Don Lewan Interview
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US COLD WAR AIRCRAFT CARRIERS Forrestal, Kitty Hawk and Enterprise Classes
US COLD WAR AIRCRAFT CARRIERS Forrestal, Kitty Hawk and Enterprise Classes BRAD ELWARD ILLUSTRATED BY PAUL WRIGHT © Osprey Publishing • www.ospreypublishing.com NEW VANGUARD 211 US COLD WAR AIRCRAFT CARRIERS Forrestal, Kitty Hawk and Enterprise Classes BRAD ELWARD ILLUSTRATED BY PAUL WRIGHT © Osprey Publishing • www.ospreypublishing.com CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 4 ORIGINS OF THE CARRIER AND THE SUPERCARRIER 5 t World War II Carriers t Post-World War II Carrier Developments t United States (CVA-58) THE FORRESTAL CLASS 11 FORRESTAL AS BUILT 14 t Carrier Structures t The Flight Deck and Hangar Bay t Launch and Recovery Operations t Stores t Defensive Systems t Electronic Systems and Radar t Propulsion THE FORRESTAL CARRIERS 20 t USS Forrestal (CVA-59) t USS Saratoga (CVA-60) t USS Ranger (CVA-61) t USS Independence (CVA-62) THE KITTY HAWK CLASS 26 t Major Differences from the Forrestal Class t Defensive Armament t Dimensions and Displacement t Propulsion t Electronics and Radars t USS America, CVA-66 – Improved Kitty Hawk t USS John F. Kennedy, CVA-67 – A Singular Class THE KITTY HAWK AND JOHN F. KENNEDY CARRIERS 34 t USS Kitty Hawk (CVA-63) t USS Constellation (CVA-64) t USS America (CVA-66) t USS John F. Kennedy (CVA-67) THE ENTERPRISE CLASS 40 t Propulsion t Stores t Flight Deck and Island t Defensive Armament t USS Enterprise (CVAN-65) BIBLIOGRAPHY 47 INDEX 48 © Osprey Publishing • www.ospreypublishing.com US COLD WAR AIRCRAFT CARRIERS FORRESTAL, KITTY HAWK AND ENTERPRISE CLASSES INTRODUCTION The Forrestal-class aircraft carriers were the world’s first true supercarriers and served in the United States Navy for the majority of America’s Cold War with the Soviet Union. -
Story Musgrave (M.D.) Nasa Astronaut (Former)
Biographical Data Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center Houston, Texas 77058 National Aeronautics and Space Administration STORY MUSGRAVE (M.D.) NASA ASTRONAUT (FORMER) PERSONAL DATA: Born August 19, 1935, in Boston, Massachusetts, but considers Lexington, Kentucky, to be his hometown. Single. Six children (one deceased). His hobbies are chess, flying, gardening, literary criticism, microcomputers, parachuting, photography, reading, running, scuba diving, and soaring. EDUCATION: Graduated from St. Mark’s School, Southborough, Massachusetts, in 1953; received a bachelor of science degree in mathematics and statistics from Syracuse University in 1958, a master of business administration degree in operations analysis and computer programming from the University of California at Los Angeles in 1959, a bachelor of arts degree in chemistry from Marietta College in 1960, a doctorate in medicine from Columbia University in 1964, a master of science in physiology and biophysics from the University of Kentucky in 1966, and a master of arts in literature from the University of Houston in 1987. ORGANIZATIONS: Member of Alpha Kappa Psi, the American Association for the Advancement of Science, Beta Gamma Sigma, the Civil Aviation Medical Association, the Flying Physicians Association, the International Academy of Astronautics, the Marine Corps Aviation Association, the National Aeronautic Association, the National Aerospace Education Council, the National Geographic Society, the Navy League, the New York Academy of Sciences, Omicron Delta Kappa, Phi Delta Theta, the Soaring Club of Houston, the Soaring Society of America, and the United States Parachute Association. SPECIAL HONORS: National Defense Service Medal and an Outstanding Unit Citation as a member of the United States Marine Corps Squadron VMA-212 (1954); United States Air Force Post-doctoral Fellowship (1965-1966); National Heart Institute Post-doctoral Fellowship (1966-1967); Reese Air Force Base Commander’s Trophy (1969); American College of Surgeons I.S. -
George Prince Kaumuali'i, the Forgotten Prince
DOUGLAS WARNE George Prince Kaumuali'i, the Forgotten Prince CATHERINE STAUDER provides considerable historical data on George Prince Kaumuali'i, the first born son of King Kaumuali'i, the last king to rule over the islands of Kaua'i and Ni'ihau.1 She discussed his military record and reached the conclusion that the royal prince and his missionary benefactors were less than honest in reporting his exploits in the U.S. Navy during the war of 1812. However, additional material gleaned from military and secular records indicates George Prince Kaumuali'i may not have been such a lying rascal after all. The purpose of this article is to revisit the period in question, and consider some other documentation which has come to light that indicates that the Prince probably was indeed wounded in combat during the war of 1812, but the particular sea battle cited in the religious press is in error. A brief chronology of George's activities based upon Stauder's arti- cle follows: Jan. 1804 to July 1805: George left the island of Kaua'i at the age of four aboard the Brig Hazard, an American trading vessel, under care of Captain James Rowan. His original Hawaiian name was Hume- hume, but his father, King Kaumuali'i, suggested he be called George (after King George of England) when he went abroad. The lad was sent off alone by his father to obtain an education in America. The ship sailed first to the Northwest Coast of America, then back across the Pacific to China, the Indian Ocean, around Africa arriving in Providence, Rhode Island eighteen months after leaving Kaua'i. -
Index for Series of Interviews with Vice Admiral Robert Burns Pirie US Navy
Index for Series of Interviews with Vice Admiral Robert Burns Pirie U. S. Navy (Ret.) AERIAL ILLUMINATION: Japanese use of, p 119; p 123-4. AGA KAHN: Pirie calls on him In Cannes, p 206. AIRCRAFT CARRIERS: role as conceived in period 1931-3; p 46; ADM Burke's request to Pirie that he get authorization for another carrier - difficulties involved, p 286-7. AIRCRAFT SCOUTING FORCE: The big flying boats, p 51-2; the first flight to Hawaii, p 52. AIRPLANE TYPES - development: Pirie as DCNO involved with decisions on a number of plane types, p 294-6; the RA-5, p 296-7; summary of plane and engine development, p 303-8. USS AKRON: p 37, 41. ALASKA: see entries under USS TEAL. ALEUTIANS: p 54-5; the first survey party, p 69; weather problems, p 69-71. ASLITO AIRFIELD - Saipan: p 118-119 ASTRONAUTS: The choosing of a contingent of fifty test pilots, p. 321-3. A/S WARFARE: Pirie's ship, USS SICILY, employed in exercises, p 175 ff. ATOMIC TESTS - Bikini: p 145-6. AURAND, VADM Evan Peter: Aide to President Eisenhower, (1957), p 263; p 265. USS BAFFIN: Commissioned (Apr. 1943) in Tacoma, p 102; turned over to the Royal Navy, p 102-3. BANFF, Scotland: Pirie's visit to his father's birthplace, p 174. USS BARRY: Pirie assignment to her followed torpedo school in Newport, p 9-10. BLANDY, ADM. Wm. H. P.: in command of Task Force for tests at Bikini, p 145. BOGAN, VADM Gerald F.: Takes command of VF-3 on the USS LEXINGTON, p 19; becomes head of test section at Anacostia, p 42; commander NAS Miami (1940), p 42; becomes skipper of the SARATOGA, 1942, p 91; -
662 18 13 P-5323A-Reg NAVY DEPARTMENT BUREAU OF
In reply address not the signer of this letter, but Bureau of Naval Personnel, Navy Department, Washington, D.C. Refer to No. 662 18 13 P-5323a-reg NAVY DEPARTMENT BUREAU OF NAVAL PERSONNEL Washington 24, D. C. 7 October 1944 Mrs. Katherine Agnes Heinrich Live Oak California Dear Mrs. Heinrich: The Navy Department has had numerous requests for information concerning the loss of the USS HELENA (CL 5O). An account of the exploits of that ship was written for publication. Believing that the relatives of the officers and men would like to have it, it was requested that it be reproduced. This Bureau is pleased to forward a copy herewith. It is believed that you will find strength and pride in the knowledge that the gallant fight waged by the officers and men of the USS HELENA against great odds in keeping with the finest traditions of the Navy. By direction of the Chief of Naval Personnel. Sincerely yours, A.C. Jacobs Captain U. S. N. R. Director of the Dependents Welfare Division Encl 1. NAVY DEPARTMENT HOLD FOR RELEASE IN MORNING PAPERS OF SUNDAY, OCTOBER 24, 1943, NOT APPEARING ON THE STREET BEFORE 8 p.m (E.W.T.), OCTOBER 23, 1943 THE STORY OF THE USS HELENA Snatched from the sea and the steaming yap-infested South Pacific jungle, nearly 1,000 men of the lost USS HELENA today stand fit and ready to fight again. The story of their rescue by destroyers after their ship went down fighting to the end in Kula Gulf July 7, 1943, which has been told in part, like the history of the HELENA herself, will live always as an inspiration to new generations of American sea-fighters. -
Mission: History Studiorum Historiam Praemium Est
N a v a l O r d e r o f t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s – S a n F r a n c i s c o C o m m a n d e r y Mission: History Studiorum Historiam Praemium Est Volume 1, Issue 3 HHHHHH 5 April 1999 1865: Worst Ever U.S. 1945: The Mightiest Armada Ever Marine Disaster Kills Carries the Pacific War to Okinawa 1,800 Union POW’s It was the worst marine disaster in American history. It happened to the river steamer Sultana at two in the morning on April 27, 1865, when her boiler exploded on the Mississippi. Somewhere between 1,700 and 1,800 men lost their lives, when Sultana blew up, caught fire and sank, a few miles above Memphis, as she was passing a cluster of islands known in those days as the Hen and Chickens. The 1,700 to 1,800 men were part of a cargo — that’s the right word here — of men that Sultana was taking home to Ohio, Michigan, Indiana and there- abouts. The rest of the cargo — about 500 or 600 men — were saved. The men were on their way home to THE BIG GUNS OF USS TENNESSEE pound Okinawa as soldiers of the 24th Ohio, Michigan, Indiana and there- Arm y Corps head for the beach. It would take three M arine divisions and four Arm y divisions three m onths to secure the island. 1942: Malta’s Defense Okinawa Proves to be Calls for Spitfires — Bloodiest Pacific Battle From the bridge of his flagship, USS Wasp Delivers the Goods Indianapolis, Admiral Raymond A. -
Saga of the US Navy's Last Operational Axial Flight Deck Aircraft Carrier BY
ike many Sailors, I was in One of the last built of the 24 Soviet ships involved were Atlantic and train with the rest the “Champ,” the first as a Dixon, the popular clairvoyant the Navy for a considerable Essex-class carriers, she also taken by her air group. of the task group, was shared by ready room messenger and the of the time — so it was reported Lamount of time — almost had another distinction: She In 1965, when I reported to two other air groups out of rest as a plane captain on the — predicted on the night of 31 two-years — before I finally was the last operational straight my squadron, she still had not Quonset Point — one embarked flight deck. The highlight of March/1 April 1966, a US Navy reported for sea duty: Boot (axial) deck carrier in the Navy. been modernized. She really aboard the USS Essex (CVS-9) her life at that time was the carrier operating off the east camp at Great Lakes, crash She had been slated for a major didn’t need the steam catapults, also home ported there, and the recovery of astronauts Charles coast of the United States crew duty in Pensacola, and overhaul to upgrade to steam for the fixed wing aircraft she other aboard the USS Wasp Conrad and Gordon Cooper would be lost with almost all electronics school at NATTC catapults, angled deck, and carried, twin-engine Grumman (CVS-18), out of Boston. We from the Gemini 5 space hands (we had a crew of Memphis before reporting to Air many other improvements that S2F Trackers and single-engine would rotate being at sea, mission on 29 August 1965. -
USS Oriskany (CVA 34) 7 Jan-11 Feb 1953
•. .'· .. il • y ' U.S.S. ORISKANY (CVA-34) • CVA34/AJ.6...J.3 • care of Fleet Post Office ( 13: HRM :w~m) San Francisco, california Ser 093 25 Feb 1953 11 ('?'- , ~· :fl· I ~'. ' ~ I .. ~ . ~ ' •';: ~ DOWNGRMED M' B fE1\'R IN'l£rfn.\CS, DECU\SS!FlED AFTER 12 YEARS D!ttdliDED DO:) c~:: ··: ~ ~~ From: commanding Officer To: Chief of Naval Operations Via: (1) commander Task Force SEVENTY-BEVEN (2) commander SEVENTH Fleet {3) commander Naval Forces, Far East (4) Commander in Chief, U.S. Pacific Fleet subj: J.ction Report for the period of 7 January 19S3 through 11 February :.953 Ref: (a) OPNAV Instruction 3480.4 Enc1: (1) CVG-12 Action Report 7 Januar.y 1953 through 11 Februar,y 1953 1~ In cccordrunce with reference (a) the Action Report for the period of ? Janu~ry 1953 through 11 February 1953 is hereby submitted. PART I • COMPOSITION OF OWN FORCES The U.S.S. ORISKANY {CVA-34) with carrier Air Group 102 (redesignated Car rier Air Group 12 on 4 February 1953) embarked, sortied from yokosuka Harbor at 0658I, 7 January 1953 and at 0822!, 10 January 1953 joined Task Force 71 in Area Tare, the Japan sea. Commander Task Force 77 and commander Car rier Division THREE, RADM A. SOUCEK, USN, was embarked in the U.S.S. VALLEY FORGE (CVA-45). · commander carrier Division FIVE, RADM R. F. HICKEY, USN, embarked in the u.s.s. KEARSARGE (CVA-33), assumed duties as commander Task Force 77 on 2~ January 1953. On 11 February 1953 the U.S.S. -
Hobson: Unsung Hero
USS Hobson (DD-464) on 4 March 1942 off Charleston, South U Carolina. At this time, the destroyer was finished in Camouflage Measure 12 (Modified). As typical of the time S period, the ship photo has been censored to remove radar SHOBSON antenna and the Mk. 37 gun director. She served in every major US Naval n 12 May 1952, LIFE magazine carried a UnsungHthree-page storyero headed “Wasp Splits the action of the European and in the last OHobson.” Illustrated with a drawing of a carrier ramming a smaller ship and photos of oil-blackened great action of the Pacific. She even survivors, it detailed a disaster off the Azores where the survived a kamikaze attack. Still, the 27,000-ton Wasp collided with the 1600-ton Hobson. Life also mentioned the fact that Wasp had been a destroyer USS Hobson received little veteran of the Pacific Theater in the Second World War. But it made no mention of the Hobson’s record. public acclaim — until she was sliced In fact, the Hobson had served in every major US through by the aircraft carrier USS Wasp naval action of the European War and in the last great action of the Pacific. She had been hit by a kamikaze and survived. And she had six Battle Stars BY CHARLES M. ROBINSON III and a Presidential Unit Citation. INTO SERVICE The Hobson was built as DD-464 and named after The Hobson left Bermuda on 25 October escorting On D-Day, 8 November, the Ranger’s group arrived R/Adm. Richmond P. -
Naval Accidents 1945-1988, Neptune Papers No. 3
-- Neptune Papers -- Neptune Paper No. 3: Naval Accidents 1945 - 1988 by William M. Arkin and Joshua Handler Greenpeace/Institute for Policy Studies Washington, D.C. June 1989 Neptune Paper No. 3: Naval Accidents 1945-1988 Table of Contents Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 1 Overview ........................................................................................................................................ 2 Nuclear Weapons Accidents......................................................................................................... 3 Nuclear Reactor Accidents ........................................................................................................... 7 Submarine Accidents .................................................................................................................... 9 Dangers of Routine Naval Operations....................................................................................... 12 Chronology of Naval Accidents: 1945 - 1988........................................................................... 16 Appendix A: Sources and Acknowledgements........................................................................ 73 Appendix B: U.S. Ship Type Abbreviations ............................................................................ 76 Table 1: Number of Ships by Type Involved in Accidents, 1945 - 1988................................ 78 Table 2: Naval Accidents by Type -
Wasp Is Stung
Wasp Is Stung It was a relatively small island surrounded by the largest ocean. Six months before, few Americans had ever heard of it. Fewer still could have located it on a globe. Now, in September 1942, it was the locus for the decisive land battle of the Pacific War. American Marines had surprised the Japanese with their daring invasion of Guadalcanal the previous month. The Marines, with élan and sacrifice, had quickly captured the island’s strategic airfield. Then, when the Navy had pulled its transport ships back from the island in the face of superior Japanese land-based air power from nearby Rabaul, the Marines had suddenly been on their own. A seesaw struggle had emerged as the Navy had toiled to keep the Marines supplied against suicidal “banzai” charges from the enemy. Now, two Navy task forces were steaming toward Guadalcanal, escorting the transport ships carrying not only badly needed supplies Navy Wildcat Fighters on and rations, but also reinforcements in the form of the 7th Marine Wasp’s flight deck, 1942 Regiment. The task forces were each built around an aircraft carrier, ships which had already emerged as the dominant vessels in this new war. One of these ships, Hornet, had been present at the signal events of the war in the Pacific. It was from her deck that Army Air Force Lieutenant Colonel Jimmy Doolittle had launched the morale-boosting raid on Tokyo the previous April. Her flyers had contributed to the stinging defeat of the Japanese fleet at the Battle of Midway in June. -
The Space Race Documented Through Front Pages of Newspapers from Around North America
The News Frontier The Space Race documented through front pages of newspapers from around North America Newspapers and patches generously donated to the McAuliffe-Shepard Discovery Center by Jerrid Kenney After the end of World War II, a new battle began: the Cold War. In the mid-20th century, the United States and the Soviet Union were each trying to prove they were better than the other. Both sides wanted to show the superiority of their technology, military, and, by extension, their political systems. Starting in the late 1950s, the battlefront reached space. The United States and the Soviet Union fought to first achieve milestones in space exploration—starting in 1957 with the Soviet Union’s launch of Sputnik I, continuing through the U.S.’s landing astronauts on the Moon in 1969, and ending with a handshake in space between American astronauts and Soviet cosmonauts in 1975. Witness the fight for extraterrestrial might by reading about the United States and the Soviet Union’s major feats of the Space Race, as recorded in American and Canadian newspapers in real time. The Space Race Over Time July 15-24, 1975 February 20, 1962 May 28, 1964 The Space Race comes October 4, 1957 April 12, 1961 July 20, 1969 John Glenn becomes NASA launches to an end with the Soviet Union Yuri Gagarin Neil Armstrong first American to unmanned Saturn I Apollo-Soyuz Test launches first becomes first becomes the first orbit the Earth rocket as first step Project, the in-orbit artificial satellite human in space human to walk on of the Apollo the Moon docking of U.S.