ElJOHN Capitan PHILIP SOUSA

THE OHIO LIGHT OPERA

STEVEN BYESS Conductor STEVEN DAIGLE Artistic Director El Capitan Music...... John Philip Sousa PROGRAM NOTES ...... Michael D. Miller Lyrics...... Thomas Frost, John Philip Sousa The lure of the operetta Book...... Charles Klein stage proved as irresistible to Ohio Light Opera America’s “March King,” Artistic Director...... Steven Daigle John Philip Sousa, as it had a Conductor...... Steven Byess decade earlier to Vienna’s Stage Director...... Jacob George Allen “Waltz King,” Johann Sound Designer...... Brian Rudell Strauss. Born in Washington Choreographer...... Carol Hageman D.C., Sousa (1854-1932) Costume Designer...... Charlene Alexis Gross gained musical experience as Scenic Designer...... Kimberly Cox a teenaged violinist, not only Lighting Designer...... Paul R. Bourne in symphony orchestras, but Production Stage Manager...... Jennifer K. Burns also at Ford’s Theatre and the Washington Theatre CAST: Comique. In June 1876, John Philip Sousa Don Medigua (“El Capitan”).....Nicholas Wuehrmann Sousa travelled to Philadelphia and played under the Princess...... Alta Dantzler baton of Jacques Offenbach, who was visiting America Isabel...... Nancy María Balach as part of the nation’s centennial celebration. And some Verrada...... Kyle Knapp two years before the unprecedented success of Gilbert Estrelda...... Tania Mandzy and Sullivan’s H.M.S. Pinafore on Broadway in 1879 Scaramba...... Cory Clines provided the impetus for the development of an Amer- Cazarro...... David Kelleher-Flight ican operetta tradition, Sousa had begun the search for Pozzo...... Anthony Maida a librettist with whom he could collaborate on his own Nevado...... Ezra Bershatsky first full-length stage work. ENSEMBLE: On September 18, 1879, Sousa was issued a copy- Chelsea Basler, Ezra Bershatsky, Lori Birrer, John right for Katherine, an “opera in three acts,” with Callison, Malia French, Karla Hughes, Geoffrey libretto by Wilson J. Vance. It was never performed and Kannenberg, Jacqueline Komos, Sarah Levering, only fragments survive. By that time, however, he had Caroline Bassett Miller, Gary Moss, Max Nolin, Will also provided orchestrations for Gilbert and Sullivan’s Perkins, Erin Schmura, Michael Davis Smith, Mark The Sorcerer and H.M.S. Pinafore, the latter eliciting Snyder, Raina Thorne, Allison Toth. admiration from Sullivan, who saw this version during ❦ 2 ❦ evolution of American operetta. Two years later, his next operetta, Desirée, played Washington and Philadelphia for more than a month and marked the musical stage debut of comedian De Wolf Hopper who, a dozen years later, created the title role in Sousa’s El Capitan and who counted among his six wives future columnist Hed- da Hopper and Broadway star Lulu Glaser. After another disappointment with the three-performance run of The Queen of Hearts, whose large cast required an actor for each member of a deck of cards, Sousa turned his primary attentions away from the stage and focussed on writing marches and directing the Marine Band. His creative impulses De Wolf Hopper (1858-1935) eventually got the better of him his visit to New York City to over- and, taking up a suggestion by De Wolf Hopper to examine a libretto The Ohio Light Opera’s Nicholas see the world premiere of The Wuehrmann as Sousa’s El Capitan Pirates of Penzance. written by Charles Klein, agreed After an aborted 1881 operetta to write the music and serve as co- man, “to be the most enduring titled Florine, Sousa finally reached lyricist (with Thomas Frost) for American comic opera of the the stage in 1882 with The Smug- El Capitan. nineteeth century.” It premiered at glers, whose libretto was based on With the declining popularity the Tremont Theatre in Boston on Sullivan’s comic opera The Con- of Reginald DeKoven’s 1890 Robin April 13, 1896, transfered to trabandista. The work opened in Hood—attributable to the all-but- Manhattan’s Broadway Theatre Washington, played Philadelphia disappeance of its hit song, “Oh, seven days later, and for the next and Lancaster, PA, and then it promise me,” from weddings— four years played continuously folded—a financial disaster, but El Capitan can lay claim, according across the U.S. and Canada and artistically a positive step in the to musical historian Gerald Bord- for five months in London. ❦ 3 ❦ PLOT SYNOPSIS his wife, the Princess and daughter Spain have landed on Peruvian ACT I: Since his arrival from Spain, Isabel are kept in the dark about soil. El Capitan exhorts them all. the newly-appointed viceroy of his scheme. Isabel and her betrothed, Peru, Don Medigua, has main- “El Capitan” (the now- Verrada, meet, hoping to escape tained a low profile in order to disguised Medigua) arrives, to the imprisonment. Meanwhile El thwart a rebellion by followers of delight of the Peruvian populace Capitan has been leading his the deposed viceroy, Don Cazarro. and, in particular, Don Cazarro’s forces in exhaustive manoeuvers, No one outside of his immediate own daughter, Estrelda, and to the followed by bouts of drinking. court has ever seen his face. chagrin of Cazarro’s lieutenant, Cannons are heard—the Spanish The rebel forces have engaged Don Scaramba, her fiancé. forces have arrived and they rout the services of a famed Spanish the Insurgents. Before El Capitan mercenary, El Capitan. The foppish ACT II: The Viceroy’s palace has can disappear and “become” Don Medigua, however, knows that the fallen to the Insurgents, Pozzo, Medigua again, Estrelda exposes Capitan has been killed in a brawl mistaken for Medigua, is arrested. him. But all somehow ends hap- en route from Spain. Not known to El Capitan is celebrated as a hero pily—Don Medigua asks the the Peruvian populace, he decides and Cazarro offers him his daugh- Spanish general for clemency for to impersonate the mercenary ter’s hand. Although attracted, the the Insurgents. Estrelda and Scar- himself, to guarantee his safety disguised Medigua does love his amba are reunited, as are Isabel from Cazarro and the Insurgents. own wife and resists Estrelda. and Verrada and, in the end, the He sets up his own chamberlain, News suddenly arrives that relieved Don Medigua and his Pozzo, as “Don Medigua.” Even reinforcements from the King of wife the Princess.

FROM THE ARTISTIC DIRECTOR For more than 30 years little of everything: a well-known Wooster, its community and The Ohio Light Opera has been and lesser-known Gilbert and nearly 500,000 patrons who dedicated to producing, promo- Sullivan, a Viennese operetta, a have championed the company's ting and preserving the best of French operetta, an American dedication to operetta have given the traditional operetta reper- operetta and a revival of a long- OLO a reputation that reaches toire. In any summer season, forgotten work that is given a internationally. In no small way, 20,000 patrons come to hear much-deserved rebirth for an Albany Records has added to the and see more than sixty perfor- appreciative audience. This CD company’s success. The company mances of seven productions on set will hopefully give the oper- and the operetta art form are the beautiful campus of The Col- etta aficionado a taste of what indebted to John Ostendorf and lege of Wooster in Ohio. These makes this company unique. Albany for their commitment. shows offer the operetta fan a The support of the College of Steven Daigle ❦ 4 ❦ Princess El Capitan This barbarous land uncouth In which our fortune is placed PRELUDE CD ONE, TRACK 1 Can ravish no eye of taste, Act One, SCENE TRACK 2 Nor charm the bosom of youth. The Viceroy’s palace in Peru. All (echoing her words) Castilian Nobles Nor charm... Nobles of Castilian birth, Princess, then All The proudest ancestry on earth, But in our exclusive set, Our golden goblets here we drain We breathe the air of Spain, Of rarest wine of royal Spain. As we hear the sweet refrain And so we sit, Of the rollicking castanet. While joyous minutes pass away, To the castanet’s sound let us trip... With cards and wine. Joy let us sip... Yes... Our life’s divine Isabel, then All And pleasure has full sway. Ah, beautiful land of Spain, Thieving, sleeving, each deceiving My heart is ever with thee. With Castilian grace. In visions, I cross the sea, The Princess (Alta Dantzler) There’s not a game that gamblers use And know thy pleasures again. From the sweet, pellucid fountains, The innocents to rifle And never shall I forget That her valleys course along, With which we do not trifle. Where the brave, the courtly dwell, From the eagle, boldly soaring We’re down to every dodge and ruse While living ‘neath the spell In the azure overhead, Our consciences to stifle, Of the rollicking castanet. All regretting, all deploring When we win or when we lose. To the castanet’s sound... There’s not... Nobles of Castilian... That our liberty is dead. Princess (enters with her daughter) Verrada (enters suddenly) From the mountians, the fountains, His Excellency begs you to excuse him. Your Highness, let this frolic ended be. From the eagle overhead, He’s very busy and he’s rather blue. His Excellency I at once must see. Boldly soaring, comes deploring All Princess (haughtily) That their liberty is dead... He’s always blue. Peruvian manners take us unawares. Verrada, All Isabel The Viceroy is engaged on State affairs. From the mountains... He fears that his new subjects Verrada Our goblets let us drain May accuse him Rebellious cries a dozen plazas fill. To both Peru and Spain. Drink! Of taking life too easy in Peru. Cazarro claims that he is viceroy still. Drink to Peru and to Spain. Courtiers From Peru’s majestic mountains Nobles of Castilian birth... We don’t. Some do. Echoes an unhappy song. (General rejoicing) ❦ 5 ❦ DIALOGUE TRACK 3 Scaramba Princess Princess Nevado, you are too soft. El Capitan But you’re getting him! Pozzo, Not again! The Peruvian peasants won’t be so gentle when he arrives. dispose of them. have arisen again? Princess Pozzo Isabel El Capitan? Pozzo, tell our husband Princess, I’d gladly die for you, but Alas, it’s true, Mama. that these creatures crave an audience. Don Medigua has instructed me to Princess Scaramba avoid violence. We told your father he ought to show If El Capitan were here, the whole Scaramba his face occasionally. His refusal to place would have been blown up Violence? I’ll show you violence!! make public appearances is nothing long ago! Nevado but political ineptitude. Princess (alarmed at this) Scaramba! Let us inform Don Cazarro Verrada Pozzo, hurry! We order you. that we’ve been defied. I too warned Don Medigua, Princess. Pozzo (aside, going) Pozzo He has denied himself to his public... How lovely she is when she’s angry. No, no...not defied. “Referred to a Princess Isabel committee.” (aside) The military have It’s all that Señor Pozzo’s fault! Mama, who is that man of whom deserted us, Princess. We are Why, yesterday, we had to ask Pozzo’s they speak? powerless. permission to see our own husband. Princess Princess Villain! Pozzo is to blame for every- Every heart thuds, every hand trembles Coward! You...”gentlemen...” tell thing—the discontent of the natives, in terror at the name: El Capitan, hero Don Cazarro that he will be our the state of the budget, even the of the Barcelona Massacre, a man so prisoner before sunset! insurrection. What will the King of bloodthirsty, he deals in slaughter... Scaramba (laughing as he departs) Spain say? wholesale! Excuse us if we don’t stay for dinner. Pozzo (enters noisily, with Scaramba Isabel We will leave you to El Capitan, and Nevado) Madame, these gen- Oh, why did we ever leave Madrid? who will make a mouthful of you... tlemen insist on an audience with And this is the man who would fight Pozzo (aside, stage whisper) Don Medigua! (aside) How beautiful Papa? Your Excellency... Psst... Don Medi- the Princess is, how majestic! Princess gua! The coast is clear! Princess He has already landed, rumor has it. Pozzo, who are these...creatures? Pozzo (returning) CHORUS TRACK 4 Nevado Gentlemen, the Viceroy begs you to All (reassembling) Dear Madame, we come from our excuse him and accept me in his Don Medigua, all for thy coming wait. leader Don Cazarro, the rightful place. Now, if you’ll just hand me Gladly greet our leader, Viceroy, with a message demanding your petition, I’ll... For our courage is weak. the resignation of Don Medigua as Scaramba Hail the Viceroy. viceroy. We want him! He shall uphold the state. ❦ 6 ❦ He must uphold us also, Perhaps a trifle more, Highway and I suggest we all take it. For we shake when the natives speak. Are bossing jobs they have no bent Princess Princess, Isabel Or earthly fitness for. Quivering jellies! His stern design you soon shall know. A rumpus goes against my grain. Don M. He’s bold and clever, ready ever I’m just as mild as mild can be. Yes, my dear. Pozzo, escort the For his King to strike a blow. And that is why the King of Spain “jellies” as far as the gate. From duty never can he sever. To represent him hit on me. Verrada (steps forward) All Tra-la-la-la... (All are amused by this Don Medigua, before we are Don Medigua... and join in with him.) surrounded, your daughter and I... Don Medigua (timidly peeps out) With application most intense, Don M. Psst! Pozzo! Are Cazarro’s ruffians I study not to give offense. Well, Señor Verrada? quite gone? I’ve had decided views of life Verrada Pozzo Since I was duly nursed, We wish to have your blessing. Yes! And so has my devoted wife, Don M. Don M. (emboldened) The very same... reversed. Oh, well, we’ll all need that in these Good. Then let them beware how they When I say no and she says yes, next difficult hours. beard the lion in his den! My inward comments may be strong, Verrada If you examine humankind But outwardly, well, I confess No, I mean... your blessing. I wish the I’m almost certain you will find That I am clearly in the wrong. hand of your daughter. That fully ninety-nine percent, Tra-la-la.... Don M. At a time like this?? At a time like DIALOGUE TRACK 5 this even the finger of a child of mine Don Medigua (as all laugh) would cause you more trouble than My friends, I fear the worst: our hum- you know!! ble palace will soon be under siege. Isabel Princess Papa, Verrada loves me. He’s asking Then we shall defend it with our life. for my hand in marriage. They can but kill us. Don M. Don M. His sense of timing is less than perfect. That’s where I draw the line. There is a crisis, Verrada. The palace Isabel will be under siege. I’m not afraid, Papa. Isabel Don M. Better to die with our love sanctified. Neither am I. Matter of fact, I enjoy the Verrada excitement. On the other hand... the I shall defend her with my life, Don Don Medigua (Nicholas Wuehrmann) road ouside leads to the Lima-Tomba Medigua. ❦ 7 ❦ Princess Don M. Pozzo Oh, noble young man. Which accounts for my continuing I?... Don M. good health. (Pozzo returns.) Ah, Don M. No, no, no! I’ve never heard of faithful Pozzo, you be firm with these Well, it won’t be I. Gentlemen, I’ve a anything so foolish. Now give me her Insurgents and I’ll promise you the scheme. Swear you will not betray me hand back, like a sensible fellow. And grandest state funeral available in if I bare my soul? let us think of a way to escape. this barbarian state. Meanwhile, my Verrada and Pozzo (underwhelmed) Isabel duty is clear. We swear! Papa!! Alas, dear Verrada! Princess (misunderstanding) Don M. Verrada Oh, noble husband. So, you plan to Well, then. In order to preserve my I shall love you until I die. But, sweet- meet Don Cazarro on the battlefield! incognito—not to mention my life— est Isabel, what hope have we left? Don M. I intend to become a follower of Don Isabel No. I plan to let Pozzo share in my Cazarro! Don’t despair! True lovers never glory. He may meet Don Cazarro first. Verrada abandon hope. (aside, whispering to Pozzo You? Verrada) And besides, when Papa is But... Don M. removed as Viceroy, I’ll no longer be Princess I shall breathe insurrection at every above you! Don Medigua, this sudden weakness step. Rebellion will ooze from my Don M. ill becomes you... every pore... or at least Don Cazarro Children, enough mooning about. Don M. will think so! Before I left Spain, I We must turn to practical matters. That’s it! I’m ill. Weak... in the knees. found out Don Cazarro wanted Like life expectancy! Princess (stomps off) to regain the viceroyship. Princess Then you have forfeited all claim to Gentlemen, have you ever heard of... Ha! And you call yourself the husband our further consideration. Come, El Capitan? of a Princess of the blood royal. Ha! daughter. Come, my dear! Jellies! Verrada Viceroy of Peru! Don M. (sourly) He’s violent. The most violent and Don M. That woman’s ambition will erect a bloodthirsty man alive. I abdicate. monument over me yet. Don M. Isabel Verrada ...or dead. But Papa, the Insurgents will try to You realize, sir, that both the senate Verrada (amazed) kill you. and the native military are supporting El Capitan is dead? Don M. Don Cazarro? Don M. How can they? They’ve never seen me. Don M. On the way over from Spain, one of Verrada Yes, alas. Poor Pozzo, you’re in for a my men was killed in a brawl. His True. Not one Peruvian has gotten pack of trouble! papers proved that he was none past Pozzo! other than... ❦ 8 ❦ Pozzo, Verrada (together) ENSEMBLE TRACK 6 ...El Capitan? Don M. Don M. What’s that? Voices. Many voices! Yes!! I need not tell you that I read his Verrada funeral services myself and dropped There are the Insurgents... In the him overboard like a hot potato! square! Pozzo Don Medigua But, Scaramba said El Capitan has Put up your sword, brave Verrada. already landed and is on the way Instead of taking on the entire here... Insurgent army, take care of my wife Don M. and daughter. And you, Pozzo, tell that I spread that rumor myself. And “El rabble they offend me. But avoid force Estrelda (Tania Mandzy) and her Capitan” shall not disappoint his fans. while you still have a breath in your Insurgent friends He is dead...but I am not. I shall join body! (Voices grow nearer.) Well, I the Insurgents as El Capitan myself. certainly won’t stand around and be Onward ‘til the battle’s won His reputation is enormous... and it’s insulted. (Estrelda and the Insurgents For your country and its glory. all my own invention! rush in as Medigua and his retinue All Verrada hurry off. Insurgents pour in.) Onward... And if you’re recognized? Estrelda Estrelda Don M. When we hear the call to battle... When the gallant fight is o’er, How?? I’m, the most anonymous Insurgents Success will be our great reward. viceroy in Peruvian history. They’ll Rat-a-tat... And liberty from shore to shore, recognize that, not me. Estrelda, All Gives rest unto the tired sword. Pozzo We commence our drums to rattle, Unto his fancy oft will come That? (gasps) Me, your Excellency? For when the bugles blare The blare of trumpet, rolling drum. Don M. And the arrows cleave the air, Ta-ta-ra... Ra-ta-ta.... If the Insurgents win, then I’ll remain We’re impatient to be there. Rat-a-tat! Onward... (All join her.) El Capitan. But if they lose, then as When the soldier’s hopes are low Don Cazarro (steps forward) Viceroy, I’ll hang ‘em all! And victory in the balance lies, In freedom’s fight, Verrada He hears the drum and feels the glow Let heart and arm be strong. Incredible! Of valor to his temples rise. Our cause the Right, Don M. (runs over to one side) What to the soldier doth it say, Our enemy’s the Wrong! Meanwhile, I’ve sent a message to That drum voice from the distant fray? All General Herbana, the head of the Rrrr... Rrrr.... (All join her.) Yes, they are wrong! Spanish forces, asking for aid. (Hears Onward, patriotic son! Estrelda, All voices.) Onward ‘til the foe’s undone, The little fife’s defiance, ❦ 9 ❦ Of confidence the science, Don Cazarro (to Isabel) Should give to all reliance Young woman, be gone! (She And may they never yield.. leaves tearfully.) Onward... Ta-ta-ra... Scaramba (enters excited) Don Cazarro, I tell you it’s he! The DIALOGUE TRACK 7 one and only he! Don Cazarro Cazarro (sourly) Scaramba, give me the warrant for The one and only who? Don Medigua’s arrest. Scaramba (looking off) Estrelda Here he comes. Hurrah for El Capitan! Father, won’t you wait until the noble El Capitan arrives? SCENE TRACK 9 Cazarro All (nervously cheering) The “noble” El Capitan is evidently Lo, the awful man approaches not coming. In rebellion’s art to coach us. Estrelda (aside, anxiously) On his hand a falchion flashes. If something has happened to El How his angry teeth he gnashes. Capitan... Isabel (Nancy María Balach) pleads for her father’s safety. So, bending low, we greet the hero, Cazarro Caesar rolled in one with Nero. SONG TRACK 8 My friends, everything must be strictly Don Medigua (as “El Capitan”) Isabel (to Don Cazarro) legal. We shall now legally and lawfully Your praise my heart so touches, Oh, spare a daughter’s aching heart remove Don Medigua, legally and For words I almost fail. Wounded, sore. lawfully try him and hang him! (aside) If I had ‘em in my clutches Let not my sunny hours depart Princess (enters with Isabel) I’d land them all in jail. For evermore. What is the meaning of all of this? (aloud) Pardon, I pray, this flutter, Bid sorrow lay her heavy load Cazarro But for your cause I’d die. On me not. Princess, where is Don Medigua? (aside) Every word I utter And treat this trembling bosom now Isabel Is a double-barrelled lie! Or ere forgot. My father... All So much I need a father’s care, Princess (storms off again) Bending low... Few my years, Hush child! Do not mix with the Don M. (growls fiercely) For all the world is but a snare natives... Hush...! You see in me, my friends, Fraught with tears. Those cruel looks Isabel (remains) A man of consumate bravery. Let maiden woe melt away, But Mama... My inmost nature tends And bid this trembling bosom know Princess To free the world from all slavery. Hope’s brightest ray... (All join in.) Hush! This thought then cherish: ❦ 10 ❦ DIALOGUE TRACK 10 Scaramba Estrelda (kneels at “El Capitan’s” feet) Capitan, I love her. One brave man Noble warrior! should respect the rights of another. Don M. If you want her, you must fight me... Rise, gentle maiden (aside, in his own Don M. “voice”) What a toothsome Peruvian No, no! I respect your rights. You take pudding she’d make... if I weren’t her. I insist. married. Cazarro (has not heard this) Estrelda Congratulations, Capitan. You are I have long cherished this blissful loved by Peru’s fairest flower—my moment of ours... daughter. Don M. Don M. And I thought we’d just met. But... while Don Medigua lives, there Estrelda is no time for love! True! But I’ve seen you in my dreams. Cazarro And now that you’re here, we’ll Then yours shall be the honor of Don Medigua arrives, as “El Capitan.” never, never part! killing him. Don M. (aside) Don M. Though you perish, A steaming pudding! (aloud) Tell me, Inspired! (aside) And if anyone can Crush out Spanish knavery. my dear, just what is it about me... do it, I can. To arms... For liberty! Estrelda (eagerly) Cazarro All The stories of your valor. The history And for your reward, my daughter’s To arms... of your Hundred Battles. hand... Don M., then All Don M. Scaramba Behold El Capitan! Never mind the details! (aside) I know Over my dead body... or yours. Gaze on his misanthropic stare, the details: I invented them myself. Don M. Notice his penetrating glare. Cazarro Oh, I ask no reward. Temper! temper, Come match him if you can. Look, Scaramba, they’re made for Señor Scaramba! He is the champion beyond compare... each other! Scaramba This campaign leave to me, Scaramba Bah! And have no further anxiety. Never! Señorita Estrelda, the Capitan Don M. I’ll rid this land, you’ll see, is weary and would rest. Bah? Of Don Medigua’s society. Estrelda (sourly) Scaramba And when I meet him, I shall greet him Oh, Scaramba, I forgot you were here! Bah! Bah! Bah! Without much propriety. To arms... (eagerly) Capitan, let me bring some Don M. Behold... (All cheer wildly.) wine... (She leaves.) Well, since you put it that way... ❦ 11 ❦ FINALE TRACK 11 Is love... and love’s devotion. Is that man of might tremendous. Scaramba All Quickly as the lighning flashes Bah! Bah! Do you hear me say bah...! Rash is the man... Bah... At our hated foe he dashes. All (They are interrupted by the cries of Gag him to prevent his lying, How dare he say Bah! Bah! Pozzo being dragged in.) Perhaps it’s His identity denying. He’ll go a step too far. Don Medigua they have found. On the scaffold he may chatter Then he’ll be sorry for his Bah! Bah! Don M. (aside) When denial does not matter. How very indiscreet More trouble yet awaits me, The little fife’s defiance... Onward... The insult to repeat. I’ll be bound! (Pozzo is dragged off, as all He’ll pay most dearly for his Bah! Bah! Pozzo celebrate El Capitan.) Don M., then All I’m not the right one. Really, I’m not! I END ACT I / END CD ONE Scaramba, my young friend, humbly assure you that Don Medigua Your calm attention lend: is responsible, not I... I’m here to fight and not to spoon. Don M. (aside) ACT II Estrelda (has returned) There goes the last button. Pop! INTRODUCTION CD TWO, TRACK 1 Yet when the fighting’s done, Cazarro (to Pozzo) Scaramba (marches in, leading a few From love he will not run, Where is Don Medigua? weary Insurgents) Fall in! Attention! But seek it ‘neath the smiling moon. Don M. (aside) Count fours—one, two... Scaramba It’s my life or his. And I think it’s his. Your chest throw out I’ll see that he knuckles (to the Insurgents) Gag him at once! In a marked degree, Right down to his work. Pozzo (recognizing Don Medigua) Your arms extend to form a “V” All I am saved! Your Excellency will not Then bend your body, He’s jealous of Capitan’s merited fame. permit... (Pozzo is gagged.) But not your knee Don M. Cazarro (to Don Medigua) To be a perfect soldier. He seems to imagine my duty I’ll shirk. Who is this fellow? Soldiers All Don M. (aloud, to Pozzo) Your chest throw out... Bold rival to question In the name of the People of Peru and Drummer Boys El Capitan’s claim. Bah! their chosen leader, Don Cazarro, I A sailor’s life may be romantic He’s saying... Bah... arrest you, Don Medigua, for violating When rolling over the broad Atlantic, Estrelda the constitution. A soldier’s life a fraud gigantic Rash is the man who would Cazarro If that is what you must do. Question a maiden’s choosing. He is Don Medigua? All What is the world unto her Don M. A sailor’s/soldier’s life... If that one she is losing? Let him deny it if he can. Scaramba Dearer than gold of the earth All (thrilled) Extend your left foot well in the air. Or the pearls of the ocean Ever ready to defend us Upon your right, your body you bear, ❦ 12 ❦ Then forward step DIALOGUE TRACK 2 Don M. (sputtering) With the utmost care Don M. Ours? Impossible! To be a perfect soldier. Comrades, I am honored. Furthermore, Estrelda All I feel myself entitled to the honor of Papa has commanded me to wed you Extend... A sailor’s life... (They march, your adulation. Sentry! Bring out the and... I am a dutiful daughter. then go off noisily.) prisoner. He needs to be exercised. Don M. (aside) Verrada Bring the prisoner here! (Pozzo is led Trapped by the concept of Filial Ah, Scaramba, watching over your out.) So, Don Medigua, I trust your cell Responsibility! prisoner? is comfortable! (aside) What’s the Scaramba (sourly) problem, Pozzo. You seem nervous? DUET TRACK 3 No, that’s the job of El Capitan, “The Pozzo Don M. Bloodthirsty.” Your Excellency! I’ve a most decided notion Verrada Don M. (aloud) That your maidenly devotion But I thought you were an admirer Hush! No nicknames! (aside) What Isn’t lavished in a quarter of his. seems to be the trouble? That will bring you much return. Scaramba Pozzo (whispers) I have pegged ahead of forty, I was, but I hate him now. Estrelda is I don’t know. I don’t feel safe! I’ve a reputation sporty, fascinated by him and... Bah! Verrada, Don M. (aside) And I consequently haven’t I was too sure of her. Keep your Isabel I’m taking all the chances here, Pozzo. Any wickedness to learn. out of this Capitan’s sight, for he has You always were a selfish wretch! If you’ll stop and think a minute, hypnotized every woman in Tampoza. Pozzo (sarcastically) You’ll admit I am not in it The history of his Hundred Battles Oh, I fully appreciate everything With the chaps who make overwhelms them... you’ve done for me... A superfine impression on a girl. (Shouts are heard.) Don M. For I’m creaky and rheumatic Verrada (looks off) Look, I’ll be with you in the stretch. I And my heartbeat is erratic, It’s El Capitan. He’s coming! mean, near you at the finish. (aloud) And I’m thoroughly exhausted by Scaramba Oh, take him away...! (Pozzo protests.) The smallest social whirl... Then I’m going. Listen, every one of Vaya con Dios! (Pozzo is dragged out, Estrelda those cheers costs him ten sous. Be- Estrelda enters, elaborately dressed.) The smallest... sides, if we meet, I might... Estrelda That the soldier so magnetic (He goes.) Capitan! Is in love apologetic, Don Medigua, All Don M. Is a moral parodoxical, (El Capitan enters with followers.) Eh? Going to a... wedding, dear? A very funny fact. To arms, for liberty! Estrelda You may spare your modest tattle, Behold El Capitan... Ours! Mighty Champion of Battle, For a Hero’s very weaknesses ❦ 13 ❦ A maiden will attract. By your character dissection. That in life remains, Don M. We are certainly affinities Could we free the martyr Then I’ll have to mention matters If ever there were two. From his dungeon chains. Which would tear the love to tatters For, apart from gun and dagger, All Of the most romantic petticoat And your military swagger, Bowed with.... (Others enter.) That ever chanced to spoon. There’s a something undefinable Estrelda and Peruvian Ladies I’m an animated bluffer That draws my love to you. Never held a heart so much And at fighting I’m a duffer, Both Of pleaure; unto me today, I’m as hollow and as noisy No doubt your/my words are true. All the world is gay. As a doublebass bassoon. There’s a something... You are my delight, My adventures grim and gory SCENE TRACK 4 My prince, my treasure, Are a highly-seasoned story. Don M. (aside) I, your little dove, cooing only love. Why, the very smell of powder I am... a Victim of Fate! Don M. Makes me tremble like a leaf. Cazarro (entering) Fate has opened wide I have never earned a laurel Ah, I’m glad to find you two here The gate of pleasure, In a creditable quarrel, together. The Holy Father will be at the Offering a brand new honeymoon. And my terrifying record cathedral to marry you at three today. I can be repentant at my liesure, Has been singularly brief... Yes... Don M. And I need not have my liesure soon. Estrelda I’ve a duel at three. Make it... three- Estrelda, Peruvian Ladies What, singularly brief...? thirty! Ha, ha, ha! With a chain... You but deepen my affection Cazarro (menacingly, going) Princess, Isabel, Spanish Ladies At three, Capitan. Boo-hoo... Bowed with... Don M. (again, melodramatically) Estrelda I am...a martyr. Or a bigamist. Oh, Happy as a fairy, there’s no help for it. Estrelda must Sweetly dreaming in the leafy shade, become a member of the family circle. Of a woody glade, while the summer (looking off) Oh! Here comes Wife Air is teeming, is a maid at dawn Number One. (Ladies enter.) Of her wedding morn. Don M. (aside) Princess, Isabel, Spanish Ladies This is just the kind of blissful dreaming Bowed with tribulation, That is not enjoyed except by few, Torn with many a fear, For it takes a deuced lot of scheming Hearts in desperation, When you know Bring their sorrows here. A nightmare’s nearly due. Princess Ladies (as before, then they go) All the joy we’d barter El Capitan and Estrelda Boo-hoo... Ha-ha... ❦ 14 ❦ DIALOGUE TRACK 5 Has been lived without a blunder, recognize me or my life will be Princess (looking off at the ladies) Just suppose each happy year forfeited. One word and I’m past How can these peasants rejoice Brings you friends tense! when our poor dear husband is That nought can sunder. Princess immured here? (Cazarro enters.) And they one and all declare My husband, is it you?? Don Cazarro, we beseech you! May You’re a man beyond compare. Estrelda (sees this exchange, but we have an interview with our poor, You don’t drink or flirt or swear, hasn’t overheard it) El Capitan... unfortunate husband? You are virtue’s greatest wonder. Don M. Don M. (pulling his hat down over his But there comes a fearful shock. No! Certainly not, it is not me. (aside, eyes, so Isabel and the Princess can’t Jealous foes your worth deny. to his wife) You will betray me! (aloud) recognize him) Here comes the coup Certain little flaws they spy Princess, your husband is in there! de grâce. And they drag you to the block. (aside, to her) It’s Pozzo. Greet him as Estrella (sees this) All the land is steeped in gloom if he were your own beloved husband. Capitan, what are you doing? As they march you to the tomb, Princess Don M. While the deep-toned bell, Pozzo? Never! It’s draughty here and I... I catch cold With solemn knell, Don M. easily. Slowly tolls your early doom. It’s life or death! Cazarro Boom-a-boom... Ah! Princess (embracing him) El Capitan? If you deem it advisable, (Others join her.) Well, for your sake, anything! will you permit the Princess to see Estrelda (alarmed at this) her husband. DIALOGUE TRACK 7 Capitan, look out! You are in danger. Don M. (turning his back) Don M. Madame, I sympathize, but I do NOT deem it! Young woman, be gone! the noble Capitan is already... Princess (addressing him, still thinks Cazarro (has been moved by her Don M. (stops her) he is the real “El Capitan”) words) I admire your willpower, Estrelda....ah..... Look! Here he comes O Sir, we beg for mercy, mercy for our Capitan, but I have decided to grant Don Medigua (aside) My poor nerves! poor husband. the lady’s petition. Don M. Don. M. (aside) SEXTET TRACK 8 Depart woman! Get thee gone. I’m sinking... Don M. (to Pozzo who is brought out) Cazarro Don Medigua, here’s your wife. SONG TRACK 6 Produce the prisoner at once. Pozzo Isabel (appealing to Don Medigua) Don M. (aside) My wife? Oh warrior grim, your better self obey. Sink...or swim. I’ll risk it. (Goes over, Don M. We ask for him discreetly, to the Princess). Psst... Yes, your wife, you understand? (to Release from dungeon gray. dearest beloved wife. (Princess and Princess) Remember, you’re his wife! Just suppose that your career Isabel recognize him, gasp.) Do not His comforter in strife, ❦ 15 ❦ The one to him most dear. Estrelda I’d like to tweak the rascal’s nose. Princess (to Pozzo, playing it up) Remember they are man and wife, (to Estrelda) Don’t show surprise. Errico! She is his hope, he is her life. It must be clear Pozzo (happy to play along) Don M. Had you been wise, Eulalia! (He hugs her.) Propriety, society, sobriety and piety You’d not been here. Isabel (also playing along) With every other “iety,” Estrelda Oh, papa, we’re so glad to see you. Don’t justify their loving attitude. It’s not quite right to interfere Princess Isabel (kissing Pozzo), All Between two souls We pray El Capitan Oh, Papa, Papa dear, I so miss you. Whose love’s sincere. Will quickly free you! I must kiss you, Papa dear. Don M. Don M. (aside, to Pozzo) Kiss poor Mama too. Propriety... If ladies were not present, Princess Isabel, All I would “d” you, I love you, poor dejected man. Oh, Papa, Papa dear... Propriety.... But as it is, I meekly acquiesce. Don M. (aside) Estrelda (to Don M., suspiciously) If Mother Earth would swallow me DIALOGUE TRACK 9 Please, bear in mind T’would fill my aching heart with glee. Don Cazarro She is a married lady. Estrelda Return Don Medigua to his cell and Permit me to remark: Come, Capitan, don’t interfere detain the Princess as well. Your conduct’s shady. With that poor man; his end is near. Don M. Pozzo But let his bliss have fullest sway Your Excellency, the prison has but Oh, do not rob me And bid him kiss till close of day. one cell and that is already occupied Of my one remaining treasure. Don M. by Don Medigua. Don M. I scarce can speak, Cazarro Go on, kiss, hug, I’m choked with woes, Well, lock her up with her husband. T’will be a very short-lived pleasure. Don M. Pozzo (to the Princess) That arrangement won’t work. It’s... My darling girl and partner dear, unplatonic. I soon shall whirl from this sad sphere, Pozzo (kissing the Princess) So I’ll proceed the sweets to sip Pray, do not separate us. With utmost speed from rosy lip. Don M. (furious at Pozzo) Don M. (furious, aside) Lock him up! (Pozzo is led away.) I cannot stand this kind of thing, Estrelda (to Cazarro) A reprimand at him I’ll fling. Papa, observe the Capitan’s interest, (to Estrelda) Don’t look forlorn, his jealousy of Don Medigua. That simply shows Pozzo (Anthony Maida) posing as Don M. (aside) Don Medigua, kisses the Princess. There is a thorn to every rose. Pozzo is welcome to my title, but my ❦ 16 ❦ wife doesn’t come with it. Don M. Tho’ we die. Cazarro (aside, slowly) Ladies, ladies. (aside) I hear the angels Bravely onward we’ll go, Estrelda is right. The Capitan does love Calling me to come. For the sake of our land... the Princess. (aloud) Take the Princess Estrelda But a league... to the palace. All hopes of catching him, Scaramba (rushes in) Princess (embracing Don M.) Dear Princess, smother. Your Excellency, I bring information Must we part? Farewell! Farewell! You’re old enough of the enemy. Estrelda (furious with jealousy) To be his great-grandmother. Cazarro How dare she! (to Don M.) How dare Don M. Good, most faithful Don Scaramba, you, Capitan! (aside) I’ll rub salt in her Ladies, ladies! (aside) Oh Lord, The dispatch quickly let me see. (He wound. Papa, I wish the Princess to be If only they were deaf and dumb. reads.) Ho, ho! Ha! to arms! present at my ceremony! Both Ladies On every highway sound alarms, Don M. (interrupting her) He’s mine by every right Load every gun, beat every drum. Remove the Princess! That love can call its own. The Spanish General has come. Estrelda You love me, dearest, only me All I wish her to witness our... And me alone. He’s much too wise Load every gun... Don M. (desperate, fast and furious) To marry such a one as you, Don M. Your Excellency, such a thing would be So don’t you think that t’were Did you say the Spanish general is a gross breach of...um... military tac- Best that you should say adieu. here? tics. I mean, court etiquette. I mean, it All Cazarro would be a breach... Her presence He hears the angels... It’s true! would disgrace the wedding... Verrada (runs in, interrupts them) Don M. Princess (stopping everything) Postpone this senseless clatter And do you think he’ll very soon WEDDING? Whose wedding? For a more important matter... appear? Estrelda But a league to the south Cazarro Our wedding! Of Tampoza’s gate, I do. Don M. (aside, weakly) Royal legions of Spain sleep tonight. Don M. Toll the bell, for I am coming... We must meet them in battle, Hurrah...! for Spain and the Spaniards! Whatever our fate, Scaramba, All (furious) For the sake of Peru and the Right. He’s a traitor. Kill him! Kill him! FINALE TRACK 10 All Don M. Princess But a league to the south... Nonsense! He cannot, must not, shall not, We will fly in the face of the foe. My warlike nature simply rose Dare not wed you. By and by.... In admiration of such foes, If he has said he would, We will strike blow for blow Who’d have the courage to oppose He has misled you. An army led by me! ❦ 17 ❦ Cazarro You’ll clearly see Dreaming of days Come then, you lead the way. That I’m a brainy man. So beauteous, so bright. Don M. Come, march beneath... Boom, boom! Banish the shadows quickly, What, me? (All march off to battle.) My true love, out of the darkness, All Into the light. Yes, you! ACT II, SCENE TWO Both Don M. DUET TRACK 11 Hope meets despair... All right. I’ll lead you on to victory. Verrada (in the jungle) Voices (in the distance) Or death. Against the Spanish army Sweetheart, I’m waiting to hold thee, Tell me, my darling... I must lead them. Waiting to clasp thee All In love’s close embrace. DIALOGUE TRACK 12 Boom! boom...! Hasten, my true heart, Verrada Don M. (aside) Let me enfold thee, Come, Isabel, we must try to pass I’ll certainly get hurt Let me again, love, gaze on thy face. through the Insurgent lines. Unless I can desert, Hope meets despair Isabel Although in this deception With doubt and with trembling. But my father is in danger. He’s I have dabbled quite enough, Dark is the night and dreary the day. leading the Insurgents and... I’ll execute another little bluff. Tell me, my darling, Verrada Against... Without dissembling, tell me He’s leading them round and round in All Your heart is mine for aye. circles. They’re so tired, they can’t fight. Boom, boom. He’ll lead us to the fray. Isabel But we must delay no longer. Once They say they’ll win the day. Sweetheart, I’m dreaming of you, love, behind their lines we shall be safe. He’ll lead them to the gory fray. You trust me, don’t you, dearest? Unsheath the sword, Isabel (going off with him) Let the banners fly. With my life, Verrada! (A few rag-tag When duty calls, we will win or die. soliders march in.) The trumpet note and the roll of drum Don M. Shall tell the foe the victor’s come! Hup... Company, halt! Fall out! Unsheath the sword... Scaramba, what happened to the rest Don M., All of the soldiers? Come, march beneath the banner Scaramba (exhausted) Of the doughty Capitan. They couldn’t make it up the hill, I’m thinking of a scheme Capitan. You’ve done nothing but Of which you little dream. exercise us all night long! To make the Spanish fight for me Don M. I’ve hit upon a plan. Isabel and Verrada (Kyle Knapp) A sound mind in a sound body, I ❦ 18 ❦ always say. It’s a soldier’s duty to die for That his love has flown forever, his country. Wine! Wine for all... and That’s the climax of your woes. “All For Wine.” Ah, thank you! (drinks) So you look across the table This time tomorrow we shall all be Just as straight as you are able, dead on the battlefield. I‘m used to it. And with bitter tears apologize I was born amidst the din and carnage For pummeling his nose. of war. The first words I heard spoken Then adieu... came from a cannon’s mouth. (He is getting drunker.) Ha-ha! My mother SCENE TRACK 14 was a camp follower, boys, and I am a Scaramba (now quite drunk himself) son of the regiment! We are fighting Scaramba (Cory Clines) and El Capitan Capitan, you are a coward and a drink. against Don Medigua, but what’s he traitor and a womanizer. Don M. done? Nothing! With a hip-hurrah and a skip tra-la Señor, one of us must die! Scaramba And a glass ‘twixt finger and thumb. Scaramba That’s just it. We want a Viceroy who There is comfort too does... something. I agree. When a friend’s with you, Don M. Don M. Together you clink your mugs, I’ll drink to that! The only question is... which one! As And soon forget that you had met your superior officer, I nominate you. An incubus called “the bugs.” SONG TRACK 13 Scaramba If you haven’t a sous to pay your due, Don M. (staggering a little) Coward! I’ll report you to Don You merrily laugh and sing, When some serious affliction Cazarro. (Estrelda enters.) For seen through the drink, Makes you seem uncomon blue, Don M. A purse without clink Such as heroes meet in fiction Ah, Estrelda! Here she is. Come to Is the funniest kind of thing. But if At the end of Volume Two. me, my Peruvian plum... Your friend is unpleasantly critical, At misfortune snap your finger, Scaramba Or if you differ in matters political, Fill with wine your flagon high, Is this man bothering you? Or in grammar, astronomy, And your pangs will only linger Don M. P’litical ‘conomy, heathen mythology, Till the jug runs dry. Scaramba, you are everlastingly piping Draw-Pokerology, Then adieu to care; in the wine so rare, the same tune. I knew a young man in Something sufficiently weighty Let us vow the rascal to drown. Zanzibar who did the same thing. I’ll To ripple the friendship eternal We will stir his blood in a rosy flood tell you what happened to him... You swore o’er your tipple. And will toss the medicine down. Don M. Then adieu... Let the corks pop, pop Under the window he softly crept, To the last gold drop, But a notion soon will strike you While father and mother As we toast the pleasures to come, That your friend will now dislike you, And Towser slept. Then plunking ❦ 19 ❦ A tune on his light guitar, punctual. General Herbana He warbled a ballad of Zanzibar. Don M. Where is Don Medigua? From out her chamber Run along, my dear Estrelda. I’ll join Estrelda Emerged the maid, begging you in battle in a moment. (He tiptoes There he stands the traitor, the The name of the tune he played. over to the prison window) Psst.... coward. Oh Papa, and brave Said he as he plunked his light guitar, Princess, dearest wife. Scaramba... “Tis a typical tune of Zanzibar.” Scaramba (runs in again, out of Scaramba (confused) Ya, ya, ya... breath) Capitan, the Spanish army But I thought he was El Capitan... “I’m yours for aye,” the maiden cried. has surrounded our right flank. (points to Pozzo) and he was... “I’m ready to marry, to be your bride. Don M. Don M. Only plunk again on your light guitar I shall draw my sword. Run back and Tut, tut, Scaramba, thinking isn’t That typical tune of Zanzibar.” tell them the Hero of a Hundred Battles your strong point. Looking with love on his bride-to-be, is coming to save them. Go! (Scaramba General Herbana He tuned the strings in another key. runs off.) Dear wife! Princess! Pozzo, I Have I the honor of addressing Don Then plunked once more am here to free you. (Estrelda has Medigua? On his light guitar, entered silently and sees this.) Don M. That typical tune of Zanzibar. Nevado (runs in) Viceroy, hero, husband, father... (All three join in.) Ya-ya-ya... Capitan, the Spanish Army has Verrada surrounded our left flank! And father-in-law. Your Excellency, Quickly she leaped Don M. From the casement high now that you mention it, and now Beginners’ luck. Tell the brave lads on Into his arms and ready to fly. that the crisis is over... I love your our side that I’ll be there anon. But Towser had heard the light guitar daughter and I want her ha--- Princess! (She and Pozzo appear.) And the typical tune of Zanzibar. Don M. Pozzo They buried them down You want her hand. Well, take her Don Medigua! By the ocean’s spray, hand and whatever else goes with it. Don M. (still angry at Pozzo) Where oft at night, so neighbors say, And while I’m at it... Estrelda, I’ll deal with you later! Is heard the plunk of a light guitar Scaramba... here, take each other. (He Princess And the typical tune of Zanzibar. joins their hands.) And you’re both Oh, dearest husband, I knew that you (All three again.) Ya-ya-ya... welcome, I’m sure. (brings Estrelda would rescue me. (Others enter.) over to General Herbana) General, you Estrelda (leaping our of the sha- DIALOGUE TRACK 15 must spare this luscious creature’s dows) Nevado, seize this traitor. He is (Distant cannons are heard.) father. (to Estrelda) On one condition, Don Medigua! (General confusion. At Scaramba fair Estrelda... this very moment the Spanish The enemy has begun the attack. Estrelda General enters.) (going off) That General Herbana is Name it, sir. ❦ 20 ❦ Don M. He waits for your commands That you will forgive Don Medigua for Forgive his many weaknesses the shortcomings of... El Capitan. And love him if you can. (Relieved, Estrelda nods yes, and all With heart and voice, bid all rejoice rejoice at the sudden happy ending.) And praise his little plan. We beg... FINALE TRACK 16 All Don Medigua Unsheathe the sword... We beg your kind consideration (General rejoicing) For El Capitan. (All echo his words.) His fate is in your hands, END ACT II / END CD TWO Composer John Philip Sousa

Ohio Light Opera Orchestra 2010 Steven Byess, Conductor

VIOLIN: Selim Giray, concertmaster Andrew Lisbin, Zsolt Eder, Julianna Byess, Aysegul Giray, Caroline Drozdiak VIOLA: Gloria Britez Scolari, Luis Reyes CELLO: Eunkyung Son, Rebecca Yoder BASS: Andrew Hawks FLUTE: Tyler Menzel, Alison Crossley OBOE: Elizabeth England CLARINET: Angela Occhionero, Spencer Prewitt BASSOON: Laura McIntyre HORN: Matt Taylor, Dafydd Bevil Steven Byess TRUMPET: John Schuesselin, Spencer Aston Conductor TROMBONE: Nolan Plunkett John Schuesselin Orchestra Personnel PERCUSSION: Tom Roblee Manager ❦ 21 ❦ THE COLLEGE OF WOOSTER Liberal arts colleges are, in the words of President Grant H. Cornwell, ”an American invention.” A recent study measured the leading 50 colleges in three critical areas— educating scientists, educating leaders in international Grant H. Cornwell affairs, and educating business executives. Wooster is PRESIDENT one of only 21 colleges to earn a place in all three groups. It is also a school which is dedicated to the performing arts with strong programs in theater and music. Since establishing The Ohio Light Opera in 1979, Wooster has upheld the goals of providing young musicians with an opportunity to perform in a professional setting and of entertaining audiences with operettas which charmed the publics of an earlier era.

❦ 22 ❦ The Ohio Light Opera 2010 Festival Staff Steven Daigle Artistic Director Julie Wright Associate Artistic Director Laura McGraw Neill Executive Director Michael Borowitz Music Director Jennifer K. Burns Production Stage Manager Brian Rudell Sound Designer Steven Daigle Julie Wright Costa Michael Borowitz Artistic Director Associate Artistic Director Music Director Acknowledgements: Grant Cornwell President, College of Wooster ADVISORY BOARD: Mr. & Mrs. William Blanchard Hon. John D. Ong Mrs. Harold Freedlander Barbara Robinson Mr. & Mrs. Frank L. Knorr John Schambach Boyd & Eloise Mackus Dave & Carol Sherck Michael & Nan Miller Mr. & Mrs. Ernest Stein

The production of El Capitan was partially underwritten by gifts Laura McGraw Neill John Ostendorf from Mr. and Mrs. Stanley C. Gault Executive Director Recording Producer and Mary Alice Streeter.

Albany’s Ohio Light Opera CD series also includes Gilbert & Sullivan’s Ruddigore, Mikado, The Gondoliers, Sorcerer, The Yeomen of the Guard and The Grand Duke; Victor Herbert’s Mlle. Modiste, Naughty Marietta, The Red Mill and Sweethearts, Kern’s The Cabaret Girl, Kalman’s Der Zigeunerprimas and Autumn Maneuvers; DeKoven’s Robin Hood; Offenbach’s Bluebeard and The Brigands, Friml’s The Vagabond King and The Firefly, and Zeller’s The Birdseller. ❦ 23 ❦ El Capitan CD ONE (40:06) 1 ACT I, Prelude (2:35) 2 SCENE: “Nobles of Castilian birth” (8:48) 3 DIALOGUE: “Not again!” (2:57) 4 SCENE: “Don Medigua, all for thy coming” (4:07) 5 DIALOGUE: “My friends, I fear the worst” (5:08) 6 ENSEMBLE: “What’s this?...When we hear” (4:41) 7 DIALOGUE: “Scaramba, give me” (0:39) 8 SONG: “Oh, spare a daughter’s aching heart” (1:52) 9 SCENE: “Lo, the awful man approaches” (3:07) 10 DIALOGUE: “Noble warrior!” (1:51) 11 FINALE: “Bah! Bah!” (4:15)

CD TWO (48:44) 1 ACT II, Scene One: “Fall in...Attention!” (4:02) 2 DIALOGUE: “Comrades, I am honored” (1:14) 3 DUET: “I’ve a most decided notion” (3:46) 4 SCENE: “I’m a victim” (5:04) 5 DIALOGUE: “How can those peasants?” (0:38) 6 SONG: “Oh, warrior grim” (3:12) 7 DIALOGUE: “Young woman, be gone!” (1:03) 8 SEXTET: “Don Medigua!” (3:55) 9 DIALOGUE: “Return Don Medigua” (1:22) 10 FINALE: “He cannot, must not” (7:18) 11 Scene Two: “Sweetheart, I’m waiting” (3:40) 12 DIALOGUE: “Come, Isabel” (1:23) 13 SONG: “When some serious affliction” (4:22) 14 SCENE: “Capitan...Under the window” (3:44) 15 SCENE: “The enemy has begun” (2:09) 16 FINALE: “We beg your kind consideration” (1:40)

SOUSA SOUSAEl Capitan 2-CD Set The “March King,” John Philip Sousa’s hilarious 1896 comic opera, set in 19th century Peru—

complete music and dialogue, recorded with Cast, Chorus and Orchestra at The Ohio Light

Opera 2010 Festival, Steven Byess conducting. John Ostendorf, recording producer. CAPITANEL TROY 1236 / 37 TROY 1236

John Philip Sousa (1854-1932)

Nicholas Wuehrmann Alta Dantzler Nancy María Balach Kyle Knapp

Don Medigua (”El Capitan”) Princess Isabella Verrada The OhioLightOpera The Ohio Light Opera The Ohio

Steven Byess Steven Daigle Tania Mandzy Cory Clines David Kelleher-Flight Conductor Artistic Director Estrelda Scaramba Don Cazarro

TROY 1236/37 Albany Records U.S. CD ONE (40:09) Act One 915 Broadway, Albany, NY 12207

ELCAPITAN CD TWO Tel: 518-436-8814 FAX:518-436-0643 (48:44) Act Two

Albany Records U.K. John Ostendorf, RECORDING PRODUCER Box 137 Kendal, Cumbria LA80XD George FaddoulRECORDING, ENGINEER Tel: 01539 824008 Warren Bendler, RECORDING ENGINEER Warning: Copyright subsists in all recordings issued under the label © 2010 Albany Records Robert Muller, PRODUCTION PHOTOGRAPHY Made in the USA.www.albanyrecords.com Jennifer K. Burns, ASSISTANT TO THE PRODUCER SOUSA