XXX. Olympijské Hry Londýn 2012

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XXX. Olympijské Hry Londýn 2012 XXX. Olympijské hry Londýn 2012 OH se zúčastnilo 10 721 sportovců z 204 zemí (oficiální počty před OH). Londýn je první město v novodobé historii, které pořádá olympijské hry potřetí (1908, 1948, 2012). Bojovalo se o 302 sad medailí ve 26 sportech. Každá zúčastněná země měla ve své výpravě ženu. Ženy startovaly ve všech vypsaných sportech. Nejúspěšnější sportovci na těchto hrách byli plavci. Michael Phelps vybojoval 4+2+0, Missy Franklin 4+0+1, Allison Schmitt 3+1+1 medailí (všichni USA). Mezinárodní olympijský výbor odmítl žádost manželky zavražděného olympionika André Spitzera (šermíř) paní Ankie Spitzer, uctít u příležitosti čtyřicátého výročí, minutou ticha památku 11 Izraelských sportovců zavražděných Palestinským teroristickým komandem „Černé září“ na OH v Mnichově v roce 1972. Česko v Londýně reprezentovalo 133 sportovců z toho 65 žen. Zlaté medaile vybojovali Miroslava Knapková (skif), Barbora Špotáková (oštěp), David Svoboda (pětiboj) a Jaroslav Kulhavý (cross country). Dále naše výprava získala po třech medailích ve stříbře a bronzu. V celkovém hodnocení vybojovaných medailí jsme se umístili na velmi lichotivém 19. místě. Rekordmankou v počtu olympijských účastí je slalomářka Štěpánka Hilgertová, která startovala na šesté olympiádě za sebou (1992, 1996, 2000, 2004, 2008, 2012). Ta byla také spolu s atlety Romanem Šebrlem a Barborou Špotákovou a střelci Kateřinou Emmons a Davidem Kosteleckým jednou z pěti olympijských vítězů v české výpravě, v níž bylo i devět mistrů světa a 27 mistrů Evropy. Na čtyřech OH startovala i Kateřina Nash (1977), v cyklistice (2008, 2012) a v běhu na lyžích na ZOH (1998, 2002). Nejtěžší účastníky naší výpravy byli Antonín Žalský (atletika - koule) a Jiří Orság (vzpírání), oba uvedli v dotazníku shodnou hmotnost 128 kg Soutěže ve vzpírání se konaly ve dnech 28. 7. – 7. 8. 2012 v Excel Centru s volným dnem 2. 8. 2012. Ke startu mělo nastoupit 156 mužů a 104 žen, celkem 260 účastníků vzpěračských soutěží. Jedna země mohla maximálně vybojovat 6 míst pro muže a 4 místa pro ženy. Kvalifikace probíhala na MS v letech 2010 a 2011. Do bojů o kvalifikační místa každá zúčastněná země mohla nahlásit pouze 6 mužů a 4 ženy, ke startu na MS však mohla každá země nominovat plný počet závodníků a závodnic (8+7). Další možností pro státy, které se nekvalifikovaly z MS, byla kvalifikace z kontinentálních mistrovství. Pro nás start na ME v Antalyi, kde jsme bojovaly o jedno místo ze sedmi v mužích a ze šesti míst v ženách. Další možnost měl vynikající závodník kvalifikovat se ze žebříčku IWF za předpokladu, že byl ze země, která se z předešlých kvalifikací nekvalifikovala. Poslední možnost byla divoká karta od tripartitní komise. Ve vzpírání startovali sportovci 84 států (W+M). Vzpíralo se na činkách zn. ELEIKO. Ve dnech 10. – 15. 4. 2012 se konalo v Antalyi ME M+W. Zde jsme v sestavě Jakub Kubík, Petr Petrov, Petr Slabý, Andrej Beran, Jakub Jureček, Patrik Krywult a Jiří Orság vybojovali jednu místenku pro Londýn. Trenéři Pavel Ivanič a Radim Kozel. VR ČSV reprezentací na OH pověřila Jiřího Orsága (Sokol Karolinka). Ženám v této kvalifikaci pro postup chybělo 7 bodů. Naše vzpěračská reprezentace vyslala na olympijské hry 53 závodníků (2012), z tohoto počtu jsme zaznamenali devět dvojnásobných účastí: Josef Hantych (1936, 1952), Václav Pšenička ml. (1952, 1956), Zdeněk Otáhal (1964, 1968), Hans Zdražila (1964, 1968), Petr Pavlásek (1972, 1976), Dušan Drška (1976, 1980), Anton Baraniak (1980, 1988), Miloš Čiernik (1988, 1992), Jiří Zubrický (1988, 1992) a čtyři trojnásobné účasti: Jaroslav Skobla (1924, 1928, 1932), Václav Pšenička st. (1928, 1932, 1936), Ondrej Hekel (1968, 1972, 1976), Rudolf Strejček (1972, 1976, 1980). Nestartovali jsme na OH v letech 1896, 1904, 1948 a 1984. Vzpírání nebylo na OH zařazeno v letech 1900, 1908 a 1912. Ve válečných letech 1916, 1940 a 1944 se OH nekonaly. Olympijská medaile musí mít minimální rozměry Ø 60 mm a být 3 mm silná. Zlaté a stříbrné medaile jsou vyrobeny ze stříbra o jakosti minimálně 0,925. Zlaté medaile musí být pozlacené minimálně 6 g zlata. Bronzové medaile jsou vyrobeny z bronzu (slitina mědi, zinku a cínu). V letech 1904 - 1912 byly předávány medaile z ryzího zlata, stříbra a bronzu. První medaile se stuhou (řetízkem) na krk se předávaly na OH v Římě v roce 1960. Nejlehčí olympijské medaile byly předávány na OH ve Stockholmu v roce 1912, vážily 16,5 g. Nejtěžší ve Vancouveru (ZOH 2010) 500 – 576 g, Ø 100 mm, tloušťka 6 mm. Pro zlatou a stříbrnou medaili je dnes závazná minimální hmotnost 169 g. Nejtěžší opravdu zlatá medaile byla předávána na olympiádě v roce 1908 a vážila 25 g. Vítězové OH v Londýně obdrží medaile pozlacené zlatem vytěženým v Oyu Tolgoi v Mongolsku. Složení zlaté medaile z Londýna je uváděno v parametrech Ag 92.5 %, Cu 6.16 %, Au 1.34 %. Hmotnost 375 – 400 g, Ø 85 mm, tloušťka 7 mm. Londýnská zlatá medaile je největší a nejtěžší v historii letních olympiád. Royal Mint v Llantrisant v Jižním Walesu k potřebám OH vyrazila 4 700 medailí. Druh sportu a disciplína je vyryta na hraně medaile. Hodnota materiálu jednotlivých medailí v době ražby Au 644 $; Ag 330 $; Br 4,71 $. Mnozí sportovci nabízejí své medaile v aukcích k prodeji, většinou takto získané finanční prostředky věnují na dobročinné účely. Zatím nejvyšší cena byla zaplacena za zlatou medaili člena vítězného družstva USA v hokeji z roku 1980 Marka Wellse na aukci v roce 2010. Dražitele vyšla na 310 700 USD. U dosažené ceny je vždy rozhodující kdo medaili prodává, k jakým účelům plánuje využití takto získaných finančních prostředků a v neposlední řadě velikost a popularita aukce. Do soutěže vzpírání žen nakonec nastoupilo 103 závodnic z 57 států. Do plného počtu 106, chyběly 3 závodnice. Přes 300 Sb. šlo 25 závodnic. Tento fakt prokazuje vysokou úroveň olympijské soutěže. Nedokončilo 11 děvčat – necelých 10%. Čtyři závodnice šly pod 200 Sb. Vesměs šlo o závodnice z divokých karet, které rozdává MOV. Ironií se nejlepší závodnicí na Sb. stala KASHIRINA Tatiana (RUS) s 338,3744 Sb., která skončila v těžké váze až na 2. místě. Bylo překonáno 5 WR žen, 1x juniorek a 22 OR. Zkušenost se startem na OH mělo 28 závodnic tj. necelých 28%. Toto číslo nám napovídá šanci kandidátek pro opakovaný start na OH v Riu de Janiero v roce 2016. Do vzpírání mužů nastoupilo 149 závodníků ze 70 států. Do plánovaného a vybraného počtu 156 závodníků jich chybělo z různých důvodů 7. Soutěž nedokončilo 24 závodníků – 16%. Přes 470 Sb. šli 3, přes 450 Sb. 23 závodníků. Zkušenost se startem na OH mělo 46 závodníků tj. 31%. Jiří Orság se výkonem řadí těsně za ¼ startovního pole na 40. místo. Bylo překonáno 6 světových a 12 olympijských rekordů. Nejlepším vzpěračem se stal obhájce titulu z OH 2008 Ilya ILYIN s 476,6036 Sb. Pořadí států M+W: CHN 5+2+0, KAZ 4+0+0, PRK 3+0+1, IRA 1+2+1, UKR 1+0+1, POL 1+0+1. Medaili ve vzpírání vybojovalo 18 zemí. Mezi ženami obhajovala zlato z minulých OH pouze JANG Mi-ran (+75 kg, KOR), v mužích Jaehyouk Sa (77 kg, KOR), Yong Lu (85 kg, CHN), Ilin Ilya (94 kg, KAZ), Mattias Steiner (+105 kg, GER). Nejmladší účastník je mistr Spojených arabských emirátů Khadija Mohammad (19. 6. 1995). Nejstarší Martin Těšovič (26. 10. 1975, Slovensko). Hysen Pulaku (ALB) přihlášený do HK 77 kg byl DQ za pozitivní test (stanazol). Odebrán v Londýně 23. 7. a oznámen 28. 7. 2012. Vida, jde to i rychle. Zhou Lulu (CHN), +75 kg Mistryně světa z Paříže (2011), kde překonala WR ve dvojboji výkonem 328 kg. Zvítězila v Londýně v těžké váze, která měla tři favoritky. Překonala WR ve dvojboji výkonem 333 kg. Po trhu na vítězství sahala překonanými světovými rekordy 148 a 151 kg Tatiana KASHIRINA (RUS), která se ujala vedení v soutěži o 5 kg a tělesnou váhu. Měla velkou šanci zvítězit. V nadhozu zvolila vysoký třetí pokus 187 kg, který nedala. Možná stačilo hlídat si náskok a 3. pokusem jít na 184 kg, které by ale musela dát. Překonala však WR ve dvojboji výkonem 332 kg. Bronzovou medaili se ztrátou 39 kg na vítězku překvapivě vybojovala Hripsime KHURSHUDYAN (ARM). Na 4. místě se umístila další favoritka, obhájkyně olympijského vítězství z Pekingu JANG Mi-ran (KOR) a stříbrná z OH z Athén (2004). Startovalo 14 děvčat, jedna nedokončila. Olympijskou premiéru si zde prožilo 9 závodnic. SALIMIKORDASIABI Behdad (IRN), +105 kg potvrdil pověst favorita. V trhu s ním držel krok Ruslan Albegov (RUS), oba první disciplínou prošli bez zaváhání a připsali si na své konto 208 kg. Sajjad ANOUSHIRAVANI HAMLABAD (IRI) obsadil v trhu 3. místo se 204 kg. V nadhozu byl již Behdad suverénní. Základním pokusem na 247 kg zvítězil, zvýšil o 17 kg na 264 kg, ale zde již nenalezl potřebnou motivaci a po nezdaru 3. pokus vypustil. Ruslan měl poslední možnost vybojovat pro Rusko zlatou medaili, nadějně vypadající pokusy na 245 a 247 kg nedokázal ve výrazu potvrdit a propadl se až na 3. místo. Irán slavil double. Behdad je držitelem neoficiálních nejlepších výkonů 473 (217, 256) z kvalifikačního turnaje, který se konal v Sanandaj (Irán) dne 6. 10. 2011. Trh a dvojboj je lepší světových rekordů. Zvítězil 2x na MS (2009, 2010), 2x na mistrovství Asie (2011, 2012), na Asijských hrách (2010) a je mistr světa J-20 let (2009). V této kategorii jsme měli svého jediného zástupce Jiřího Orsága. Jiří nezklamal a v osobních rekordech obsadil 7. místo. Druhý pokus v nadhozu 239 kg znamenal nový rekord ČR. Patřil v této kategorii k nejmladším a nejlehčím. V tom je Jirkova perspektiva. Na soutěž se s trenérem Pavlem Ivaničem dokázali dokonale připravit. V žebříčku přepočtu výkonů na Sb. se Jiří umístil na vynikajícím 40. místě všech účastníků olympijských her.
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