Broadcasting "Black Perspective on the News," I Service televised program about Peter The only one witnessed an interview with your Camejo. I was delighted, and I would I'm seeking information about the presidential candidate. Unfortunately, desperately like to find out more about Voters fed up Socialist Workers party. My comrades I am unfamiliar with your party. this party and about subscribing to a The election grows nearer and people and I have taken an interest in your However, I find many of his newspaper. are more fed up. I wish your party since viewing Willie Mae Reid on statements concerning racism, the Jacksonville, Florida candidates the best of luck in television here in this prison. CIA, the FBI, and government educating voters about the stupidity of At the present time, we consider your corruption very compatible with my our two-party system. organization the only one in the 'ideas. Morgantown, West Virginia interest of the people. Your party strikes me as a party of Viable alternative Tennessee conviction, socialist philosophy, and This year I am looking for a racial equality. I sincerely believe in candidate who can address the major this and would like to extend my issues of this campaign. Most major support. party candidates have been to Camejo on TV Send literature Myrtle Beaf!h, South Carolina Indianapolis and sidestepped every I enjoyed your appearance on the Enclosed is a check for three dollars. issue. "Tomorrow" show wholeheartedly. Please send me some campaign In 1972 I found the SWP a viable Your views should be studied by every literature. alternative to both major parties. poor and hard-working person, simply My daughter is a member of the Stimulating Therefore, I am writing to obtain because it puts human need ahead of Young Socialist Alliance. I've been I just happened to catch the tailend campaign material to distribute among profit. Send me_ any and all reading the Militant for three years, of Mr. Peter Camejo's appearance on my friends and fellow workers. information you can spare about your and I want to help spread socialist "Black Perspective on the News," but Indianapolis, Indiana party. ideas. those few minutes were infinitely more (Next time try to get on an earlier Perryapolis, Pennsylvania rewarding and stimulating than the show. I was late for work!) ninety-minute insult of political prattle Brooklyn, New York aired the previous night during an Excellent platform alleged "Great Debate." I'm sitting here feeling ill as I watch Sick of two parties I would very much appreciate it if Jimmy Carter being nominated. Will you please send me information you would please send me your Sending you the enclosed check is the on the Socialist Workers party? Both Prospects for Socialism in America. best way I know to remedy the illness! major parties make me sick to my Asheville, North Carolina I don't completely agree with you in stomach. I am a believer in aocialism ruling out support for a candidate of a and am looking for ways to express my major party if he or she offers a support for it. progressive alternative. Pensacola, Florida An honest candidate As a Jewish socialist, I recognize the The letters column is an open After reading some information on great injustice done to the Palestinian forum for all viewpoints on sub­ Peter Camejo, I can see why he would people and criticize the Israeli jects of general interest to our make a great president. Many people government's reactionary actions and readers. Please keep your letters Powerful arguments around me will not vote for Ford or policies; but I think your rhetoric tends brief. Where necessary they will In 1972, as a student, I had the Carter. I hope Mr. Camejo will be on to one-sidedly ignore the history and be abridged. Please indicate if pleasure of supporting the Socialist the· ballot in my state. He is the only stake of Jewish people in that. land. your name may be used or if you Workers party and Linda Jenness's honest candidate to vote for. It is sad that the left is not strong prefer that your initials be used campaign for president. Now that! am Could you please send me some and united enough to run a broad instead.

THE MILITANT/OCTOBER 2~, 1976 11 The Great Society Harry Ring

The silver lining-Asked if he people get a kick out of running down blocked, your hands shake and your regretted the $2.2 million he donated to pedestrians, you have to let them do it. working efficiency is lowered when you Nixon presidential campaigns, Chica­ This is the sort of challenge that pricks breath someone else's cigarette go insurance operator W. Clement the person's mind a bit." smoke."-Dr. James White, who con­ Stone· responded: "No. I'm not sorry. ducted psychomotor tests at the Uni­ I'm glad I gave to Nixon. Watergate Like getting your bill corrected­ versity of California, San Diego. was good for the country. It allowed us The American Express newsletter to to define the standards of public moral­ credit card holders explains how to get ity." your government dossiers under the Freedom of Information Act. It adds Plebeian living-The following is that if you can't get them to correct from a Los Angeles Times column, A mind-pricker-A' new computer­ any misinformation, "You will be "Mind Your Money": "Q. We just ized game called "Death Race" pits allowed to add a statement giving your bought a $65,000 condominium. Now I speeding cars against pedestrians. The version of the event. This will become find the owners' association makes object is to see how many you can run a permanent part of your file." Joseph Farris regulations I didn't foresee .... A. over. With each hit the machine emits 'The Great Society-did it come and go, When you buy into a condominium you a shrieking sound similar to the yell of Thought for the week-"Your is it yet to come, was it just talk, or are buying into a little slice of partici­ a child. The manufacturer says: "If heart speeds up, your breath is what?' patory democracy . . . . " Women in Revolt Cindy Jaquith The realistic alternative in '76 KANSAS CITY, Kans.-"Women, their rights others said they already subscribe. turned the tide of public sentiment in favor of and nothing less!" was part of a slogan on the But a lot of women in NOW are confused about women's rights that the senators and congressmen masthead of the nineteenth century suffragist the elections. They feel that no matter how bad had to sit up and take notice. newspaper, the Revolution. Carter is, he must be a "lesser evil" than Ford. Those leaders of NOW who say it's more "realis­ The slogan comes to mind again today in Some leaders of NOW are arguing that while tic" to concentrate now on putting Carter in the discussing the presidential election and the disgust feminists shouldn't endorse Carter outright, they White House must answer a few questions. Is a vote most feminists feel toward Gerald Ford and Jimmy should campaign around the slogan "defeat Ford." for Carter "realistic" for the 300,000 women who get Carter. This "negative campaigning,", they point out, is abortions through Medicaid each year? Carter While here attending the National By-Laws what some suffragists did in 1914 and 1916. At that favors cutting off the funds. Is it "realistic" for the Conference of the National Organization for time, one wing of the suffrage movement cam­ millions of working mothers who cannot find Women (NOW), I talked with many women about paigned to defeat Democrats at the polls, .because adequate day care? Carter supports the cutbacks in the 1976 candidates. Democratic President Woodrow Wilson opposed child care. NOW members are enraged at the anti-abortion women's right to vote. The realistic thing for feminists to do in this crusades both Ford and Carter have waged. election is oppose the candidates of the racist, sexist Hundreds of women in NOW joined in the abortion Negative campaigning may have been effective in Democratic and Republican parties. Like the rights demonstrations at the Carter-Ford debates in exposing the antiwoman program of the Democratic suffragists, our goal should be our rights and San Francisco and Philadelphia. party, but it misled women by telling them to put nothing less. And, like the suffragists, we need a their faith in the other capitalist party, the massive, independent women's movement to win Carter's and Ford's antiwoman platforms have Republicans. those rights. convinced a good number of feminists to vote for a The election strategy was unsuccessful. As long Women don't have to slink into the polls on ticket that does support women's liberation: the as the suffragists were out campaigning for one of November 2 and apologetically cast their votes for Socialist Workers party campaign of Peter Camejo the two capitalist parties, they were no threat to the the candidate of "ethnic purity" and an end to and Willie Mae Reid. Twenty-eight women at the men in office-and suffrage did not pass. It was legal abortion. They can pull the lever for a party NOW conference bought subscriptions to the when women organized marches of thousands, that is fighting for the rights of women, Blacks, and socialist campaign newspaper, the Militant. Many picketed the White House day and night, and thus · all.working people-the Socialist Workers party. La Lucha Puertorriqueiia Catarino Garza Why we need independent candidates [The following guest column is by Juan this year. struggle against the war in Vietnam to today's Rodriguez, a- member of the Broadway branch On November 2, Puerto Ricans and other minori­ marches against cutbacks. And it makes no sense to . ·of the Socialist Workers party in Newark.] ties will once again have to choose between go around protesting 364 days a year and then turn candidates of the parties that represent the ruling around on election day to put the parties responsi­ On September 18 forty people attended the mini­ rich in almost every contest. ble for the oppressive policies back in office. convention of El Congreso Boricua de Nueva Jersey For the small percentage that vote, most are The question before the Congreso boils down to (Puerto Rican Congress of New Jersey) in Newark. likely to choose the "lesser evil," a Democrat. The this-are we going to organize ourselves independ­ The Congreso is a statewide organization that Democratic party remains an evil. It does not really ently or continue trusting the Democrats and coordinates government-funded Hispanic poverty represent Puerto Ricans, Blacks, and other op­ Republicans to solve the problems they created? agencies and direct~ services to the Puerto Rican pressed people. The fact is we've had to organize, demonstrate, community. / The two-party system (Democrats ,and Republi­ and protest to win things like bilingual education, The mini-convention screened resolutions to be cans) is the way the capitalist ruling class main­ to stop cutbacks, and to get higher pay. presented to the state convention of the Congreso tains its monopoly over the country's political life. Independent Puerto Rican candidates would be October 23-24. An interesting discussion took place The Democratic and Republican candidates are the extension of those kinds of struggles iitto the at the Newark meeting. It centered on a resolution equally committed to preserving the capitalist elections. Our candidates could be leaders and that said Pueito Ricans should run their own system, which means war, racism, unemployment, activists in the struggles, people who would popu­ candidates independent of the Democratic and and cutbacks. larize our demands and rally the community around Republican parties. It was a Democratic president who ordered the them. .After,. the discussion, the meeting adopted the atom bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. It was To continue supporting Democrats or Republicans resolution in support of independent candidates. Democratic presidents who led the country into is to miseducate our people, demobilize them, tell The question will come up again at the statewide World War I, World War II, the Korean War, and them to trust someone else to solve our problems convention. the Vietnam War. and represent our interests. We've tried this in the The discussion that has begun is an excellent one. Puerto Ricans have been involved in many past, and conditions have only gotten worse in our It lays the basis for future independent political protests against the bipartisan policies of the communities. There's no reason to expect it would action, although it comes too late to be implemented Democratic and Republican parties-from the work any better in the future. 12 ... why you should vote Socialist Workers Continued from page 1 word in defense of Black rights, which and full support. Will he be on the desegregation and busing, Chicanos education for all; for adequate health are under attack across the land. ballot in Arkansas?" fighting deportations and to control and medical care for the aged. Blacks were not mentioned by either The answer to that question is no. their own destiny, unionists fighting No other party has this program. candidate in the first debate. Both The SWP is barred from the ballot in for living wages and democracy in the This special issue of the Militant Ford and Carter oppose busing. They Nebraska, Arkansas, Missouri, and unions-you name it-only we our­ devotes seventeen pages to news about have no solutions for the more than twenty other states, including Georgia. selves, fighting on our own, can win the 1976 elections, the activities of twenty.five million Americans who Yet these letters and the hundreds of gains. socialists across the country, and the live in poverty. others that are pouring in are the Militant readers know that this idea responses to the SWP C!lmpaign from Carter and Ford oppose the right of honest voice of American working is central to the Socialist Workers old and new supporters. women to abortion and have spurred people. Working people do not have campaign. Everywhere our candidates There are significant developments an attack on this right in their cam­ their own representatives in govern­ are running they are part of and trying in this election year. According to the paigns. ment; their needs and opinions are not to help struggles for justice, and they polls, a record seventy million voters Carter and Ford favor the reinstitu­ represented. raise issues and ideas that will ad­ will stay away from the ballot boxes. tion of capital punishment. Carter The capitalists' attempt to keep the vance these struggles. Just this week, the Daily News signed the Georgia death penalty law situation this way also goes beyond An important part of this campaign reports in New York that "there are upheld by the Supreme Court. legal and media arenas. are the eight teams of youth campaign more than twice as many voters who Workers have been engaged in key supporters touring campuses across believe the nation is on the wrong strike struggles in rubber and at Ford Government harassment the country. In addition, nine national track than there are those who have Motors during the campaign. Carter The Socialist Workers suit against youth coordinators of the Socialist faith that it is moving in the right avoids the picket lines, with Henry the government has produced more Workers campaign have also been direction." Ford II being one of his early backers. evidence of how the capitalists seek to speaking on college campuses. These people are sick and tired of preserve their rule-through all sorts They have found wide interest and capitalist politics and they see no point Foreign policy of illegal means, including spying and generated discussion about the SWP in at all to voting for Gerald Ford or The Democratic and Republican burglaries. addition to selling hundreds of copies Jimmy Carter. presidential candidates agree on the ·some have asked why the FBI spent of the Militant and distributing the Yet there are many who are disgust­ crucial questions of U.S. foreign policy. so much effort over so many years to campaign program, "A Bill of Rights ed with Carter's campaign but who U.S. imperialism politically backs, obstruct the SWP. The answer is easy. for Working People," and copies of the still plan to vote for the Democrats as arms, and finances scores of police The SWP tells the truth about what campaign's fact sheet on Jimmy Car­ a "lesser evil." dictatorships around the globe. working· people need in this country ter. Of hundreds of examples that could Washington is the main supporter of and how to get it. This truth is The SWP campaign is winning be cited is a column by Don Robertson South Africa with its hated apartheid intolerable to a system that is founded significant endorsement from leading of the Cleveland Press. oppression. During the Soweto killings on exploiting working people. activists, especially among Chicanos. To Robertson, "it is utterly incompre­ of B!ack youths in the midst of the The concept that the Democratic and hensible that . . . the political system elections, Carter and Ford remained Republican parties are the "majority" Labor party scrapes up a Gerald R. Ford and a silent. parties and that the only choice is Ultimately, we think, working people Jimmy Carter and tells us: These are Only last week U .S.-supported gener­ between these two evils is consequent­ must build a mass party of their own. the best." als opened their machine guns on ly founded on a whole buttress of Paula Reimers, the SWP's candidate Robertson attacks the concept that students in Thailand. Carter and Ford phony campaigns, intimidation, a for U.S. Senate from Michigan, spells you should still vote for Carter because remained silent. controlled media, and a legal system it out in a speech printed on page 24. he is a little bit less evil than Ford. The ruling parties go to great poised against independent parties We just add here that it should be "That's like saying: Well, suppose lengths to maintain their monopoly on and candidates. obvious what a great step forward the Hitler ran for President against Jack the electoral system and on the media The truth is that these two parties formation of a labor party would be. A the Ripper. We'd be obliged to vote for itself. are minority parties representing only fighting party that speaks for the real Jack the Ripper because Hitler has They erect immense legal obstacles the tiny fraction of people who own needs of working people, every day, larger murder statistics." to independent parties and candidates banks and industry. · everywhere. That would stand to "Still," says Robertson, "I am going getting on the ballot. They make every Voting for them is voting for their shame the corrupt, dishonest, and to summon the energy to go vote, even effort to legally institutionalize Demo­ system· of minority rule. visionless capitalist parties that rule though I'll be holding a clothespin to cratic and Republican access to TV But there is more to the vote No­ America today. my nose. And my vote will be cast for time without allowing any alternative vember 2. When you pull the lever for the SWP Jimmy Carter." views to be heard. . November 2, consequently, you're not There are still millions like Robert­ They fear correctly that a real debate Independent action only rejecting the capitalist politics of son who believe that somehow the with representatives of working people Socialists believe that America can Ford and Carter. You're saying, "I'm Democratic party is better for working would expose the fact that Ford and only be changed for the better if people for the bright future when working people than the Republicans. Carter only represent the rich. struggle for the change. The crucial people themselves run society." And It is not. The Federal Communications Com­ element is organizing politically inde­ you're taking a big step in that The only way the Democrats have mission and the courts rejected Peter pendently "of the capitalists' parties to direction yourself. ever brought more jobs in the United Camejo and Willie Mae Reid's plea for achieve our own ends. If you would like to go one step States is by going to war. equal time in the "Great Debates." Women fighting for abortion rights further and join us, fill out the coupon Franklin Roosevelt-World War II. Ford and Carter,· Dole and Mondale, and the ERA, Blacks fighting for below. Harry Truman-Korea. met each other in a sanitized atmos­ John Kennedy and Lyndon phere heavily guarded against oppos­ Johnson-Vietnam. ing views. War spending and mass murder One recent example helps explain abroad is the only Democratic party why the)' fear giving equal time to formula for providing jobs. their opponents. Jimmy Carter himself insists that he As a result of an equal-time suit is not a "big spender," that he will against NBC, Peter Camejo appeared Join "balance the budget by 1980," and that on the nationally televised "Tomor­ he is "against big government." All of row" show for a half hour at 1:30 a.m., these are code words for cutting October 14. government spending for human By Tuesday, October 19, more than needs. 2,100 letters had come into the SWP the ) campaign headquarters from those Same program who were moved by what Camejo said, Carter will continue the same pro­ who wanted to help the socialist gram of slashing health, education, campaign, or who wanted more infor­ and welfare expenditures that the mation. They gave $2,177 and 629 SWP · Nixon and Ford administrations have requested introductory Militant sub­ launched on a federal level-and that scriptions. Carter's colleagues in the Democratic "Enclosed is a $1.00 donation for city administrations of New York, your fight for honest American gov­ Detroit, and San Francisco are also ernment," said a letter from Fairview, The best way you can help build toward a socialist America is to join the carrying out. Pennsylvania. Socialist Workers party. Fill out the coupon and send it in right away! But we In the first debate, with one-and-a­ · "I'm sending $2.00. I wish I could also urgently need financial help-to answer the hundreds of letters, to spread half hours supposedly on the question send a thousand! But I'm just an aide our ideas, and to pay for the election campaign. Any amount will be of economic policy, Carter did not at the hospital here and can just get by appreciated. Make checks payable to the Socialist Workers 1976 National mention one single concrete proposal on my wages," said a writer from Campaign Committee, 14 Charles Lane, New York, New York 10014. for bringing jobs. Oshkosh, Nebraska. 0 Enclosed is my contribution of $______The capitalists make every attempt From Brentwood, Missouri: "My first 0 Please send me more information. to persuade people that the Democratic election and I am worried. Surely I 0 I would like to join the SWP. and Republican parties are the only must have another choice. Please send Name ______street------choices. Then they narrow down to me information on your party." City ______State ______Zip personality questions and style the From Little Rock, Arkansas: "After differenc~s between the Democratic having listened to Jimmy Carter and Occupation ______Business address ______and Republican candidates. Jerry Ford on several occasions, I had Both Ford and Carter have taken decided simply not to vote in the A copy of our report is on file with the Federal Election Commission and is available for purchase similar stands on the most crucial election this year. Last night, however, from the Federal Election Commission. Washington. D.C. Chairperson. Linda Jenness; treasurer. issues facing Americans. after hearing Mr. Peter Camejo I Arthur Hughes. Carter and Ford have said not one changed my mind. He has got my vote

THE MILITANT/OCTOBER 29, 1976 open," said Vega. "They signed our petitions right Many of the students were too young to have

away." _-< ... : __,, .., 1 _ .. participated in the anti-Vietnam_ War movement. The campaign committee is also sponsoring : B~t they understood .the 'lessons from Vietnam, SOCIAIIIR discussions on socialism every Tuesday night for Singler said. Students easily recognized the role the community residents. United States plays internationally. "When someone calls in to find out about our When she ran for public office before, Singler says campaign that they might have heard about in the she found that students doubted that a socialist ERS media or during petitioning," said Katherine could be qualified for office. Now they listen with a Sojourner, Garza's campaign manager, "we invite new respect. them to these weekly discussion groups to find out Singler herself has been active in struggles to more about what socialists do. One of the nights we change this society for more than fifteen years. PAIGI had a slide show of the antiwar demonstrations." In the 1960s she was part of the civil rights Garza's role as a plaintiff in the SWP's $40 movement. She protested segregated facilities in million suit against government spying has drawn Detroit. In 1962 she worked in Albany, Georgia, attention from the media. For example, El Diario-La with Julian Bond and Andrew Young as part of Prensa, the main New York Spanish-language Martin Luther King's movement in that city. Catari no Garza daily, printed a major article in its September 21 A few years later Singler helped organize public U.S. Congress issue on the Justice Department's recent order meetings for Malcolm X. telling the FBI to stop spying on the SWP. During the antiwar movement Singler was a District 18 El Diario said Garza pointed out that the directive leader of the Student Mobilization Committee to New York will help "students and organizations, including End the War. In particular, she helped organize GI Black, Chicano, and women's groups, in demanding particip~tion in antiwar marches and efforts to win that 'the files of the FBI and CIA be opened.... "' civil liberties for antiwar soldiers. Garza is also campaigning on the other side of Singler has also been an active feminist. She town. The Eighteenth Congressional District en­ worked for abortion rights in the early 1970s and compasses Chelsea, an area on Manhattan's West has taken part in recent actions to win the Equal Side. Campaign supporters there gathered 6,140 Rights Amendment. signatures during the summer ballot drive. "I think the students view my experiences as Caryl Loeb coordinates campaign activities in valid credentials for holding office," Singler said. MilitanVSusan Ellis that area out of a campaign headquarters on West In the last weeks before the election Singler is Twenty-fourth Street. "We've been out campaigning scheduled to speak in twenty more cities, including and selling Militant subscriptions every weekend," Sandusky, Akron, and Canton. By Mary Wismer she reported. "We get a very friendly response. Singler will debate the Democratic candidate for NEW YORK-"Everywhere we are, Catarino Every day people drop into our office to find out Senate, Howard Metzenbaum, at Cleveland State Garza is there," a member of El Nuevo Jibaro Club about the campaign." University October 18. said .recently. El Nuevo Jibaro is a Puerto Rican There is a stand with free campaign literature on And on October 29 Singler will debate both the reform Democratic party club in Manhattan's the street outside. "This includes our fact sheet on Democratic and Republican candidates at the Lower East Side. Its members have been debating Jimmy Carter, which has been particularly popular Cleveland City Club. who to endorse for U. S. Congress from the after the debates," Loeb said. Eighteenth District. Chelsea has a full schedule of activities planned Garza's popularity is shown by the endorsement for Garza in the last days of the campaign. "Garza of his campaign by leading Lower East Side will be talking to workers in the garment district. community activists. (See box on this page.) He has an interview set up with the Gramercy El Nuevo Jibaro Club put off formal discussion of Herald. And he'll be speaking at a Chelsea Mac Warren the Garza campaign until after last month's campaign rally on October 23. U.S. Congress Democratic party primaries. Garza is scheduled to "We want to reach as many people as possible address the club's next membership meeting. with the news of the socialist campaign," Loeb District 9 Already several members are supporting him. said. "We intend to turn the streets of Chelsea Massachusetts orange with posters. Garza's bright orange cam­ paign poster reads, 'jEducaci6n Bilingiie Bicultural! Es Nuestro Derecho' (Bilingual, bicultural educa­ Garza' tion is our right).'" ·voteFollowing are excerpts from a letter by prominent community activists in New York's Lower East Side urging a vote for Catarino Garza: Singler Dear Friend: Melissa Singler By Robb Wright "We urge you to vote for Catarino BOSTON-Desegregation, busing, and an end to Garza for Congress in the 18th Congres­ U.S. Senate Ohio racist violence are the crucial issues for Black sional District. voters of the Roxbury section of this city. James "Garza, a bilingual teacher, was born "Mac" Warren of the Socialist Workers party is in El Barrio in New York; he is a veteran running for Congress from the Ninth Congressional socialist and longtime activist in the District to challenge Boston's racists on these Puerto Rican community. Issues. "Some of the signers of this letter do The Ninth Congressional District is gerryman­ not necessarily agree with all the posi­ dered. It includes not only Roxbury, but also the tions of the Socialist Workers Party. racist strongholds of East Boston and South !However, we believe that Garza should Boston. Consequently the Black community is be supported as a positive alternative to supposed to be represented in Congress by Demo­ the policies of the Democratic, Republi­ crat Joe Moakley, who is a major antibusing figure. can and Conservative candidates in this Opposition to Moakley is widespread. Several key District." By Brad Kahn leaders in Boston's desegregation movement have Signers of the letter include: Elizabeth CLEVELAND-Melissa Singler is the Socialist endorsed Warren. They include Ellen Jackson, Colon, member of Community School Workers party candidate for U.S. Senate from Ohio. director of the Freedom House Institute, and Ruth Board, District One; Carmelo Diaz, Singler has crisscrossed the state, visiting the Batson, director of the Crisis Intervention Teams, member of Community School Board, major industrial cities: Cleveland, Cincinnati, which have monitored school desegregation the District One, Lower East Side United Toledo, Columbus, Dayton, and Youngstown. past two years. Jackson and Batson hosted a fund­ Democrats, Transport Workers Union; Singler's campaign has introduced the SWP raising cocktail party for Warren on October 17. Rev. Eric Snyder and Jean Snyder, program to many. A steelworkers union local, for At a recent meeting of the Coordinated Social Lower East Side residents; and Jesiis example, has invited Singler to its candidates' Services Council, Jackson said, "Mac has played a Sanchez, editor of Hunter Envoy, Hunter night. very active and important role in the desegregation College. The Cincinnati Post ran the headline "This situation in this city over the past couple of years. I Senate candidate is running. to mak~ Socialist views think Mac deserves and needs the community's known.'' The Post -wrote: support in this election." "The primary·goal of the SWP ... is to 'change Warren has served on the Crisis Intervention _"These and other community residents know the things so that human needs are put ahead of Teams. He has also been a leader of the National Socialist Workers party from our work in the capitalist profits.' " Student Coalition Against Racism. Warren orga­ District One school struggle for community con­ Singler told the Cincinnati newspaper that nized the defense marshals for the May 17, 1975, trol," Naomi Vega said. Vega is a member of sociaHsts favor "guaranteeing all Americans a job march for desegregation called by the NAACP in Garza's volunteer staff. through massive useful public works programs and Boston. "They've seen our participation in the fight to by cutting working hours with no reduction in take­ Boston's Puerto Rican community has also save Gouverneur Hospital ana Public School 122. home pay in order to spread the available work.'' welcomed Warren's campaign. Hector Ruiz, a staff They've read in the newspapers about Garza and Singler has spoken at many campuses during her ·member of the Cooper Community Center in our party's suit against FBI harassment," Vega statewide tour. At Ohio State University in Colum­ Boston's South End and a Warren endorser, added. bus _.she spoke to more than 400 students in five recently invited the socialist candidate to partici­ Aloftg with party activists, more than a dozen classes. pate in the "lt~l Grito de Lares" commemoration. new Garza supporters helped collect and process "The students are interested in international People from the community have volunteered to 10,700 signatures to put Garza and other SWP issues," Singler told the Militant. Since the military help campaign for Warren. A lawyer for the candidates on the New York State ballot. The owner coup in Thailand she has opened her talks on Roxbury Defenders has been an active neighbor­ of a neighb'orhood bodega (a small grocery store) campus with a tribute to the Thai students who hood campaigner. Several Black supporters who are asked his customers to sign. "People were very were murdered by the government. members of the Boston Teachers Union have been

14 raising funds. And a student at Roxbury Communi­ defense of the Raza Unida party against govern- 'ty Coll~ge is orga:niiing meetings at th~t 'schotJ\;' ment attacks. '·" ' · - The Socialist Workers campaign has· attracted . 'The'i·'defelf~e of flilt'iights :o£ tirt8ocum~;;_ted' media attention. Warren recently appeared on one workers-the so-called illegal aliens-has been the TV program and is scheduled to appear on the major focus of Pedro Vasquez's campaign. The Carol Channel 5 "Candidates Night" October 31. major media and the government are on the Henderson Evans Warren has been busy giving interviews to the offensive on this issue. The· San Antonio Express U.S. Senate media, including several radio stations; the Banner, and the Light blare headlines warning of the Massachusetts the local Black newspaper; the Christian Science "invasion" by "illegals." Monitor; and Rouge, newspaper of the French Ligue Last summer, two leading activists, Ignacio Communiste Revolutionnaire (Revolutionary Com­ "Nacho" Perez and Mario Cantu, were arrested. munist League). Since then Cantu has been convicted of shielding Moakley, on the other hand, has not campaigned "illegal aliens" and given five years' probation and very actively. He is confident of the vote from the a $3,000 fine. racist strongholds. Moakley has refused to set foot Vasquez played an active role alongside dozens of in the Black community of his district. He has also other activists in building defense meetings, picket refused to confront Warren on television. lines, rallies, and speak-outs for Cantu and Perez. Willie Mae Reid, the SWP vice-presidential Through his campaign, Vasquez has reached many candidate, will visit Boston the last week before the on this question. ~~noo~~ • election. She plans to spend a lot of time campaign­ In Dallas, which has become a major center for BOSTON-Kennedy. It is a name with a special ing in Roxbury boosting Warren's campaign. undocumented workers, he appeared on the popular mystique. "Kennedy Democrats" are falsely identi­ A buffet reception is planned for Reid at the TV show "Que Pasa." He urged people to defend the fied as fighters for social reforms, champions of all Roxbury YMCA on October 24. undocumented and refuted the lies and distortions the downtrodden. A young Muslim brother talking to a Warren for pushed by the government and media. Jimmy Carter invokes John Kennedy in his Congress supporter recently put it this way: In San Antonio Vasquez has spoken to high speeches. Daniel Moynihan, New York's openly "That really sounds good. A Black woman school classes, to church organizations, and at conservative Democratic candidate for U.S. Senate, running for vice-president and a brother running shopping center rallies. vows to "win back Bob Kennedy's seat." for Congress right here in Roxbury together. I like Another big issue here brings back memories of Edward Kennedy, the personification of the that!" the days when John Wesley Hardin roamed south name, is running for reelection to the Senate from Texas, killing Mexicans and Blacks for sport. That Massachusetts. is the case of Ricardo Morales, who was delioerately Even the Republicans don't seriously challenge murdered by Castroville, Texas, Police Chief Frank this man, whose family wields tremendous power in Hayes. · the Bay State. vasquez Hayes, who commented the night of the killing But Socialist Workers party candidate Carol Pedro Vasquez that "I have killed me a Mexican before and I am Henderson Evans is doing just that. U.S. Senate getting ready to kill me another," was sentenced to A comparison of the political histories of this Texas at least two years' imp,risonment for assault. socialist working mother and the ruling-class Vasquez has publicized the Morales case. He is Democrat helps define the big differences between calling for a big turnout at a statewide demonstra­ them. tion planned for' San Antonio in November. As In 1965 while Edward Kennedy voted for billions Vasquez said recently, "When you compare Mario of dollars to feed the Democratic party's genocidal Cantu's penalty for helping mexicanos to Hayes's war in Vietnam, Evans began to march against the sentence for murdering Chicanos, then you begin to war. understand the racist nature of this system." Evans became a national coordinator of the The Socialist Workers candidate is also cam­ People's Coalition for Peace and Justice and later a paigning to defend the Texas Raza U nida party leader of the National Peace Action Coalition in Militant/Nelson Blackstock against the government's attempt to destroy it. The Boston. Texas Democratic party runs the state and it is the In the early seventies, Kennedy opposed the Democrats who are responsible for the recent legalization of abortion as a woman's right. By Bruce Kimball indictments of Raza Unida party activists in Evans, meanwhile, joined the staff of the Boston SAN ANTONIO-Pedro Vasquez is the Socialist Crystal City. Dolph Briscoe, the Democratic gover­ Women's Abortion Action Coalition. In 1975 she Workers party candidate for U.S. Senate from nor of Texas, termed Crista[ a "little Cuba" at the actively defended Black physician Kenneth Edelin, Texas. Vasquez is running against Lloyd Bentsen last state Democratic convention. who was convicted of manslaughter for performing and Alan Steelman, Democratic and Republican The Democrats control the department of public a legal abortion. politicians who have made their careers attacking safety, which has tried to infiltrate and disrupt the A few weeks ago, Kennedy cast a vote in the the Chicano movement. Raza Unida party. Senate to deny Medicaid funds for abortions. Vasquez was an early leader of the new Chicano In a recent news conference in Austin, Pedro Evans is a member of the National Organization movement in Texas. He sees his SWP campaign as Vasquez denounced the attack on Raza Unida in for Women, a group fighting this blow to women's an important tool in gaining liberation for his Crystal City and exposed the role of the Democratic rights. people. party in engineering this attack. Kennedy has dodged the issue of Black rights The Vasquez campaign has centered on three "The Texas Democrats are organizing a vendetta since busing began here in 1974. Boston city main issues that are of vital concern to Chicanos against the Raza Unida party for organizing an officials-members of Kennedy's party-have been and mexicanos in Texas. These are the protection of independent political party that fights for Chica­ the general staff for the two-year-long. violent undocumented workers, justice in the murder of nos, not against them like the Democrats do," antibusing battle. Through it all, Kennedy has said Ricardo Morales by a local police chief, and the Vasquez said. and done nothing. In the fall of 1974, Evans pitched in to help build the first major prodesegregation demonstration here. It drew 12,000 people. As a staff member of the National Student Coalition Against Racism, she helped mobilize people for the NAACP's May 17, 1975, probusing march. More than 15,000 people demonstrated in Boston that day. Kennedy was not among them. He didn't even lend his prestigious name as a supporter of the peaceful march. Today, the word "desegregation" does not appear in Kennedy campaign material. When pressed on the issue, Kennedy says he seeks an "alternative" to busing. "'Alternatives to busing'? That's a code phrase," Evans told the Militant. "Louise Day Hicks, George Wallace, Gerald Ford, Jimmy Carter, and Edward Kennedy are for busing when it's white students being bused to white schools. But, when it's for Black students to get a crack at the better schools they've been forcibly segregated from, then the politicians are for 'alternatives.' They mean alterna­ tives to Black rights." Kennedy avoids taking a clear stand on issues by campaigning around vague promises for more jobs. "The truth is," Evans said, "the Democrats run Congress. They're the ones responsible for unem­ ployment and inflation." Kennedy ducked out of a confrontation with Evans at a suburban candidates night on Sep­ tember 9. But she took on Republican Michael Robertson and Robert Dinsmore, a racist primary opponent of Kennedy's .. Pedro Vasquez, socialist candidate for U.S. Senate from Texas, distributes copies of SWP platform at "Evans stand on the Equal Rights Amendment Immigration. and Naturalization Service in Houston. Vasquez had gone t0 'Ia migra' headquarters on drew loud applause," the Boston Globe noted. September 28 to demand a halt to the roundup of undocumented workers and the release of those in jail Evans has been marching and speaking at rallies awaiting deportation. Continued on next page

THE MILITANT/OCTOBER 29, 1976 15 Gallo is also an active supporter of the Equal party. Apparently the CP was not interested in , Rights Amendment. 'Last spring, for example, she running a serious campaign while Bella Abzug was rode on the "Freedom Train" that carried hundreds still in the race. of women from the New York area to the May 16 The Aptheker campaign is scandalously silent national ERA march in Springfield, Illinois. Gallo about women's rights. Aptheker and his party's is a member of the National Organization for newspaper, the Daily World, have remained virtual­ Women, the group that sponsored the action. ly mum about Congress's drive to stop financing Over the past year, Gallo has marched in dozens abortions for women on Medicaid. The CP candi­ of protest actions against the city cutbacks. She date's silence on the ERA is for a good reason. He charges that the cuts in social services and layoffs opposes it. This puts him to the right of Moynihan of public employees are wiping out gains won by on this basic issue of equality for wom~n. ·women, Blacks, and Puerto Ricans in recent years. In the course of fighting these cutbacks, Gallo says, the unions must support the most oppressed workers by fighting for affirmative action. "This includes adjusting the seniority system so that after layoff!!!, women, Blacks, and Puerto Ricans are still PUIIBY on the job in the same proportions to other workers Andrew Pulley Continued from preceding page as before layoffs," she explained. U.S. Congress for a "yes" vote on ballot Question 1-a referendum Moynihan and incumbent Sen. James Buckley District 1 calling for a state Equal Rights Amendment. oppose affirmative action. When Evans spoke out for desegregation, Dins­ These two capitalist politicians are staunch Illinois more's antibusing backers booed. Recalling it, she reactionaries in their positions on foreign policy. said, "That didn't bother me. You know, we were They view world events through eyeglasses that see booed in the early days of the antiwar movement. a "red menace" everywhere that must be stopped by But we ended up being the majority. U.S. military might. As ambassador to the United "The more important thing is that the media Nations, Moynihan was also known for his fiery reported, 'Evans defended busing.' There are tens of racist tirades against the Palestinian people, Black thousands of Blacks and whites, including many in Africans, and others in the semicolonial countries. South Boston and Charlestown, who support desegl'egation. In this race, I am the only candidate Moynihan also authored the racist theory of speaking up for them. "benign neglect." This advocated no government "Anytime you back down to the bigots, they get responsibility for bettering the lives of Black bolder," Evans said. "And Kennedy has been Americans. Now that Moynihan is seeking Black By Baxter Smith backing down since desegregation began. He is a votes, he's trying to whistle a different tune. CHICAGO-In this much-storied city of mobsters silent partner in the government's criminal drive to But, Gallo points out, both Moynihan and and Mrs. O'Leary's cow, your typical candidate for roll back the gains won by Blacks.'' Buckley support the layoffs and cutbacks in social public office knows that the price of survival is services. They only disagree with each other on the complete obedience to Mayor Richard Daley's best way of ensuring that the wealthy municipal Democratic machine. bondholders get their interest payments. But Andrew Pulley is not your typical candidate. "This is no solution for reopening and expanding He is a socialist. A two-hundred-pound, fifty-inch­ child-care programs, for reinstituting free tuition chested mouse in cat country. And he loves it. Marcia Gallo and open admissions at the City University, for "I'm running on the Socialist Workers party reopening hospitals, and for rehiring teachers and ticket against Democratic Rep. Ralph Metcalfe," U.S. Senate other city workers," Gallo emphasized. Pulley told a room of students on the campaign trail New York The socialist says the only way to guarantee at Governors State University recently. these services and jobs is to halt all interest "Metcalfe pretended to run against Daley's payments to the millionaire bondholders and tum machine in the Democratic primary," Pulley ex­ the billions squandered on the war budget over to plained in an interview afterwards. "He had come the cities. out against the brutality of Daley's racist cops and Since Moynihan clinched the Democratic party supported Daley's liberal opponent in the last nomination, a fourth candidate for Senate has been election. So Metcalfe called himself an independent campaigning, Herbert Aptheker of the Communist Democrat, and he won the party nomination in the

By Jeri Long NEW YORK-"Women really have nowhere else to tum," said a Hunter College student. She was passing out campaign literature ~or Marcia Gallo, Socialist Workers party candidate for U.S. Senate from New York. Gallo is the only senatorial candidate here campaigning in defense of abortion rights, for the Equal Rights Amendment and child care, and against the cutbacks in social services and jobs that are pressing down hardest on women, Blacks, and Puerto Ricans. "I've supported Gallo's campaign from the start," the student said, walking over to a campaign table displaying socialist and feminist literature. "Re­ cently, especially since Bella Abzug lost the Democratic primary, I've found more women getting interested in Gallo's campaign.'' · Leading up to the primaries, many feminist organizations campaigned hard for Abzug. They consider her a forceful proponent of women's rights who would have done a lot for women if she'd won a Senate seat. Marcia Gallo disagrees. "Women Democrats have tO compromise if they want to survive and build a career in a party that's run by and for the rich," Gallo told the Militant. _ To illustrate her point, Gallo pointed out that Abzug cast one of her last votes in Congress to cut off Medicaid funds for abortions. Now she is giving backhanded support to senatorial candidate Daniel Moynihan and says her top priority is to help elect Jimmy Carter. "These are anti-abortion candi­ dates," Gallo said. "Abzug has been a longtime fighter for abortion rights," Gallo continued. "Now, she is undermining that right. Abzug is a perfect example of how you can't !Je loyal to women's rights and to the Democratic party at the same time. Her actions show that party loyalty comes first.'' Along with speaking out in defense of abortion rights, Gallo. helped organize an October 19 demon­ stration in New York City demanding that Medi­ caid funds for abortions be preserved.

16 primaries, calling it a people's victory. .,,, •. · · · "But events are showing that Metcalfe. never~·· = . ~' broke from the machine nor has he dissociated QU himself from the racist practices of the Democratic Omari Musa party." ' U.S. Senate In 1972 candidate Pulley spread himself all over America, watering the seeds of discontent in quest California Hear of the vice-president's office. Now the former GI, who bucked the brass in 1969 by organizing anti­ Vietnam War feelings in the army, is concentrating on Chicago's South Side, a largely Black communi­ ty that comprises the First Congressional District. Camejo And he is watching some of those seeds grow. · "Unlike in 1972," Pulley recalled, "people no longer ask, 'Where are the statistics to back up what you say?' Watergate has changed all that. No one By Arnold Weissberg and Reid tries to defend the government anymore. When you LOS ANGELES-Omari Musa of the Socialist say it is run by a bunch of crooks, people will Workers party is the first Black candidate ever to respond, 'Yep, you're right.'" appear on California's ballot for election to the U.S. Pulley detects some of this discontent seeping Senate. down to the ward and precinct level in the First · Describing the race between his Democratic and C.D. It has not translated itself into a wholesale ·­ Republican opponents, John Tunney and S.I. ·socialist repudiation of Metcalfe. But here and there, Pulley Hayakawa, U.S. News & World Report wrote, says, he finds Blacks who are skeptical of the "Issues generally are taking a back seat to • lasting power of Metcalfe's so-called break with personalities in the tight contest.'' Time magazine wondered whether "voters will campa1gn Daley. "Metcalfe has had recent closed-door meetings opt for slight quirkiness or substantial blandness" with Daley," Pulley stated, "to mend political when choosing between the Democrat and Republi- fences.'' can. rallies And as for his new-found independence, Metcalfe Not only is Musa the only Black candidate on the refused to vote against Daley's reelection as Cook California ballot for U.S. Senate. He is also the only County Democratic chairperson last spring, a move candidate for that key office speaking about the some viewed as telling. issues and offering a real choice. Moreover, there is little indication that Metcalfe, Musa has experience in the fight against racism who is Black, differs from that endemic species of · going back many years. He was a founding member white politician here with shovels for hands to of the Afro-American Student Union at the Univer­ scoop private gain from the public till. Last spring sity of California at Berkeley. He was active in the he was the target of a grand jury investigation for a Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee and kickbacks and shakedown operation he was said to took part in the 1964 San Francisco civil rights sit- oversee as a city council member. ins. "Since he won the primary," Pulley was saying, More recently, in 1974 and 1975 Musa helped "Metcalfe has been invisible. Meanwhile, Marquette organize marches in Pasadena and Los Angeles in Park [an area where Black homeowners have faced support of desegregation. When Rev. Harrison racist attacks] has broken. South Africa has broken. Bailey, a leader of the Pasadena desegregation But Metcalfe has been silent. fight, was injured by a Nazi letter-bomb, the "Blacks have heard Metcalfe speak out against Socialist Workers campaign participated in com­ unscrupulous funeral directors, sure, but Chicago is munity meetings and protests against the racist the most segregated of all major cities. Metcalfe attacks. PETER CAMEJO will be the featured speaker hasn't done anything about this. Or the closing of Musa connects the fight against racism in this at rallies in: hospitals. Or Black unemployment. This is what my country with the struggles going on around the SAN JOSE-Monday, October 25, 8 p.m., campaign is talking about.'' world. San Jose State University Ballroom The two-hundred-pound, fifty-inch-chested mouse "Racism is not just a comment by Earl Butz, as OAKLAND-Tuesday, October 26, 8 p.m., had just roared. obscene as Butz's so-called joke was. ~d racist 1467 Fruitvale Ave. violence is certainly not limited to Pasadena and BERKELEY_:_Wednesday, October 27, 8 Boston," Musa said. "The U.S. activity propping up p.m., 3624 Adeline St. apartheid regimes in southern Africa against Black ALBANY-Friday, October 29, 8 p.m., resistance is part of the same racism." Lecture Center 23, SUNY at Albany Musa said that audiences have readily under­ NEW YORK-Saturday, October 30, 7:30 stood when he explained Kissinger's latest maneuv­ p.m., Hunter Playhouse, 68th St. & ers to buy time for the white regimes by promising Lexington Ave. token concessions to Blacks. Hayakawa, the seventy-year-old former college president running for Senate on the Republican ticket, has said, "Let's have a society that welcomes adversity." Musa says, "Of course a capitalist society is going tp be a society of adversity for all working people and especially for Blacks, Chicanos, other op­ pressed nationalities, and women. It is time we go. beyond the adversity produced by the capitalist profit drive and start producing goods for human needs instead." The socialist candidate has taken clear positions: For a woman's right to choose abortion. For the Equal Rights Amendment. For Proposition 14, which would guarantee United Farm Workers organizers the right to talk to farm workers in the fields. Musa's Democratic party opponent, John Tunney, WILLIE MAE REID will speak in: has complained that cutting the U.S. defense BOSTON-Sunday, October 24, 3:30 p.m., budget might mean the country's defenses would be Roxbury YMCA, 401 Warren St. CHICAGO-Friday, October 29, 8 p.m., De "dismantled." He refused to support even the Paul University, 2323 N. Seminary, Room limited national health insurance bill in Congress. 192 Musa _says that money should not be spent on CHICAGO-Saturday, October 30, 7:30p.m., weapons but on child care, schools, hospitals, and Augustana Lutheran Church, 5500 S. other important health and social services. Woodlawn Tunney points to his position on the Senate CHICAGO-Sunday, October 31, 3:30 p.m., Subcommittee for Constitutional Rights and prom­ Third Unitarian Church, 301 N. Mayfield ises to investigate government infringement on democratic rights. Yet he initially supported Senate To help publicize the socialist campaign and Bill 1, which would have legalized the government rallies see the directory of socialist campaign attacks on civil liberties .t was only after massive headquarters on page 31 for the one nearest protest against S.1 began that Tunney changed his you. mind. Musa contrasts the failure of Tunney's Senate subcommittee with the success of the SWP's lawsuit against the government in revealing the role of harassment and infiltration played by the FBI. Musa's campaign has sparked enthusiasm. So­ Officers of the Socialist Workers 1976 National Campaign Commtttee: chairperson, Linda Jenness; treasurer, Arthur cialist Workers campaign supporters collected Hughes. 148,503 signatures this summer to put Musa's name on the ballot.

THE MILITANT/OCTOBER 29, 1976 17 Listed below are the Socialist Mark Harris-University of Illinois The SWP also urges a vote for Raza positions where there is no SWP Workers party candidates for federal, Board of Trustees Unida party candidates: candidate. Those candidates are: state, and local office in the No­ John Pottinger-University of Illinois Ernesto Borunda-U.S. Senate Bob Rivera-State Representative, vember 2 elections. Write-in candi­ Board of Trustees Jesus Aragon-U.S. Congress, 1st District 571 dates are indicated with an aste­ David W. Tucker-University of Illi­ C.D. Eduardo Canales-State Representa­ risk(*). If your state is not listed, cast nois Board of Trustees *Ernesto Hill-U.S. Congress, 2nd tive, District 87 a write-in vote for Camejo and Reid. C.D. Ramon Carillo-U.S. Congress, 21st Also listed are candidates of Raza Sam Sanchez-State Corporation C.D. . Unida parties for whom the SWP INDIANA Commission Delfino Truitt-Frio County Sheriff urges a vote, and the SWP's stand on Camejo-Reid Moises Morales-Rio Arriba County Joe Arthur Wrangei-Frio County major ballot referenda. Sheriff Commissioner, Precinct 1 If you have any questions about IOWA Antonio "Ike" DeVargas-Rio Arriba Modesto Rodriguez-Frio County how to vote, contact the SWP cam­ Camejo-Reid County Commissioner Commissioner, Precinct 3 paign headquarters in your area. Pedro Archuleta-Rio Arriba County Arnaldo Hernandez-Frio County Addresses and telephone numbers Commissioner Justice of the Peace, Precinct 3 are listed on page 31. KENTUCKY Barbara Manzanares-Rio Arriba Mike Valla-Frio County Constable, Camejo-Reid County Clerk Precinct 1 Benjamin Medina-Rio Arriba County Domingo R. Zapata, Jr.-Frio County ARIZONA Assessor Constable, Precinct 4 Camejo-Reid LOUISIANA Camejo-Reid Pat Valdez-Rio Arriba County Treas­ Pancho Ruiz-Harris County Consta­ urer ble, Precinct 6 Vote yes on Proposition 200, which Roberto Ayala-La Salle County She­ would impose safeguards on nuclear MARYLAND riff energy construction. *Camejo-Reid NEW YORK Edmundo Perez-La Salle County *Richard Hill-U.S. Senate Camejo-Reid Tax Assessor *Tory Dunn-U.S. Congress, 3rd C.D. Marcia Gallo-U.S. Senate Arcencio Garcfa-La Salle County CALIFORNIA *Ollie Bivins-U.S. Congress, 7th C.D. Keith Jones-U.S. Congress, 7th C.D. Camejo-Reid Commissioner Pat Wright-U.S. Congress, 14th C.D. Amador Benavidez-La Salle County Omari Musa-U.S. Senate Catarino Garza-U.S. Congress, 18th *Paul Boutelle-U.S. Congress, 8th Constable MASSACHUSETTS C. D. Roberto Sanchez-La Salle County C.D. Camejo-Reid Ruthann Miller-State Assembly, 70th Constable *Froben Lozada-U.S. Congress, 9th Carol Henderson Evans-U.S. Senate District Trinidad Zepeda-Lubbock County C. D. James "Mac" Warren-U.S. Congress, Commissioner, Precinct 3 *Virginia Garza-U.S. Congress, 25th 9th C.D. C.D. NORTH DAKOTA Robert Barrera-Tarrant County She­ Camejo-Reid riff *Don Sorsa-U.S. Congress, 42nd Vote yes on Question 1, which Lee Saldivar-Tarrant County Justice C.D. would bar discrimination on the basis of the Peace Sylvia Weinstein-San Francisco of sex or race. OHIO Board of Education Camejo-Reid Miguel Berry-Webb County Tax As­ Susan Muysenberg-San Francisco Melissa Singler-U.S. Senate sessor Community College Board MICHIOAN Mike Alewitz-U.S. Congress, 14th Vlase R. Reyes-Webb County Com­ Camejo-Reid C.D. missioner, Precinct 1 The SWP also urges a vote for Raza Paula Reimers-U.S. Senate Jeff Feather-U.S. Congress, 20th Eduardo A. lbarra-Webb County Unida party candidates: B.R. Washington-U.S. Congress, 1st C.D. Justice of the Peace, Precinct 1 Andres Torres-State Assembly, 39th C.D. Paula Savich-U.S. Congress, 21st Crespin Trevino-Zavala County She­ District John Hawkins-U.S. Congress, 13th C.D. riff Jose Gonzales-State Assembly, 63rd C.D. Almeda Kirsch-U.S. Congress, 22nd Pablo Avila-Zavala County Attorney District Mark Severs-U.S. Congress, 14th C.D. Elena Dlaz-Zavala County Commis­ C.D. sioner Vote yes on Proposition 14, which Don Bechler-U.S. Congress, 16th In Cleveland vote no on Issue 8, Francisco Prado-Zavala County would help farm workers win repres­ C.D. which would renew the property tax. Commissioner entation by the union of their choice Christy Wallace-U.S. Congress, 17th Ricky Dlaz-Zavala County Tax As­ through elections in the fields. C.D. sessor AI Duncan-State Board of Education OREOON *Camejo-Reid In San Francisco: Margaret Hayes-Wayne State Board Vote no on Texas Constitution Vote yes on Proposition T, which of Governors *Jim Watson-U.S. Congress, 3rd Amendments 1 and 2, giveaways to C.D. will provide district election of super­ The SWP also urges a vote for the the rich that would increase the *Kris Huget-Secretary of State visors. candidate of the Communist Labor amount of Texas water development *Stacey Seigle-State Treasurer Vote no on Propositions B, D, E, I, party: bonds. · L, M, 0, which are anti-city-worker General Baker, Jr.-State Assembly, proposals. 9th District Vote yes on Proposition 9, which would establish safety regulations UTAH before construction of any additional Camejo-Reid MINNESOTA. nuclear power plants. COLORADO Camejo-Reid Camejo-Reid Bill Peterson-U.S. Senate Priscilla Schenk-U.S. Congress, 1st VERMONT Ralph Schwartz-U.S. Congress, 4th Camejo-Reid C.D. PENNSYLVANIA C.D. Camejo-Reid Joan Paltri neri-State Assembly, 8th Chris Frank-U.S. Congress, 5th C.D. Frederick W. Stanton-U.S. Senate District VIROINIA Jim Carson-State Senate, 59th Dis­ Clare Fraenzi-U.S. Congress, 1st Camejo-Reid trict C.D. The SWP also urges a vote for Raza Libby Moser-State Senate, 65th Dis­ Tony Austin-U.S. Congress, 2nd Unida party candidates: trict C.D. Fred Archer-U.S. Congress, 3rd C.D. WASHINOTON Carla Hoag-U.S. Congress, 14th Camejo-Reid Joseph Eddie Montour-Pueblo C.D. Karl Bermann-U.S. Senate County Commissioner. District 1 MISSISSIPPI Margaret Trowe-U.S. Congress, 1st Camejo-Reid C.D. Vote no on Proposition 6, which RHODE ISLAND Patricia Bethard-Governor would rescind the Colorado State Camejo--Reid Barbara Hennigan-Lt. Governor Equal Rights Amendment. MISSOURI Craig Honts-Attorney General *Camejo-Reid SOUTH DAKOTA Carmen Maymi-State Legislature, OEOROIA *Barbara Bowman-U.S. Senate Camejo-Reid 37th District *Camejo-Reid *Ed Warren-U.S. Congress, 1st C.D. *Osborne Hart-U.S. Congress, 5th *Helen Savio-Governor Vote yes on Initiative 325, which C.D. TEXAS would prohibit unsafe nuclear power Camejo-Reid facilities. NEW HAMPSHIRE Pedro Vasquez-U.S. Senate ILLINOIS Camejo-Reid Gene Lantz-U.S. Congress, 8th C.D. Camejo-Reid Silvia Zapata-U.S. Congress, 18th WASHINOTON. D.C. Suzanne Haig-Governor C.D. Camejo-Reid Dennis Brasky-Lt. Governor NEW JERSEY Pat O'Reilly-Railroad Commissioner Dorothy Hawkinson-City Council at­ Camejo-Reid large Nancy J. Cohen-Attorney General Dan Fein-State Representative, 97th Larry Stewart-U.S. Congress, 10th EM Lynn Masterson-Secretary of District *Eli Green-City Council at-large C.D. State Jill Fein-Harris County Commission­ Clemens R. Bak-Comptroller er, Precinct 1 WISCONSIN NEW MEXICO The SWP also urges a vote for all Camejo-Reid *signifies write-in Camejo-Reid Raza Unida party candidates for Robert Schwarz-U.S. Senate

18 600,000'Si'gn;for·'·soelat1St~ Campaign puts SWP on ballot in· 28 states By Lucy Burton voting-age population will be able to The SWP has been on the ballot in More than 600,000 people have vote for Camejo-Reid, thanks to the Michigan for every presidential elec­ signed petitions to put the Soeialist successful ballot drive. tion except one since 1948 and will be Workers party on the ballot in twenty­ The California ballot drive was the on again this year. eight states, including the District of culmination of this year's petitioning But state legislators have made Columbia. campaign. California SWP supporters headway with a scheme to keep inde­ This year's success tops the accom­ collected more than 300,000 signatures pendents off the ballot. A new Michi­ gan law requires independent parties plishments of SWP ballot drives in from registered voters to put Camejo, 1968 and 1972. In 1968 Fred Halstead Reid, and U.S. senatorial candidate to first collect signatures of 18,000 and Paul Boutelle, the SWP presiden­ Omari Musa on the ballot. registered voters and then compete in a "minor party primary." If parties do tial candidates, were on the ballot in This was more than double the nineteen states. In 1972 socialists put number of signatures the SWP has not capture a required percentage of Linda Jenness and Andrew Pulley on ever collected in any one state. the vote, they are disqualified from the ballot in twenty-four states, includ­ The recent growth of the SWP into ballot status. ing the District of Columbia. more cities around the country made it The American Civil Liberties Union In fact, this year's total puts the possible to put the SWP on ballots in filed a lawsuit on behalf of the SWP SWP on the ballot in more states than some states for the first time. The new and the Communist, Socialist Labor, any noncapitalist party since the 1948 SWP branch in Richmond, for exam­ Human Rights, and Communist Labor presidential election. ple, collected enough signatures for the parties against the new law. The suit Seventy-two percent of the nation's SWP candidates in Virginia. says that these parties have already shown they have adequate support to merit ballot status by collecting the required signatures. Although a three-judge panel voted Camejo and Reid supporters Camejo and Reid to uphold the law, it said it could not 600,000 signatures in the past ten be applied this year. The suit will now months. on the ballot in 28 states go to the U.S. Supreme Court. that it was too late to consider the suit This year-for the first time-the this year. national SWP ticket will be on the In Delaware the socialists filed ballot in Illinois and Ohio. almost 4,000 signatures to meet the In 1972 the SWP filed more than state's requirement of 2,609 signatures. enough signatures to put Jenness and As in Idaho, the state ruled that there Pulley on the Illinois and Ohio ballots. were not enough valid signatures. But state authorities ruled the candi­ They refused to let socialists compare dates off with the claim that the their petitions to official lists of regis­ socialists were underage to assume tered voters. office if they won. Delaware officials stalled so that a Thanks to a successful lawsuit lawsuit could not be heard before this Camejo and Reid will also be on the year's election. ballot in Utah. The SWP defeated challenges to its Missouri state officials have a well­ nominating petitions from the U.S. earned reputation for cheating inde­ Labor party, a fascist-like group, in pendent candidates from ballot status. New York, New Jersey, Pennsyl­ This year, as in 1974, Missouri Legend vania, and Massachusetts. refused to count valid signatures on Three states kept SWP candidates SWP petitions. The state claimed that \_\_\On the ballot off the ballot even though the party of the 25,000 signatures collected by met their requirements: the SWP, fewer than the requirement Campaign supporters filed more of 18,000 were valid. than the required 1,500 signatures in In fighting this setback, the SWP Idaho but were ruled off when the has earned a name by exposing Mis­ On the ballot: state claimed the party had failed to souri's riggid electoral process. Louisiana New Mexico Texas Arizona collect enough valid signatures. California Massachusetts New York Vermont Barbara Bowman, SWP candidate Colorado Michigan North Dakota Virginia The SWP, Eugene McCarthy,. and for U.S. Senate from Missouri, debated Illinois Minnesota Ohio Utah the CP then joined a legal challenge to the secretary of state twice. And the Indiana Mississippi Pennsylvania Washington the Idaho law that prohibits independ­ Kansas City Times and St Louis Post­ Iowa New Hampshire Rhode Island Washington, D.C. ent candidates on the ballot. On Dispatch printed editorial endorse­ Kentucky New Jersey South Dakota Wisconsin October 15, however, the court ruled ments of the SWP's ballot rights.

coupon below to PROF, Box 649 ~nitell ~ht!e5 ~iztrid QJ:ourt . Cooper Station, New York, New York . FOR THE .. SQJJ:.THERN .. IU.S~RIC'l'... QF.. .. N.EN ...YQBK 10003 .

SOCIALIST WORKERS PARTY, et ------al., 0 Enclosed is my contribution of Plaintiffs~ $ ______0 Enclosed is $2.95 for a copy of "· Cointelpro: The FBI's Secret War on ATTORNEY. GENERAL OF THE UNITED Political Freedom. . STATES, et al., Defendants. 0 Add my name as a Political Rights Defense Fund sponsor. SUI\fl\fONS IN CIVIL ACTION Name Address ______The Socialist Workers party and details from the FBI's Cointelpro democratic rights began and why Young Socialist Alliance have sued disruption program-poison-pen let­ they still go on. We will also be City ------the FBI and twelve other police spy ters, anonymous phone calls, planted getting evidence from the CIA, Mil­ State _____ Zip agencies. We are trying to get a court news stories, mail tampering, in­ itary Intelligence, and the New York injunction against government disrup­ formers, burglaries. In fact, we have red squad. Our lawsutt has a lot of Signature tion of political activities. And we are collected a whole book on FBI dirty work to do before it goes to trial. seeking $40 million in damages for tricks so that you can read some of the government's thirty-eight-year the evidence. We need help. The Political Rights Return to: PROF, Box 649 Cooper Station, New York, New York 10003. campaign against the socialists. Defense Fund is organizing that help, Next month we will be questioning raising money and getting out infor­ Our lawsuit has forced the govern­ FBI chief Clarence Kelley under oath mation on our case. If you would like ment to hand over documents and about these dirty tricks. We will ask to help, send a contribution and produce witnesses. We uncovered Kelley when and why the attacks on become a PROF sponsor. Return the

THE MILITANT/OCTOBER 29, 1976 19 By Miguel Pendas the U.S. Voting Rights Act to Naranjo and his Democratic party DENVER-The Socialist Workers redistrict a gerrymandered setup in machine. Raza party is urging a vote for candidates Frio County. This chance to win In other counties, the New Mexico of the Raza Unida parties in Califor­ Chicano representation has enli­ RUP is focusing its energy on the nia, New Mexico, Texas, and Colora­ vened the RUP campaign there. statewide campaign of Ernesto Bo­ Unida do. Martinez said the local races this runda for U.S. Senate. Borunda is By breaking with the Democrats fall are helping the Texas RUP running against incumbent Demo­ • and Republicans, these Chicano prepare for the 1978 statewide elec­ crat Joseph Montoya. parties have set an important exam­ tion. runs 1n ple of independent working-class political action for the trade unions New Mexico: A grand jury has and Black movement in this coun­ determined there is no evidence to four try. indict Antonio "Ike" DeVargas, The Militant has received these chairperson of the RUP in Rio reports on the final weeks of RUP Arriba County. states campaigning in Texas and New De Vargas had been falsely Mexico. charged with assault when he tried to defend himself from a Rio Arriba Texas: Maria Elena Martinez, chair­ sheriffs captain. While holding him person of the Texas RUP, says that under arrest in Santa Fe, cops beat · local election contests have stirred a De Vargas, giving him a hairline good deal of activity. skull fracture. The RUP holds office in Crystal This was only the latest in a series City, county seat of Zavala County. of terror tactics against the RUP This year the Democratic party is engineered by Sheriff Emilio Naran­ running Chicano candidates for jo. Naranjo has run Rio Arriba sheriff and other key county offices. County for twenty-four years. Martinez expects the race to be close. The RUP is fielding a slate of Militant/Harry The RUP has won a ruling under candidates in Rio Arriba to take on MARIA ELENA MARTINEZ

SWP urges vote for Baker in Detroit By Robin Maisel people at the rally, including CLP Michigan. The party has no presiden- a major street here. They have put up DETROIT-The Socialist Workers members. · tial candidate. hundreds of posters and secured radio party is urging Michigan voters in the "We are urging a vote for Baker The SWP, on the other hand, is time to publicize Baker's candidacy. Ninth State Representative District to because it would be a vote against the running a number of candidates in And they have distributed campaign cast their ballots for General Baker, policies of the Democrats and Republi- Michigan. Its presidential ticket will be literature on street corners throughout candidate of the Communist Labor cans," the leaflet said. "A vote for on the state ballot, as will its candidate the district. party. Baker would be a vote against the for U.S. Senate, Paula Reimers. The issues facing Black voters and Baker is a well-known Black activist Democratic and Republican policies of Also on the ballot is SWP candidate other working people will be discussed who has participated in trade-union racism and opposition to school dese- B.R. Washington, a Black activist and at a meeting scheduled for October 29 and civil rights struggles here. The gregation and busing. It would be a trade unionist who is challenging at Highland Park Community College. CLP is a Maoist-oriented organization. vote against the anti-labor economic Democrat John Conyers in the First It will feature both Baker and Wa- Its strongest base is in Detroit. Many policy of these two capitalist par- Congressional District. The area in shington. CLP members are former members of ties. . . . which Baker is running is within the Although the CLP is fielding its own the League of Revolutionary Black "As such a vote for Baker is a step First C.D. candidate in the Ninth State Represen- Workers, a Black caucus that grew up toward the independent Black, Chica- The SWP is urging CLP members tative District, the party leaves the in the United Auto Workers in the no and labor political action· that the and others supporting Baker to vote door open to support to capitalist 1960s. candidates of the Socialist Workers for Washington and other SWP candi- candidates for other offices. party are campaigning for." dates, even if they don't agree with all At the October 12 CLP rally, Baker Supporters of the Socialist Workers The leaflet explained that the SWP is planks of the SWP platform, as a sidestepped this important issue of party campaign attended a rally for urging a vote for Baker "even though working-class alternative to the capi- working-class independence from the Baker October 12. They distributed we have differences with the Commu- talist parties. big-business-controlled Democratic copies of a leaflet explaining why the nist Labor party and with Baker's Baker's supporters are waging an and Republican parties. He refused to SWP is calling for a vote for Baker. election platform." active campaign. They have bought call for a vote for Washington against The leaflet was well received by many Baker is the only CLP candidate in billboard space on Woodward Avenue, Conyers. CP signals Calif. voters: 'Pull lever for Tunney' By Arnold Weissberg Republican Hayakawa. She character­ And defeating Hayakawa means "vote LOS ANGELES-In the current izes him-again correctly-as a hard­ for Tunney"-the only candidate that presidential elections, the Communist nosed right-winger. can outpoll him. party has characterized the Republi­ While Hawes was careful to show The CP also makes no mention of cans and Democrats as "twin parties that Ford and Carter represent the Socialist Workers party senatorial of the monopolies." same basic program, she did not do the nominee Omari Musa. Nor is it run­ The CP presidential ticket of Gus same with the Republican and Demo­ ning a senatorial candidate of its own. Hall and Jarvis Tyner supposedly cratic senatorial candidates. In fact, Like the SWP, the CP could have provides an alternative to these par­ the interview does not even mention circulated nominating petitions for a ties. Tunney. senatorial candidate along with its But that's a political hustle. Two This is a traditional CP method of presidential ticket. For reasons never articles in the October 9 People's getting its message across-paint the publicly explained, it chose not to do World, West Coast voice of the CP, Republican as the greatest threat to so. confirm that the party's "independ­ the world since swine flu, and don't One likely explanation is that the ence." is a pose designed to take in the mention the Democrat. People's World endorsed Tunney's unsuspecting. The main political pers­ To make sure that everyone read the opponent, Tom Hayden, in the June pective of the Communist party re­ signals right, the same page of the PW Democratic primary. mains, as it has been for forty years, to featured an article reporting on a Hall­ In a June 5 PW editorial plumping support "progressive" or "lesser evil" Tyner state campaign committee meet­ for Hayden, Tunney was correctly capitalist politicians. ing held in San Francisco September described as "pro-monopoly and anti­ In California, the Communist party 27. The meeting was attended by key labor." has now signaled its members and California CP leaders. Apparently that doesn't matter supporters to vote for Democrat John "While most of the meeting focused much any more. Hayakawa, you see, is Tunney for U.S. Senate. on how to maximize the Communist more "pro-monopoly" and "anti-labor" As usual, the CP doesn't come right vote ...," the article says, "a great than Tunney. out and say, "Vote for Tunney." That TUNNEY: CP says he's 'pro-monopoly' deal of attention was given to what the So, despite all the talk about a would give the "independence" game and 'anti-labor' but still better than committee views as two other key newfound political independence, the away. Hayakawa. electoral fights in the state-the prob­ Communist party is still at the old Instead, the CP uses a long-favored lem posed in the U.S. Senatorial race game of trying to keep people in the method: it suddenly opens fire on by ultra-rightist S.l. Hayakawa, and blind alley of "lesser evil" capitalist Tunney's Republican opponent, S.l. Hawes begins with an attack on the crucial fight for farmworkers' politics. Hayakawa. For party stalwarts, the Carter and Ford. She describes both­ rights as represented by Proposition 14 Fortunately for California voters message is clear enough. correctly-as "candidates of Big Busi- on the statewide ballot." (Emphasis seriously concerned with the senatorial On; of the two PW articles is an ness." added.) race, they don't have to choose be­ interview with Cindy Hawes, Los Then\ to show that she is "not Although the article doesn't spell out tween two shabby offerings like Tun­ Angeles chairperson ·of the Young limiting her attleks to the Democrats," precisely what should be done about ney and Hayakawa. They can vote for Workers Lii:Jeration League, the youth the PW explains, Hawes launches a the Hayakawa "problem," the implica­ a meaningful socialist alternative­ organization supporting the CP. lengthy, blistering broadside against tion is clearly that he must be defeated. Omari Musa.

20 BLACKS & THE ELECTIONS By Baxter Smith most basic default that emerges from WASHINGTON-The curtain rose the [Hart study] is that of the politi­ on the annual Congressional Black cians whose appeal no longer interests Caucus workshop and dinner Sep­ WhatS behind large numbers of voters." tember 24-25, and before it fell the Those few at the Black Caucus composers and stage directors had workshop who suggested that this made it clear that the theme of their might be the reason got negative, production this fall was upping Black Black voter canned reactions from caucus voter participation. members. "Our number one concern between None of the caucus members were now and November 2 must be to see willing to admit that the broken that every eligible Black person regis­ apathy? promises and about-faces by Democrat­ ters to vote and goes to the polls," ic and Republican politicians, as well said caucus Chairperson Yvonne as abuse by the system-no jobs, poor Burke (D-Calif.). housing, segregated education-are the This task of increasing Black voter reasons for Black voter indifference. participation has been the subject of Black newspaper editorials since the Nonvoting Blacks spring primaries. It is the goal of a Williams and Jordan's arguments to major undertaking in the Black com­ the contrary, it has been the rulers of munity: Operation Big Vote, a project this country and specifically the Demo­ of the widely backed National Coali­ cratic party-not nonvoting Blacks­ tion on Black Voter Participation. that are responsible for the erosion of According to a Yankelovich survey Black gains won during the 1960s. finding and certain political observers, The cutbacks in jobs, wages, and the size of the Black turnout in living standards is the Democratic and November will determine who goes to Republican parties' program for sal­ the White House in a close election­ vaging the profits of U.S. corporations which is expected. from the blows of the economic reces­ Many Black leaders-chiefly Demo­ sion. crats who are mindful of the forty-year Williams and Jordan's arguments, disposition of Blacks for the Democrat­ furthermore, do not explain the 1966-71 ic party-view the prospect of a large period. This was a time when many Black turnout as a jubilee opportunity Black rights were won. Yet Black voter to multiply their influence on national disinterest was starting to grow be­ Democratic politics. cause Blacks · were beginning to see But obtaining a large Black turnout that the politicians they were putting will not be easy. into office were doing nothing to improve their living conditions. Williams and Jordan seem to argue that voting per se · guarantees the Black voters dwindling delivery and enforcement of Black Just as voter unhappiness and rights. If that were so, then the indifference is rampant in the general winning edge that Blacks gave voting population-less than 18 per­ Kennedy in 1960 should have translat­ cent of eligible voters turned out ed itself into delivery and enforcement during the Democratic and Republican of equal rights for Blacks back then. primaries-it is even more pervasive Of course, it did not. It took the among Blacks. massive struggles of the Black move­ Dwindling Black interest in voting ment in the streets-:-over the protesta­ has been evident for several years. politicians are alike," wrote the editors As a result, they have no public voice. tions of Kennedy· and his followers, According to the Census Bureau, of the Black Philadelphia Tribune They are unequal." Johnson and Nixon-to deliver any only 65 percent of the 13.5 million September 7. Jordan concluded: "If the unregis­ gains for Blacks. Blacks who were old enough to vote tered fail to register and the registered While some would like to believe that were registered in 1972. In 1974, a low fail to vote, they will continue to these rights are permanent, they are 34 percent of voting age Blacks went to 'Enemy from within'? remain unequal and will continue to no more than paper declarations given the polls in congressional elections.. Few who decry the low Black voting bear witness to the ruination of their life by the power of the Black move­ "But in that same year, only one in trend are willing to square themselves government." ment. As such, they have been en­ six black youth between the ages of 18 with its roots-the decades-long abuse Eddie Williams, president of the forced only as long as the government and 24 bothered to go to the polls," of the Black community by white Joint Center, also blamed nonvoting has seen that ·Blacks are prepared to observed the August Focus, a publica­ politicians of the Democratic and Blacks for the racist policies of the fight, to protest to ensure their enforce­ tion of the Black-oriented Joint Center Republican parties. Nor are they wil­ government. ment. for Political Studies. The Joint Center ling to admit the failure of Democratic Black inequality, he wrote in the When Blacks were led to believe that is a prime mover of Operation Big and Republican politicians to make the August Focus, "also results from the a fight was no longer necessary, when Vote. capitalist system work for, and not malady of political apathy and cyni­ the Black movement tapered off, the Furthermore, in 1974 Blacks had a always against, Blacks. cism that is gripping the black electo­ government escalated its racist policies lower voter registration rate than in As a result, many are voicing hollow rate across the nation. It is this once again against the Black commun­ any of five previous national elections. platitudes and apologies for racism, or malady-this enemy from within­ ity. In the past two years, attacks on Currently, there are seven million tongue-lashing disinterested Blacks for which threatens hard won gains of the school desegregation, open housing, unregistered Black voters. But some their predicament. past and potential gains of the future. and affirmative action have made forecasters predict that as many as "We are trying to motivate people. "While blacks' impatience with and repeated headlines. twelve million of the fifteen million We want to· rid people of the attitude indifference toward the political pro­ At a time when the victories of the voting-age Blacks will sit out the that nothing they do counts," Black cess may be understandable, it is a fact 1960s are being erased, Blacks are elections. Caucus Chairperson Burke told guests of life that non-participation only asked to vote for some of the same This possibility spells alarm for at the $100-a-plate dinner. makes matters worse. Certainly this is politicians who are leading the attack many Black leaders. "As one who has gained so much the case when the black vote is written on their rights. The Black vote,. which went largely through the ballot box, first my seat in off by politicians and when the hopes To ensure that all of those victories to Kennedy in 1960, was credited with the Texas State Senate, and now my and aspirations of a tenth of the are not wiped out, Blacks will again · giving him his narrow victory. And seat in Congress, I am mystified and · nation's voting population are ig­ have to rely on protests and demon­ some say that in 1968 the absence of a disturbed that so many scorn the very nored." strations. large Black vote for Humphrey­ process by which we give meaning to And when Blacks are presented with actually the first major result of Black the principle of equality which Black Why indifference real alternatives-independent Black disinterest-enabled the victory of Americans struggled so long to have To get Blacks to vote, Chairperson and labor candidates who will defend, Richard Nixon. extended. to them," wrote U.S. Rep. Burke stressed that the caucus and not abuse, their interests-that is when In addressing this situation, some Barbara Jordan (D-Tex.) in the Sep­ other Black leaders intend to "rid they. will find new meaning in voter have unfortunately heaped scorn on tember For the People, newsletter of people of the attitude that nothing they participati9n. disinterested Blacks. the caucus. do counts." As for now, on November 2 Black "In the last election, April, 1976, "Today, as we prepare for the gener­ Black voter apathy, however, results voters in nearly thirty states will have ·voters displayed more apathy than al election, the strength of the idea from bitter experience with the govern­ an opportunity to cast their ballots for usual. Di;illusionment with politicians that each citizen has equal standing in ment and elected officials. Even the candidates from a party that is and was cited as the prime reason for the the public forum has been dissipated New York Times, in commenting on a will continue to defend their interests­ low voter turnout. It will be tragic for by the millions of people who have Hart study, noted, "A mere appeal to the Socialist Workers party. It is a the Black comptunity to 'sit out' the allowed themselves to become slaves to voters to do their duty obviously will voting opportunity that should not be November elections, figuring that all their own cynicism and indifference. not change this dismal forecast; the missed.

. THE MILITANT/OCTOBER 29, 1976 21 THE LEFT & THE ELECTIONS By Steve Clark of the newspaper of the New American Who do you plan to vote for this Movement calls for a vote for Kirkpa­ year? Or are you going to sit this one Some boycott. Others trick. "In some other states," it says, out? "the People's Party and other socialist That's the question-or some version groups are on the ballot, providing of it-that's on many people's minds opportunities for left protest votes." rig}lt now. You hear it on factory back Carter Some run floors, in elevators, on sidewalks, in Socialist Workers campaign classrooms, on grocery lines, and at Socialist Workers party candidates neighborhood bars. Peter Camejo and Willie Mae Reid will And this year millions of Americans own tickets. And some be on the ballot in twenty-eight states. are willing to give a hearing to groups Many activists not in the SWP or that seem to offer an alternative to the Young Socialist Alliance are support­ old, stock answers. ing the Camejo-Reid ticket. Many are coming to the conclusion endorse SWP slate. Spark, a socialist organization based that only a top-to-bottom social change in Baltimore and Detroit, has endorsed in this country can end unemployment, Camejo and Reid. "Workers can make racism, the oppression of women, a demonstration against capitalism, inflation, Vietnam-style wars, and by voting for the candidates which environmental destruction. They are come closest to clearly opposing capi­ interested in what various groups on talism," says an editorial in the the American left have to offer in the October 11-25 Spark. way of answers. IILD "We believe it is possible for workers What are these groups saying to this to do this by voting for the Socialist expanding audience about the 1976 Workers Party, which is running elections? candidates nation-wide for many offi­ ces, including the presidency. The SWP Communist party is a Trotskyist group which says that a The Communist party is running a revolution is necessary. It says that presidential ticket, Gus Hall and Jar­ this revolution can only be made by vis Tyner. At this writing they are on the working class. And it says that the the pallot in twenty states. revolution must be international. In a departure from past presidential Workers who want to oppose capital­ races, the CP this year is not support­ ism can vote for these ideas.'' ing one of the two capitalist party Although Spark endorses the SWP UNITE~~~p~~~~D TO J]H£ C~LL N:~~~T~~~~OF THE candidates as the "lesser evil." slate, it raises certain criticisms. "To DEFEAT OCTOBER one extent or another," the editorial The CP's decision not to back either IMPERIALISM LEAGUE Carter or Ford, however, does not says, "all of the left groups create represent a break from its "lesser evil" illusions that you can change society strategy. Speaking to the CP National through elections.'' Council last March, Hall called "lesser The Revolutionary Marxist Commit­ evilism" a "tactic that can work only tee, a group based in Detroit has also under very special circumstances. It called for a vote· for the Camejo-Reid can work as an exception, but not as a ticket, because "a large working-class rule.... vote for the SWP would mark a "We have to say bluntly and openly significant step forward for the Ameri­ that for a Communist to follow the can proletariat and must therefore be folly of the lesser of two evils when supported.'' Communist candidates are running for At the same time, the RMC attacks office is to exhibit behavior bordering ?luJJdetiu what it calls the "opportunist and on political idiocy." (Emphasis added.) ol tailist character" of the SWP's pro­ This is an important escape clause gram and strategy. It chl'!-rges that the for the CP. It is consciously not THE DEMOCRATIC LEFT SWP gives uncritical support to liber­ running in many local, state, and als in the leadership of the Black, congressional races this fall in order to June 1976-Voi.IV, No.6 Edltact, by MICHAEL HARRINGTON labor, and women's movements. back the Democrat. (See the article on Among other groups and individuals the CP and the California U.S. Senate backing the SWP campaign are the race on page 20.) New Mexico Raza Unida party; Mario Compean, a leader of the Texas Raza American Maoists The People Unida party; civil rights fighter Robert VleeldJ F. Williams; Robert Allen, editor of the Almost all Maoist groups are boycot~ Published by the Socialist Labor Party ~ Established 1891 ting the elections this year. This is Black Scholar magazine; film maker true, for example, of the two largest Emile de Antonio; author Howard Maoist groups, the October League and Zinn; and Beverly Stewart, co­ Revolutionary Communist party. president of the National Organization One partial exception is the Commu­ This spring the SDUSA threw its nesses are weaknesses which would be for Women in Pittsburgh. nist Labor party. The CLP takes no support during the Democratic primar­ shared by the liberal candidates who position on the presidential race, but is ies to Henry Jackson, the most vocifer­ ran to his left in the primaries." running a candidate for state office in ously anticommunist of the contend­ The tiny social-democratic group Michigan. (See article on page 20). ers. Now, however, the SDUSA is that has taken the name Socialist the The Maoist-inclined Guardian news­ campaigning for Carter. party is running former Milwaukee paper is also calling for a boycott. Another social-democratic group, the Mayor· Frank Zeidler for president. one-stop "Don't vote, it only legitimizes them," Democratic Socialist Organizing Com­ Zeidler will appear on the ballot in advises the headline to an editorial in mittee, is headed by Michael Harring­ seven states, according to the SP. its October 20 issue. The Guardian, ton. "I intend to vote for Carter and to catalog for however, is unable to offer its readers work as hard as I can for his election," Other groups any positive alternative. Harrington wrote in the fall issue of The International Socialists are Declining voting levels, the editorial Dissent magazine. radical books boycotting the presidential election. In Pathfinder Press has just an­ says, and "the mass disaffection from "Ford's election would be a catas­ 1968 the IS was a driving force behind nounced publication of its new this year's campaign reveals a mea­ trophe," he says, "Carter's election the Peace and Freedom party, which 1976-77 Catalog. It's a comprehen­ sure of political sophistication among could be a point of departure. The trade ran E!dridge Cleaver for president. In sive reading list for anyone inter­ the masses that is more than a little unionists, minorities, feminists, and 1972 the IS urged a vote for candidates ested in socialist ideas. encouraging." reformers would be in movement the of the Socialist Workers party or the The catalog-listing several hun­ The Guardian advises against cast­ day after a Carter victory and in Socialist Labor party. dred books and pamphlets­ ing a "protest" vote for either the paralysis the day after a Ford victory.'' The Socialist Labor party is running includes: Communist party or Socialist Workers An article by Jack Clark in the a ticket again this year. Its candidates • the complete line of Pathfinder party presidential slates. " ... both of DSOC's Newsletter of the Democratic are on the ballot in ten states. these parties are so riddled with Left defends the pro-Carter stance this Press, Monad Press, and Education The People's party is also running a for Socialists publications, and the reformism that a vote for either-far way. "Carter's victory will be totally presidential slate. Its 1972 ticket, Young Socialist series; from being a 'protest'-is in essence an inadequate for the country and for the headed by Dr. Benjamin Spock, was on • books from publishers around accommodation to the capitalist sys­ Left. But Carter's defeating Ford is an the ballot in ten states. This year it the world; tem. Both are based on the proposition absolute precondition for social pro­ will be on the ballot in fewer. • Spanish- and Persian­ that capitalism can be made to gress in the next four years.'' The National Black Assembly is language sections. 'work.'" Carter is a "liberal, much like running a write-in campaign for Rev. You can get the Pathfinder Press S(J{!ial Democrats USA reflects the Johnson," Clark explains. "And, for Frederick Douglass Kirkpatrick. Kirk­ 1976-77 Catalog free by writing to: political views of the prevailing George all the horrors of Vietnam, Johnson patrick is not on the ballot in any Pathfinder Press, 410 West Street, Meany wing of the trade-union official­ was preferable to Goldwater; so, too, is states. New York, New York 10014. dom. Carter preferable to Ford. His weak- An editorial in the September issue

22 WiU-QIJ=\§:MB, the~ . - N.Y.C. cutbacks: 'The worst is still ahead' By Lynn Henderson and default no longer hangs over our NEW YORK-"The worst is behind heads every time we get a phone call us," proclaimed Victor Gotbaum, head from City Hall." WHERE THEY DON'T CUT BACK of the largest public-employee union in City hall lost no time exploding this Fiscal year New York City. Pollyanna perspective. Within days 1975 Gotbaum was addressing the Sep- after AFSCME delegates--approved the 1976 1977 tember 28 delegate assembly meeting new contract, the Democratic city Total city spending $13,631 $12,750 $11,991 of District Council 37, American Feder- administration announced it was plan- (in millions) ation of State, County and Municipal ning further spending cutbacks of $500 Employees. The meeting was called to million for the fiscal year starting next Debt service (interest 2,304 2,470 2,478 ratify a new city-wide contract nego- July. & principle on city bonds) tiated by Gotbaum covering District "The magnitude of the cuts to ·come Council 37's 120,000 members. is huge," reported the New York Times, Debt service as % of 16.9% 19.4% 20.7% This contract cuts city workers' "even by comparison to those the city city spending wages and benefits by a total of $15 has already achieved." Source: New York Daily News million. It includes a 10 percent salary Everything done in the first two cut and one-week cut in vacation time years of the cutback drive- for new employees. eliminating 50,000 city jobs, freezing In addition, all members are to give wages, ending free tuition and open Democratic candidate featured in the must have meant salvation through up one week's pay between January admissions at the city university, same issue of the District Council 37 Jesus. He did not say one word about and June 1977, supposedly to be repaid closing schools, hospitals, and newspaper. providing more federal funds for jobs "upon termination or retirement." firehouses-all this was aimed at The interviewer from AFSCME ap­ and social services in either "our great Gotbaum said this contract was not "saving" $600 million a year at most. peared awestruck that Carter was cities" or "our small towns." in the "tradition" of District Council Nearly that much again is to be cut dressed in "jeans, a sport shirt and In fact, the only specific promise 37. But, he assured the delegates, this in the coming year. In fact, city farmer's boots"-just like a regular made by Carter was that a Democratic was the last time the union would have officials admit the real figure may be worker! He was also bedazzled by administration would "back the issu­ to give up anything. much higher than $500 million. Carter's "direct gaze," his "forthright ance of bonds at the state and local Writing in the District Council 37 "The best news yet," Gotbaum wrote manner," and his "impression of level, and guarantee that the bonds newspaper September 10, Gotbaum in justifying his optimism, is the sincerity and compassion." will be sound." In other words, interest claimed to discern "growing signs that prospect of electing Jimmy Carter as Getting down to specifics,. Carter payments to the rich who hold city things will get better." president. declared that "our great cities, together bonds will be guaranteed. Soon, he promised, "we can come out Gotbaum hailed Carter's "sense of with oursmall towns, are the pillars of And what about the workers, the of the bomb shelters and into the decency and compassion for the people our civilization-they must be saved." poor, the Black and Puerto Rican sunlight, and look ahead to a time of New York City," allegedly demon- A close reading of the interview communities of New York? when the threat of layoffs and pay cuts strated in an interview with the leads to the conclusion that Carter The accurate assessment is the one given by Stephen Berger, head of the Emergency Financial Control Board, which will continue to run city finan­ ces in the interests of Wall Street Garza: unions need new strategy whether Carter or Ford is in the White [The following statement was out this cutback program. layoffs, they follow a policy of "cut House. issued by Catarino Garza, So­ There is no lack of funds. The anybody but our union." "People have assumed the worst is cialist Workers party candidate one item in the city budget that is With the most drastic cuts yet behind us," Berger said, "when the for U.S. Congress from New growing is the billions paid to the facing us next year, it is clearer worst is still ahead." York's Eighteenth District.] rich in interest on city bonds. than ever that this entire strategy Billions of our tax dollars are is futile, self-defeating, and in the One hundred persons attended a The announced plan of Mayor squandered on military purposes. long run suicidal. "Speakout Against the Cutbacks" held Abraham Beame's Democratic ad­ That money should be used to It is time for the unions to take at Public School 41 in Manhattan on ministration to redouble, in fiscal restore social services and to put the lead and put forward a social October 16. 1977, the already devastating cut­ unemployed people to work. program for defending the interests Speakers included Yolanda Sanchez, backs imposed on the working But the cutbacks are continuing of all the working people and chairperson of the East Harlem Ten­ people and poor of New York City and will increase because the oppressed of New York City. That ants Council; Marshall England, should come as no surprise. powerful social forces that could means breaking with the Demo­ chairperson of the New York Coalition It is part of a continuing drive to . stop them-the trade unions and cratic and Republican parties and for Community Health and vice­ reduce the standard of living-jobs, the Black and Puerto Rican taking independent labor political chairperson -of the Harlem Hospital wages, education, health care-of communities-have not been mobil­ action. Community Board; and Marion Porro, the majority of people in order to ized to do so. It means supporting the candi­ vice-president of Local 1930 (library protect and increase the wealth of a Instead, union officials like Al­ dates of the Socialist Workers party workers) of the American Federation of tiny minority. bert Shanker and Victor Gotbaum November 2 and beginning the State, County and Municipal Em­ The politicians of both the Demo­ pour the forces and resources of the process of building a labor party, ployees. cratic and Republican parties­ labor movement into electing more independent of the Democrats and The speak-out was sponsored by the both capitalist parties that put Democrats November 2. Republicans and based on the vast Community /Labor Alliance Against profits above human needs-are Instead of launching a united power of the organized labor move­ the Cuts, a coalition of activists and the main instruments for carrying fight against all the cuts and ment. leaders of community organizations and labor unions. U.S., Japanese socialists hit Lockheed cover-up By Jose G. Perez tions with street protests demanding In response to this conspiracy fundamental aim of which is to try to For nearly a year Japan has been full disclosure. They wanted the names against the right of Japanese and maintain capitalism in Japan and in rocked by its biggest political scandal of high-ranking government officials American citizens to know the full Asia as a whole." since the Second World War-the involved in the payoffs. truth about the Lockheed affair, revo- The statement noted the huge dem- Lockheed affair. This added weight to similar de- lutionary socialists in the two coun- onstrations in Japan, organized by Last February a U.S. Senate subcom- mands in the United States. tries have issued a joint declaration. trade unions and working-class politi- mittee revealed that since at least 1958 At first, the U.S. and Japanese rulers A September 15 statement by Peter cal parties, demanding full disclosure. the Lockheed Aircraft Corporation has resisted these demands. But as protests Camejo, presidential candidate of the It was read from the platform of a rally been bribing public officials in Japan mounted and further revelations sur- U.S. Socia).ist Workers party, and the sponsored by the JRCL and other and many other nations. faced, the Japanese government was SWP's sister organization, the Japan groups. In April, a new dimension was added forced to indict a number of officials, Revolutionary Communist League "Just as the capitalist rulers in to the scandal. It turned out that including Japan's former Prime Minis- (JRCL), demands "Release all the facts Washington and Tokyo have a com- Lockheed's main funnel for bribes to ter Kakuei Tanaka. about the Lockheed scandal, including mon interest in covering up the Lock- Japan-a New York-based company of the names of all government and heed scandal, so the working people of international money dealers-had These indictments have not ended corporate officials involved in the brib- Japan and the United States have a close links to the CIA. the cover-up. At the end of September, ery!" common interest in exposing the full It was also revealed that Yoshio for example, Japan's current prime "The Lockheed scandal reveals far truth," the statement says. It also Kodama, Lockheed's chief Japanese minister told Parliament that a full more than simply the corrupt practices demands: connection, also had a "working rela- report on the Lockheed scandal would of the imperialist corporations," the • "Make public all diplomatic, mil- tionship" with the CIA. have to be postponed until some statement says. itary, and corporate secrets of the U.S.- Kodama is one of the "godfathers" of unspecified future date. "The revelations give a glimpse of Japan alliance!" the Japanese underworld. He is an The excuse given by the prime the hidden underside of the system of • "Withdraw all U.S. military forces ultrarightist who wields tremendous minister was that Yoshio Kodama is capitalist democracy-its military and from Japan and the rest of Asia!" behind-the-scenes influence in Japan's too ill to answer questions. secret police apparatus working hand- • "Eliminate the military budgets Liberal Democratic party and business The United States government- in-glove with the corporations in their ... of Japan and the United States! circles. The LDP is Japan's ruling which is certain to be implicated in insatiable pursuit of profits. Use the funds to provide jobs and party. any full disclosure-has cooperated "The scandal throws light on the services urgently needed by the work- Millions of Japanese working people fully with cover-ups not only in Japan, post-war conspiratorial alliance of the ing people of both countries." and students responded to the revela- but throughout the world. U.S. and Japanese ruling classes, the • "Open all the files of the CIA!"

THE MILITANT/OCTOBER 29, 1976 23 Labor & the Elections

[Paula Reimers is the Socialist inflation. Welfare benefits, pensions, Workers party candidate for U.S. veterans benefits, and student stipends Sepate from Michigan. She is an should also have escalator clauses. active trade unionist, the second A labor party would fight for the vice-president of American Feder­ A Detroit right of working people to know the ation of Teachers Local 2000 in truth about what the government Detroit, and a delegate to the does-for opening up the secret files of Metropolitan Detroit AFL-CIO trade unionist and the FBI and the CIA, and publishing Council. The following is excerp­ the secret foreign agreements made by ted from a speech Reimers recent­ socialist candidate the Democrats and Republicans. A ly made to an SWP campaign ral­ labor party would stand for the right of ly.] workers to know what goes on behind for US. Senate· the closed doors of the corporations. If This has been a year of setbacks for they say they can't pay us a living the working people of Michigan. Here explains why wage, let's open up their books. in Detroit, during a boom year with record profits for the auto companies, Rights of Blacks, women there is double-digit unemployment. workers need a A lot of the members of a labor party Inflation. Layoffs. Cutbacks in so­ would be Black workers. They will cial services. That is the reality. labor party demand that the party help them in Meanwhile, profits soar and the banks PAULA REIMERS their struggles, both on the job and in take more and more of our taxes as the community. interest payments on their bonds. The Democrats and Republicans If it seems unj~st it's because it is The Michigan AFL-CIO and Detroit The AFL-CIO bureaucrats argue­ oppose busing. A labor party would be unjust. AFL-CIO endorsed James O'Hara in when this proposal is raised-that a in the forefront of the movement for I want to talk to you today about the Democratic primary for the job I labor party couldn't win. That workers desegregation. what working people can do through am running for, U.S. senator. The would just be throwing their votes A labor party would also stand up political action to change this situa­ AFL-CIO's Committee on Political away. for the rights of women-for the ERA, tion, to improve our living and work­ Education (COPE) provided O'Hara Well, workers are already throwing for child care, for the right to abortion, ing conditions. with money, poll workers, literature, their votes away. Voting for the for jobs and for job promotion. · speakers, and sound trucks. Democrats is voting for the party of The labor party would be in the Is politics always dirty? Now George Meany, president of the the bosses and against the interests of forefront of the struggle to end discrim­ Most workers today think of politics AFL-CIO; Bill Marshall, president of workers. inatory layoffs of Blacks and women. as something dirty and corrupt. Many the Michigan AFL-CIO; and Tom Look at the number of workers there It would fight to defend and extend don't want anything to do with it. Turner, president of the Metropolitan actually are-600,000 dues-paying affirmative action and job upgrading. Well, politics is dirty and corrupt­ Detroit AFL-CIO, have all made it union members in the Detroit area A labor party would be totally unlike the way it is practiced by the Demo­ clear that the AFL-CIO stands firmly alone, not counting other voting-age the Democratic and Republican par­ crats and Republicans. They use their in support of busing for school desegre­ members of union families, the unem­ ties. It would be a 365-day-a-year party, monopoly on political power in this gation. ployed or unorganized workers. not a vote-catching machine. That's country to advance the economic and Support to busing is a major plank of If you add the votes of labor's real because its members are 365-day-a­ social interests of the wealthy, the my platform. friends-the oppressed in this society, year unionists with 365 days of prob­ banks and corporations, at our ex­ Did you see the TV ads for O'Hara? Blacks, Chicanos, Puerto Ricans, and lems. They are going to expect their pense. They said, "Elect James O'Hara be­ women-you are talking about an party to fight for their needs full-time. They made the political decisions cause he is against Busing, Bureau­ enormous potential force that can that have brought us inflation and crats, and Big Government." ultimately dwarf the capitalist parties. Transforming the unions unemployment, They made the politi­ O'Hara, who lost the primary, was I know this doesn't sound like the cal decisions to cut back education, against busing. The AFL-CIO conse­ A fighting program labor movement as we all know it health services, and child care. quently supported a man who stands Right now, it's true, union members today. The unions themselves are not Their politics took us into the Viet­ against the aims and interests of the are not very enthusiastic about the democratically run by the ranks, and nam War and brought us to the brink Black community and the labor move­ candidates the unions support. they don't often stand up and fight for of war over the Middle East and ment. But that is completely understanda­ our needs the way they should. Angola. He used a code word, "big govern­ ble. We are asked to support candi­ But if you look at the mistakes and They are politically attacking the ment," to say he is in favor of dates who raise taxes on the poor and shortcomings and bad positions taken right of Black people to desegregated cutbacks. He is in favor of firing working people and then spend the by the unions today, you'll find that schools and housing, and the right of thousands of public employees, many money on tanks, on bombers, and on about 99 percent of them result from women to abortion. of whom pay dues to the AFL-CIO and enriching the bankers. union leaders subordinating labor's The ruling rich in this country are as kick in tens of thousands of dollars for Just think how different the re­ interests to this illusory "alliance" political as can be. They train some COPE. sponse would be to independent labor with the capitalist parties. members of their class, like the candidates with a program fighting for That's why the fight for independent Kennedys and Rockefellers, to special­ Equal Rights Amendment labor's real interests. labor political action is such an indis­ ize in politics. They hire the brightest Or take this example. The AFL-CIO A labor party would fight for the. pensible part of the fight to transform people they can find, the slickest supports the Equal Rights Amend­ right of all workers to a job. One of its the unions so that they can and will talkers, the flashiest smilers, to uphold ment. Yet the AFL-CIO also endorses planks would be a shorter workweek in fight for our interests. their political power. candidates who have introduced a all industry with no loss in weekly pay. There is no labor party in the 1976 They have two parties-the Demo­ resolution into the Michigan state Another plank would be taking the elections. But if you are in favor of the crats and Republicans-to give us the legislature to rescind passage of the $100-billion-plus that now goes to the ideas I have outlined-if you are in illusion that we have a choice when we ERA. It just doesn't make any sense. Pentagon and using that money for favor of the unions launching their vote. But both parties are 100 percent I am proud to say I spoke out and useful jobs, for education, for health own party and being politically inde­ committed to safeguarding the profits voted against every one of those services, for child care. of the rich. pendent of the parties of the bosses­ endorsements on the floor of the Metro A labor party would stand for So the question is, how can working then you should vote for the Socialist Detroit AFL-CIO Council. automatic escalators in wages to meet Workers party. people exercise political power to It's the same story all the way up to advance our own interests? It's not a AFL-CIO support for Jimmy Carter, new question. who is against busing, against abor­ tion, supports antiunion "right · to Searching for 'friends' work" laws, and puts the war budget The standard answer of the present ahead of social services. Class-Struggle Policy in the labor leadership is to support "friend­ ly" candidates in the Democratic and For a labor party Republican parties. If a "friendly" The Socialist Workers party proposes Rise of the Labor Movement candidate can't be found-and it's something radically different. We pro­ getting harder and harder-they'll pose that the unions organize their settle for one who at least seems less own independent political party, a By Tom Kerry hostile to labor. labor party. A forty-year veteran of the labor and socialist movements shows how That is the strategy followed by the Stop this futile game of trying to class-struggle ideas spurred the growth of American unionism, including: AFL-CIO, the United Auto Workers, "influence" the capitalist Democratic the Seattle general strike of 1919; the struggl!'!S of West Coast maritime the Thmsters, the National Education party and establish a party that workers in the 1930s; the role of the Communist party; and the part Association-the entire labor leader­ working people, through our unions, played by revolutionists in left-wing trends in the unions. ship. would control. We could elect our own I don't think that method has been representatives-working men and An Education for Socialists publication, 8 1/~ x 11 format, 24 pp., 75 cents very effective. Let's take some exam­ women-to public office to fight for Order from Pathfinder Press, 410 West Street, New York, N.Y. 10014 ples. what we need.

24 A WEEKLY INTERNATtONAL SUPPLEMENT TO THE MILITANT BASED ON SELECTIONS FROM INTERCONTINENTAL PRESS, A NEWSMAGAZINE REFLECTING THE VIEWPOINT OF REVOLUTIONARY SOCIALISM

OCTOBER 29, 1976

§Qurred bY-_P-olice killing~- 600,000 join general strike in Basque country

By Tony Thomas Henry Giniger in the September 28 New York Times estimated that of the On September 27, the Basque nation hundreds of political prisoners in in the Spanish state erupted in a Spain "the bulk are Basques convicted massive general strike protesting polit­ of so-called 'crimes of blood,' which the ical repression and the denial of the [July 1976] amnesty does not cover." Basque people's rights. Among these "crimes" is "terrorism," Rouge, the French Trotskyist daily, which may involve any physical con­ reported that 600,000 workers, "per­ flict with the police, or membership in haps the whole of the working class in an organization deemed "terrorist" by the Basque country," answered the call the Francoist regime. for a general strike. During the strike, there were numer­ Amnesty for political prisoners was a central demand of general strike Rouge described the scene during the ous demonstrations and clashes with strike: "In Biscay, Navarre, Alava, the police throughout the Basque and Guipuzcoa [the four Basque pro­ country, Giniger reported. Groups of In still another protest of brutality ed in July between postal authorities vinces], the work stoppage was total. workers led by the Communist and by the regime, tens of thousands of and the workers commission represent­ Everywhere the sight was the same: Socialist parties tried to meet peace­ workers struck in Madrid October 1, ing postal employees. The government the curtains and shutters of closed fully in town squares, but were protesting the murder of a psychology claimed that it was not bound to stores, only a few buses carrying dispersed by riot police · under orders student by a fascist gang on Sep­ concessions made to the workers com­ strikers were running, and everywhere not to tolerate street demonstrations. tember 27. mission, which is an illegal organiza­ assemblies, meetings." In Baracaldo, in the industrial belt Democratic liberties tion under the fascist regime. A report in the September 23 Le surrounding Bilbao, 3,000 strikers There were various estimates of the Monde said that the strike had been stood silently while speakers told them size of the Madrid action. "A govern­ Police attack called on September 21 by "all the "as long as one son of our people is ment count put the number of strikers The strike began in Madrid and opposition political organizations in imprisoned, we democrats are obliged at 25,000; a spokesman for the Workers spread to eleven other cities, including to fight for him." After twenty minutes Commissions claimed 200,000," James Barcelona, Bilbao, Malaga, and Se­ of further speeches, helmeted police M. Markham reported in an October 1 ville. An estimated twenty thousand arrived and violently attacked the dispatch to the New York Times. He postal workers participated in the demonstration. said that the themes of the day "of strike, tying up postal and telegraphic At Guernica, Rouge reported, the work stoppages, slowdowns, picketing service. police attacked a demonstration and street protests-on occasion Clashes between strikers and police marching on the town hall to chants of dispersed by riot police-were broa­ took place on September 25 in Madrid "Freedom, Amnesty." during a protest against the introduc­ oMadrid dened to include demands for full democratic liberties and the legaliza­ tion of "volunteer" strikebreakers. Canary Islands That afternoon, two thousand strikers SPAIN tion of the country's. embryonic non­ September 27 was also the date of a government labor unions." were attacked by police as they tried to general strike in the Canary Islands. Markham described some of the march on general security headquar­ The strike call came after the death of problems of organizing the strike: ters at the Plaza de la Puerta-del-Sol in Bartolome Garcia, a twenty-one-year­ Madrid. old student killed by the police, sup­ Even the Communist-dominated Workers Giniger reported in the September 26 posedly in a case of mistaken identity. Commissions and the Socialist General New York Times that the police fired U.S. News & World Report The police were searching homes of Union of Workers seemed lukewarm about shots at the demonstrators and arrest­ supporters of autonomy for the Canar­ today's action. Only far-left enthusiasts ed Geronimo Lorente, a strike leader. ies, claiming they were looking for the seemed willing to term the action a general The day before, Andres Martin Moya, strike. the Spanish Basque country, from the kidnapper of a local industrialist. One labor informant said that political another strike leader, was arrested. moderate socialists to the ETA."1 The Twenty-five thousand persons at­ guidance for the hastily called "day of Reporting on the strike settlement, a date picked for the strike was the first tended Garcia's funeral on September struggle" had been somewhat confusing­ New York Times dispatch dated Sep­ anniversary of the execution on Sep­ 25. As soon as the funeral ended, with the ultimate decision usually being tember 29 said: "No details were tember 27, 1975, of three members of groups of autonomist activists were taken by local leaders in a belt of factories immediately available on the strike the FRAP2 and two members of the attacked by the police. A dispatch in on the outskirts of Madrid. As a result, the agreement. Informed sources spoke of ETA accused by the fascist regime of the September 28 Le Monde reported, militant and fairly well-organized workers a compromise on the mailmen's de­ "terrorism." "The most violent clashes left several from metal-working, construction and print­ mands for wage increases and the wounded among the demonstrators ing plants in the industrial belt were in the release of those arrested." An especially important demand of forefront of the protest. the general strike was freedom for and six wounded among the police, The continuing ferment among the Basque political prisonez:.s. A report by who had been hit by stones.'' Another sign of the upsurge of oppressed nationalities, workers, and Giniger reported in the September 29 worker militancy within the Spanish youth show that the Spanish capital­ New York Times that "thousands" state was the eight-day postal strike ists have little to be happy about. 1. Euzkadi ta Azkatasuna (Basque Nation stopped work in protest of the police that ended September 29. Despite repression and attempts to and Freedom). attack. He said this "protest movement The strikers' demands included slow the upsurge by promises of 2. Frente Revolucionario Antifascista y was another example of how the police higher wages, release of imprisoned reforms, the masses continue to mobil­ Patriota (Revol~tionary Antifascist and have come under fire after long impun­ strike leaders, and honoring by the ize to fight for the rights denied them Patriotic Front). ity from criticism." government of an agreement negotiat- for four decades.

25 World Outlook

~ueak bY. in German elections Social Democrats duck issue of democratic rights By Gerry Foley The gravest weakness of the SPD in this campaign is its failure to stand up [The results of Germany's election to the antidemocratic offensive of the became available after this article was bourgeois party, their refusal to coun­ written. Official figures, as reported in ter the Christian Democrats' calls for the October 4 New York Times, credit­ "freedom" for exploiters with a defense ed the ruling Social Democratic-Free of the concrete democratic rights of Democratic party coalition with an workers, intellectuals, and youth. Its eight-seat majority in the 496-member opportunism on this question is put­ lower house of parliament. ting the SPD in an impossible position, [Of the more than thirty-seven mil­ since it 'is clear from the Christian lion voters who went to the polls, 42.6% Democrats' campaign that the capital­ voted Social Democratic (down 3.2% ists will never trust the SPD to defend from 1972), 7.9% voted for the Free capitalist rule, especially in a deepen­ Democratic party (down 0.5%), and ing international economic crisis. 48.6% voted Christian Democratic (up It is a measure of the SPD leaders' 3.7'!7u).] betrayal of the historic traditions of the German workers movement that The campaign for the October 3 West they let the bourgeois parties put them German elections has been presented Schmidt (left) and Kohl. Social Democrats lost ground to Christian Democrats in on the defensive on the question of in the international capitalist press as German election. democracy. In Germany, no bourgeois one without issues. force ever waged a determined fight "The lack of genuine debate and the even for parliamentary rule. It was the shortage of real issues in the West who initially popularized the slogan, tionalist demagogy has been the major workers movement that struggled for German general election campaign is "Freedom Instead of Socialism." In an element in the Christian Democrat democracy. beginning to look positively eerie," the interview in the September 13 issue of campaign. For example, a dispatch The question of democratic rights is London Times commented in its Sep­ the weekly Der Spiegel, he made it from Michael Getler in the September in fact the most important issue in this tember 9 issue. clear that he is out to brand the very 13 Washington Post reported: "Kohl's election "without issues"-without In an editorial September 29, the idea of socialism as criminal. tactics play on German emotions. The issues because the SPD gave up on the New York Times said: national anthem is played after each question without a fight. speech and the second big opposition . . . there are no burning issues in either Freedom vs. socialism? I didn't invent this slogan, although it foreign or home-front policy that divide Mr. campaign slogan [is] 'out of the love German Trotskyists corresponds to my way of thinking. The Schmidt's forces [the Social Democrats] for Germany.' " The German authorities, under a inventer was a well-known, internationally from those of Mr. Kohl [the Christian In the September 23 New York Times Social Democratic government, evi­ respected Nobel Prize-winning economist Democrats]. It has been a campaign waged Whitney noted Kohl's technique: "He dently do not even want the issue of mostly on differences in emphasis rather Friedrich August Hayek . . . who wrote a talks about 'the fatherland' and he is democratic rights raised. A campaign than of basic policy, and most observers remarkable book entitled The Road to Serfdom. In this book, he proves that leading audiences from one end of the announcement by the Trotskyists of believe the results will hinge heavily on the fascism, National Socialism, Marxism, and country to the other in the singing of the Gruppe Internationale Marxisten reaction of the voters to the personalities of Communism are brothers, or offspring of the West German national anthem: (GIM-International Marxist Group, the four principals. . . . the same parents, brothers partially hostile 'Unity, justice and freedom for the German section of the Fourth Interna­ Mr. Kohl's slogan, "Freedom Instead of to each other, but products of the same soil, German fatherland.' " tional) was rejected by West German Socialism," is ludicrous when applied to collectivism. Therefore, it is absurd to Chancellor Schmidt, who has dealt harshly The Social Democrats' campaign, on Radio on the grounds that the follow­ with the Social Democratic left wing since maintain that socialism and freedom are the other hand, was so soothing it ing passage violated a provision pro­ he succeeded Willy Brandt in 1974, and has identical. threatened to put their own supporters hibiting "slandering the organs of directed Western Europe's most effective Der Spiegefs interviewer tried to to sleep. According to Der Spiegel, constitutional government." anti·inflation and economic recovery pro­ most experts expected a much larger convince Strauss that the Social Demo­ By its measures against freedom of grams, using such respectable conservative rate of abstention among SPD* suppor­ crats were no longer really socialists. ~:;peech and opinion for certain currents in instruments as budget cutbacks followed by The reactionary politician responded ters than among the Christian Demo­ the workers movement, through the black­ an $8 billion tax cut and lower interest that while not all members of the crat following. listing law ... the Socialist-Liberal govern­ rates. Social Democratic party were socialists In particular, the SPD seems to be ment has already forged instruments that Obviously the Social Democrats in the old sense, the party as a whole losing support among youth, who have can enable a future reactionary government would prefer that there be no funda­ still could not be trusted: been hit hardest by rising unemploy­ to ban all Marxist propaganda in Germany, mental issues at stake. According to a ment. Christian Democratic influence in the style of Hitler. September 28 dispatch from Mainz by Important sectors of this party are on the has also been growing in the schools, road back to the old socialism that Hayek The decision not to broadcast this New York Times correspondent Craig was referring to. Our generation has been where a right-wing atmosphere has statement is particularly ironic in view R. Whitney, Schmidt has even tried to accused of not fighting dangerous embryos been developing, thanks at least in of the redbaiting campaign the Chris­ identify himself with the heirs of that appeared in the interwar period. Today part to the witch-hunting of left and tian Democrats have been running Nixon in the United States. we are taking this lesson to heart and liberal teachers that was initiated with against the SPD. It is to be hoped that Whitney quoted Schmidt as saying: acting in accordance with the rule principiis SPD complicity. The SPD youth organ­ these attacks will awaken the labor "During my visit to the United States obsta, crush it in the egg. izations, constantly under suspicion movement to the dangers of failing to three months ago, President Ford said for "leftism" in the eyes of the party fight the anticommunist witch­ West Germany was a model of social In the state of Hesse, Christian bosses and their union bureaucrat hunting. stability. Mr. Ford is a conservative, allies, are hardly in a position to Democrat red-baiting has a clearer Beginning to change the attitude of but in contrast to ours, he is a decent focus-the demand to expel all radicals compete with the Christian Democrat the broad labor movement on the conservative." organizations operating in the same and liberals from teaching and to question of democracy depends largely Thus, it is not surprising that the milieu. reinstate the traditional right-wing on the impact of those forces that Social Democratic leadership has been indoctrination. understand the historic interests of the stung by the boutgeo:l.s party's refusal The Social Democrats have re­ *SPD-Sozialdemokratische Partei working class. An example is the to keep its campaign on the same level sponded to these- red-baiting attacks Deutschlands (Social Democratic Party of Trotskyists of the GIM, who waged an of consensus. only in a limited way, blaming the Germany). extensive election campaign. right wing of the Christian Democracy Revive anticommunism represented by Strauss and Dregger, The Christian Democrats have in among others. They have tried to fact raised a fundamental issue; they dismiss Kohl himself as simply a have sought to revive aggressive provincial politician out of his depth. anticommunism and nationalism. In However, in his interview in the short, they have begun in this cam­ August 23 Der Spiegel, Kohl took the paign to rally reactionary forces to same line as the Bavarian caudillo step up the pressure on a workers Strauss: movement led by bureaucrats who Socialism is not just Communist dictator­ advocate "neutral" technocratic man­ ship, the Wall, the Gulag Archipelago. agement of "consumer" capitalism. Socialism is also the creeping demolition of Schmidt's efforts to achieve a "gen­ free society through increasing taxes, an tlemanly" consensus with the Chris­ anti-private-property economic policy, col­ tian Democrats have been to little lectivist education, and so on. So-called avail. He found himself facing a democratic socialism begins building a vicious redbaiting campaign, which is society of bondage in innumerable individu­ aimed at him and the right-wing Social al sectors.... Democratic leadership, as well as the Many countries in our free West are radical youth. already on the road to such a society of bondage. We in Germany have to nip this in The Bavarian Christian Democrat the bud. leader Franz Josef Strauss is one of the rman warplanes. Social Democrats most truculent redbaiters. It was he In addition to anticommunism, na- demagogy of rightist opponents.

26 A 'statesman' after their own hearts Kings, presidents, tin horn dictators mourn Mao

By David Frankel In a September 10 message express­ ing his "profound and sincere sym­ The death of Mao Tsetung Sep­ pathy," Pahlavi hailed "the late chair­ tember 9 was the occasion for an man's illustrious role in the outpouring of official grief that would establishment of the People's Republic have done credit to Winston Churchill, of China ... which has ushered in a new Charles de Gaulle, or Franklin D. era of greatness and prosperity" and Roosevelt. Kings, presidents, and which "will be permanently recorded prime ministers-rulers charged with as one of the most brilliant chapters in the defense of capitalism in every Chinese history." Expressed appreciation for services rendered (clockwise from top left): General corner of the world-paid glowing Also listed among the admirers of Pinochet of Chile; Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi of Iran; King Juan Carlos I of tribute to the man who, according to Mao by Hsinhua was General Suharto, his followers, dedicated his life "to the a man who became president of In­ Spain; and Richard Nixon. emancipation of the oppressed nations donesia in 1965 by butchering as many and oppressed people the world over, as one million persons. Suharto said and to the cause of communism" of Mao, "He will be remembered by the was sending condolences on the death and China are developing, I am (Hsinhua, September 10). world as a statesman of historic o{"the greatest Marxist of the contem­ sincerely distressed on the passing Prominent among the mourners stature who rendered his great service porary era." away of this great leader." around the world were the relics of a to the people and the state of the Praise also came from Australian feudal past, now employed in the People's Republic of China." Rejected messages Prime Minister Malcolm Fraser, who service of the capitalist order. Hsin­ Flags were flown at half-mast and When they felt that a strong political declared that under Mao's "guidance hua, the official Chinese news service, periods of national mourning were protest was needed to make clear and inspiration China regained its listed condolences from King Olav V of decreed for Mao in Argentina, Syria, where their sympathies lay, they were national respect and international Norway, King Hassan II of Morocco, and Sri Lanka. Sirimavo Bandara­ firm and unhesitating. On September influence. His was the guiding hand King Baudouin of Belgium, Queen naike of Sri Lanka must have remem­ 14, the Peking bureaucrats rejected as in recent years China emerged to Elizabeth II of Britain, Queen Mar­ bered with particular gratitude the messages from the Communist parties play a major role in world affairs." grethe II of Denmark, and the Grand military and financial help offered her of the Soviet Union, Poland, East French President Valery Giscard Duke, His Royal Highness Jean, of by Mao in 1971, when her regime faced Germany, Bulgaria, Hungary, Cze­ d'Estaing called Mao "a statesman of Luxembourg, to name but a few. a rebellion of radicalized youths. choslovakia, and Mongolia. exceptional stature," and vowed, Royalty no longer has the preroga­ Philippine dictator Ferdinand Mar­ No such qualms were exhibited when "France will not forget that he was, tives it once did, and many of these cos, whose regime has just been cited it came to testimonials from imperial­ together with General de Gaulle, who crowned heads must have felt a twinge by Amnesty International for its use of ist governments, parties, and politi­ held him in high esteem, the architect of envy at the absolute power held by torture against political prisoners, cians. Thus, Richard Nixon's remarks of rapprochement of our two coun­ Mao before his death. King Juan added his name to those who lamented on Mao's death were printed in Hsin­ tries." Carlos I of Spain, the handpicked the loss of Chairman Mao. Marcos hua right below those of President ". . . a great statesman of world successor of fascist dictator Francisco was received as an honored guest in Ford. Nixon called Mao "a unique renown" was the way British Prime Franco, expressed confidence "that the Peking only last year. man in a generation of great revolu­ Minister James Callaghan described image of the late chairman will serve tionary leaders," and pointed in partic­ Mao. forever as the model and orientation Pinochet ular to the deal he engineered with for his people." But certainly the crowning honor for Mao at the expense of the Vietnamese Contrast The king, who would doubtless be the man who, according to Hsinhua, revolution in 1972. It is worth contrasting the reaction pleased if he could be assured of "blazed a new trail for the cause of "The new relationship which we in imperialist capitals to Mao's death weathering the next few years, let liberation of the oppressed nations and established then," Nixon said, "was a with their reaction when Leon Trotsky alone eternity, went in person to oppressed people," came on September tribute to ... far-sighted vision on his died. The August 23, 1940, issue of the present a wreath in memory of Mao to 10. On that day, Hsinhua reported, part." New York Times, for example, declared the Chinese embassy. " ... Chilean Deputy Interior Minister Ford also hailed the accomplish­ that Trotsky's assassination was "no Enrique Montero . . . declared Sep­ ments of detente, saying, "Americans more ruthless than the Russian revolu­ Shah tember 12, 13, and 14 as days of official will remember that it was under tion which this consummate firebrand Mao, "the great teacher of the national mourning for Chairman Mao Chairman Mao that China moved in exile had himself set alight and kept international proletariat and the op­ Tsetung with flags on public buildings together with the United States to end aflame a generation ago. . . . It was pressed nations and oppressed people," to be flown at half-mast." a generation of hostility and to launch not enough for him that Russia should had another royal friend in Shahan­ The period of national mourning was a new and more positive era in be drenched in blood and suffering; the shah (king of kings) Mohammad Reza announced by the ministry of the relations between our two countries." whole world had to wade through a sea Pahlavi. The shah, an expert on the interior, which is in charge of the Former Japanese Prime Minister of violence so that the triumph of the subject of oppressed nations, holds police and prisons. Perhaps then the Kakuei Tanaka, and current Prime proletariat could be assured." Kurds, Azerbaijani Turks, and Balu­ thousands of political prisoners in the Minister Takeo Miki, both took time off The venom of the Times was typical. chis under his reign of terror, in junta's concentration camps and tor­ from the Lockheed payoffs scandal to Trotsky was a "firebrand," not a addition to his own Persians. But Mao ture chambers will be awarded memor­ eulogize Mao. Tanaka said he was "statesman." In the intervening was willing to overlook the oppression ial copies of Mao's little red book, to "deeply grieved" at Mao's demise, and period the imperialists have not of nations and the torture of Iranian better appreciate the wisdom of what recalled that "in order to end decades changed their views on the threat of oppositionists in the interests of friend­ Hsinhua calls the "great, glorious and of unfortunate history of relations revolution, as the events in Vietnam so ly diplomatic relations with the shah, correct Marxist-Leninist party which is between Japan and China, I visited amply demonstrated. The difference in and the shah himself was only too today exercising leadership over the Peking as a representative of Japan." the way they assessed Trotsky and pleased to stay on good terms with any People's Republic of China." Miki termed Mao "a great statesman Mao was the difference between their "communist" who supported his re­ Mao's successors cannot be charged of the world," and said, "At the present hatred for an enemy and their appreci­ gime. with ignoring the question of just who time when relations between Japan ation for services rendered.

Bishop Adriano Hipolito was kid­ freed, his car exploded in front of the bombing, t0o. napped, badly beaten, and threatened downtown 'Rio headquarters of the Although not the most outspoken Brazilian with death in a suburb of Rio de Conferencia N acional dos Bispos do member of the CNBB, Hipolito is well Janeiro September 22. Kidnapped Brasil (CNBB-National Conference of known as a supporter of human rights. along with him was his nephew, Brazilian Bishops). The wreckage His kidnapping and the subsequent Fernando Leal Webering. contained leaflets signed by the Alia­ bombings followed shortly on AAB bishop Two hours later, the bishop was nva Anticomunista Brasileira (AAB­ bombings of three other institutions dumped-bound and gagged-at the Brazilian Anticommunist Alliance). associated with human rights-the side of a road, where he was rescued by The text referred to Communists in the Associavao Brasileira de lmprensa kidnapped a passing motorist. Webering was Catholic church and said that Hipolito (ABI-Brazilian Press Association), found the following morning. had been punished for being one of Ordem dos Advogados do Brasil The six armed men who carried out them. · (OAB-Order of Brazilian Lawyers), the kidnapping divided into teams of and Cebrap, a Sao Paulo sociological two, one driving off with Hipolito, one Simultaneously with the explosion of research group. with his nephew, and the third with the bishop's car, a bomb went off the bishop's car. They told Hipolito, outside the home of Roberto Marinho. "The latest events have the clear "This will teach you, you shameless Owner of the Rio de Janeiro daily 0 markings of the police, of persons Communist. The only reason you are Globo, a television station, and several accustomed to doing such things," not going to die is that the chief does radio stations, Marinho had video­ commented an Intercontinental Press not want us to kill anyone now." taped an interview with Hipolito that correspondent who follows Brazilian Two hours after the bishop was afternoon. The AAB took credit for this affairs closely;

27 World Outlook

fAnti-Americanism could. become a serious Rroblem' Billions of dollars in U.S. arms pour into Iran By Majid N amvar

"Out of control"-that was the way U.S. arms sales to the shah of Iran were described in a recent report by a subcommittee of the U.S. Senate For­ eign Relations Committee. Released August 1, the fifty-nine­ page report found that the shah is the largest single purchaser of U.S. mil­ itary equipment. In the four-year period ending )n June 1976, the shah paid the Pentagon and various U.S. arms manufacturers a total of $10.4 billion. But Iran, with its nonindustrial economy, lacks a work force with the skills necessary to maintain and oper­ ate the sophisticated weapons pur­ Iranian tanks on parade. Shah's repr~ssive regime is armed to the teeth by Washington. chased by the shah. Therefore, the report says, the Iranian army will be unable to use these arms "unless Furthermore, Kissinger informed the cises and flypasts and shows off his composed of non-Persian nationalities. increasing numbers of American per­ Senate subcommittee on August 27 latest purchases to his son," according These nationalities have been deprived sonnel go to Iran in a support capaci­ that in addition to the $10 billion in to Housego. of their most basic democratic rights. ty." military sales already agreed to, the But however much the shah enjoys They are forbidden even to use their The way the Senate committee sees shah will also buy 160 newly manufac­ expensive and deadly toys, both he own languages in the schools. it, "the U.S. assumes the obligation of tured F-16 fighter planes at a total cost and his imperialist suppliers have In the past, the two largest op­ long-term support for the equipment it of $3.4 billion. other motivations for this joint arms pressed nationalities, the Azerbaijani has sold; the purchaser becomes de­ Among the other weapons the shah program. It has been a long-standing Turks and the Kurds, have demon­ pendent on the U.S. in much the same is buying or has already bought are: policy of the American imperialists to strated their desire for self­ manner as a local automobile dealer is • 290 Phantom fighter-bombers with strengthen the shah's regime as a determination. Short-lived auton­ dependent on Detroit." three and possibly four varieties of counterrevolutionary base in the Arab­ omous governments were set up in the However, what is involved is not missiles for them. Persian Gulf area. In recent years, the areas inhabited by both peoples in late automobiles. As the report points out, . • 300 F-5 light interceptors. shah has been able to play a more 1945. the Iranian regime could not "go to • Eighty F-14 fighters with Phoenix extensive role in combating the Arab The potentially explosive state of war in the next five to ten years . . . missiles. (Part of the production costs revolution. affairs on the southeastern borders of without U.S. support on a day-to-day are being covered by the Iranian re­ After invading three small Arab Iran is another source of worry for the basis." gime.) islands off the Arabian Peninsula, and shah. There are signs of unrest among As of January 1976, there were • An electronic intelligence network, taking them over as military bases, the the Baluchi people, who are oppressed already an estimated 24,000 Ameri­ "Project Ibex," which may be supplied shah dispatched several thousand under both the Iranian and Pakistani cans stationed in Iran. This number by Rockwell International. troops to Oman in December 1973, regimes. The Senate study notes: "could easily reach 50,000-60,000 or • More than 500 Bell helicopters reportedly at the request of the U.S. higher by 1980," the Senate report (part of the development costs for these Central Intelligence Agency. The Iran­ India concludes. are being covered by Iran), and more ian troops were sent to help the "Iran is especially concerned about The flow of arms and advisers to than 100 Augusta Bell helicopters. reactionary Qabus regime crush the the centrifugal tendencies within the Iran turned into a flood as a result of a • Seven antisubmarine destroyers, eleven-year struggle for self­ Baluchestan regions of southeast Iran secret agreement reached between including four of the ultramodern determination in the Dhofar region. and Pakistan. A new conflict between President Nixon and the shah in May Spruance class. Although the shah has repeatedly Pakistan and India, perhaps prompted 1972. Nixon agreed, according to the • Four_ frigates with Seacat and proclaimed himself victorious in wip­ by separatist tendencies in Baluches­ Senate study, "to sell Iran virtually Seakiller missiles. ing out the Dhofar rebels, his troops tan, could result in Iranian support for any conve.ntional weapons it wanted." • Forty-five smaller naval vessels are still stationed in Oman. The shah Pakistan since the Shah has stated An appendix to the report lists 118 with Exocet missiles. may well use Oman as a base for that Iran would regard any attempt by visits to Iran by senior Pentagon • 2,300 British Chieftan tanks, and future military interventions against India or another power to further officials during the two-and-one-half the Arab revolution. dismember Pakistan as a threat to its years from September 1973 to March Moreover, when situations that can­ own security." 1976. Between 1971 and 1975, the not be handled by Iranian troops arise, The complications that could arise shah's military budget increased ten­ the Pentagon counts on having ready­ from such a confrontation between fold. made bases in Iran that can be used in Iran and India were noted in the No change in U.S. policy is proposed launching its own intervention. Senate report, which suggested that by the Senate report, although it points "Though officials do not say so," the extent of Washington's commit­ out the danger of U.S. involvement in Harry Ellis reported in the August 9 ment to Iran might make it difficult for any military action undertaken by the Christian Science Monitor, "sales of the U.S. to maintain a neutral stance. shah. The Senate subcommittee, which the latest U.S. air, land, and naval At a Tehran news conference August is dominated by well-known liberals equipment to Iran could give the 6, the shah, accompanied by Kissinger, such as Hubert Humphrey, Frank United States, in time of need, a vast reacted to the suggestion in the Senate Church, and George McGovern, simply cache of armaments on hand in the study that he restrain his appetite for suggested that the pace of arms sales Middle East." American arms by pointing to the to the shah and the type of arms sold Of course the shah would not hesi­ importance of his counterrevolutionary should be adjusted to better enable the tate to use this same cache of arma­ services. Iranian military establishment to ments against his own people. This "Can the United States or the non­ absorb them. was clearly demonstrated in June Communist world afford to lose Iran?" The response of the Ford adm~nistra­ 1963, when the Iranian army mas­ the shah asked. "What will you do if tion came in a comminique ::;igned in sacred 10,000 persons in less than a one day Iran will be in danger of Tehran August 7 by Henry Kissinger week. · collapsing? Do you have any choice?" and Iran's economics minister, Hu­ U.S. News & World Report Kissinger backed up the shah, say­ shang Ansari. The joint statement Oppressed nationalities ing the Ford administration attaches revealed that the shah is planning to The liberals in the Senate are well "great importance to relations with buy yet another $10 billion worth of 400 M-47 and 600 M-60 tanks that are aware that the flow of U.S. arms keeps Iran as well as to the crucial role Iran American weaponry by 1980. being modernized. the shah on his throne. As the Senate plays in the security and balance of Kissinger explained that the shah In addition, the sale of eight Ameri­ study explained, "the most important the whole [Middle East] area." ' was planning to buy $34 billion in can nuclear reactors is currently under factor which prevents the outbreak of On this score, the luminaries of the American goods and services, includ- discussion. more internal violence and separatist American Senate have no difference . ing the new military hardware, by What is behind this gigantic arms tendencies [in Iran] is the strength and with Kissinger. Their report even 1980. During this same period, the build-up? loyalty of the Iranian armed forces. hinted at the possibility of future United States is supposed to import The Shah's decisions on weapons American intervention, saying: $16 billion worth of Iranian goods, Arab revolution procurement, together with the prefer­ "Anti-Americanism could become a including $14 billion of oil. This David Housego suggested one reason ential treatment accorded to the Iran­ serious problem in Iran, as it has arrangement will clearly lead to an in the August 28 issue of the British ian military in terms of pay and elsewhere, if there were to be a change increase in the current $2.5 billion financial weekly, The Economist. "The privileges, are designed, in part, to in government in Iran. The possibility deficit in the Iranian budget, which Shah likes expensive military equip­ keep the military content." of a future crisis situation cannot be has been caused by the shah's enor­ ment, subscribes to arms manuals as The report's reference to "separatist totally ignored and for this reason mous military spending, coupled with another man might to gardening tendencies" concerns the more than 60 contingency plans to deal with such an a decline in oil revenues. magazines, organises military exer- percent of Iran's population that is emergency are necessary."

28 Free the five P.R. Nationalists! We don't consider ourselves, despite the gov­ few authorized visitors are sometimes arbitrarily ernment efforts to prove the contrary, as crimi­ refused the right to see the prisoners, even after nals. All our lives and all our lives' actions have traveling all the way from Puerto Rico. been inspired on the political aspirations of • The five's mail privileges are severely seeing our country independent and free of all restricted. Unlike most other federal prisoners, foreign control. they aren't allowed to write to anyone they -Oscar Collazo choose. Many letters of encouragement and support never reach their hands. By Jose G. Perez • The five are forbidden from receiving numer­ Oscar Collazo is the longest-held political ous publications, especially newspapers support­ prisoner in the entire Western Hemisphere. He ing Puerto Rican independence. has been in prison for more than a quarter • Christmas packages permitted under regula­ century. tions inexplicably fail to arrive. He is not in Brazil, Argentina, Chile or any • Prison authorities have victimized the five other of the Latin American military dictator­ for nonviolent acts of protest. ships, although he is a Latin American. Freedom for the five nationalists is the rallying Callazo is in Leavenworth Federal Prison in cry of the entire Puerto Rican nation. Those who Kansas. support their release include: the Puerto Rican He and four other members of the Nationalist Senate (unanimously); Puerto Rican House of party of Puerto Rico-Lolita Lebron, Irving Representatives (unanimously); all three former Flores, Rafael Cancel Miranda, and Andres elected governors of Puerto Rico and the present Figueroa Cordero-have been held in U.S. governor; all candidates for governor in the prisons since the early 1950s. November elections; all proindependence groups; one of the clearest illustrations of the inhuman The United States government does not admit and all political parties. vindictiveness of the United States government that the five are political prisoners. Instead, it in the case of the five nationalists. Many other groups on the island have also claims they are common criminals and refuses to spoken out for release of the five. They included He is in the U.S. Medical Facility in Spring­ release them. But the facts show they remain in the United Labor Movement, a coalition of forty field, Missouri, dying of cancer. Last December jail today not for what happened more than two unions; the Catholic Bishops Conference; the his doctors said he had at most three years to decades ago, but for strictly political reasons. live. He has undergone three operations to try to Episcopal church; and the Bar Association. At the end of October 1950, a proindependence In the United States, freedom for the five has arrest the cancer, but to no avail. rebellion broke out in Puerto Rico, provoked by won broad support. The Americans for Democrat­ The U.S. government says the prisoner's U.S. repression against the Nationalist party. ic Action and the National Lawyers Guild have health is no reason to release him, and at best In the midst of the rebellion, two nationalists spoken out for their release, as have U.S. they'll release him when he has only three living in New York traveled to Washington, D.C., months to live. representatives John Conyers, Ronald Dellums, add fired at the Blair House, temporary residence Phillip Burton, and Herman Badillo. The five have not been treated like other of President Truman. Two former representatives who were wounded federal prisoners. They are subject to special Truman's guards killed Griselio Torresola. rules ahd restrictions. by the nationalists in the second action-George They wounded and captured Oscar Collazo. Fallon of Maryland and Kenneth Roberts of • They are not allowed to receive visits from Collazo explains that his action "was a direct Alabama-have both said the five have been in anyone they did not know before they entered consequence of the events taking place in Puerto jail too long. prison-now more than two decades ago. Their Rico." The case for the nationalists' release was aptly The U.S. media, he said, "tried to portray the summarized by Lawrence Walsh, president of the revolution as a civil war, a war between Puerto American Bar Association and one of the judges Ricans, and not a fight against U.S. colonial­ who sent Lolita Lebron to prison. ism." "I would have no objection to having ... the So Collazo and Torresola decided to attack the Protests set nationalists end their long imprisonment," he Blair House to "expose the direct U.S. involve­ Upcoming demonstrations will demand the said. "I believe that at this point there can be no ment in the repression of 1950 .... We thought immediate, unconditional release of the five doubt they were not common criminals, but the only way we could stop this slaughter was to nationalists. rather people who acted according to their expose the U.S." The first is set for October 30 at noon at the principles and with great courage." Collazo was tried and sentenced to death. U.S. Medical Facility in Springfield, Missouri, And this is the essence of the matter. The five International protest forced Truman to commute where Andres Figueroa Cordero is dying of are symbols of Puerto Rico's struggle for indepen­ the sentence to life imprisonment. cancer. dence. Their heroism has been an inspiration to a Three and a half years later four nationalists Two protests will occur on November 13, one in new generation of freedom fighters. staged another armed attack, this time in the. New York at the United Nations headquarters The U.S. rulers want them to be another kind U.S. Congress. The attack was in response to a and the other in San Francisco. of symbol-a symbol of the vindjctive repression U.S. maneuver to disguise its colonial hold over Further information on the case of the five, the they will direct against those who challenge their the island. demonstrations, and how you can help can be rule. The four nationalists involved in the attack on obtained from: National Coordinating Commit­ One does not have to endorse the tactics used Congress received sentences of up to seventy-five tee to Free the Five Puerto Rican Nationalists, by the nationalists-or even their support to years. Post Office Box 319 Cooper Station, New York, Puerto Rican independence-to see they are The plight of Andres Figueroa Cordero gives New York 10003. political prisoners who should be released.

Drive mounts for release of Jose Paez By Kurt Hill Socialista de los Trabaj adores (PST­ be murdered in one of these rigged Randolph Institute in Boston; Peter The international campaign to free Socialist Workers party). "escapes." Camejo, Socialist Workers party presi­ Argentine trade-union leader Jose Last January the provincial govern­ World public opmwn must be dential candidate; Noam Chomsky; Francisco Paez is winning broad sup­ ment of Cordoba called a meeting of all brought to bear on the Videla regime to Brenda Eichelberger, a leader of the port. political parties to discuss the escalat­ release Paez. Among those in this National Alliance of Black Feminists; Paez is a well-known figure in the ing rightist terrorism against trade­ country demanding his release are: Russell Johnson, American Friends auto workers union in the industrial union activists, left-wing lawyers, and Massachusetts State Rep. John Busin­ Service Committee; and Margaret city of Cordoba. He has been impri­ opponents of the regime. ger; Rabb~ Irwin Blank; Douglas Douglas McCarter, Women's Interna­ soned since January on charges of Butler, president of the A. Philip tional League for Peace and Freedom. "illegal associations" and possession Speaking for the PST, Paez de­ of "subversive" literature. nounced the government's inaction in The U.S. Committee for Justice to arresting those responsible for the Latin American Political Prisoners attacks. He charged that the Argentine (Make checks payable to the Argen­ (USLA) is mobilizing support in this government-then headed by Isabel country for Paez's release. Two recent Peron-was protecting the right-wing tine Solidarity Fund, c/o USLA.) endorsers are Nobel Prize laureates assassination squads. Help spread the truth about politi­ George W ald and Salvador E. Luria. A few hours later, a group of armed cal persecution in Argentina by The U.S. Committee for Justice to Organizations and individuals men in civilian clothes tried to kidnap holding meetings and circulating Latin American Political Prisoners around the world have demanded that Paez in broad daylight on a Cordoba materials on your campus, in your the government of Gen. Jorge Videla street. Paez's- cries drew a crowd, has established a special Argentine trade union, or in other organiza­ release Paez immediately. thwarting the kidnappers. Not long Solidarity Fund. Contributions will tions. Contact USLA for speakers aid the families of political prisoners and literature. As a tr~de-union leader in Cordoba's afterwards, however, Paez was arrest­ Fiat automobile plant, Paez played a ed. and other victims of the military prominent role in a strike wave there Eyewitness accounts from the Cordo­ dictatorship. They will also finance For more information, or to send in 1969 and the massive mobilizations ba prison where Paez is being held the campaign in the United States to contributions, write: USLA, 853 that shook Argentina in 1971. report chat inmates are taken from defend human rights in Argentina. Broadway, Suite 414,_ New York, In 1973 Paez was the vice­ their cells each evening and killed. Please send a contribution today. New York 10003. presidential candidate of the Partido There is reason to fear that Paez could

THE MILITANT/OCTOBER 29, 1976 29 room as above) Men, Women, and Rape-A St.. Jamaica. Donation: $1.50. Ausp: Socialist Speakers: Patricia Bethard, SWP candidate for Critique of 'Against Our Will' by Susan Brownmiller. Workers Campaign Committee. For more informa­ governor of Washington; Sam Manuel, SWP candi­ Speaker: Alyson Kennedy, SWP. Sat .. Nov. 6, 2:30 tion call (212) 658-7718. date for mayor of Los Angeles. Sat., Oct. 30. Social p.m.: The Racist Return to the Death Penalty. hour. 7-8 p.m.; rally, 8:00 p.m. 2316 S. Yakima Ave. Speaker: B.R. Washington, SWP congressional ST. LOUIS: NORTHSIDE Donation $1.50. Ausp: Washington State Socialist Calendar candidate in Michigan. 6:30 p.m. Faculty Lounge, FREEDOM FIGHT IN SOUTHERN AFRICA. Workers Campaign. For more information call (206) BERKELEY Tangeman Univ. Center, Univ. of Cincinnati, Speakers: Wale Amusa, St. Louis Committee on liEAR PETER CAMEJO. Peter Camejo, SWP 627-5821 in Tacoma or (206) 522-7800 in Seattle. Campaign Windup Rally and Buffet. Donat1on: Africa; William Harrison, former president, Martin presidential candidate, will be speaking at noon, Conference. $2.00 (single session, $.75); rally and Luther King Day Comm1ttee; Ren1ta Alexander, Weds., Oct. 27. Sproul Plaza. Univ. of Calif., WASHINGTON, D.C.: ADAMS-MORGAN buffet, $3.00; rally only, $1.00. Ausp: Young SWP. Fri., Oct. 29. 8 00 p.m. 4875 Natural Bridge. Berkeley. After the rally Camejo will be available for THE FIGHT AGAINST ABORTION CUTBACKS. Socialist Alliance and Socialist Workers Campaign Donation: $1. Ausp: Militant Forum. For more informal discussion in the Tan Oak Room at 1:00 Speakers Debbie Jacobs, NOW; Ruth Segal, Committee. For more information call (513) 321- information call (314) 367-2520. p.m. Reception for Camejo: 7-8 p.m. Evening rally: National Abortion Rights Action League; Sara 7445. 8:00 p.m. 3264 Adeline. Donation: $1. Ausp: Smith; SWP. Fri., Oct. 29, 8:00p.m. 2416 18th St. ST. PAUL Socialist Workers 1976 Campaign. For more infor­ NW. Donation: $1. Ausp: Militant Forum. For more ELECTION NIGHT VICTORY CELEBRATION. THE SOCIALIST ALTERNATIVE IN THE 1976 mation call (415) 653-7156. mformatlon call (202) 797-7706. Tues .. Nov. 2, 7:30-11:00 p.m. 320 Resor St. Ausp: ELECTIONS. Speakers: Bill Peterson, SWP candi­ Socialist Workers Campaign Committee. For more date for U S Senate; Ralph Schwartz, SWP candi­ CHICAGO ELECTION NIGHT OPEN HOUSE. Tues., Nov. 2, nformation call (513) 321-7445. date for U.S. Congress. 4th C.D.; libby Moser, SWP starting at 7:30 p.m. 2416 18th St. NW. Ausp: NORTHSIDE SOCIALIST CAMPAIGN RALLY. candidate for state senate, District 65. Fri, Oct. 29, Socialist Workers Campaign Committee. For more Speakers: Willie Mae Reid, SWP vice-presidential NEW ORLEANS 7:30p.m. Followed by a meet the candidates hour & information call (202) 797-7706. candidate; Suzanne Haig, SWP candidate for Illinois REVOLT IN SOUTHERN AFRICA. Speakers: Bob refreshments. 176 Western Ave. N. Donation: $1. governor. Fri., Oct. 29, 7:30 p.m. DePaul Univ. Connolly, Socialist Workers party; Prof. Samuel Ausp: Militant Forum. For more information call Schmidt Bldg., Room 192, 2323 N. Seminary. Correction Blay, Xavier University. Fri., Oct. 29, 8:00 p.m. 3812 (612) 222-8929. Donation: $1. Ausp: Socialist Workers Campaign Through an error in editing the Magazine St. Donation: $1. Ausp: Militant Forum. Committee. For more information call (312) 728- For more information call (504) 891-5324. SAN JOSE article "Federal workers convention: a 4151; 642-4811. SOCIALIST WORKERS CAMPAIGN RALLY. new Militancy" in the October 22 NEW YORK Featuring Peter Camejo, SWP presidential candi­ referred to "outgoing Presi­ SOUTH SIDE CAMPAIGN RALLY. Speakers: Militant HEAR MARCIA GALLO. Marcia Gallo, SWP date. Mon., Oct. 25, 8:00 p.m. San Jose State Willie Mae Reid; Suzanne Haig; Andrew Pulley, dent Clyde Webber." Dennis Garrison candidate for U.S. Senate, will be on Channel 13, University Ballroom. For more information call SWP candidate for Congress, 1st C.D. Sat., Oct. 30, was the outgoing president of the WNET TV, at 6:30 p.m., Oct. 28. Gallo will also be ( 408) 295-8342. 7:30 p.m. 5500 S. Woodlawn. Donation: $1. Ausp: speaking at the New ERA Club of the Educational American Federation of Government Socialist Workers Campaign Committee. For more ·Alliance. Oct. 29, 8:00 p.m., 197 E. Broadway. TACOMA Employees. His predecessor, Clyde information call (312) 643-5520. SOCIALIST WORKERS CAMPAIGN RALLY. Webber, died on June 15 of this year. HEAR PETER CAMEJO. Peter Camejo, presiden­ WESTSIDE CAMPAIGN RALLY. Speakers: Willie tial candidate, will be on WBLS radio at 4:00 p.m., PORTLAND, ORE.------Mae Reid, others. Sun., Oct. 31, 3:30 p.m. 310 N. Oct. 30. Camejo will be speaking at the Hunter Mayfield. Donation: $1. Ausp: Socialist Workers College Playhouse, 68th & Lexington Ave , 7:30 Campaign Committee. For more information call p.m .. Oct. 30. Donation $1. (312) 261-8370. of DEBATE. Peter Camejo and Michael Harrington, Grand opening SOUTH CHICAGO STREET CAMPAIGN. Speak­ national chairperson, Democratic Soc1alist Organiz­ er: Willie Mae Reid. Mon. Nov. 1, 5:00 p.m. 91st & ing Committee. Nov. 1. Queens College, 4th Floor Commercial. For more information call (312) 734- College Union. 65-30 Kissena Blvd. 12:00 noon. 7644. Militant Bookstore ELECTION NIGHT VICTORY PARTY. Tues., Nov. ELECTION NIGHT VICTORY RALLY. Tues., Nov. FRIDAY, OCTOBER 29. Special guest speakers: Patricia Bethard, SWP 2, 7:00 p.m. Lincoln Parlor, Midland Hotel, 172 W. 2, starting at 7:00p.m. 47 E. 65th St. Ausp: Socialist candidate for governor of Washington; Sam Manuel, member of SWP Workers Campaign committee. For more informa­ Adams, Donation: $1. Ausp: Socialist Workers National Committee. Social hour, 7 p.m.; program, 8 p.m. Donation: $1. Campaign Committee. For more information call tion call (212) 982-4966. (312) 939-0737. SATURDAY, OCTOBER 30. Two classes on "The Black Freedom Struggle NEW YORK: QUEENS Today." Speaker: Sam Manuel. 1 p.m.: South Africa; 3 p.m.: Desegregation CINCINNATI SOCIALIST CAMPAIGN RALLY. Speakers: Keith Struggle in Boston. Followed by spaghetti dinner. 3928 N. Williams. SOUTHERN OHIO SOCIALIST EDUCATIONAL Jones, SWP candidate for U.S. Congress, 7th C.D.; Donation: $1 per class; $2.50 for dinner. Or: $5 for entire weekend. For more Linda Jenness. 1972 SWP presidential candidate; CONFERENCE. Fri. Nov. 5, 8:00 p.m.: Old Chem. information call (503) 288-7860. Bldg., University of Cincinnati. The Current Situa­ Kipp Dawson, PROF. Sun., Oct. 24. 6:30p.m., happy tion in the Mideast. Sat., Nov. 6, 11:00 a.m.: (same hour; 8:00 p.m., rally; party to follow. 90-43 149th

Chicano poet We Urge Chicanos to Vote backs Camejo for Peter Camejo and Reid slate Hermanos y hermanas, By Lucy Burton As Chicano movement activists and leaders, we urge all Chicanos to join us in supporting and voting for Peter Camejo, Abelardo Delgado, noted Chicano poet and the Socialist Workers Party candidate for U.S. president, and his running mate, Willie Mae Reid, a Black woman activist. How can we support either the Republican or Democratic Party candidates for president? These politicians and the professor of Chicano studies at the University of interests they represent are responsible for the discrimination we suffer in jobs, housing, education, and medical care. They Utah, has endorsed the Camejo-Reid campaign. brought us Vietnam, Watergate, and the economic crisis. Delgado said, "I had just heard about Peter Camejo Camejo is the first Latino in U.S. history to run for president. His platform proposes solutions to the problems we face: when he came here to speak in Salt Lake City. I • Stop the cutbacks in social services. For a massive public works program. Use the more than $100-billion-war budget went to hear him. After having listened to both to provide jobs building schools, housing, hospitals, clinics, and child-care centers; • End discriminatory layoffs that give our people an unemployment rate double that of whites. Preferential hiring and Ford and Carter and to Camejo, Camejo made a hell promotions for Chicanos and other victims of racism; of a lot more sense." • Jobs and full civil rights for all, regardless of citizenship or immigration status. Stop the deportations of mexicanos Delgado was an organizer of the Chicano Forum, and others without immigration visas-the so-called illegal aliens; a national Chicano leadership conference held last • For community control of our schools. For a full. program of bilingual and bicultural education; May in Salt Lake City. • Equal rights for women. No forced sterilizations. No curtailment of the right to abortion. Ratify the Equal Rights Amendment to the Constitution; Other Chicano leaders and activists who en­ • Support the right of all farm workers to join a union of their choice. Support the struggle of the United Farm Workers dorsed the SWP campaign this week are: Joe union (UFW), and their agricultural labor initiative on the California ballot, Proposition 14. Boycott Gallo wine, grapes. Trevino, secretary, Council 60 of the League of and nonunion lettuce; United Latin American Citizens in Houston; Ted • Independence from the Republican and Democratic parties. Support the campaigns of the Raza Unida parties. Buzis, chairperson of the Union of the Poor in Salt As independent supporters of the Socialist Workers Party ticket, we do not necessarily subscribe to all the planks in the Lake City, :md Elena Rodriguez, president of the platform. But we see it as a meaningful alternative for Chicanos in the 1976 elections. · Pasadena City College MEChA in Pasadena, Cali­ You can help advance the cause ofla Raza by joining us. Vote Socialist Workers in 1976! Support the Camejo-Reid ticket1 fornia. Add your name today by filling out the coupon Partial Lisl of Signers below and mailing it to: Socialist Workers 1976 (Organizations listed for identification only) National Campaign Committee, 14 Charles Lane, New York, New York 10014. Miguel Angel Martin Delgado Instructor, Laney College, Oakland, California United Mexican-American Students, San Antonio John Bermudez College ------0 I endorse Camejo and Reid as a positive President, Chicano Business Students Assoc.. Metro Luis Fuentes Former Director of Utah Society of Ex-Offenders alternative in the 1976 elections, although I may State College, Denver Isabel Blea Cecilio Garcia-Camarillo not agree with all the planks of the SWP program. Editor, La Mecha, Las Vegas, N.M. Editor, Caracol, San Antonio, Texas Add my name to the endorsement statement that Ernesto Borunda Mia Garcia-Camarillo will appear in newspapers and magazines. New Mexico Raza Unida Party candidate for U.S. Senate Editor, Caracol, San Antonio, Texas Juan Jose Pei'la Ted Buzis President, New Mexico Raza Unida Party Name Chairperson. Union of the Poor, Salt Lake City. Utah Irma Morales Richie Signature Jessie Cardona San Antonio American Federation of Teachers San Antonio American Federation of Teachers Elena Rodriguez Ann Chavez Organizational affiliation President. Pasadena City College MEChA. California Denver Concerned Citizens for Equal Education Alfredo de Ia Torre Everett Chavez (listed for identification only) Denver Concerned Cit1zens for Equal Education Caracol, San Antonio, Texas Joe Trevino Address ______Mario Compean San Antonio. founding member of Texas Raza Unida Secretary. Counc1l 60. League of United Latin American Clt1zens. Houston. Texas Party City Oscar Trevino Abelardo Delgado Co-coordinator, Chicano Studies Library, University of State _____ Zip ______Poet. professor of Chicano Studies. University of Utah California at Berkeley

Socialist Workers 1976 Campaign, 14 Charles Lane, New York, N.Y. 10014

Chairperson: L1nda Jenness: Treasurer: Arthur Hughes

30 Election night rallies. Hear Camejo and Reid live Nrnl 2 over national telephone hook-up

Socialist Workers campaign committees across the country will host election-night rallies and celebrations. Peter Camejo, in New York, and Willie fv!ae Reid, in Chicago, will address the rallies via a national telephone hook-up. To find out about ihe election-night rally in your neighborhood call the Socialist Workers party campaign headquarters listed below.

Peter Camejo Willie Mae Reid

Will speak at 10:40 p.m. EST from New Will speak at 9:00 p.m. CST from York at Roosevelt House, Hunter Chicago at the Midland Hotel, 172 West College, 47 East 65th Street. Adams.

Socialist campaign headquarters:

ARIZONA: Phoenix: SWP, P.O. Box 10772, Phoenix, Chicago, North Side; SWP, Pathfinder Books, 1870 Bookstore, 15 4th St. SE, Mpls., Minn. 55414. Tel: 19144. Tel: (215) Vl4-2874. Ariz. 85064. Tel: (602) 956-1181. N. Halsted, Chicago, Ill. 60614. Tel: (312) 642- (612) 332-7781. Philadelphia, West Philadelphia: SWP, 218 S. 45th Tempe: YSA, Box 1344, Tempe. Ariz. 85281. Tel: 4811. St. Paul: SWP, Labor Bookstore, 176 Western Ave., St., Philadelphia, Pa. 19104. Tel: (215) EV7-2451. (602) 277-9453. Chicago, South Chicago: SWP, Pathfinder Books, St. Paul, Minn. 55102. Tel: (612) 222-8929. Philadelphia: City-wide SWP, YSA, 218 S. 45th St., Tucson: YSA, SUPO 20965, Tucson, Ariz. 85720. 9139 S. Commercial, Room 205, Chicago, Ill. MISSOURI: Kansas City: SWP, YSA, P.O. Box Philadelphia, Pa. 19104. Tel. (215) EV7-2451. Tel: (602) 795-2053. 60617. Tel: (312) 734-7644. 27023, Kansas City, Mo. 6411 0. Pittsburgh: SWP, YSA, Militant Bookstore, 5504 CALIFORNIA: Berkeley: SWP, YSA, Granma Book­ Chicago, South Side: SWP, Pathfinder Books, 1515 St. Louis: SWP, YSA, Militant Bookstore, 4660 Penn Ave., Pittsburgh, Pa. 15206. Tel: (412) 441- store, 3264 Adeline St., Berkeley, Calif. 94703. E. 52nd Pl., 3rd Floor North, Chicago, Ill. 60615. Maryland, Suite 12, St. Louis, Mo. 63108. Tel: 1419. Tel: (415) 653-7156. Tel: (312) 643-5520. (314) 367-2520. State College: YSA, c/o Lynda Joyce, 169 W. East Los Angeles: SWP, YSA, Pathfinder Bookstore, Chicago, Uptown-Rogers Park: SWP, Pathfinder NEW JERSEY: Newark: City-wide SWP, YSA, 403 Prospect, State College, Pa. 16801. Tel: (814) 234- 1237 S. Atlantic Blvd., East Los Angeles, Calif. Books, 1105 W. Lawrence, Room 312, Chicago, Chancellor Ave., Newark, N.J. 07112. Tel: (201) 2410. 90022. Tel: (213) 265-1347. Ill. 60640. Tel: (312) 728-4151. 923-2284. RHODE ISLAND: Kingston: YSA, c/o Box 400, Long Beach: SWP, YSA, Pathfinder Bookstore, 3322 Chicago, West Side: SWP, Pathfinder Books, 5967 Newark, Broadway: SWP, 256 Broadway, Newark, Kingston, R.I. 02881. Anaheim St., Long Beach, Calif. 90804. Tel: (213) W. Madison, Second Floor, Chicago, Ill. 60644. N.J. 07104. Tel: (201) 482-3367. TENNESSEE: Knoxville: YSA, P.O. Box 8344 Univ. 597-0965. Tel: (312) 261-8370. Newark, Weequahlc: SWP, 403 Chancellor Ave., Station, Knoxville, Tenn. 37916. Tel: (615) 525- Loa Angeles, Crenshaw District: SWP, YSA, INDIANA: Bloomington: YSA, c/o Student Activities Newark, N.J. 07112. Tel: (201) 923-2284. 0820. Pathfinder Books, 4040 W. Washington Blvd., Los Desk, Indiana University, Bloomington, Ind. NEW YORK: Albany: YSA, c/o Michael Kozak, 395 TEXAS: Austin: YSA, c/o Student Activities, Texas Angeles, Calif. 90018. Tel: (213) 732-8196. 47401. Ontario St., Albany, N.Y. 12208. Tel: (518) 482- Union South, Austin, Tex. 78712. Loa Angeles: City-wide SWP, YSA, 4040 W. Wash­ Indianapolis: YSA, c/o Student Activity Office, 7348. Dallas: SWP, YSA, P.O. Box 50212, Dallas, Tex. ington Blvd., Suite 11, Los Angeles, Calif. 90018. IUPUI, 925 W. Michigan St., Indianapolis, Ind. Binghamton: YSA, c/o Debbie Porder, 184 Corliss 75250. Tel: (214) 941-2308. Tel: (213) 732-8197. 46202. Tel: (317) 631-3441. Ave., Johnson City, N.Y. 13790. Tel: (607) 729- Houston, Northeasi: SWP, YSA, Pathfinder Books, Oakland: SWP, YSA, 1467 Fruitvale Ave., Oakland, Muncie: YSA, Box 387 Student Center, Ball State 3812. 2835 Laura Koppe, Houston, Tex. 77093. Tel: Calif. 94601. Tel: (415) 261-1210 University, Muncie, Ind. 47306. Ithaca: YSA, c/o Ron Robinson, 528 Stewart Ave., (713) 697-5543. KENTUCKY: Lexington: YSA, P.O. Box 952 Un­ Rm. 13, Ithaca, N.Y. 14850. Tel: (607) 272-7098. Houston, North Side: SWP, YSA, Pathfinder Paladena: SWP, YSA, Pathfinder Bookstore, 226 N. iversity Station, Lexington, Ky. 40506. Tel: (606) New York, Bronx: SWP, P.O. Box 688, Bronx, N.Y. Bookstore-Libreria Militante, 2816 N. Main, Hous­ El Molino, Pasadena, Calif. 91106. Tel: (213) 793- 266-0536. 10469. ton, Tex. 77009. Tel: (713) 224-0985. 3468. Louisville: SWP, YSA, Box 3593, Louisville, Ky. N- York, Brooklyn-Willlamaburgh: SWP, Militant Houston, South-Central: SWP, 4987 South Park San Diego: SWP, YSA, Militant Bookstore, 1053 40201. Bookstore, 57 Graham Ave., Brooklyn, N.Y. Blvd. (South Park Plaza), Houston, Tex. 77021. 15th St., San Diego, Calif. 92101. Tel: (714) 234- LOUISIANA: New Orleans: SWP, YSA, Pathfinder 11206. Tel: (212) 387-5771. Tel: (713) 643-0005. 4630. Bookstore, 3812 Magazine St., New Orleans, La. N- York, Brooklyn-Crown Hta.: SWP, Militant Houston: City-wide SWP, YSA, 3311 Montrose, San Fernando Valley: SWP, P.O. Box 4456, Panora­ 70115. Tel: (504) 891-5324., Bookstore, 220-222 Utica Ave., Brooklyn, N.Y. Houston, Tex. 77006. Tel: (713) 526-1082. ma C1ty, Calif. 91412. Tel: (213) 894-2081. MARYLAND: Baltimore: SWP, YSA, 2117 N. Charles 11213. Tel: (212) 773-0250. San Antonio: SWP, P.O. Box 1376, San Antonio, San Francisco: City-wide SWP, YSA, 3284 23rd St., St., Baltimore, Md. 21218. Tel: (301) 547-0668. New York, Chelsea: SWP, Militant Bookstore, Tex. 78295. Tel: (512) 732-5957. YSA, P.O. Box San Francisco, Calif. 94110. Tel: (415) 285-4686. College Park: YSA, c/o Student Union, University of Libreria Militante, 200 1/, W. 24th St. (off 7th Ave.), 12110, Laurel Heights Station, San Antonio, Tex. San Francisco, Ingleside: SWP, 1441 Ocean Ave., Maryland, College Park, Md. 20742. Tel: (301) New York, N.Y. 10011. Tel: (212) 989-2731. 78212. San Francisco, Calif. 94112. Tel: (415) 333-6261. 454-4758. New York, Lower East Side: SWP, YSA, Militant UTAH: Logan: YSA, P.O. Box 1233, Utah State San Francisco, Mission District: SWP, 3284 23rd St., Prince Georges County: SWP, 4318 Hamilton St., Bookstore, Libreria Militante, 221 E. 2nd St. University, Logan, Utah 84322. San Francisco, Calif. 94110. Tel: (415) 824-1992. Rrfl. 10, Hyattsville, Md. 20781. Tel: (301) 864- (between Ave. B and Ave. C), New York, N.Y. Salt Lake City: YSA, P.O. Box 461, Salt Lake City, San Francisco, Western Addition: SWP, 2762A Pine 4867. 10009. Tel: (212) 260-6400. Utah 84110. St., San Francisco, Calif. 94115. Tel: (415) 931- New York, Queena: SWP, YSA, Militant Bookstore, VIRGINIA: Richmond: SWP, 1203 A W. Main St., 0621. MASSACHUSETTS: Amherst: YSA, c/o Mark Cera­ 90-43 149 St. (corner Jamaica Ave.), Jamaica, -2nd Floor, Richmond, Va. 23220. Tel: (804) 232- San Jose: SWP, YSA, 123 S. 3rd St., Suite 220, San soulo, 13 Hollister Apts., Amherst, Mass. 01002. N.Y. 11435. Tel: (212) 658-7718. 3769. Jose, Calif. 95113. Tel: (408) 295-8342. Boston: SWP, YSA, 510 Commonwealth Ave, New York, Upper Weal Side: SWP, YSA, Militant WASHINGTON, D.C.: Northwest: SWP, 2416 18th East San Jose: SWP, 1192 E. Santa Clara, San Jose, Boston, Mass. 02215. Tel: (617) 262-4620. Bookstore, 786 Amsterdam, New York, N.Y. St. NW, Washington, D.C. 20009. Tel: (202) 797- Calif. 95116. Tel: (408) 295-2618. Boston: City-wide SWP, YSA, 510 Commonwealth 10025. Tel: (212) 663-3000. 7706. Santa Barbara: YSA, P.O. Box 14606, UCSB, Santa Ave., Boston, Mass. 02215. Tel: (617) 262-4621. N- York: City-wide SWP, YSA, 853 Broadway, Washington, D.C.: Southeast: SWP, 727 8th St. SE, Barbara, Calif. 93107. Cambridge: SWP, 2 Central Square, Cambridge, Room 412, New York, N.Y. 10003. Tel: (212) 982- Washington, D.C. 20003. Tel: (202) 546-2162. Santa Cruz: YSA, c/o Student Activities Office, Mass. 02139. Tel: (617) 547-4395. 8214. Washington, D.C.: City-wide SWP, YSA, 1424 16th Redwood Bldg., UCSC, Santa Cruz, Calif. 95064. Roxbury: SWP, 1865 Columbus Ave., Roxbury, OHIO: Cincinnati: "SWP, YSA, P.O. Box 8986, Hyde St. NW, Suite 701B, Washington, D.C. 20036. Tel: COLORADO: Boulder: YSA. Room 175, University Mass. 02119. Tel: (617) 445-7799. Park Station, Cincinnati, Ohio 45208. Tel: (513) (202) 797-7699. Memorial Center, University of Colorado, Worcester: YSA, Box 229, Greendale Station, 321-7445. Boulder, Colo. 80302. Tel: (303) 492-7679. Worcester, Mass. 01606. Cleveland: SWP, YSA, 2300 Payne, Cleveland, Ohio WASHINGTON: Seattle, Central Area: SWP, YSA, Denver: SWP, YSA, Militant Bookstore, 1379-81 MICHIGAN: Ann Arbor: YSA, Room 4103, Mich. 44114. Tel: (216) 861-4166. Militant Bookstore, 2200 E. Union, Seattle, Wash. Kalamath, Denver, Colo. 80204. Tel: (303) 623- Union, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. Cleveland Heights-East Cleveland: SWP, P.O. Box 98122. Tel: (206) 329-7404. 2825. 48104. Tel: (313) 663-8766. 18476, Cleveland Hts., Ohio 44118. Tel: (216) 861- Seattle, North End: SWP, YSA, Pathfinder Book­ Fort Collins: YSA, Student Center Cave, Colorado Detroit, East Side: SWP, 12920 Mack Ave., Detroit, 4166. store, 5623 University Way NE, Seattle, Wash. State University, Ft. Collins, Colo. 80521. Mich. 48215. Tel: (313) 824-1160. Columbus: YSA, Box 3343 Univ. Station (mailing 98105. Tel: (206) 522-7800. FLORIDA: Miami: YSA, Box 431096, South Miami, Detroit, Southwest: SWP, 4210 W. Vernor Hwy., address); 325 Ohio Union, Columbus, Ohio Seattle: City-wide: SWP, YSA, 5623 University Way Fla. 33143. · Detroit, Mich. 48209. Tel: (313) 849-3491. 43210. Tel: (614) 422-6287. NE, Seattle, Wash. 98105. Tel: (206) 522-7800. Tallaha11ee: YSA, c/o Suzanne Welch, 765 El Detroit, West Side: SWP, Militant Bookstore, 18415 Kent YSA, c/o Bob Laycock, 936 Carlisle Ct., Tacoma: SWP, P.O. Box 1312, Tacoma, Wash. Rancho St., Tallahassee, Fla. 32304. Tel: (904) Wyoming, Detroit, Mich. 48221. Tel: (313) 341- Kent, Ohio 44240. Tel: (216) 678-2489. 98401. Tel: (206) 627-5821. 224-9632. 6436. Toledo: SWP, P.O. Box 2325, Toledo, Ohio 43603. WISCONSIN: Eau Claire: YSA, c/o Chip Johnson, GEORGIA: Atlanta: Militant Bookstore, 137 Ashby, Detroit: City-wide SWP, YSA, 19 Clifford, Room Tel: (419) 242-9743. 221 1/, Ninth Ave., Eau Claire, Wis. 54701. Tel: P.O. Box 92040, Atlanta, Ga. 30314. Tel: (404) 805, Detroit, Mich. 48226. Tel: (313) 961-5675. OREGON: Portland: SWP, YSA, Militant Bookstore, (715) 835-1474. 755-2940. East Lansing: YSA, First Floor Student Offices, 3928 N. Williams, Portland, Ore. 97227. Tel: (503) La Crosse: YSA, c/o UW La Crosse, Cartwright ILLINOIS: Champaign-Urbana: YSA, 284 lllini Union Bldg., Michigan State University, East 288-7860. Center, 1725 State St., La Crosse, Wis. 54601. Union, Urbana, Ill. 61801. Lansing, Mich. 48823. Tel: (517) 353-0660. PENNSYLVANIA: Edinboro: YSA, Edinboro State Madison: YSA, P.O. Box 1442, Madison, Wis. 53701. Chicago: City-wide SWP, YSA, 407 S. Dearborn Mt. Pleasant: YSA, Box 51 Warriner Hall, Central College, Edinboro, Pa. 16412. Tel: (608) 251-1591. #1145, Chicago, Ill. 60605. Tel: SWP-(312) 939- Mich. Univ., Mt. Pleasant, Mich. 48859. Philadelphia, Germantown: SWP, Militant Book­ Milwaukee: SWP, YSA, 3901 N. 27th St., Milwaukee, 0737; YSA-(312) 427-0280. MINNESOTA: Minneapolis: SWP, YSA, Pathfinder store, 5950 Germantown Ave., Philadelphia, Pa. Wis. 53216. Tel: (414) 442-8170.

THE MILITANT/OCTOBER 29, 1976 31 THE. MILITANT STOP THE EXECUTIONS! ... Protests win stay in Georgia By AI Budka Peter Camejo and Willie Mae Reid, the visible protests against legalized ATLANTA-Broad protests against Socialist Workers party presidential murder organized by the Georgia com­ the death penalty have saved .the life ticket; Prof. Howard Lesnick, presi­ mittee." of Anthony Machetti-at least for now. dent, Society of American Law Reid is urging all supporters of her Machetti was to die in Georgia's Teachers; Boris Dees, Southern Pover­ campaign to "join with groups like the electric chair October 26, the first ty Law Center; Lennox Hinds, director, NAACP and ACLU to organize rallies, executjon since the U.S. Supreme National Conference of Black Law­ picket lines, and other protests to Court decision legalizing capital pun­ yers; and the National Coalition demand that no executions take ishment. Against 'the Death Penalty, a broad­ place." On October 18, however, Gov. George based group that includes the ACLU, Anthony Machetti is also known as Busbee told reporters here he would NAACP, and many churches. John Smith. The name "Smith" was grant a ninety-day stay of execution. After the news conference reporters imposed on his ancestors by U.S. Georgia officials tried to carry out asked Governor Busbee if he would immigration officials, and he chose to the murder with no publicity. They grant a stay of execution. Busbee said return to his family's original sur­ moved Machetti from a county prison yes, he would, so that the state parole name. to death row without even telling him board could consider commutation of In a related development, 110 he had only a few days to live. sentence or pardon. In Georgia, the students-more than half of them Machetti's lawyers learned of the governor can only grant a stay of Blacks-attended an October 7 meet­ execution date only on Friday, October execution. Further moves are up to the ing against the death penalty at the 15. They informed the American Civil ATLANTA's MAYOR JACKSON: Blasts parole board. University of Massachusetts in Bos­ Liberties Union of Georgia and the 'brutal, barbaric punishment.' Mary Hougland of the Georgia ton. The meeting was sponsored by the Georgia Committee Against the Death ACLU emphasized that a dozen other Prison Reform Organization and the Penalty. These groups publicized the men have exhausted their appeals. Student Coalition Against Racism. danger to Machetti's life. gians to speak out" against the execu­ "We are expecting execution dates to Machetti himself found out about the tion. be set for them at any time," she said. date by hearing it on the radio, Mayor Jac~son blasted the death Florida and Texas are also expected according · to Mary Hougland of the penalty as "bloodletting." He said it to begin setting death dates soon. The ACLU, who visited him October 18. was "poor people, Black people, and laws of other states are still being Opponents of legalized murder mo­ uneducated people" who bore the brunt challenged in the courts. bilized immediately. The Georgia com­ of this "brutal, barbaric punishment." These examples point to the contin­ mittee held a news conference October Although Machetti is white, the ued importance of the October 23 rally. 18 to demand that no executions take racism of the death penalty here is well Speakers at the rally, called "A place and to publicize a protest rally documented. Of the 60 persons now Speakout to Abolish the Death Penal­ already set for October 23. under death sentence in Georgia, more ty," will include Rubin "Hurricane" Speakers at the news conference than half are Blacks. Of the 366 Carter; Rev. Joseph Ingle of the included Georgia state legislators Dav­ persons Georgia executed between 1930 Southern Coalition on Jails and Pri­ id Scott and Douglass Dean; Atlanta and 1964, more than four-fifths were sons; Arthur Langford, Atlanta City Mayor Maynard Jackson; and Clinton Blacks. Blacks are only one-fourth of Council member; David Scott, Georgia Deveaux, president of the Georgia the state's population. state legislator; and Willie Mae Reid, ACLU. A statement from the Atlanta Stu­ Socialist Workers party candidate for Gene Guerrero, executive diredor of dent Coalition Against Racism also vice-president. the state ACLU, and Jondell Johnson, urged a large turnout at the October 23 Reid told the Militant, "The partial Militant/Maceo Dixon director of the Atlanta NAACP, issued rally. victory in the Machetti case was a SWP's REID: Urges picket lines, rallies, a joint statement at the news confer­ Telegrams to Governor Busbee de­ direct result of the protest news confer­ and demonstrations to prevent legalized ence. They urged "all concerned Geor- manding no executions were sent by ence and telegrams and the previous murder.

bumper stickers. While the growers are resisting a $2.50-an-hour The growers have used the millions at their minimum for unorganized workers, those field disposal for a media blitz against Proposition 14. hands that are organized into the UFW are Their commercials are on every radio station and getting closer to $3.50 an hour, plus union TV channel. protection. Agribusiness propagandists have shed phony That's what Proposition 14 is all about. Victory YES tears over how a law to protect farm unionism for the proposal will make it easier for field would trample on the rights of "family farmers." workers to organize. Organization means higher In one TV program a spokesperson for the wages, better working conditions, and some growers went so far as to assert that the giant human dignity. Gallo wine operation is simply a "family busi­ The growers don't like that. But all those ness." concerned about people, not profits, should be for ON14! That's like arguing that Rockefeller's world it 100 percent. financial empire is the same as the corner "mom Vote yes on 14! and pop" grocery. All out for Gallo is the giant of the wine industry. It rakes in nearly $5 million a year in profits. The "family" is worth an estimated' half a billion farm workers dollars-all of it sucked from the blood of overworked -and underpaid farm workers. The "vote no on 14" forces are now using the in California name "Committee for the Protection of Private By Harry Ring Property." It should be "Committee for the LOS ANGELES-Every single vote is needed Protection of Private Profit." to pass Proposition 14 on November 2. California agribusiness is the most lucrative in Passage of the measure will give California the country. It pours untold millions annually farm workers the right to secret ballot elections. into the coffers of the banking and oil trusts that It will put a farm labor law on the books that has dominate the industry. some teeth in it. The United Farm Workers is leading the uphill On October 14, lawyers for the Western battle for passage of Proposition 14. Arrayed Growers Association went to court to get a stay .. against the -union, with its meager financial of a new law providing a minimum wage of all of resources, are the giant agribusiness interests. $2.50 an hour. UFW supporters have done valuable work in The growers, who pour pesticides on their getting out the word on the ballot initiative. fruits and vegetables, said they wanted a study Hundreds of volunteers have worked full-time of the ecological impact of having to pay time throughout the stat-e, talking to people in and a half after forty hours, as the new law shopping centers, passing out leaflets and provides.