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A Selection of Islamic Laws

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A Selection of Islamic Laws Contents 1 A Selection of Islamic Laws Based on the verdicts of Grand Ayatollah Yousof Saanei www.saanei.org www.feqh.org 2 A Selection of Islamic Laws CONTENTS Translator’s Preface How to Say the Prayer for the Dead ■ Ijtihad (Rule Deduction) and Taquleed Rules of Burial (Imitation) Prayer of Fear (Wahshat Prayer) The Difference between Ihtiyat-ul-Wajib Exhumation (Nabsh-ul-Quabr) Signs of Puberty Ghusls for Girls and Women ■ Rules of Purity and Impurity (Tahaarat and 1- Haydh Ghusl (Ghusl for Menstruation) Nijaasat) 2- Istihadha Ghusl (Ghusl after Uterine Irregular Rules Which Must Be Observed While Relieving Discharges) Oneself 3- Nifaas (Afterbirth Bleeding) Istibra' (Confirmation of Emptiness) ■ Tayammum (Dry Ablution) Purity (Tahaarat) Instructions on Tayammum Impurities (Nijaasaat) Things on which Tayammum Is Valid Ways to Prove Impurity Rules of Tayammum How a Pure Thing Becomes Impure ■ Prayer Mutahiraat (Purifiers) Types of prayer Rules of Water Obligatory Prayers Qualeel (Under-Kurr) Water Obligatory Daily Prayers Kurr, Running, Well and Rain Water The Time for Daily Prayers How to Purify Impurities with Water Time for Midday and Afternoon Prayers Earth Time for Sunset and Evening Prayers The Sun Rules Regarding the Time of Prayers Islam The Prayers Which Must Be Offered In Removal of the Original Impurity (Najis-ul-Ayn) Sequence Istihalah (transformation) Rules of the Quiblah Intiqual (Transfer) Covering the Body in Prayers Rules of Utensils Body and Covering While Offering Prayers ■ Ablutions (Wudhu) Place where Prayer Must Be Offered How to perform Wudhu Rules Regarding the Place Where Prayer Is Conditions of Wudhu Offered The Explanation of the Conditions of Wudhu Rules of Mosques Jabeerah Wudhu Adhaan (Call to Prayers) and Iquamah Things for Which Wudhu Is Obligatory (Preparation for Entering Prayers) How Wudhu Becomes Void Rules of Adhaan and Iquamah Rules Concerning the Holy Quran Acts of Prayer Touching the Scripts of the Holy Quran Obligatory acts of Prayer ■ Ghusl (ritual bathing) The Elements of Prayer How to Perform Ghusl The Difference between the Elements (Rukn) Conditions under Which Ghusl Is Valid and Non-elements of Prayer Obligatory Ghusls Rules regarding the Obligatory Acts of prayers Rules of Janabah Ghusl 1-The intention Things Which Are Forbidden for a Junub Person 2- To Pronounce the beginning “Allahu Akbar” ■ Rules Related to a Dying Person (Takbeerat-ul-ihram) Rules to Be Followed after the Death of a 3- Standing Upright Muslim 4- Recitation Mayyit Ghusl (Ghusl for a dead body) Rules of Quira'at (Recitation) Ghusl for Touching a Dead Body 5- Bowing (Ruku') Rules Regarding Shroud 6-Prostrations Rules of Hunut (Embalmment) The Obligatory Prostrations of the Holy Quran Rules of Prayer for the Dead 7- Testimony (Tashahud) Contents 3 8- Salutation of Prayers (Salaam) Joining in the Fourth Rak'at 9- Sequence (Tarteeb) Qualifications of the Congregation Leader (the 10- Succession (Muwalaat) Imam) Personal Supplication (Qunut) Rules of Congregational Prayer Supplementary Acts Following the Prayers Friday Prayer (Ta'queebaat) How to Perform Friday Prayer Translation of Prayers Conditions of Friday Prayer 1- Translation of Takbeerat-ul-ihram What the Followers Must Do in Friday Prayer 2- Translation of Al-Hamd chapter "Ayat" prayer (Prayer of Signs) 3- Translation of Al-Ikhlaas chapter (Al- How to Offer Ayat Prayer Towheed) Rules of Ayat Prayer 4- Translation of the Remembrance Pronounced Recommended Prayers (Nafilah) in the Bow Prayers of the Festivals (Eid-ul-Fitr and Eid-ul- 5- Translation of the Remembrance Pronounced Qurbaan) in Prostrations The Time for the Prayers of Festivals 6- Translation of the Four Remembrances How to offer the Prayers of Festivals (Tasbeehat-ul-Arba'ah) Daily Recommended Prayers 7- Translation of Testimony and Salutation Midnight Recommended Prayers Things Which Invalidate Prayers (Mubtilaat) Time for Midnight Recommended Prayers Rules regarding the Things which Invalidate Ghufaylah Recommended Prayer Prayers ■ Fasting Talking The intention for Fasting Laughing and Weeping Things which Invalidate a Fast Turning Away From the Quiblah 1- Eating and drinking Eating and Drinking 2- Sexual intercourse Violating the Figure and Form of Prayers 3- Masturbation (Istimna’) Some of the Things which are legally 4- Attributing lies and falsities to Allah and the disapproved while Praying Holy Prophet (PBUH) Doubts Aroused while Praying 5- Letting thick dust reach one’s throat Doubts over the Parts of Prayers 6- Immersing one’s head in water Doubts which Invalidate Prayers 7- Remaining in the state of Janabah, Doubts Which Must Be Ignored menstruation or after-birth bleeding till the dawn Ihtiyat Prayer (Precautionary Prayer) Adhaan. Table of Correct Doubts 8- Enema Table of Correct Doubts, continued 9- Vomiting Sahv Prostration (Prostration of Inadvertence) Quadha Fasts and Fast Atonement (Kaffarah) The Quadha of Forgotten Prostrations and Quadha Fasts Testimony Fast Atonement Prayers of a Traveler (Musafir) Rules of Quadha Fasts and Fast Atonement Where is Considered One’s Home? Fasting by a Traveler The Ten-Day Intention Those for Whom Fasting Is Not Obligatory Quadha Prayers How to Ascertain the Frist Day of a Lunar month The Quadha Prayers of Parents Obligatory for Forbidden and Legally Disapproved Fasts the Oldest Son Zakat-ul-Fitra (Zakat-ul-Fitrah) Hiring a Person for Offering Prayers The Amount of Zakat-ul-Fitra Congregational Prayer Miscellaneous Rules of the Zakat-ul-Fitra Rules of Congregational Prayer (Zakat-ul-Fitra) Joining a Congregation Religious Seclusion (I’tikaf) Joining in the First Rak'at Conditions of Religious Seclusion Joining in the Second Rak'at ■ The One Fifth Levy (Khums) Joining in the Third Rak'at Rules of Khums 4 A Selection of Islamic Laws Expenditure of Khums Banks, Trading Cash and Checks ■ Alms (Zakat) ■ Rules Regarding Surety Rules of Zakat ■ Rules Regarding Trust Conditions Where Zakat Becomes Obligatory ■ Rules of Lending and Borrowing The Zakat Payable on Wheat, Barely, Dates, and Lost and Found Raisins Having One’s Shoes Taken for Other’s The Zakat Payable on Gold and Silver ■ Rules of Marriage The Zakat Payable on Camels, Sheep, and Cows Defects Due to Which Marriage Can Be Those Who Are Entitled to Receive Zakat Annulled The Intention of Zakat Women Forbidden For a Man to Marry Miscellaneous Rules of Zakat Rules Regarding Touching and Looking at Non- Zakat Expenditure Mahram and Veiling ■ Rules of Pilgrimage (Hajj) ■ Rules Regarding Offspring ■ Enjoining the Good and Forbidding the Evil Prevention of Pregnancy ■ Rules regarding Giving Alms and Charities Circumcision Some Miscellaneous Issues on Alms-giving Sacrifice Offered for a Newborn Baby (Aquiqah) Some Situations in which Charity Is Particularly Custody of Children Regarded Insemination, Abortion, and Sex Change ■ Miscellaneous Issues ■ Ruling on Breastfeeding Profane songs and Music ■ Rules Concerning Divorce Dancing and Clapping Iddah of Divorce and Death Gambling Irrevocable and Revocable Divorce Contest and Shooting Khula’ Divorce and Mubarat Sculpture and Painting Miscellaneous Rules of Divorce Bribery ■ Usurpation Misleading Books ■ Eating and Drinking Authors’ Fees Eating Etiquette Shaving One’s Beard and Hairdressing Etiquette of Drinking Water Resemblance to Infidels ■ Rules of Slaughtering Animals Backbiting Conditions of Slaughtering Animals Slander Rulings on Hunting with Weapons Inquisition Fishing Lying Method of Slaughtering a Camel Drugs ■ Rules Concerning Food and Drink Tormenting the Animals ■ Vow and Covenant Dreaming ■ Rulings on Swearing an Oath ■ Rules of Trading ■ Rules regarding Waquf (Endowment) Void Transactions ■ Rules Regarding Will Canceling a Transaction ■ Rules Concerning Inheritance ■ Rules of Partnership ■ Miscellaneous Issues ■ Rules of Compromise The Holy Imams ■ Rules Regarding Lease Rules Concerning Governments and Ruling Conditions regarding the Property Given on Systems Lease Insurance Those Who Have No Right of Possession over Cloning Their Property Visiting Blood Relatives ■ Rules of Mudharabah (Commandite) Seeking Divine Guidance (Istikhara) ■ Rules Regarding Loan Repentance Kinds of loan Miscellaneous Queries Rules of Loan and Debt ■ Glossary Contents 5 Translator’s Preface This book is a translated version of the book, “Muntakhab-ul-Masaa’il” based on the verdicts of His Eminence Grand Ayatollah Saanei. A brief glance at His Eminence’s verdicts would suffice to acknowledge Him as to be among the few Islamic jurists who, along with fidelity to the basics and principles of rule deduction (Ijtihad), have devoted special attention to the two elements of time and space as well as the needs of the new age and thus paved the way for the practicality of Islam’s jurisprudential rulings. In this regard, seeing masculinity as not being a condition for serving as judges, religious jurists, and in other ruling positions, equality between men and women and also between Muslims and non-Muslims in compensation, blood money, and retaliation, considering music as to be generally legal except for the music containing laxity and immorality, establishing the age of puberty for girls as to begin at thirteen lunar years of age (in the absence of the signs of puberty), giving mothers priority over paternal grandfathers in taking custody and guardianship of children in the absence of their fathers, counting all human beings as pure except for obstinate unbelievers who deny the truth despite knowing it, and taking merely the interest paid on depreciation as illegal
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