ISSUE 44 AUTUMN 2014

The Newsletter of ’s National Academy

resourcePhotography Easton Gareth by Photo

On Saturday 28 June 2014, Professor Sir Thomas Kibble CBE (left) received a Royal Medal of the Royal Society of at the , School of Physics Graduation Ceremony, held in McEwan Hall. At the same ceremony, Professor Peter Higgs CH FRSE (centre) was awarded the Freedom of the City of Edinburgh and Professor François Englert (right) was presented with an Honorary Degree from the University of Edinburgh. Further details of these awards and more photographs from the day can be found on page 16.

Also featured in this issue: President’s Farewell Dinner p. 2 Scotland’s Research Talent p. 8 RSE Response to the Referendum Outcome p. 12 resource AUTUMN 2014

The Fellows’ Triennial Dinner is held once during the three-year term of each Presidency, usually towards the end of the tenure. The Dinner in honour of Sir John Arbuthnott MRIA was held on Tuesday 5 August 2014 in the magnificent rooms of City Chambers overlooking George Square in Glasgow. This formal-dress occasion was attended by many Fellows and their partners, along with several civic dignitaries and eminent guests from Scotland and around the world.

Some photographs taken during the evening can be viewed here and the full set of images, all taken by Gary Doak, are available on the RSE website and can be downloaded from there for personal use: www.royalsoced.org.uk/716_TriennialDinner.html

(Above l-r) Sir John Arbuthnott; Depute Provost of Glasgow, Bailie Leonard; and Lord Dean Sir John and Bailie Leonard of Guild, Mr Raymond Williamson FRS AMD

Past President, Lord Wilson of Tillyorn KT (left) in conversation with Dr Jeremy McNeil, Foreign Secretary of the Royal Society of Canada

(l-r) Sir Jonathan Mills FRSE; The group shot (above) includes three past RSE Presidents, our current President Lady Natasha Wilson (wife and President-elect, Dame Jocelyn Bell Burnell DBE CBE (first lady from the left), of past President, Lord Wilson); who takes up office at the ASM on 13 October 2014. and Sir Muir Russell KCB FRSE

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Monday 24 November Thursday 27 November Monday 1 December 2014 at 6 pm 2014 2014 at 6 pm MACCORMICK SUPA CORMACK SIR JOHN CASS’S EUROPEAN lECTURE ASTRONOMy MEETING FOUNDATION lECTURE Professor Jean-Pierre Bourguignon, The Cormack Bequest meeting has been Education policy and Scottish President of the European a long-standing annual RSE event for the Scottish Astronomy community to gather autonomy: the end of a Research Council. and share, via talks and posters, some of common British tradition? the very wide range of astronomy research being conducted in Scotland. Professor Lindsay Paterson FBA Each year, there is an invited talk on a FRSE, School of Social and Political hot astronomy topic. Science, University of Edinburgh 27 November at 6 pm CORMACK lECTURE* Professor Sanjeev Gupta, Professor of Earth Science, The MacCormick European lecture is Imperial named in honour of the late Professor Sir Neil MacCormick FBA FRSE, in College recognition of his contribution to london Scottish and European politics and his international work for the RSE. Further Adventures of the Curiosity Rover in Gale Educational policy in the parts of the UK Previous speakers in the series have has been diverging since political devolution included Chris Patten (lord Patten of Crater, Mars around the turn of the century. What does Barnes), Sir John Kerr (lord Kerr of NASA’s Mars Science laboratory rover, this mean for the ideals of a common Kinlochard), Sir John Grant, Curiosity, touched down on the surface of citizenship in the UK? How do the changes Commissioner Jan Figel and Former Mars on 5 August 2012 in one of the most relate to the aspirations of liberal equal President of Ireland, Professor Mary audacious planetary landings ever. This opportunities that have influenced McAleese HonFRSE. car-sized rover has been successfully exploring education policy for over a century? What Gale crater since then. Built to conduct an role does research have in understanding This year’s lecture will be delivered investigation of modern and ancient by Professor Bourguignon, who was and also shaping these principles and environments on the surface of Mars, this the newly distinctive policies? What the Director of the Institut des Hautes talk will describe the rover’s explorations and implications do the results of the Etudes Scientifiques (IHES) from adventures, and discuss the latest findings. 1994 until 2013. He was also the first Referendum on Scottish independence ERC Panel Chair in Mathematics, for This talk will not only outline some of the have for education policy in Scotland? Starting Grants. exciting new evidence Curiosity has gathered This lecture forms part of an RSE on its journey, but also explain how scientists Ordinary Meeting and so will be and engineers make it all happen. preceded by Society business, such *only seats in overspill area left as Fellows signing the Roll.

Tickets are required for all RSE Events, which are open to all and normally free to attend, but registration is required. To register, please contact the Events Team – 0131 240 2780 – [email protected] or go online at: www.royalsoced.org.uk. (Some events may carry a charge - please check individual details). Please note that many RSE events run to full capacity. If you book a place at any event but are unable to attend, please inform the Events Team so that your place can be reallocated.

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Professor Julie Fitzpatrick OBE welcomes Bill Gates to GALVMed RSE Fellow, Professor Julie Fitzpatrick OBE, Scientific Director of the Moredun Research Institute, is pictured receiving Mr Bill Gates, during his visit to Edinburgh-based charity, GAlVmed (the Global Alliance for livestock Veterinary Medicines) on 29 July 2014, with GAlVmed CEO, Mr Peter Jeffries looking on. Mr Gates visited GAlVmed to discuss progress in the development of livestock vaccines and medicines for some of the 900 million people who rely on livestock to pay for their daily needs. Accompanied by senior staff from the Gates Foundation, Mr Gates spent two and a half hours in high-level technical discussion with representatives of Photo by Gary Doak, courtesy of GALVmed GAlVmed and its partners, who are international experts in livestock, science, Money raised through livestock and The Gates Foundation is one of the agriculture and market access. The animal products pays for education principal funders of not-for-profit meeting was held in the Moredun Research and healthcare. Animals supply manure GAlVmed. In February 2012, Bill Gates Institute’s premises at the Pentlands and traction to support crop production, announced a further £25 million grant Science Park near Penicuik. In 2013, create employment and provide to support GAlVmed’s work. At the Professor Fitzpatrick completed her tenure business opportunities. The loss of same time, the UK Government’s as a GAlVmed Board Director, during animals through disease devastates Department for International which she was Vice-Chair of the Board. the lives of individuals, families and Development (DFID) announced further support through a £6.2million grant. With its headquarters in Scotland, communities around the world. In circumstances where poverty or the The two grants, totalling £31.2million, are GAlVmed works in over twenty countries, together enabling GAlVmed to implement environment offer no alternatives, chickens, with and through over three hundred phase two of its Protecting livestock, goats, sheep, cattle and pigs mean partners. GAlVmed’s aim is to improve saving human life programme. Phase survival, school, clothing, trade and the the lives of people living in poverty by one was jointly funded by the Gates dignity of choice and self-determination. helping to create sustainable supply Foundation and DFID in 2008 with chains of livestock health products More information at: £14.2 million (80% from the Gates which are affordable to poor people. www.galvmed.org Foundation and 20% from DFID).

Professor John Brown, tenth Astronomer Royal for Scotland unveils two Blue Plaques Professor John Brown (right), the tenth Both astronomers lived in Edinburgh during significant Astronomer Royal for Scotland, will parts of their careers and the Plaques will be placed at unveil Blue Plaques in honour of two their former homes at 1 Hillside Crescent and 21 East long-overlooked astronomers at a Street, respectively. Born in Dundee, Henderson trained ceremony held by the Institute of as a lawyer before pursuing astronomy and mathematics. Physics on 8 October 2014. Henderson analysed calculations to measure the distance Thomas James Henderson FRSE, (1798– to Alpha Centauri, the major component of the nearest 1844) the first Astronomer Royal for star system to Earth. Doubts about the accuracy of his Scotland, won the 1830s version of the instruments delayed him publishing his results and, ‘Space race’ by becoming the first scientist consequently, he is jointly credited with the discovery to measure the distance to a star. with German mathematician Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel. Thomas David Anderson (1853–1932), Anderson, who was born in Edinburgh, studied theology but abandoned plans for a wealthy amateur astronomer, the ministry to pursue astronomy full time. His most significant achievements were discovered two novae (exploding stars). discovering the novae Aurigae (1892) and Persei (1901).

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Professor Jane Hillston receives Professor Hillston and Dr Bortolussi pictured on the RSE Grant for Research Visitor roof terrace of the Informatics Forum, home of the School of Informatics at the University of Edinburgh An award of £600 was given to Professor Jane Hillston, Professor of Quantitative Modelling, School of Informatics, University of Edinburgh, to support a two-week visit by Dr luca Bortolussi (University of Trieste, Italy and University of Saarbrucken, Germany) to the University of Edinburgh to continue his work with Professor Hillston on fluid approaches to model checking. Such approaches allow fully automated analysis of the properties of very large-scale systems with respect to temporal logic properties. This allows the dynamic properties of computer systems to be thoroughly investigated at the design stage. Professor Hillston and Dr Bortolussi were able to extend the current approach to consider properties where rewards associated with particular states or transitions can also be included in the properties, in addition to atomic propositions. They also made progress towards incorporating steady state and global properties through the same approach. They anticipate two publications will be the outcome of this work. Dr Bortolussi gave two seminars whilst in Edinburgh, both of which were well Professor Hillston said, “I always welcome the opportunity attended by a number of researchers from the School of Informatics to work with Dr Bortolussi, who is a rising star in the field across different research groups. He was also able to have of quantitative formal methods and analysis. The benefits, extensive discussions with members of the group of Professor as ever, go beyond the immediate topic of the work to a Vincent Danos, and this is likely to lead to future collaborations. broader sense of inspriation and challenge”.

Grants for Fellows and Members of Young Academy of Scotland We offer our congratulations to our Fellows who The Royal Society of Edinburgh recently have been honoured in the following ways: administers a Grants Fund for the Professor Patricia Connolly, Professor of Bioengineering, University of Strathclyde, award of grants to Fellows and has been elected a Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering (RAEng). young Academy Members in support of research and scholarship. All Fellows Professor John Curtice, Professor of Politics, University of Strathclyde and young Academy Members, other and than those serving on Council and the Professor (Francis) Stephen Halliwell, Professor of Greek, University of St Andrews, Grants Committee, regardless of which have been elected Fellows of the British Academy. organisation they are based in; whether in employment or retired, Professor René de Borst, Regius Professor of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, are eligible to apply. Joint applications John Argyris Visiting Professor (University of Stuttgart), MTS Visiting Professor (between young Academy Members of Geomechanics (Minneapolis), , has been elected a and Fellows) will be considered Member of the European Academy of Science and Arts. favourably where it is possible to make a joint application. The Very Reverend Gilleasbuig Macmillan was invested with the Insignia of Closing dates for applications to the a Knight Commander of the Royal Victorian Order (KVCO) by Her Majesty Grants Committee are the last working The Queen on 3 July. This was on his retiring as Dean of the Order of the Thistle. days in February, May, August and The Very Rev Macmillan was succeeded as Dean of the Order of the Thistle November each year. by The Very Rev Professor FRSE on 1 August. www.royalsoced.org.uk/584_ Professor Jeffrey Webb, Emeritus Professorof Mathematics, University of GrantsforFellows.html Glasgow, was named by Research Institute Thomson Reuters in its 2014 compendium of the world’s most influential scientific minds. Professor Webb was the only Scot amongst 3,200 highly-cited researchers from all over the world.

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Mackintosh Architectural Exhibition A new exhibition, which opened in July 2014 at the Hunterian Art Gallery in Glasgow, offers new insights into the architectural work of Charles Rennie Mackintosh. The opening of the exhibition coincided with the culmination of a four-year research project funded by the Arts & Humanities Research Council, led by experts at the University of Glasgow. The Mackintosh Architecture: Context, Making and Meaning project is the largest study of Mackintosh’s architectural works ever undertaken and has led to a revaluation of this remarkably under-researched area of Mackintosh’s output. The findings from the project have been made available to the public via a new website, launched on 18 July. The resource will not only be of great public interest, but will play a vital role in future conservation and restoration of Mackintosh’s buildings: www.mackintosh-architecture.gla.ac.uk The ‘Mackintosh Architecture’ exhibition at the Hunterian Art Gallery is the first major exhibition to be devoted to Mackintosh’s architectural work, featuring over 80 architectural drawings from the Hunterian and collections across the UK. Many have never been exhibited before and are on display alongside specially-commissioned film, models and rarely seen archival material.

RSE Fellow, Professor Pamela Robertson, (left) Senior Curator, Professor of Mackintosh Studies at the University of Glasgow and Principal Investigator of the project, said: “Today Charles Rennie Mackintosh enjoys a world-wide reputation. He occupied a pivotal point between the Victorian age and the Modern Movement, yet despite this his architecture is remarkably under-researched.” “This project is the most comprehensive survey of Mackintosh’s architectural work to date. The resource we have created will provide both academics and amateurs with a much broader understanding of his achievements as pragmatic professional as well as exceptional artist-designer.” Charles Rennie Mackintosh, Daily Record building, Glasgow: perspective from the south-east, 1901 © The Hunterian, University of Glasgow 2014

The Mackintosh Architecture exhibition at the Hunterian is running from 18 July 2014 until 4 January 2015. The Mackintosh Architecture exhibition will be shown at the RIBA’s london gallery from 18 February until 23 May 2015. Hunterian Art Gallery and The Mackintosh House Hillhead Street, Glasgow Tuesday to Saturday, 10.00am–5.00pm Sundays 11.00am–4.00pm Closed Mondays Telephone 0141 330 4221 The Hill House, Helensburgh: west elevation © Mackintosh Exhibition admission charge £5/£3 Architecture, University of Glasgow, 2014.

6 resource AUTUMN 2014 The RSE Young Academy of Scotland

On 26 August, the RSE young Academy of Scotland (yAS) welcomed its third cohort at an Induction event at the RSE. Joining 113 existing mem- bers, the 43 newly-elected represent a range of sciences from particle physics to volcanology, and include academics from fields as varied as Greek history and global public health. The candidates have also been selected based upon evidence of their interdisciplinary work as well as their commitment to contributing to the public good. Amongst the new members are: • Professor Guy Walker, Associate Professor, Heriot-Watt, who researches human factors of the built environment. • Dr Matthew Smith, Senior lecturer, University of Strathclyde, a researcher and teacher of medical history. His public outreach and engagement work has been recognised by being named AHRC/BBC New Generation Thinker in 2012. The young Academy of Scotland is unique amongst the growing number of worldwide young academies as, like the RSE itself, it also encourages applications for membership outwith academia. This year, yAS is particularly excited to welcome some of Scotland’s most talented young civil servants, entrepreneurs and social innovators. This includes Mhairi Towler, Director and founder of Vivomotion; an award winning science animation production company that creates high-quality 2D and 3D animations to help scientists explain what they do to other scientists, students, the public and investors.

Professor Alan Alexander, General Secretary of the RSE (pictured on extreme right at front of photograph of new members, above), opened proceedings at the Induction saying: The YAS brings together the finest young minds and talents in Scotland and the hardest thing about the selection process is having fewer places than the competition merits... On behalf of the RSE, I congratulate the new members on their appointments and I look forward to working with them and to admiring their progress. RSE President, Sir John Arbuthnott, is pictured Guy Walker, Associate Professor at Mhairi Towler, Director front left. Heriot-Watt University and Founder of Vivomotion

Just two days later, yAS held its AGM at the University of Dundee. The University offered a very warm welcome to yAS, and members were treated to an inspirational opening address from Professor Sue Black. The rest of the morning was dedicated to yAS members getting to know one another by hearing short presentations from new members and partaking in a noisy but fun and enlightening ‘speed dating’ session. The afternoon session was dedicated to working groups and gave many of the new yAS members the opportunity to learn more about and join up to some of yAS’s existing projects. The work that these groups carry out makes up the majority of the young Academy activity and there are a number of exciting projects planned for the year ahead, including: the launch of a competition for school children and university students from yAS’s blog Research the Headlines; the continuation of resources in support of the Curriculum for Excellence; and the running of the First lego league in Scotland, by working group, Computing in Schools.

Dr Matthew Smith, Senior Lecturer For more information about the young Academy and its activities please visit the website: at University of Strathclyde www.youngacademyofscotland.org.uk/ 7 resource AUTUMN 2014

Cormack Vacation Research Lessells Travel Scholarships CRF Personal Research Scholarships Margaret Creed Fellowship in Biomedical Sciences Craig McNeill Institute of Energy Systems, School of Shipra Bhatia School of Mathematics and Statistics, Engineering, University of Edinburgh MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC IGMM, University of St Andrews Visiting:Faculty of Engineering, University of Edinburgh Analysis of Sunspot Rotation on the Simulation Computing and Mathematics, University Decoding the functional relevance of cis- of an Emerging Toroidal Flux Tube of Western Australia, Perth, Australia regulatory variation in human diseases Laura Moran Modelling the Environmental Impact of School of Physics and Astronomy, Tidal Stream Turbines University of St Andrews Jeanette Heiligers CRF European Travel Fellowships Detecting Earth-size Planets Advanced Space Concepts laboratory, – Visits to Europe Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Aneesh Naik Iain Andrew Ferguson Engineering, University of Strathclyde Department of Physics, University of Oxford School of International Relations, Visiting:Colorado Center for Visiting:School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews Astrodynamics Research, Department of University of St Andrews Visiting:Centre for EU–Russia Studies Aerospace Onset of turbulence and inverse cascade (CEURUS), Department of Government Engineering Sciences, University of in the ISM and Politics, University of Tartu, Estonia Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA ‘Sweet Enemies’: The Character of the Anna Mary Rice Solar sailing in the Earth–Moon system School of Physics and Astronomy, EU–Russia Relationship Christopher Lowe University of St Andrews Dina Iordanova Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Equilibrium Chemistry in Extra-Solar Objects Centre for Film Studies, University of University of Strathclyde St Andrews, Scotland Magnus Woods Visiting: Institute for Astronautics, Visiting: SPEAP (Science Po); Jean-Michel School of Physics & Astronomy, Technical University of Munich Frodon/(also Paris Cinema Festival/la Femis University of Glasgow Spacecraft Through-Life System Cinemas of Paris Investigating small X-ray flares outside of Optimisation and Design Solar active regions Katharine Mitchell Emma McIntyre Department of Italian, University of BRE Centre for Fire Safety Engineering, Strathclyde Piazzi Smyth Research University of Edinburgh Visiting: Department of Italian Studies, Visiting:Queen’s University, Kingston, Scholarship (Cormack) University of Bologna, Italy Ontario, Canada Katriona Goldmann Women at the Theatre: Writers as Spectators Fire Performance of Concrete Reinforced School of Physics and Astronomy, in Early Post-Unification Italy (1861–1914) with Fibre Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Bars: University of Edinburgh Large Scale Experimental Study of FRP- Andy Murphy Visiting: School of Physics and Astronomy, Reinforced Bridge Decks at the National School of English, University of St Andrews University of St Andrews Research Council of Canada in collaboration Visiting: School of English/long Room Linking the 3D-shape of bulges with its with Queen’s University, Canada Hub, Trinity College, Dublin dynamics Bringing the Nation to Book: Ireland, Shahid M. Naseer Reading and Cultural Nationalism Division of Biomedical Engineering, Lessells Travel Scholarship UnIversity of Glasgow Costas Panayotakis Visiting:Harvard-MIT Health Sciences & Classics, School of Humanities, David Garcia Cava Technology, Massachusetts Institute of University of Glasgow Department of Mechanical and Technology, Cambridge MA, USA Visiting: Thesaurus Linguae Latinae, Aerospace Engineering, Dynamics of To Study the Growth of Stem Cells for Bayerische Akademie der Advanced Structures and Machinery Tissues Regeneration using Surface Wissenschaften, Munich, Germany Research Group, University of Acoustic Waves and Dielectrophoresis A commentary on the fragments of low Strathclyde farcical drama in the Roman Republic Visiting:Department of Aerospace Marios Theristis Engineering, University of Michigan, Institute of Mechanical, Process & Energy Timothy Peace Ann Arbor MI, USA Engineering, Heriot-Watt University The Alwaleed Centre, University of Edinburgh Development of an automatic online Visiting:Center for Sustainable Energy Visiting:Centre for European Studies, vibration-based health monitoring Systems, Fraunhofer, Albuquerque, USA Sciences Po, Paris, France system for structures made of Outdoor characterisation of concentrating Muslim participation in the 2014 French composites photovoltaic (CPV) systems local elections

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CRF European Travel Fellowships Scottish Enterprise Enterprise STFC and Scottish Enterprise – Visits to Scotland Fellowships co-funded Fellowship Christoph Bläsi Orfeas Boteas Huabi (Helen) Yin Institute for Book Studies, Johannes Edinburgh Technology Transfer Centre Department of Physics, University of Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany (ETTC), University of Edinburgh Strathclyde Visiting:Scottish Centre for the Book, Dehumaniser Commercialisation of high power Institute for Creative Industries, broadband terahertz Gyrotron Travelling Olivia Feng Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh Wave Amplifier (Gyro-TWA) technology Accounting and Finance Department, Rivalling ebook formats and open ebook Adam Smith Business School, University of strategies for Scottish publishers Glasgow STFC Enterprise Fellowship Andrea Caracausi Developing and commercialising an online Department of Historical and Geographic interactive platform (CampusBuddy) to Matthew Murdoch Sciences and the Ancient World, help universities to reach and engage Department of Physics, University of University of Padua, Italy with prospective international applicants liverpool Visiting:School of Humanities, Commercialisation of an anti-neutrino David Hunter University of Glasgow detector for plutonium accounting Edinburgh Technology Transfer Centre Labour conflicts in early modern times: at nuclear reactors (ETTC), University of Edinburgh Italy in a European perspective Shot Scope Technologies Sandro Jung Eirini Komninou BBSRC Enterprise Fellowships Department of literary Studies, Computer and Information Sciences, University of Ghent, Belgium Sarah de Vos University of Strathclyde Visiting:School of Critical Studies, Crop Genetics, John Innes Centre, Automated near-optional Space science Norwich University of Glasgow operations scheduling with the use of heuristics A History of Eighteenth-Century Scottish The New Heritage Barley Company Book Illustration Jamie Kunka George Frodsham Mechanical Engineering and Holger Pfaff Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Mechatronics, University of Dundee IMVR – Institute for Medical Sociology, University College london Lonely Mountain Skis Health Services Research and Rehabilitation Haemofilter for the treatment of malaria Science, University of Cologne, Germany Liita-lyaloo Naukushu Oliver Charles Goodyear Visiting:Health Services Research Unit, Edinburgh Technology Transfer Centre Immunity and Infection, Medical School, University of Aberdeen (ETTC), University of Edinburgh University of Birmingham Leadership, organisational culture, social Reusable Menstrual Hygiene Device for Whole- The commercialisation of a novel “label capital and quality of care in healthcare sale to International Development Agencies free” cell separation organisations Jack Ng Bertalan Pusztai Edinburgh Technology Transfer Centre Department of Communication and Media (ETTC), University of Edinburgh Research Awards Reception Sanitation by easily-applied copper surface Studies, University of Szeged, Hungary Each year, the RSE hosts a Research Visiting:School of Scottish Studies, Silvana Palacios Awards Reception at which the University of Edinburgh School of Textiles and Design, achievements of all of the awardees Festivals, Tourism and Social Change on Heriot-Watt University are announced and celebrated. The European Peripheries Selvancolour® Unique technology for event this year was held on Monday Tiina Suopäjarvi sustainable fashion 1 September and attended by over 100 awardees and their guests. Urban life lab, Department of Computer Muhammad Rohaan Sadiq Science and Engineering, Division of Imaging and Technology Full details of all the awardees and University of Oulu, Finland (DIT), University of Dundee their research titles are available in a Visiting:Business School, University of Active Needle Technology for Safe Programme which can be viewed on- Aberdeen Needle Interventions line at: www.royalsoced.org.uk/cms/ Rhythms of everyday life: temporal and files/research_awards/awardees.pdf spatial performativities of public spaces Abesh Thakur Edinburgh Technology Transfer Centre Photographs from the event are also Borut Telban (ETTC), University of Edinburgh available at: www.royalsoced.org.uk/ Institute of Anthropological and Spatial Real-time 3D audio engine 180_FundingAwards.html Studies, Research Centre of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts, ljubljana Alex Ward The evening also saw the launch Visiting:Department of Social Physics and Astronomy, University of St of an Enterprise Fellowships Anthropology, University of St Andrews Andrews promotional film and new Traversing Ontologies and Epistemologies The commercialisation of a novel piezo- marketing materials. in Anthropological Research electric nanopositioner

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Scottish Government Arts & Humanities Workshops Arts & Humanities Small Grants Genevieve Lennon Clive Walker School of law, Department of law School, Christopher J. Berry FRSE Humanities and Social Science, University of leeds School of Social and Political Sciences, University of Strathclyde University of Glasgow Law and Terrorism The Virtues of a Commercial Society David Cowley Ben Colburn Hugh Lazenby Aerial Survey, Royal Commission on Philosophy, Philosophy, the Ancient and Historical Monuments School of Humanities, School of Humanities, of Scotland University of Glasgow University of Glasgow From ‘spy in the sky’ to material witness: aerial images of conflict in war museums Responsibility and the Welfare State Sir Tom Devine OBE FRSE School of History, Classics and Xavier Guillaume Daniel Kenealy Archaeology, University of Edinburgh School of Social & Political Science School of Social & Political Science The Scottish Factor in the Ceylon Tea and University of Edinburgh University of Edinburgh Coffee Eoncomics in the 19th Century What is an international city? And what does it take to become one? Sally M Foster The future of Edinburgh as an international city Archaeology, School of Geosciences, University of Aberdeen Lisa W. Kelly Katherine Champion ECCLES: pre-Romanesque ecclesiastical Centre for Cultural Policy Research Centre for Cultural Policy Research architecture in Scotland in its European University of Glasgow University of Glasgow context Shaping Scotland’s Talent: Change, Flexibility and New Pathways Anthony Heywood in the Screen Industries History Department, University of Aberdeen Zohar Hadromi-Allouche Áine Larkin Tsarism’s Achilles’ Heel? Russia’s School of Divinity Department of French Railways in World War 1, University of Aberdeen University of Aberdeen July 1914–March 1917 Fall Narratives: An Interdisciplinary Perspective Tomasz Kamusella School of History, Philip Ziegler Michael Mawson University of St Andrews Department of Divinity and Department of Divinity The Atlas of Language Politics in Religious Studies and Religious Studies Modern Central Europe University of Aberdeen University of Aberdeen Murdo Macdonald The Challenge of Bonhoeffer’s Theology for Contemporary Ethics and Public Life Duncan of Jordanstone College of Art and Design, University of Dundee Anthony Lewis Simon Newman C T R Wilson and the Tracks of Glasgowlife Andrew Hook Centre for American Sub-Atomic Particles: An Aesthetic Glasgow Museums Studies, School of Humanities Consideration University of Glasgow How Glasgow Flourished, 1714–1837 Gavin Miller English literature, University of Glasgow DSM-5 and the Future of Psychiatric Callum G Brown FRSE James Loxley Diagnosis: Perspectives from Medical School of Humanities, literatures, languages and Cultures, Humanities University of Glasgow University of Edinburgh Humanism and Civil Society in Modern Scotland’s Collections and the Digital Scotland Humanities Carnegie Caledonian Scholarship Mungo Campbell Jan R. Strenger Ona Kealoha Miller The Hunterian, University of Glasgow Classics Department, University of Glasgow Department of Biology, University of William Hunter Tercentenary Research Gaza: Tradition and Leadership in a St Andrews Project – 2018 Learning City Covalent attachment of bacteria to the host

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Scottish Government Arts & Scottish Government Arts & Humanities Networks Humanities Small Grants Anita Quye Klaus Staubermann Centre for Textile Conservation and Department of Science and Technology Emily Nimmo Technical Art History, History of Art National Museums Scotland Collections, Royal Commission on the University of Glasgow Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland ReCREATE: reconstructing the experimental culture of 19th-Century Securing Scotland’s 3D Digital Heritage Scottish textile manufacture Bernadette O’Rourke Lynn Abrams Marina Moskowitz School of Management and languages, History, School of Humanities College of Arts Heriot-Watt University University of Glasgow University of Glasgow Becoming a ‘new speaker’ of a minority Knitting in the Round: Hand-Knitted Textiles and the Economies of Craft in Scotland language – comparisons between Gaelic, Irish and Galician R. Scott Spurlock Crawford Gribben Geraldine Parsons Theology and Religious Studies School of History and Anthropology Celtic and Gaelic, University of Glasgow University of Glagow Queen’s University, Belfast An edition ofAcallam na Senórach from Scottish Religious Cultures Research Network Oxford, Bodleain Library, Rawlinson B 487 Neil Price Richard Sparks Antony Duff FRSE Archaeology, University of Aberdeen School of law Department of Philosophy Imperial Addictions: Collateral Archaeologies University of Edinburgh University of Stirling of the Opium Trade, 1730–1930 Democracy, Citizenship, and Punishment Johnny Rodger Mackintosh School of Architecture, Glasgow School of Art Scottish Government Scottish Government Personal The Spatial Distribution of Justice in Scotland Arts & Humanities Networks Research Fellowships Katie Stevenson Robert Crawford FRSE Lyubov Chumakova School of History, University of St Andrews School of English, School of Mathematics, The Power of Pedigree: The Stewart Dynasty University of St Andrews University of Edinburgh and the Foundations of Royal Authority Loch Computer Leaky troposphere – improving reduced atmospheric models Zoë Strachan Carole Hough School of Critical Studies, English language, School of Critical Erik Gauger University of Glasgow Studies, University of Glasgow School of Engineering and Physical Out There, a new anthology of LGBT Cognitive Toponymy: People and Sciences, Heriot-Watt University writing from Scotland Places in Synergy Biomimetic energy harvesting with quantum nanostructures Rhian Williams Richard Oram English literature, University of Glasgow History and Politics, Gareth O. Lloyd Parochial Histories: The poetics of University of Stirling Institute of Chemical Sciences, School ecological record-keeping and material Royal Scone: parliament, inauguration of Engineering and Physical Sciences, change, c. 1770–1830 and national symbol Heriot-Watt University Saeko Yazaki The Supramolecular Chemistry of Theology and Religious Studies, Hydroxamic Acid University of Glasgow Nasar Meer Muslim–Jewish–Christian relations: School of Social Work and Social Policy, A. S. Yahuda and his career University of Strathclyde “We're a' Jock Tamson's Bairns” – BP Trust Personal Research To what extent is there a distinctive Henry Dryerre Scholarship Fellowship Scottish approach to race equality? Brianna Vandrey Olof Johansson Mohammed F. Saleh School of Psychology & Neuroscience, School of Chemistry, Institute of Photonics and Quantum University of St Andrews University of Edinburgh Sciences, Heriot-Watt University An investigation of the role of the lateral Photoinduced Ultrafast Magnetisation Novel Nonlinear Phenomena in entorhinal cortex in episodic memory Dynamics in Molecular Materials Microstructured Waveguides 11 resource AUTUMN 2014

The award-winning leadership and development programme for Scotland’s ‘research leaders of the future’ – Scottish Crucible – completed a sixth annual programme earlier this year. Scottish Crucible 2014 brought together 30 highly promising researchers (named below) from different disciplines through an intensive programme run over three months and hosted by the universities of Edinburgh, St Andrews and Glasgow. The aim is to encourage participants to widen the impact of their research through collaborative and interdisciplinary work, and help them The results of this competition were announced at the RSE develop skills, knowledge and connections to maximise their Research Awards Ceremony on 1 September 2014. Eigh capacity for research and knowledge exchange with business, teen of this year’s Crucible Awardees were able to attend the RSE industry, media and the policy community. Reception in September. They are pictured with: Mhari Duncan Scottish Crucible is open to all academic disciplines and a record (seated 2nd from left), Research Events Coordinator, Centre for number of applications was received in 2014. From this very Academic leadership & Development, Heriot-Watt University; competitive applicant pool, the selection panel was able to Professor Alan Miller FRSE, (3rd from left), Deputy Principal create a cohort of talented researchers from the fields of (Research and Knowledge Transfer, Heriot-Watt; Ruth Neiland engineering and physical sciences; biology, ecology and medicine; (4th from left), Head of the Centre for Academic leadership & arts and humanities; and social sciences. Scottish Crucible 2014 Development, Heriot-Watt University; RSE President, Sir John culminated with the award of funding for collaborative projects Arbuthnott MRIA (4th from right); and Professor Steve Beaumont through the Scottish Crucible Interdisciplinary Project Fund. OBE FRSE, (3rd from right), RSE Research Awards Convenor.

Dr Alison Bennett James Hutton Institute Dr Michael Lones Heriot-Watt University Dr Ewan Campbell University of Aberdeen Dr Niall Mackenzie University of Strathclyde Dr Andrea Caporali University of Edinburgh Dr Stephen Mansell Heriot-Watt University Dr Efthalia Chatzisymeon University of Edinburgh Dr Deborah Maxwell Edinburgh College of Art Dr John Connolly University of the West of Scotland Dr Fadhila Mazanderani University of Edinburgh Dr Maggie Cunningham University of Stirling Dr Christopher McCormick University of Strathclyde Dr Stacy DeRuiter University of St Andrews Dr Joanne McEvoy University of Aberdeen Dr Stephan Dombrowski University of Stirling Dr Laura McNamara University of Glasgow Dr Grainne El Mountassir University of Strathclyde Dr Stuart Robertson University of Strathclyde Dr Kathryn Elmer University of Glasgow Dr Benjamin Sachs University of St Andrews Dr Carol Emslie Glasgow Caledonian University Dr Laurie Shedden University of Strathclyde Dr Javier Escudero Rodriguez University of Edinburgh Dr Andrew Stewart University of Glasgow Dr Miguel Garcia-Sancho University of Edinburgh Dr Matthias Trost University of Dundee Dr Suzanne Grant University of Dundee Dr Manousos Valyrakis University of Glasgow Dr Susanne Kean University of Edinburgh Dr Laura Wyness Queen Margaret University Further details of Scottish Crucible are available at: www.hw.ac.uk/scottishcrucible/ or by contacting Scottish Crucible at: [email protected]

Scotland’s Referendum on Independence – 18 September 2014 At the point that this publication is going to press, the result of Scotland’s Referendum on Independence has been announced and, following a very high turnout at the polls, Scotland has chosen to remain part of the United Kingdom. Throughout the campaign period, the RSE has sought to enlighten the debate through a series of special events, led by the UK’s foremost experts and thinkers, which examined the key issues that surround Scotland’s future. Comprehensive reports from each event were then brought together in a book, Enlightening the Constitutional Debate.3,500 copies of these free books were printed and distributed, and the book was also made available as a pdf and an e.book. 7,000 copies have been viewed online since April. In all this time, the RSE has maintained its impartial position and sought only to inform the debate with factual comment and evidence. It is our intention now to maintain this position and to continue to encourage the sharing of evidence-based information on all matters relating to the future of Scotland and the UK. The President of the RSE has sent letters to the First Minister at Holyrood and to the Prime Minister at Westminster and these can be viewed online at: www.royalsoced.org.uk/news/news.php?id=245

12 resource AUTUMN 2014

Alongside more traditional methods of dissemination, two RSE Scottish Government-funded Research Fellows are using online blogs to communicate their research and engage with wider audiences.

Dr John Stevenson is on a five-year RSE/Scottish Government Personal Research Fellowship co-funded by Marie Curie Actions. His research focuses on the types of volcanic eruption that can result in ash from Icelandic volcanoes being deposited in Scotland and across Northern Europe. He started blogging at the start of his Fellowship in 2010, not long after Iceland’s Eyjafjallajökull volcano caused major flight disruption in the UK; his most recent entries discuss the real threats of the latest Icelandic volcano eruption to hit the headlines, Bárðarbunga. Through his blog, John also shares his results, gives an insight into researcher life in the field and discusses aspects of volcanology in general: http://all-geo.org/volcan01010/

Bárðarbunga – waiting and watching the highland areas to the north of Posted on August 20, 2014 Bárðarbunga. If an eruption happens by John A. Stevenson beneath the glacier, then it is likely The word on the street in Reykjavík that a flood will travel in this direction and could destroy the roads. In I’m in Reykjavík this week on technology-loving Iceland, you can fieldwork. People here have been still get a mobile phone signal in this following developments at Bárðarbunga remote region, so they identified all since the earthquakes began on Saturday. the phones in the area and sent them The word on the street is ‘wait and see’. It is using the same radar that brought SMS messages to let them know that you the famous ‘Scream’ image of The story is on the radio and in the the region was closed. papers, but it remains the same: lots of Eyjafjallajökull. If an eruption begins This afternoon (Wednesday), the earthquakes, some quite large, but no beneath ice, a depression will form on Coastguard plane is flying over the sign of them moving towards the surface. the surface of the glacier as it melts at region to map the glacier. This will be a the base. I expect that they will release The Civil Protection Agency have evacuated reference to make it easier to see changes. results from this later......

Dr Claire Cousins, also an RSE Scottish Government Personal Research Fellow co-funded by Marie Curie Actions, is an astrobiologist at the University of Edinburgh. Her postdoctoral research investigates whether and how life could inhabit Mars. In her blog, she provides a fascinating (photographic and written) account of her recent fieldwork trips to Iceland, her training adventures and the outreach short films on science research that she has made or in which she’s been involved: http://clairecousins.wordpress.com/. Mars analogue adventures in Iceland 2014 Posted on August 14, 2014 by Claire Cousins Landing into Keflavik airport has become a familiar sight, as the vast flat expanse of moss-covered lava flows stretches out into a horizon of cold grey clouds as we approach and fire’, and the geothermal environments at the summit of Kverkfjőll the runway. This is my ninth trip to Iceland, epitomise this name. Here, scattered clusters of small fumaroles – which vent and for this trip we are sampling from various sites in the northeast – some old, some new. hot volcanic gas – interact with overlying ice and snow to produce localised and Our key target as always is Kverkfjőll – a short-lived pools of geothermal meltwater, which provide a haven for microbes dormant volcanic caldera that peeks out from within an otherwise remote and frozen environment. These environments provide a the northern margin of Vatnajőkull ice cap. fascinating analogue to hydrothermal environments on early Mars. Until we get Iceland is often referred to as ‘the land of ice there however, there are a few other places to stop off at and explore first .... 13 resource AUTUMN 2014 Beyond the RSE

FRIENDS OF THE SOCIETY CORPORATE PARTNERS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF EDINBURGH

If you would like to know more about the Royal Society of Edinburgh’s Friends of the Society initiative, or if your organisation may be interested in joining the scheme, please contact: Nicole Harrington, Development Officer – 0131 240 2785 – [email protected]

Vision for science and mathematics education THE ROYAL SOCIETY The Royal Society has published its Vision for science and mathematics education, a report that sets out proposals for a broad and balanced curriculum where young people study science and mathematics up to the age of 18, alongside arts, humanities and social sciences. The report is a product of a major programme of work over the past two years, led by a committee with a wide span of expertise chaired by Sir Martin Taylor FRS. The Royal Society has worked closely with teachers and experts from the science, mathematics and education communities during the development of the Vision, and presented information about the recommendations to the Royal Society of Edinburgh’s Education Committee in May. The Vision will also be discussed at the liberal Democrat Party Conference in Glasgow in early October 2014. The Royal Society will be working with the RSE to explore how best the principles of their Vision can be implemented within the independent Scottish system of education.

Read more at: https://royalsociety.org/education/policy/vision/

14 resource AUTUMN 2014 IAESTE: the International Association for the Exchange of Students for Technical Experience BRITISH COUNCIL

British Council was delighted to host a welcome reception at the RSE for IAESTE trainees working in Scotland this summer. The event brought together trainees from over 30 countries word-wide, along with their employers, and university representatives and their dedicated committees of student volunteers.

Alan Frew (above right), Director at Glasgow-based global engineering and environmental consultancy URS, had very positive words on how IAESTE has given his team an advantage in working on a large project in Sweden. His Swedish trainee, Hugo Nilsson (above left), also had good things to say about his experience of Scotland, both professionally and culturally. “IAESTE provides URS with an opportunity to make use of unique skills which may be less readily available in UK-based students,” says Alan Frew. “It is the nature of good business to always suspect that there is a catch, but in IAESTE there is no catch. It’s a good thing to do for your company and for The trainees will be working with employers and university a student. I am a convert.” departments across Scotland, gaining paid practical work experience related to their studies, whilst also helping to internationalise the workforce and raise cultural awareness. IAESTE is reciprocal, so for every trainee hosted in Scotland, a Scottish student secures a placement overseas. Two of the IAESTE employers were on hand to share their experiences of hosting an international trainee.

Carol Sharp from D&G Precision (below right), a small family-run engineering firm in Glasgow, talked about their experience of the programme, and how their Jordanian trainee, Malak Al Hroot (below left), has helped to implement an IT project, solving technical software problems.

About the programme: IAESTE is a global internship scheme, aimed at students of science, technology, engineering and applied arts subjects. Since its launch over 66 years ago, IAESTE has helped 300,000 students to gain valuable international work experience in over 80 partner countries. IAESTE in the UK is managed by the British Council, with support in Scotland from Scottish Government. For information on hosting an international trainee, or for students looking to go abroad on placement see: www.britishcouncil.org/iaeste or contact: [email protected]

15 resource AUTUMN 2014 Celebrating Great Minds

On Saturday 28 June 2014, Professor Sir Thomas Kibble CBE received a Royal Medal of the Royal Society of Edinburgh from RSE President, Sir John Arbuthnott, at the University of Edinburgh School of Physics Graduation Ceremony in the elegant McEwan Hall (photo right by Douglas Robertson). At the same ceremony one of our most distinguished Fellows, Professor Peter Higgs CH, received the Freedom of the City of Edinburgh. The RSE marked this notable occasion with a lunch at its historic premises on George Street for Sir Tom, Peter and a number of other VIP guests from the world of particle physics. The attendees included Professor Baron François Englert, who shared the 2013 Nobel Prize in Physics with Professor Higgs, and the Director-General of the CERN laboratory, Professor Rolf-Dieter Heuer. Professor Heuer and Professor Englert received Honorary Degrees at the same ceremony. The lunch was preceded by a fascinating talk from Professor Heuer entitled The Future of Particle Physics and CERN (right) which covered the current work at the facility in Geneva and the latest findings from the large Hadron Collider. A number of photographs were taken, both at the lunch and at the ceremony, to commemorate this significant gathering.

(l-r) Sir John and Sir Tom are pictured with RSE Vice-President, Professor Tariq Durrani OBE, who read the Royal Medal Citation. Photo by Douglas Robertson.

Professors Higgs and Englert were jointly awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2013. Photo by Gareth Easton Photography

Professors Heuer, Englert, Higgs and Kibble pictured with the President in front of the James Clerk Maxwell statue on George Street, Edinburgh

(l-r) Professors Kibble, Englert, Heuer and Higgs pictured in the RSE’s James Clerk Maxwell Room. Gareth Easton Photography

COPy ADDRESS INFORMATION Please send any copy to the Editor (Jenny liddell) 22–26 GEORGE STREET website: www.royalsoced.org.uk at the Society – [email protected] EDINBURGH, SCOTlAND www.rsescotlandfoundation.org.uk ReSourcE: ISSN No 1473-7841 EH2 2PQ e-mail: [email protected] The Royal Society of Edinburgh, Scotland’s National Academy, is Scottish Charity No. SC000470 Tel: 0131 240 5000 The RSE Scotland Foundation is a connected charity, registered in Scotland as Scottish Charity No. SC024636 Fax: 0131 240 5024 The RSE Scotland SCIO is a connected charity, registered in Scotland as Scottish Charity No. SC043194 Events ticketline: 0131 240 2780