Prospects for Rewilding with Camelids
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To Pig out to Pig
unclean meats. Cornelius was a Gentile. Gentiles were animals were not created for food. like pigs to the Israelites, they were unclean. This How can I pray over a piece of unclean meat and make it Gentile loved the Hebrew God, prayed, and gave clean….its body chemistry did not change. God did not To Pig Out money to the poor. The Father wanted Cornelius to change. He did not make it clean just because I want it. Go know His Son Jesus, and to be filled with the Holy back to Is. 65 & 66 and remember the distaste that God Or Spirit. Therefore the vision: unclean animals which the Creator of all things, has for pig. Do you want to be the Father says; “Get up, Peter. Kill and smoke in the nostrils of God? I truly pray that many of eat.” (vs.10:13) Peters reply? “No Lord?” I have you will not just discard this pamphlet as trash, but will never eaten anything impure or unclean vs. 14. This honestly seek the Father’s Word for your answers, then To Opt Out story takes place years after the death of Jesus. Peter, show Him you love Him by keeping His commandments. by this statement is saying that the Food Laws were It is obedience that shows Him how much you trust Him never changed by Jesus. Then the Father speaks a to be true to His Word. For He alone protects it and will second time, “Do not call anything impure that God cause every Word to come to pass. -
Wild Or Bactrian Camel French: German: Wildkamel Spanish: Russian: Dikiy Verblud Chinese
1 of 4 Proposal I / 7 PROPOSAL FOR INCLUSION OF SPECIES ON THE APPENDICES OF THE CONVENTION ON THE CONSERVATION OF MIGRATORY SPECIES OF WILD ANIMALS A. PROPOSAL: Inclusion of the Wild camel Camelus bactrianus in Appendix I of the Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals: B. PROPONENT: Mongolia C. SUPPORTING STATEMENT 1. Taxon 1.1. Classis: Mammalia 1.2. Ordo: Tylopoda 1.3. Familia: Camelidae 1.4. Genus: Camelus 1.5. Species: Camelus bactrianus Linnaeus, 1758 1.6. Common names: English: Wild or Bactrian camel French: German: Wildkamel Spanish: Russian: Dikiy verblud Chinese: 2. Biological data 2.1. Distribution Wild populations are restricted to 3 small, remnant populations in China and Mongolia:in the Taklamakan Desert, the deserts around Lop Nur, and the area in and around region A of Mongolia’s Great Gobi Strict Protected Area (Reading et al 2000). In addition, there is a small semi-captive herd of wild camels being maintained and bred outside of the Park. 2.2. Population Surveys over the past several decades have suggested a marked decline in wild bactrian camel numbers and reproductive success rates (Zhirnov and Ilyinsky 1986, Anonymous 1988, Tolgat and Schaller 1992, Tolgat 1995). Researchers suggest that fewer than 500 camels remain in Mongolia and that their population appears to be declining (Xiaoming and Schaller 1996). Globally, scientists have recently suggested that less than 900 individuals survive in small portions of Mongolia and China (Tolgat and Schaller 1992, Hare 1997, Tolgat 1995, Xiaoming and Schaller 1996). However, most of the population estimates from both China and Mongolia were made using methods which preclude rigorous population estimation. -
Camelids: New Players in the International Animal Production Context
Tropical Animal Health and Production (2020) 52:903–913 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-019-02197-2 REVIEWS Camelids: new players in the international animal production context Mousa Zarrin1 & José L. Riveros2 & Amir Ahmadpour1,3 & André M. de Almeida4 & Gaukhar Konuspayeva5 & Einar Vargas- Bello-Pérez6 & Bernard Faye7 & Lorenzo E. Hernández-Castellano8 Received: 30 October 2019 /Accepted: 22 December 2019 /Published online: 2 January 2020 # Springer Nature B.V. 2020 Abstract The Camelidae family comprises the Bactrian camel (Camelus bactrianus), the dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius), and four species of South American camelids: llama (Lama glama),alpaca(Lama pacos)guanaco(Lama guanicoe), and vicuña (Vicugna vicugna). The main characteristic of these species is their ability to cope with either hard climatic conditions like those found in arid regions (Bactrian and dromedary camels) or high-altitude landscapes like those found in South America (South American camelids). Because of such interesting physiological and adaptive traits, the interest for these animals as livestock species has increased considerably over the last years. In general, the main animal products obtained from these animals are meat, milk, and hair fiber, although they are also used for races and work among other activities. In the near future, climate change will likely decrease agricultural areas for animal production worldwide, particularly in the tropics and subtropics where competition with crops for human consumption is a major problem already. In such conditions, extensive animal production could be limited in some extent to semi-arid rangelands, subjected to periodical draughts and erratic patterns of rainfall, severely affecting conventional livestock production, namely cattle and sheep. -
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C:9 238 Studies on Curing, Aging and_Smoking_of_Camel_Meat. II- Microbiological and Sensory Evaluation. E. T. EL-Asnwah, Salwa B. El-Magoli and M. M. Ibrahim. Dept, of Food. Sci. & Tech. Collage of Agric. Cairo University. Egypt. Introduction: Camel meat is considered as one of the toughest meat in Egypt. If camel meat could ^ plJt zed by aging, smoking and chill storage treatments while conserving other quality ritional attributes, its consumption would increase especially from elder animals. Meat structure can be considered in its simplest form to be a collection of p a rilieljher a ü ’' V^ the myofibrillar structure bound together by a connective tissue network of collQeI iCn » cot The physical properties of the myofibrillar fibers could be affected by (a) aging fit ns myofxhrillarmyofibrillar per se (.uavez(Davez andana Dickson,uicsson, i^/ui1970), , whilew u u e piuuuuxiiijproducing smallomaij. and^insig^^gonu 313fia comitant changes in the connective tissue (Bouton et al., 1973); (b) loss of molS.lit'-*1“ . ^ other changes produced by cooking (Bouton and Harris, 1972) and (c) increased^my contraction which increased muscle fiber diameter (Herring et al., 1967 b). The tissue would be affected by factors including: (a) changes in spatial orientation of collagen fibers in the connective tissue network related to myofibrillar- - - - - - contrac■ — ctr1^ _i ay. #i (Rowe, 1974) and (b) changes in the collagen produced by cooking and related to a . ifl / (Herring et al., 1967 a). Bouton et al., 1975 found that shear force values were n tegt3 _ ced by the muscle fiber properties than b'y the connective tissue properties, A}’ would be influenced by connective tissues as well as by the fiber properties. -
Bactrian Camel, Two-Humped Camel
Camelus ferus/bactrianus Common name: Bactrian camel, two-humped camel Local name: Havtagai (Mongolian), Wildkamel (German), Jya nishpa yapung (Ladakhi) Classification: Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Order: Artiodactyla Family: Camelidae Genus: Camelus Species: ferus/bactrianus Profile: The scientific name of the wild Bactrian camel is Camelus ferus, while the domesticated form is called Camelus bactrianus. The distinctive feature of the animal is that it is two-humped whereas the Dromedary camel has a single hump. DNA tests have revealed that there are two or three distinct genetic differences and about 3% base difference between the wild and domestic populations of Bactrian camels. They also differ physically. The wild Bactrian camel is smaller and slender than the domestic breed. The wild camels have a sandy gray- brown coat while the domestic ones have a dark brown coat. The predominant difference between them however is the shape of the humps. While that of the wild camel are small and pyramid-like, those of the domestic ones are large and irregular. The face of a Bactrian camel is long and triangular with a split upper lip. The Bactrian camel is highly adapted to surviving the cold desert climate. Each foot has an undivided sole with two large toes that can spread wide apart for walking on sand. The ears and nose are lined with hair to protect against sand and the muscular nostrils can be closed during sandstorms. The eyes are protected from sand and debris by a double layer of long eyelashes while bushy eyebrows give protection from the sun. It grows a thick shaggy coat during winter, which is shed very rapidly in spring to give the animal a shorn look. -
Characterization of Caseins from Mongolian Yak, Khainak, and Bactrian Camel B Ochirkhuyag, Jm Chobert, M Dalgalarrondo, Y Choiset, T Haertlé
Characterization of caseins from Mongolian yak, khainak, and bactrian camel B Ochirkhuyag, Jm Chobert, M Dalgalarrondo, Y Choiset, T Haertlé To cite this version: B Ochirkhuyag, Jm Chobert, M Dalgalarrondo, Y Choiset, T Haertlé. Characterization of caseins from Mongolian yak, khainak, and bactrian camel. Le Lait, INRA Editions, 1997, 77 (5), pp.601-613. hal-00929550 HAL Id: hal-00929550 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00929550 Submitted on 1 Jan 1997 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Lait (1997) 77, 601-613 601 © Eisevier/Inra Original article Characterization of caseins from Mongolian yak, khainak, and bactrian cam el B Ochirkhuyag 2, lM Chobert 1*, M Dalgalarrondo 1, Y Choiset 1, T Haertlé ' 1 Laboratoire d'étude des interactions des molécules alimentaires, Inra, rue de la Géraudière, BP 71627, 44316 Nantes cedex 03, France; 2 Institute of Chemistry, Academy of Sciences, Vlan Bator, Mongolia (Received 25 November 1996; accepted 5 May 1997) Summary - The composition of acid-precipitated caseins from ruminant Mongolian domestic ani- maIs was analyzed and a comparative study between camel (Camelus bactrianus) and dromedary (Camelus dromedarius) was realized. Acid-precipitated whole caseins were analyzed for ami no acid composition, separated by anion exchange chromatography and identified by alkaline urea-PAGE. -
An Analysis of Male-Male Aggression in Guanaco Male Groups Paul E
Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Retrospective Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 1-1-1982 An analysis of male-male aggression in guanaco male groups Paul E. Wilson Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd Part of the Agriculture Commons Recommended Citation Wilson, Paul E., "An analysis of male-male aggression in guanaco male groups" (1982). Retrospective Theses and Dissertations. 17460. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd/17460 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Retrospective Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. An analysis of male-male aggression in guanaco mal~ groups by Paul E. Wilson, Jr. A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE Major: Animal Ecology Signatures have been redacted for privacy Signatures have been redacted for privacy Iowa State University Ames, Iowa 1982 1 417353 ii TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE ABSTRACT • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 1 INTRODUCTION • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 3 METHODS • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 7 Study Area • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 7 Male Identification and Age Classes • • • • • • • • • 8 Male Group Dynamics • • -
Cuticle and Cortical Cell Morphology of Alpaca and Other Rare Animal Fibres
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Repositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Chota The Journal of The Textile Institute ISSN: 0040-5000 (Print) 1754-2340 (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/tjti20 Cuticle and cortical cell morphology of alpaca and other rare animal fibres B. A. McGregor & E. C. Quispe Peña To cite this article: B. A. McGregor & E. C. Quispe Peña (2017): Cuticle and cortical cell morphology of alpaca and other rare animal fibres, The Journal of The Textile Institute, DOI: 10.1080/00405000.2017.1368112 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00405000.2017.1368112 Published online: 18 Sep 2017. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 7 View related articles View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=tjti20 Download by: [181.64.24.124] Date: 25 September 2017, At: 13:39 THE JOURNAL OF THE TEXTILE INSTITUTE, 2017 https://doi.org/10.1080/00405000.2017.1368112 Cuticle and cortical cell morphology of alpaca and other rare animal fibres B. A. McGregora and E. C. Quispe Peñab aInstitute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia; bNational University Autonoma de Chota, Chota, Peru ABSTRACT ARTICLE HISTORY The null hypothesis of the experiments reported is that the cuticle and cortical morphology of rare Received 6 March 2017 animal fibres are similar. The investigation also examined if the productivity and age of alpacas were Accepted 11 August 2017 associated with cuticle morphology and if seasonal nutritional conditions were related to cuticle scale KEYWORDS frequency. -
Ostrich Production Systems Part I: a Review
11111111111,- 1SSN 0254-6019 Ostrich production systems Food and Agriculture Organization of 111160mmi the United Natiorp str. ro ucti s ct1rns Part A review by Dr M.M. ,,hanawany International Consultant Part II Case studies by Dr John Dingle FAO Visiting Scientist Food and , Agriculture Organization of the ' United , Nations Ot,i1 The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. M-21 ISBN 92-5-104300-0 Reproduction of this publication for educational or other non-commercial purposes is authorized without any prior written permission from the copyright holders provided the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction of this publication for resale or other commercial purposes is prohibited without written permission of the copyright holders. Applications for such permission, with a statement of the purpose and extent of the reproduction, should be addressed to the Director, Information Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Viale dells Terme di Caracalla, 00100 Rome, Italy. C) FAO 1999 Contents PART I - PRODUCTION SYSTEMS INTRODUCTION Chapter 1 ORIGIN AND EVOLUTION OF THE OSTRICH 5 Classification of the ostrich in the animal kingdom 5 Geographical distribution of ratites 8 Ostrich subspecies 10 The North -
North Carolina Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services Veterinary Division
North Carolina Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services Veterinary Division North Carolina Premise Registration Form A complete application should be emailed to [email protected], faxed to (919)733-2277, or mailed to: NC Department of Agriculture Veterinary Division 1030 Mail Service Center Raleigh, NC 27699-1030 If needed, check the following: ☐ Cattle Tags ☐ Swine Tags Premises Owner Account Information Business/Farm Name: Business Type: ☐Individual ☐Incorporated ☐Partnership ☐ LLC ☐ LLP ☐ Government Entity ☐Non-Profit Organization Primary Contact: Phone Number: Mailing Address: City: State: Zip: County: Email Address: Secondary Contact (Optional): Phone Number: Premises Information: Primary location where livestock reside. If animals are managed on separate locations, apply for multiple premises ID’s. Premises Type: ☐Production Unit/Farm/Ranch ☐Market/Collection Point ☐Exhibition ☐Clinic ☐Laboratory ☐ Non-Producer Participant (ie: DHIA, non-animal perm, etc.) ☐Slaughter Plant ☐Other: Premises Name: Premises Address (If different from mailing address): City: State: Zip: County: GPS Coordinates at Entrance (If known): Latitude N Longitude W Species Information: Check all that apply. Quantities of animals are only reported to the state database. This information is protected by GS 106-24.1. This and all other statues can be viewed at www.ncleg.net. If you grow poultry or swine on a contract for a corporation, please indicate production system and corporation for which you grow. Cattle Quantity Equine Quantity Goats Quantity Sheep -
South American Camelids – Origin of the Species
SOUTH AMERICAN CAMELIDS – ORIGIN OF THE SPECIES PLEISTOCENE ANCESTOR Old World Camels VicunaLLAMA Guanaco Alpaca Hybrids Lama Dromedary Bactrian LAMA Llamas were not always confined to South America; abundant llama-like remains were found in Pleistocene deposits in the Rocky Mountains and in Central America. Some of the fossil llamas were much larger than current forms. Some species remained in North America during the last ice ages. Llama-like animals would have been a common sight in 25,000 years ago, in modern-day USA. The camelid lineage has a good fossil record indicating that North America was the original home of camelids, and that Old World camels crossed over via the Bering land bridge & after the formation of the Isthmus of Panama three million years ago; it allowed camelids to spread to South America as part of the Great American Interchange, where they evolved further. Meanwhile, North American camelids died out about 40 million years ago. Alpacas and vicuñas are in genus Vicugna. The genera Lama and Vicugna are, with the two species of true camels. Alpaca (Vicugna pacos) is a domesticated species of South American camelid. It resembles a small llama in superficial appearance. Alpacas and llamas differ in that alpacas have straight ears and llamas have banana-shaped ears. Aside from these differences, llamas are on average 30 to 60 centimeters (1 to 2 ft) taller and proportionally bigger than alpacas. Alpacas are kept in herds that graze on the level heights of the Andes of Ecuador, southern Peru, northern Bolivia, and northern Chile at an altitude of 3,500 m (11,000 ft) to 5,000 m (16,000 ft) above sea-level, throughout the year. -
1 BOARD of ANIMAL HEALTH Subpart 2 Chapter 12 Sheep And
BOARD OF ANIMAL HEALTH Subpart 2 Chapter 12 Sheep and Goats 109 All sheep and goats, except those for immediate slaughter shall be accompanied by an official certificate of veterinary inspection (OCVI) and shall comply with the following: 1. Intact sheep and goats require individual identification by an official USDA Scrapie eartag, brand, or tattoo recorded on the OCVI. 2. “I certify these animals are free of clinical signs of the diseases contagious footrot, keratoconjunctivitis, contagious ecthyma (Orf), scabies and lice and that the sexually intact animals represented on this form are not known to be scrapie- positive, suspect, high risk, or exposed, and did not originate from a known infected, source, exposed, or noncompliant flock.” 3. When originating from an area known to have scabies, must be dipped within ten (10) days immediately preceding the date of entry in an USDA approved dip, and maintained on absolutely clean premises until delivered to the final destination. Dairy goats and dairy sheep maintained separate from other sheep and goats are exempt from dipping when certified free of scabies on OCVI. 4. Dairy goats and dairy sheep over 6 months of age must be negative to an official tuberculin test and an official brucellosis test made within 30 days immediately preceding date of entry. 5. All sheep and goats for immediate slaughter shall be consigned to a recognized slaughtering establishment on either an OCVI or permit or waybill or inspection certification from federally inspected stockyards. In either instance, a copy shall accompany sheep and goats and a copy shall be forwarded to the State Veterinarian of Mississippi.