PwC Webinar series

Combating COVID-19; the Nigerian Story

Introduction

The PwC webinar series focus on various business issues as part of our responsibility to provide a platform for stakeholders in different sectors to discuss pertinent issues.

This webcast held on 14 May 2020 was targeted at the Government and Public sector, in relation to the management of COVID-19 as a country and the impact on the way we work, live and interact.

The session provided an avenue for leaders within the sector to communicate, clarify and co-create important solutions with key stakeholders. Critical to this was articulating the Nigerian story so far, key learnings to date and our response as a country going forward. Overview

The session which lasted for an hour and a half (2:00pm-3:30pm) attracted over 350 participants from both the public and private sectors. Uyi Akpata, Country and Regional Senior Partner, PwC West Market Area, gave the opening remarks while highlighting key observations around the pandemic in , and paying tribute to the those who have lost their lives to the pandemic.

The highlight of the event was the panel discussion which was made up of influential voices within the public and private sectors offering in-depth and comprehensive insight into Nigeria’s approach in tackling the novel coronavirus.

The panelists were Rep. Femi Gbajabiamila, Speaker, House of Representatives Federal Republic of Nigeria, Dr. Kayode Fayemi, Chairman, Nigeria Governors’ Forum and Governor, , Dr. Sani Aliyu, National Coordinator, Presidential Task Force on COVID-19 and Ms. Zouera Youssofou, CEO, Aliko Dangote Foundation (ADF) and Secretariat Coordinator, CACOVID. The webcast was moderated by Mary Iwelumo, Partner / Government & Public Services Leader, PwC Nigeria.

Opening remarks – Uyi Akpata

Uyi Akpata, made some observations around the pandemic in Nigeria. He stated that the fight against the virus kicked off with the confirmation of the index case in on 27 February 2020. A month after, over 100 cases were reported and tracking of the COVID curve commenced.

According to Akpata, several interventions have been adopted in combating this pandemic. In Nigeria, the measures have been in 3 broad categories – public health, humanitarian, and economic or fiscal. The measures have been introduced at different times and to varying extents.

He stressed the point that an evident key to success is partnerships between stakeholders especially the public and private sectors. He mentioned the various intervention efforts put in place by PwC Nigeria one of which is working closely with organizations, governments and other stakeholders to help them prepare and respond to the different scenarios emerging from the new normal by leveraging our experience of dealing with previous pandemics such as EBOLA, MERS, SARS and bird flu.

Akpata also provided information on PwC’s intervention to support individuals, businesses and government in responding to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria.

The N100M intervention tagged “PwC Cares” consists of initiatives targeted at various sections of society including vulnerable households and small businesses. It comprises cash donations and palliatives to various State Governments as well as time cost invested by our senior personnel in project management support. In this regard we are supporting the Coalition Against COVID-19 by providing project monitoring and evaluation support, amongst other things.

Combating COVID-19; the Nigerian Story | 2 In addition, he stated that PwC will provide pro bono complementary business continuity support services to small businesses employing between 5 to 50 employees who undertake to retain all their staff during this period.

Akpata added that PwC is leveraging its knowledge and resources to support governments at the federal and state levels in their economic responses to the challenges posed by COVID-19 by setting up a COVID-19 Knowledge Centre accessible via our website to support individuals, businesses, policymakers and the general public.

He re-iterated our commitment to help organisations and government respond to the pandemic by hosting these series of free webinars on the economic implications and policy responses to COVID-19 during which we share key insights, scenario analyses and generally engage stakeholders on how to remain resilient through the crisis and ensure sustainability post COVID-19.

Akpata pointed out that the severity of the health and economic crises may be connected to the difference in per capita testing. It may be argued that in a bid to contain the spread of this coronavirus, the most effective navigation tool is testing – identify, track, isolate, and/or treat.

In conclusion, he stated that the more intense the measures are in fighting the health crisis, the higher the impact will be on the economy – a delicate balancing act required in combating the COVID pandemic.

Setting the scene - Mary Iwelumo, Partner / Government & Public Services Leader, PwC Nigeria

Mary Iwelumo in a bid to help participants understand Nigeria’s COVID-19 infection trajectory to determine whether the curve is close to flattening or not, gave a quick background on the data and statistics of the virus.

Combating COVID-19; the Nigerian Story | 3 Setting the Scene

The COVID-19 curves for some of the countries are flattening

10000000

US 1000000 Spain UK Brazil Italy 100000 China India

Indonesia South 10000 Reported Cases Reported South Korea Nigeria Ghana

1000 Senegal

100 1 8 15 22 29 36 43 50 57 64 71 78 85 92 99 106 113

Days

A look at this curve, reveals that the trajectory for all countries (from their 100th case) initially trended upwards. Today (going on 2 months post our reported 100th case) we continue to trend upwards. Notice that some countries have been able to bend their curves meaning a decreasing number of reported new cases daily.

Source: European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, PwC Analysis

Nigeria measures to combat COVID-19 are in three categories

450 Total of 4,971 reported cases 400 and 164 deaths as of 13th May Relaxation of lockdown in 2020 Ogun, Lagos and Abuja and 350 stricter measures for

300 Ban on Domestic Nigeria confirms and International Payment of NGN20,000 the Index case flights 250 to poor and vulnerable Hazzard allowance to households frontline Healthcare workers 200 Set-up of a N500 CBN 2.8 billion Ban on social billion COVID-19 COVID-19 gatherings (<20 Lock down of three state- Lockdown Crisis Intervention intervention loan 150 persons) Ogun, Lagos and Abuja and extended by 2 Fund. and other CBN Ban on Interstate travels weeks measures in response to 100 Set-up of Presidential COVID-19 Task Force on Covid- Receives supply of 50 19 test kits

0

3/7/2020 4/2/2020 3/1/2020 3/3/2020 3/5/2020 3/9/2020 4/4/2020 4/6/2020 4/8/2020 5/2/2020 5/4/2020 5/6/2020 5/8/2020

4/28/2020 2/28/2020 3/11/2020 3/13/2020 3/15/2020 3/17/2020 3/19/2020 3/21/2020 3/23/2020 3/25/2020 3/27/2020 3/29/2020 3/31/2020 4/10/2020 4/12/2020 4/14/2020 4/16/2020 4/18/2020 4/20/2020 4/22/2020 4/24/2020 4/26/2020 4/30/2020 5/10/2020 5/12/2020

There have been several interventions adopted in combating this pandemic. In Nigeria, the measures have been in 3 broad categories – Health, Humanitarian and Economic. The measures have been introduced at different times and to varying extents. Suffice to say, as was shown in the previous slide, the Nigerian curve is steep and is trending up.

Source: European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control,CBN PwC Analysis Health Humanitarian Economic

Combating COVID-19; the Nigerian Story | 4 Setting the Scene

There appears to be an inverse relationship between testing and the # of reported new cases…although with a lag

60,000.00

Spain • Testing Per Capita – 50,000.00 Measures the number of COVID-19 tests Italy conducted per million 40,000.00 persons. Nigeria testing per million persons is US UK 137. 30,000.00 • We considered the recent (month-on-month) 20,000.00 increase in the number of South

Test per million people people million per Test Korea reported cases – th South Africa between 12 April and 10,000.00 12th May. India Brazil Indonesia Nigeria Senegal Ghana • The bubble size = IMF - 980.32 GDP projections for -400% -200% 0% 200% 400% 600% 800% 1000% 1200% 1400% 1600% countries.

(10,000.00)

Increase in # of reported cases (month-on-month) - 12April – 12 May

Source: Worldometer, European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control , United States Census Bureau, PwC Analysis Africa Asia Europe America

In summary, the data we have suggest a through line between the level of test per capita, the extent (or reach) of interventions and number of new cases reported

The severity of the health and The timing and reach of intervening The more intense the measures are economic crises is connected to the to combat COVID-19 may also in fighting the health crisis, the difference in the level of per capita dictate the outcomes over time – a greater the impact may be on the testing. Perhaps it is true that in stich in time saves nine…in this economy – a delicate balancing act order to contain the spread of this case, it may save lives is required in combating the COVID coronavirus, the most effective pandemic. navigation tool is testing – identify, track, isolate and/or treat.

Combating COVID-19; the Nigerian Story | 5 Panel discussion

Rep Femi Gbajabiamila Speaker, House of Representatives Federal Republic of Nigeria The Honorable Speaker of the House of Representatives, Federal Republic of Nigeria – Representative Femi Gbajabiamila. The Honorable Speaker represents 1 Federal Constituency of . He is an astute lawyer with several years of experience in Nigeria and the United States.

Dr. Kayode Fayemi Know your panelists your Know Chairman, Nigeria Governors’ Forum and Governor, Ekiti State The Chairman of the Nigeria Governors’ Forum and Executive Governor of Ekiti State – Dr. Kayode Fayemi. Amongst the numerous laudable positions, he has held, HE Fayemi was, in 2004 a Visiting Professor of African Studies at the Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA.

Dr. Sani Aliyu National Coordinator, Presidential Task Force on COVID-19 The National Coordinator of the Presidential Task Force on COVID-19 – Dr. Sani Aliyu. Dr. Aliyu is one of the foremost infectious disease specialists in Nigeria. He is credited with delivering the largest population-based HIV- specific survey in the world that defined the true prevalence of HIV in Nigeria.

Ms. Zouera Youssoufou CEO, Aliko Dangote Foundation (ADF) and Secretariat Coordinator, CACOVID The Coordinator of the Secretariat of the private sector Coalition Against COVID-19 – Ms. Zouera Youssoufou. Zouera is the Managing Director/CEO of the Aliko Dangote Foundation (ADF), the largest private Foundation in Africa.

Mary Iwelumo in moderating the panel session posed a number of questions to the panelists, in reference to the pandemic and what had plagued each of them to date and how they have responded. Their responses are highlighted below:

Honorable Speaker, Rep. Femi Gbajabiamila, the Speaker House of Representatives

Response Rep Femi Gbajabiamila: There are lots of questions without answers. It is novel and we have never been on this road before; There have been a lot of issues – emotional challenges and things never been seen before.

All we hear and see are deaths and gloom especially for old people as well as depression. There are many questions being thrown up more than answers being provided. We are the House of Representatives – What have we done? We have passed the economic stimulus bill. The second stimulus bill is in the works and will cover a wider section of our people.

We are approaching all these in the spirit of shared sacrifices. We are looking at the cost of governance as well as a lot of things that need to change. Effective accountability should be addressed. The palliatives should be better managed to ensure that they reach the areas of critical need.

Combating COVID-19; the Nigerian Story | 6 Chairman of the Nigerian Governors’ Forum, Kayode Fayemi Response Governor Fayemi: This is a virus that has disrupted the entire gamut of our existence. There is still a myth around COVID – 19 by some people who believe it is an elitist illness. Getting to our people through effective communication is one of the greatest challenges being faced.

Dr. Sani Aliyu, National Coordinator, Presidential Task Force on Covid-19

Response

Dr Sani Aliyu: The challenges are being faced by everyone. It goes beyond health intervention. Significant resources have been thrown at it.

The greatest challenge is trying to get the public to accept the guidelines and follow them. COVID -19 represents an opportunity for us to reset our health systems and also to improve the engagement between the public and private sector.

Ms. Zouera Youssoufou, Managing Director/CEO of the Aliko Dangote Foundation (ADF), the largest private Foundation in Africa and Coordinator of the Secretariat of CACOVID – the Nigerian Private sector-led coalition against Covid-19.

Response

Ms Zouera Youssoufou: COVID-19 took the entire world by surprise. It is the biggest challenge that we have ever faced as a continent and a global entity. It has created new problems for the Nigerian economy and accelerates the manifestation of trends that were already happening.

Combating COVID-19; the Nigerian Story | 7 Individual Responses

Chairman of the Nigerian Governors’ Forum, Kayode Fayemi Question Mary Iwelumo: State Governments appear to be deploying different measures in combating COVID-19 or maybe, deploying similar measures at differing rates and intensities. We acknowledge that it should not be one size fits all. However, is there a minimum standard to be adopted? What is this standard, and why is it important that State Governments adopt these minimum standards?

Response

Governor Fayemi: The novelty of coronavirus means that there is no textbook approach on how to tackle the virus. Africa has some experience with Ebola, and that has been an important learning reference. But, even the more developed western nations are struggling. There is still a myth around COVID– 19 for some people who consider it as an elite illness. This perspective is dangerous because it could easily counteract the Nigerian government’s efforts to enforce social distancing and abide by basic hygiene practices.

There is an urgent need for an attitudinal change and mass education. We have to adopt a holistic approach to fighting the disease. Getting through to our people through effective communication is one of the most significant challenges being faced, and the government has to put in place, structures and policies to surmount this issue.

Dr. Sani Aliyu, National Coordinator, Presidential Task Force on Covid-19 Question Mary Iwelumo: What is the crux of the Nigerian strategy to combat COVID-19? What shape of curve should we expect in 30, 60, 90 … 180days? Or, what should Nigerians be focused on in assessing our success in combating this pandemic?

Response

Dr Sani Aliyu: The challenges are being faced by everyone in society, from the government to the private sector to small and medium businesses. No one is exempted. What this tells us is that there needs to be a multifaceted approach in combating the virus.

This approach must, however, go beyond health interventions. We need to consider the economic and social disruptions this virus has created and how best to deal with it. Like many other governments, a considerable amount of financial resources has been put towards responding to the pandemic. However, to make an impact, these funds must be streamlined to policies that would yield visible results and make Nigerians better. One of the most significant challenges is trying to get the public to accept the guidelines and follow them strictly. While it is understandable that they need to make a living, they should also be informed about the health ramifications of defying stipulated rules.

At the end of the day, there is always an opportunity to be tapped, even amid chaos. COVID - 19 represents a chance for us to reset and revive our public health systems. This pandemic has exposed several weaknesses and dysfunctional systems that need to be remedied. Also, there is a need to improve the engagement between the public and private sector and foster collaboration in tackling important issues like this.

Combating COVID-19; the Nigerian Story | 8 Ms. Zouera Youssoufou, Managing Director/CEO of the Aliko Dangote Foundation (ADF), the largest private Foundation in Africa and Coordinator of the Secretariat of CACOVID – the Nigerian Private sector-led coalition against COVID-19. Question Mary Iwelumo: Pre COVID-19, the buzzword “PPP” was mouthed and sought after by many. We (public and private sector players) recognized the need to work together but struggled to make it happen and sustain meaningful partnerships. With the advent of COVID-19, a partnership appears to have been formed rapidly between the private sector and the government with visible results. With what you know today, how would you advise that we seek to normalize the rapid formation of future partnerships and, more importantly, sustain the partnerships and ensuing results?

Response

Ms Zouera Youssoufou: This is the biggest challenge we have faced. The Coalition Against COVID-19 was formed with the objective of providing direct support to the private and public healthcare system in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The funds were consolidated to contribute towards Testing, Isolation Centre Set Up and Support, Capacity Building and Citizen Welfare.

Testing: The Coalition has donated Test Kits, Sample Collection Swabs, Viral Transport Mediums and other testing materials and PPEs.

Isolation Centre Set Up and Support: CACOVID has provided Medical and Non-Medical Items for a total of 39 Isolation centres across the 36 States and FCT. The Coalition constructed 3 out of the 39 centres and contributed towards the renovation of 9 of the 39.

Capacity Building: CACOVID, in collaboration with NCDC and the WHO trained participants in Kano across 39 Local Government Areas to ensure proper Isolation Centre protocols are followed.

Citizen Welfare: Hot Food - CACOVID distributed Hot Food across 20 LGAs in Lagos State as an immediate response to the food insecurity

Food Relief Programme - CACOVID is providing food for the poorest 5% of the total Nigerian population (Approx. 200 million). The programme will provide food for 1,666,667 Households across all States.

Combating COVID-19; the Nigerian Story | 9 Wrap up – Tolu Adeleke, Partner, G&PS, PwC Nigeria

Tolu ended the session by giving a recap of what had been discussed and thanking the Panelists and all participants. He mentioned that the pandemic is an invisible war as we all face an invisible enemy in this war.

COVID -19 presents an opportunity for us to reset our health systems and also improve the engagement between the public and private sector in a lot of our critical areas and infrastructure.

Adeleke stressed that as a nation, we are working towards flattening the curve; reducing the number of new infections and looking at doing what he referred to as the 3Ts – Testing; Tracing and Treatment while building up testing capacity to ensure that we give access to people to test.

Adeleke also pointed out that there is increased collaboration between the public and private sector on one hand and states and federal government via the Presidential Task Force on another hand. He mentioned that he can only hope that there will be continuous synergy between all the critical stakeholders towards ensuring that we overcome this unforeseen common enemy. There are peer reviews, and this is quite encouraging so that success recorded in some states can be replicated in others while lessons learnt in some states can also be shared with others, Tolu stated.

He encouraged everyone present to take all the learning points for improvements in their various critical sectors and reiterated that there is an opportunity in this adversity just as His Excellency, Governor Fayemi had stated earlier.

Picking from the various discussions, Adeleke concluded by advising that the Government conducts impact analysis in making final decisions.

Attendees at the webcast were asked to complete a survey focusing on various concerns around the COVID-19 virus. Tolu Adeleke shared the results of the survey and also did a recap of all that had been said during the session.

Survey findings

Upon registration for the webinar, participants were required to complete a survey focusing on various concerns around the COVID-19 virus. Tolu Adeleke also read out the results of the survey

What are the 3 key requirements for successfully fighting COVID-19 in Nigeria

Testing 389 71.1%

Awareness 391 71.5%

Healthcare facilities and personnel 391 71.5%

Infrastructure – housing, power 26 4.8%

Economic empowerment 104 19%

Funding 77 14.1%

Personal responsibility 286 52.3%

0 100 200 300 400

Combating COVID-19; the Nigerian Story | 10 What 3 key areas do you think Government should improve upon in its fight against COVID-19

Conduct more testing of citizens 443 81%

Improve awareness of COVID-19 351 64.2%

More clarity on official measures to contain the crisis 204 37.3%

Extension of palliatives to more vulnerable persons 289 52.8%

Extension of social protection for citizens 147 26.9%

Improve security 73 13.3%

Price controls of critical goods 157 28.7%

0 100 200 300 400 500

Which top 3 sectors of the economy should the Government prioritize in order to fast-track recovery

Health 463 84.6%

Manufacturing 351 50.8%

Agriculture 395 72.2%

Telecommunication and IT 143 26.1%

Oil and Gas 46 8.4%

Aviation 38 6.9%

Youth and Sports 8 1.5%

Education 181 33.1%

Housing 25 4.6%

Transport 62 11.3%

Power 6 1.1%

Mining 2 0.4%

Construction & Infrastructure 2 0.4% Electricity and Power 1 0.2%

Human capital 1 0.2%

Infrastructure 1 0.2%

Trade 1 0.2%

Mining 1 0.2%

Food 1 0.2%

Social Welfare 1 0.2%

Fundamental mindset change 1 0.2%

I 1 0.2%

National re-orientation 1 0.2%

SME 1 0.2%

0 100 200 300 400 500

Combating COVID-19; the Nigerian Story | 11 How long do you envisage the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic will last?

7%

16.1% 42% Less than a month 1 to 3 months

3 to 6 months 6 to 12 months

More than 12 months

34.9%

Key requirements for successfully Key areas Government should improve fighting COVID-19 in Nigeria to fight against COVID-19

71.5% 44.3% Awareness Optimizing technology

71.5% 42.3% Healthcare facilities Improving operational and personnel efficiency (including process optimization, automation/ digitization)

71.1% 41.1% Testing Increasing/ implementing cost optimization

Combating COVID-19; the Nigerian Story | 12 www.pwc.com/ng

As part of our PwC Cares Covid-19 intervention, we have set up a Knowledge Hub with insights to support businesses and governments in their response to the impacts of COVID-19

Visit our COVID-19 Content Hub at www.pwc.com/ng/covid-19

Access COVID-19 Resources on PwC Nigeria's Tax 247 Mobile App available on both Google Play Store and the Apple App store

© 2020 PricewaterhouseCoopers Limited. All rights reserved. In this document, PwC refers to PricewaterhouseCoopers Limited (a Nigerian limited liability company), which is a member firm of PricewaterhouseCoopers International Limited, each member firm of which is a separate legal entity. Combating COVID-19; the Nigerian Story | 13