DOCSLIB.ORG

Capture, Restraint and Transport Stress in Southern Chamois (Rupicapra Pyrenaica)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Capture, Restraint and Transport Stress in Southern Chamois (Rupicapra Pyrenaica) Capture,Capture, restraintrestraint andand transporttransport stressstress ininin SouthernSouthern chamoischamois ((RupicapraRupicapra pyrenaicapyrenaica)) ModulationModulation withwith acepromazineacepromazine andand evaluationevaluation usingusingusing physiologicalphysiologicalphysiological parametersparametersparameters JorgeJorgeJorge RamónRamónRamón LópezLópezLópez OlveraOlveraOlvera 200420042004 Capture, restraint and transport stress in Southern chamois (Rupicapra pyrenaica) Modulation with acepromazine and evaluation using physiological parameters Jorge Ramón López Olvera Bellaterra 2004 Esta tesis doctoral fue realizada gracias a la financiación de la Comisión Interministerial de Ciencia y Tecnología (proyecto CICYT AGF99- 0763-C02) y a una beca predoctoral de Formación de Investigadores de la Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, y contó con el apoyo del Departament de Medi Ambient de la Generalitat de Catalunya. Los Doctores SANTIAGO LAVÍN GONZÁLEZ e IGNASI MARCO SÁNCHEZ, Catedrático de Universidad y Profesor Titular del Área de Conocimiento de Medicina y Cirugía Animal de la Facultad de Veterinaria de la Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, respectivamente, CERTIFICAN: Que la memoria titulada ‘Capture, restraint and transport stress in Southern chamois (Rupicapra pyrenaica). Modulation with acepromazine and evaluation using physiological parameters’, presentada por el licenciado Don JORGE R. LÓPEZ OLVERA para la obtención del grado de Doctor en Veterinaria, se ha realizado bajo nuestra dirección y, considerándola satisfactoriamente finalizada, autorizamos su presentación para que sea evaluada por la comisión correspondiente. Y para que así conste a los efectos que sean oportunos, firmamos el presente certificado en Bellaterra, a 27 de Julio de 2004. Firmado: Santiago LAVÍN GONZÁLEZ Firmado: Ignasi MARCO SÁNCHEZ Sólo sé que no sé nada Sócrates (Filósofo griego, 470-399 a. C.) ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Una tesis doctoral, a pesar de estar firmada por un solo autor, no es un trabajo individual, sino el fruto de un esfuerzo colectivo que sólo es posible gracias a la colaboración y el apoyo de muchísimas personas, tanto laboral como emocionalmente. Por ello, no sería justo presentar este trabajo sin agradecer su participación en mi tesis y en mi vida a todas las personas que me han ayudado y animado. Además, la realización de la tesis es más que un mero trabajo de investigación; al menos en mi caso, ha supuesto un proceso de crecimiento y maduración personal, lo que no sé si es positivo o negativo. Mirando hacia atrás, muchas de las expectativas e ilusiones del joven de 22 años que un día entró en el despacho del Doctor Santiago Lavín solicitando participar en un proyecto relacionado con fauna salvaje han cambiado por nuevas metas, otras se han cumplido y otras han desaparecido en el olvido. Lo que sí es seguro es que una cosa de la tesis no cambiaría por nada: el haber conocido a muchos de vosotros y el haber estrechado lazos con quienes ya conocía. Y como de bien nacidos es ser agradecidos, allá voy. Quizás estos agradecimientos puedan parecer demasiado largos, pero es que soy muy afortunado de poder contar con vosotros. Disculpadme quienes quedéis en el tintero, pero también os doy las gracias. A los Doctores Santiago Lavín e Ignasi Marco, por tener la idea que dio pie al proyecto, por pensar en mí para realizarlo cuando no tenía nada más que aportar que mucho entusiasmo, por darme la oportunidad tanto tiempo deseada de trabajar con animales salvajes, por guiarme en el farragoso trabajo diario y recordarme que hay vida más allá del trabajo. Als guardes i personal de les Reserves Nacionals de Caça de Cadí-Moixeró, Cerdanya-Alt Urgell i Freser-Setcases, perquè treballar bé amb ells va estar sempre una festa. Sense la seva experiència, consell i esforç, els “tècnics” de ciutat no haguéssim aconseguit capturar ni un isard. Especialment a Campi, Julio, Daniel de cal Jan, Dani, Gispert, Bossom, Teresa, Cruïlles, Joan, Josep Marsal, Jordi Marsal i Eduard (pare, fill i nebot) i Josep Bonada pare i fill. I, com no, a en Jordi García Petit, pel seu interès, compromís i dedicació pel Pirineu en general i per aquest estudi en particular. A María y los guardas asturianos, en especial Fernando, Rubén y Francisco, por enseñarme a trabajar con rebecos por primera vez (aunque fueran cantábricos) y por los buenos momentos compartidos bajo el orbayu. A los profesores Josep Pastor, por nuestra fraternal relación (¡cuñaaaaoo!), y Rafi Cuenca, por la deferencia que me ha mostrado. Ambos han visto en mí quizás más bondad de la que realmente tengo. Gracias por vuestro voto de confianza. A mi tocayo, el profesor Jordi Miró, por tener siempre un buen consejo, el momento para dármelo y por ayudarnos de verdad en las capturas. A Mª Àngels, por adoptarme en el departamento y cuidar tan bien de este descendiente de su tierra. A mis profesores escolares, Azucena y Manel, pero también Alberto, Ana, Élida, Enrique, Montse y Victorino, y a quienes no fueron mis profesores pero me trataron con cariño, el director Ángel, Charo, Pere, María Farràs y Rosa (y Pep). A mis profesores del Instituto, Begoña, Conxita, Richard, Antoni Segarra, Fernando García, Antonio Zurdo y el profesor Mussons. Porque aunque haga tiempo que no les visito, todos han dejado su impronta en mi carácter y me han formado humanísticamente. Creo que ése es el mejor regalo que me han podido hacer. A quienes han compartido despacho, alegrías y penurias doctorales conmigo durante estos largos años de tesis: Jordi, que fue casi mi tercer director de tesis, siempre con su colaboración desinteresada y por tener siempre tiempo para atender mis numerosas dudas; Gregorio, amigo antes y mucho más que compañero; Carlo, cuya alegre euforia esconde bellos sentimientos; Ana Luisa, colaboradora voluntariosa especialista en tranquilizarme en los momentos de mayor estrés; Ana Cris, quien aunque no siempre está en el despacho ha compartido alegrías, penas y literatura; y Miguel, que siempre tuvo un chiste que contar. A los compañeros de doctorado; Toni, junto a quien perseguí rebecos por medio Cadí; Aurora (la novia de Grego) y Jorge (el primo de la novia de Grego), por su simpatía y gracejo; Ernesto, Álex, Antonio, Laia, Edu, Judith, Marías, Amparo y Raquel (bioquímicos); Marta y Anna (cirujanas); Ceci, Alba y Eva (nutrólogas); la risueña Yeni (tecnóloga alimentaria), por las cenas y las charlas de pasillo. A Esther y Montse, las chicas del laboratorio, por las –adas compartidas. A Mateo, que ha estado conmigo desde el instituto. A quienes colaboraron voluntariamente en las capturas y quisieron aprender algo del rebeco, aunque fuera por un día: Pepe, Toni, David, Ignasi, Rafa, Jordi, Álex, Mireia, Jane, Eila, la familia Busquets, Laia, Sergi, Rose, Gema, Elia, Roger, Marc, Ana, los profesores Alfred Ferret y Xavi Manteca...y todos los demás, a los que quizás ni llegué a conocer por estar enfrascado en el trabajo pero a quienes estoy igualmente agradecido. A Ignasi Béjar y Rafa Guardia, por entender el verdadero significado de la palabra equipo y dejar de ser colaboradores para convertirse en amigos. A AVAFES y a los chiruqueros de espíritu, sobre todo Lluís Parpal, Dani Ponté, Dani Alarcón y también David Baena, por contribuir a difundir el conocimiento veterinario de la fauna salvaje. A quienes nos conocimos a través de esta asociación y luego seguimos siendo amigos de excursiones y congresos: Fernando, Raquel, Pablo, Joaquín, Javi, Jaime y el resto de jóvenes veteranos. A Núria Monje, por sus jaimitadas y sus cafés con leche. A las nuevas promociones, que me recuerdan la energía e ilusión con la que empecé el doctorado; el siempre divertido y paciente Jordi Boixadé, las encantadoras niñas Loli, Vane y Mº Carmen, y Olga, cuya ilusión por la vida y la fauna salvaje sólo se ven superados por su candor. A Toni, mi amigo del quiosco de la facultad, por su simpatía y atención. A mis vecinos y la gente de mi barrio, Juan y Mª Carmen, señoras Pepita y Carme, Mati, Paco y Sergio, Antonio, Jose e Isabeles, Mari y Diego, que me conocieron desde antes de nacer, y los amigos del mercado y de la calle, porque aunque no sepan con seguridad qué es un rebeco, me hacen recuperar la confianza en la bondad del ser humano y han sido una segunda familia para mi. A Fina, que me animó en los peores y en los mejores momentos con una gran sabiduría, y a Frau Beate Peters, mi amiga alemana de alma mediterránea, que supo tratarme como una persona y a quien todavía le debo un viaje por la Península. A mis amigos, por serlo y aguantarme a pesar de ser yo. A Ivan, por todo lo que hemos crecido, aprendido y vivido juntos; a Gregorio, por segunda vez, por su bondad y nuestra mutua ilusión por la fauna salvaje; a César, que fue un buen mosquetero; al paciente Sergio, a ver si se decide de una vez a dar los pasos que necesita su vida; a Pili, que espero haya aprendido a tomarse menos en serio el trabajo y más en serio la vida; a Eva, mi alma gemela, por esa complicidad y ese entendimiento difícil de explicar que sé que no tendré nunca con nadie más. Y a Ana, Bea, Pep, Jaume, Carol, Jose, Xasvi, César y el resto de compañeros de estudios con los que compartí excursiones y noches de insomnio colectivo. Muy especialmente a dos personas que, además de haberme ayudado, y mucho, con la tesis, necesitan y merecen especialmente mi agradecimiento y ánimo. Al Doctor Viñas, que me dejó demasiado pronto sin el consejo y la guía espiritual de un padre o abuelo profesional. Y, sobre todo, a Ferne. Nadie como él ha ‘pringado’ trabajando duro en los días más difíciles por simple amistad, demostrando un compromiso personal al que lamento haber faltado durante la última fase de la tesis. Pero siempre estás en mi pensamiento, y espero poder recompensarte con creces, cabrón. A mis padres, hermanas, tía y abuela, porque gracias a ellos y a su esfuerzo he podido andar el camino que me ha traído hasta aquí.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • An Analysis of the Phylogenetic Relationship of Thai Cervids Inferred from Nucleotide Sequences of Protein Kinase C Iota (PRKCI) Intron
    Kasetsart J. (Nat. Sci.) 43 : 709 - 719 (2009) An Analysis of the Phylogenetic Relationship of Thai Cervids Inferred from Nucleotide Sequences of Protein Kinase C Iota (PRKCI) Intron Kanita Ouithavon1, Naris Bhumpakphan2, Jessada Denduangboripant3, Boripat Siriaroonrat4 and Savitr Trakulnaleamsai5* ABSTRACT The phylogenetic relationship of five Thai cervid species (n=21) and four spotted deer (Axis axis, n=4), was determined based on nucleotide sequences of the intron region of the protein kinase C iota (PRKCI) gene. Blood samples were collected from seven captive breeding centers in Thailand from which whole genomic DNA was extracted. Intron1 sequences of the PRKCI nuclear gene were amplified by a polymerase chain reaction, using L748 and U26 primers. Approximately 552 base pairs of all amplified fragments were analyzed using the neighbor-joining distance matrix method, and 19 parsimony- informative sites were analyzed using the maximum parsimony approach. Phylogenetic analyses using the subfamily Muntiacinae as outgroups for tree rooting indicated similar topologies for both phylogenetic trees, clearly showing a separation of three distinct genera of Thai cervids: Muntiacus, Cervus, and Axis. The study also found that a phylogenetic relationship within the genus Axis would be monophyletic if both spotted deer and hog deer were included. Hog deer have been conventionally classified in the genus Cervus (Cervus porcinus), but this finding supports a recommendation to reclassify hog deer in the genus Axis. Key words: Thailand, the family Cervidae, protein kinase C iota (PRKCI) intron, phylogenetic tree, taxonomy INTRODUCTION 1987; Gentry, 1994). Cervids, or what is commonly called “deer,” are mostly characterized The family Cervidae is one of the most by antlers with a bony inner core and velvet skin specious families of artiodactyls, with an extensive cover.
    [Show full text]
  • Review of Asian Species/Country Combinations Subject to Long-Standing Import Suspensions
    Review of Asian species/country combinations subject to long-standing import suspensions (Version edited for public release) SRG 54 Prepared for the European Commission Directorate General Environment ENV.E.2. – Environmental Agreements and Trade by the United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre November, 2010 UNEP World Conservation Monitoring PREPARED FOR Centre 219 Huntingdon Road The European Commission, Brussels, Belgium Cambridge CB3 0DL DISCLAIMER United Kingdom Tel: +44 (0) 1223 277314 The contents of this report do not necessarily Fax: +44 (0) 1223 277136 reflect the views or policies of UNEP or Email: [email protected] Website: www.unep-wcmc.org contributory organisations. The designations employed and the presentations do not imply ABOUT UNEP-WORLD CONSERVATION the expressions of any opinion whatsoever on MONITORING CENTRE the part of UNEP, the European Commission or contributory organisations concerning the The UNEP World Conservation Monitoring legal status of any country, territory, city or Centre (UNEP-WCMC), based in Cambridge, area or its authority, or concerning the UK, is the specialist biodiversity information delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. and assessment centre of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), run cooperatively with WCMC, a UK charity. The © Copyright: 2010, European Commission Centre's mission is to evaluate and highlight the many values of biodiversity and put authoritative biodiversity knowledge at the centre of decision-making. Through the analysis and synthesis of global biodiversity knowledge the Centre provides authoritative, strategic and timely information for conventions, countries and organisations to use in the development and implementation of their policies and decisions. The UNEP-WCMC provides objective and scientifically rigorous procedures and services.
    [Show full text]
  • 08E – CHAMOIS (GAMSWILD)
    U.S. Forces Europe Hunting, Fishing, and Sport Shooting Program Guide to Hunting in Germany 08e – CHAMOIS (GAMSWILD) Breeding season (Brunftzeit): November Gestation period: 20-21 weeks Young are born: May (one, sometimes two) Teeth: 32 Males: Gamsbock Females: Geiss Fawns: Kitz Herd: Rudel Based on fossils, scientists believe that some 100,000 years ago, ancestors of chamois known in Europe today originally migrated from Central Asia. These populations were wiped out during the last ice-age, except for chamois that are located in the Apennine and the Pyrenees mountain ranges. When the glaciers melted away, about 10,000 years ago, another Chamois migration from Asia led to a re-population of Eastern and Central Europe, except for Scandinavia and the British Islands. 08e-1 U.S. Forces Europe Hunting, Fishing, and Sport Shooting Program Guide to Hunting in Germany As a true mountain animal, Chamois lived mainly in regions with rocks and steep cliffs and outside the forest. With the increasing extension of forest on the former taiga landscape, Chamois became restricted to Alpine areas. In this sense, “Alpine” means regions above the forest line. These were mainly the Carpathians, the Tatras, the Dinarids, the Alps, the Apennines, and the Pyrenees. Aside from alpine regions, Chamois have also been introduced successfully to some parts in Europe (Schwarzwald and Elbsandsteingebirge, Germany), and to New Zealand. The chamois is a member of the family Bovidae. Chamois is a very distinct genus, with no close relatives in the world of cloven hoofed game. The Serau and the Goral, both in Central Asia, and the Snow Goat in North America are considered the closest relatives.
    [Show full text]
  • Serologic Surveys for Natural Foci of Contagious Ecthyma Infection
    FI.NAL REP.ORT (R.ESEARCH) State: Alaska Cooperators: Randall L. Zarnke and Kenneth A. Neiland Project No.: W-21-1 Project Title: Big Game Investigations Job No.: l8.1R Job Title: Serologic Surveys for Natural Foci of contag1ous Ecthyma Infection Period Covered: July 1, 1979 to J~~? ~0, 1~80 SUMMARY Contagious ecthyma (C. E. ) antibody prevalence in domestic sheep and goats in Interior Alaska du~ing 1978 was quite low (7-10%). This suggested a low level of transmission of the virus among these species during this time period. C. E. antibody prevalence in Dall sheep increased .from 30 percent in 1971 to 100 percent in 1978. This suggested an increased level of transmission to, and/or among, these animals during this period. Following a C.E. epizootic in a band of captive Dall sheep in 1977, antibody prevalence was 80 percent in this group of sheep. Less than l year later, prevalence had dropped to 10 percent in the ·same band. Thus it appeared that antibody produced in response to this . strain of C.E. is short-lived. Antibody was also detected in 10 of 22 free­ ranging muskoxen taken by sport hunters on Nunivak Island in 1978. Detectable antibody levels were not found in any of 19 muskoxen captured on the island in 1979. No antibody was found in a small number of captive muskoxen from Unalakleet. Several of the captive muskoxen were ·known to have been infected with C.E. within 1 to 2 years prior to the time of sampling. This further substantiates the belief that anti­ body produced in response to infection by the Alaskan strain of C.E.
    [Show full text]
  • Infectious Diseases of Saiga Antelopes and Domestic Livestock in Kazakhstan
    Infectious diseases of saiga antelopes and domestic livestock in Kazakhstan Monica Lundervold University of Warwick, UK June 2001 1 Chapter 1 Introduction This thesis combines an investigation of the ecology of a wild ungulate, the saiga antelope (Saiga tatarica, Pallas), with epidemiological work on the diseases that this species shares with domestic livestock. The main focus is on foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) and brucellosis. The area of study was Kazakhstan (located in Central Asia, Figure 1.1), home to the largest population of saiga antelope in the world (Bekenov et al., 1998). Kazakhstan's independence from the Soviet Union in 1991 led to a dramatic economic decline, accompanied by a massive reduction in livestock numbers and a virtual collapse in veterinary services (Goskomstat, 1996; Morin, 1998a). As the rural economy has disintegrated, the saiga has suffered a dramatic increase in poaching (Bekenov et al., 1998). Thus the investigation reported in this thesis includes ecological, epidemiological and socio-economic aspects, all of which were necessary in order to gain a full picture of the dynamics of the infectious diseases of saigas and livestock in Kazakhstan. The saiga is an interesting species to study because it is one of the few wildlife populations in the world that has been successfully managed for commercial hunting over a period of more than 40 years (Milner-Gulland, 1994a). Its location in Central Asia, an area that was completely closed to foreigners during the Soviet era, means that very little information on the species and its management has been available in western literature. The diseases that saigas share with domestic livestock have been a particular focus of this study because of the interesting issues related to veterinary care and disease control in the Former Soviet Union (FSU).
    [Show full text]
  • Anaplasma Phagocytophilum and Babesia Species Of
    pathogens Article Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Babesia Species of Sympatric Roe Deer (Capreolus capreolus), Fallow Deer (Dama dama), Sika Deer (Cervus nippon) and Red Deer (Cervus elaphus) in Germany Cornelia Silaghi 1,2,*, Julia Fröhlich 1, Hubert Reindl 3, Dietmar Hamel 4 and Steffen Rehbein 4 1 Institute of Comparative Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Leopoldstr. 5, 80802 Munich, Germany; [email protected] 2 Institute of Infectology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald Insel Riems, Germany 3 Tierärztliche Fachpraxis für Kleintiere, Schießtrath 12, 92709 Moosbach, Germany; [email protected] 4 Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica GmbH, Kathrinenhof Research Center, Walchenseestr. 8-12, 83101 Rohrdorf, Germany; [email protected] (D.H.); steff[email protected] (S.R.) * Correspondence: cornelia.silaghi@fli.de; Tel.: +49-0-383-5171-172 Received: 15 October 2020; Accepted: 18 November 2020; Published: 20 November 2020 Abstract: (1) Background: Wild cervids play an important role in transmission cycles of tick-borne pathogens; however, investigations of tick-borne pathogens in sika deer in Germany are lacking. (2) Methods: Spleen tissue of 74 sympatric wild cervids (30 roe deer, 7 fallow deer, 22 sika deer, 15 red deer) and of 27 red deer from a farm from southeastern Germany were analyzed by molecular methods for the presence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Babesia species. (3) Results: Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Babesia DNA was demonstrated in 90.5% and 47.3% of the 74 combined wild cervids and 14.8% and 18.5% of the farmed deer, respectively. Twelve 16S rRNA variants of A. phagocytophilum were delineated.
    [Show full text]
  • Does Selection on Horn Length of Males and Females Differ in Protected and Hunted Populations of a Weakly Dimorphic Ungulate?
    Received: 2 November 2016 | Revised: 2 March 2017 | Accepted: 7 March 2017 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.2963 ORIGINAL RESEARCH Does selection on horn length of males and females differ in protected and hunted populations of a weakly dimorphic ungulate? Luca Corlatti1,2,3 | Ilse Storch2 | Flurin Filli4 | Pia Anderwald4 1Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany Abstract 2Chair of Wildlife Ecology and Management, Weaponry in ungulates may be costly to grow and maintain, and different selective University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany pressures in males and females may lead to sex- biased natural survival. Sexual differ- 3Institute of Wildlife Biology and Game ences in the relationship between weapon growth and survival may increase under Management, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Vienna, Austria anthropogenic selection through culling, for example because of trophy hunting. 4Swiss National Park, Chastè Planta- Selection on weaponry growth under different scenarios has been largely investigated Wildenberg, Zernez, Switzerland in males of highly dimorphic ungulates, for which survival costs (either natural or hunt- Correspondence ing related) are thought to be greatest. Little is known, however, about the survival Luca Corlatti, Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, costs of weaponry in males and females of weakly dimorphic species. We collected Germany. information on horn length and age at death/shooting of 407 chamois Rupicapra rupi- Email: [email protected] capra in a protected population and in two hunted populations with different hunting Funding information regimes, to explore sexual differences in the selection on early horn growth under The research leading to these results has received funding from the People Programme contrasting selective pressures.
    [Show full text]
  • Cic Pheonotype List Caprinae©
    v. 5.25.12 CIC PHEONOTYPE LIST CAPRINAE © ARGALI 1. Altai Argali Ovis ammon ammon (aka Altay Argali) 2. Khangai Argali Ovis ammon darwini (aka Hangai & Mid Altai Argali) 3. Gobi Argali Ovis ammon darwini 4. Northern Chinese Argali - extinct Ovis ammon jubata (aka Shansi & Jubata Argali) 5. Northern Tibetan Argali Ovis ammon hodgsonii (aka Gansu & Altun Shan Argali) 6. Tibetan Argali Ovis ammon hodgsonii (aka Himalaya Argali) 7. Kuruk Tagh Argali Ovis ammon adametzi (aka Kuruktag Argali) 8. Karaganda Argali Ovis ammon collium (aka Kazakhstan & Semipalatinsk Argali) 9. Sair Argali Ovis ammon sairensis 10. Dzungarian Argali Ovis ammon littledalei (aka Littledale’s Argali) 11. Tian Shan Argali Ovis ammon karelini (aka Karelini Argali) 12. Kyrgyz Argali Ovis ammon humei (aka Kashgarian & Hume’s Argali) 13. Pamir Argali Ovis ammon polii (aka Marco Polo Argali) 14. Kara Tau Argali Ovis ammon nigrimontana (aka Bukharan & Turkestan Argali) 15. Nura Tau Argali Ovis ammon severtzovi (aka Kyzyl Kum & Severtzov Argali) MOUFLON 16. Tyrrhenian Mouflon Ovis aries musimon (aka Sardinian & Corsican Mouflon) 17. Introd. European Mouflon Ovis aries musimon (aka European Mouflon) 18. Cyprus Mouflon Ovis aries ophion (aka Cyprian Mouflon) 19. Konya Mouflon Ovis gmelini anatolica (aka Anatolian & Turkish Mouflon) 20. Armenian Mouflon Ovis gmelini gmelinii (aka Transcaucasus or Asiatic Mouflon, regionally as Arak Sheep) 21. Esfahan Mouflon Ovis gmelini isphahanica (aka Isfahan Mouflon) 22. Larestan Mouflon Ovis gmelini laristanica (aka Laristan Mouflon) URIALS 23. Transcaspian Urial Ovis vignei arkal (Depending on locality aka Kopet Dagh, Ustyurt & Turkmen Urial) 24. Bukhara Urial Ovis vignei bocharensis 25. Afghan Urial Ovis vignei cycloceros 26.
    [Show full text]
  • Dama Dama. by George A
    MAMMALIAN SPECIES No. 317, pp. 1-8,3 figs. Dama dama. By George A. Feldharner, Kelly C. Farris-Renner, and Celeste M. Barker Published 27 December 1988 by The American Society of Mammalogists Dama dama (Linnaeus, 1758) Detailed descripti ons of the skull and dentition of European fallow deer are in Flerov (19 52), and Harrison (1968) described Persian Fallow Deer fallow deer. Cercus dum a Linnaeus, 1758 :67. T ype locality Sweden (introduced). Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/mspecies/article/doi/10.2307/3504141/2600626 by guest on 29 September 2021 Ty pe spec ies of Duma Frisch. 1775 validated by plenary GENERAL CHARACTERS. Pelage coloration is the most powers. var iable of any spec ies of deer, with four main color varieties: white. Plat vccros plinii Zimmer ma n, 1780: 129. Renamin g of duma. men il, common (typical), and black (Chapm an and Chapm an. 1975). Cercus platvccros G. Cuvier , 1798:160. Renaming of dama. Int ermediat e pelage colors are cream. sandy , silver-grey, and sooty C NI'IIS mauricus F. Cuvier, 18 16:72. No localit y given. (Whitehead. 1972). Typical pelage is darker on the dorsal surface Ccr ru s (I)ama) m esopot amicus Brooke. 1875:26 4. Type localit y than the ventral sur face . ches t. and lower legs. A black dor sal stripe Khuzistan, Luristan (Persia). Ir an . ext end s from the na pe of the neck to the tip of the tail and around the upper edge of the white rump patch. T ypically. white spots are CONTEXT AND CONTENT.
    [Show full text]
  • Effect of Domestic Sheep on Chamois Activity, Distribution and Abundance on Sub-Alpine Pastures
    CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by RERO DOC Digital Library Eur J Wildl Res (2008) 54:110–116 DOI 10.1007/s10344-007-0118-y ORIGINAL PAPER Effect of domestic sheep on chamois activity, distribution and abundance on sub-alpine pastures Silvan Rüttimann & Marco Giacometti & Alan G. McElligott Received: 21 December 2006 /Revised: 1 May 2007 /Accepted: 11 June 2007 / Published online: 4 July 2007 # Springer-Verlag 2007 Abstract Resource competition and disease transmission time feeding, spatial distribution and numbers of chamois may occur when domestic and wild ungulates live did not change in response. Sheep were responsible for all sympatricly. We investigated if the release of sheep (Ovis encounters in which the two species came closer than 50 m aries) onto alpine pasture in Switzerland affected chamois to each other. The encounters were brief, body contact (Rupicapra rupicapra) activity budgets, local population never occurred, they were not concentrated at saltlicks and size and spatial distribution. We also evaluated the risk of chamois mainly ended them. The results suggest that the transmission of Mycoplasma conjunctivae (causing a presence of sheep had little effect on the chamois. However, contagious eye disease) from sheep to chamois by competition between the two species could still be occur- examining if the two species had close contact with one ring over a longer time scale. Finally, we found that the risk another. We carried out the study in an alpine valley of inter-specific transmission of IKC through direct body containing two adjacent areas: one containing sheep contact is likely to be low, but the risk through indirect (Fochsenflue) and one where sheep were excluded means (flies or aerosols) remains.
    [Show full text]
  • Whole-Genome Sequencing of Wild Siberian Musk
    Yi et al. BMC Genomics (2020) 21:108 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-020-6495-2 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Whole-genome sequencing of wild Siberian musk deer (Moschus moschiferus) provides insights into its genetic features Li Yi1†, Menggen Dalai2*†, Rina Su1†, Weili Lin3, Myagmarsuren Erdenedalai4, Batkhuu Luvsantseren4, Chimedragchaa Chimedtseren4*, Zhen Wang3* and Surong Hasi1* Abstract Background: Siberian musk deer, one of the seven species, is distributed in coniferous forests of Asia. Worldwide, the population size of Siberian musk deer is threatened by severe illegal poaching for commercially valuable musk and meat, habitat losses, and forest fire. At present, this species is categorized as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List. However, the genetic information of Siberian musk deer is largely unexplored. Results: Here, we produced 3.10 Gb draft assembly of wild Siberian musk deer with a contig N50 of 29,145 bp and a scaffold N50 of 7,955,248 bp. We annotated 19,363 protein-coding genes and estimated 44.44% of the genome to be repetitive. Our phylogenetic analysis reveals that wild Siberian musk deer is closer to Bovidae than to Cervidae. Comparative analyses showed that the genetic features of Siberian musk deer adapted in cold and high-altitude environments. We sequenced two additional genomes of Siberian musk deer constructed demographic history indicated that changes in effective population size corresponded with recent glacial epochs. Finally, we identified several candidate genes that may play a role in the musk secretion based on transcriptome analysis. Conclusions: Here, we present a high-quality draft genome of wild Siberian musk deer, which will provide a valuable genetic resource for further investigations of this economically important musk deer.
    [Show full text]
  • Preliminary Studies on the Etiology of Keratoconjunctivitis in Reindeer (Rangifer Tarandus Tarandus) Calves in Alaska
    Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 44(4), 2008, pp. 1051–1055 # Wildlife Disease Association 2008 Preliminary Studies on the Etiology of Keratoconjunctivitis in Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) Calves in Alaska Alina L. Evans,1,5 Russell F. Bey,1 James V. Schoster,2 James E. Gaarder,3 and Gregory L. Finstad4 1 Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, 1971 Commonwealth Ave., St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, USA; 2 Animal Eye Consultants of Minnesota, Roseville, Minnesota 55113, USA; 3 Veterinary Eye Specialists, 1921 W Diamond Blvd., Suite 108, Anchorage, Alaska, 99515, USA; 4 Reindeer Research Program, University of Alaska, PO Box 757200, Fairbanks, Alaska, 99775; 5 Corresponding author (email: [email protected]) ABSTRACT: Keratoconjunctivitis outbreaks oc- and possibly contagious eye disease that cur each summer in reindeer (Rangifer tar- can leave animals blind or with impaired andus tarandus) herds in western Alaska, USA. vision. Keratoconjunctivitis is seen annu- This condition has not been well characterized nor has a definitive primary etiologic agent ally during the summer reindeer handlings been identified. We evaluated the eyes of 660 on the Seward Peninsula (Reindeer Re- calves near Nome, Alaska, between 29 June and search Program, University of Alaska 14 July 2005. Clinical signs of keratoconjuncti- Fairbanks, unpubl. data). vitis were observed in 26/660 calves (3.9%). Infectious keratoconjunctivitis has been Samples were collected from the conjunctival studied in numerous other species. In sac of both affected (n522) and unaffected (n524) animals for bacterial culture, enzyme- cattle, the primary pathogen has been linked immunosorbent assay testing for Chla- identified to be the piliated form of mydophila psittaci, and for polymerase chain Moraxella bovis (Ruehl et al., 1988).
    [Show full text]