DEPARTMENT OF GLOBAL HEALTH & SOCIAL MEDICINE 2019 Summer Summer

Graduation is a wonderful event and a great way to celebrate our Contents student’s achievement with family and friends. I look forward to seeing NEWS 2 many of you there in July in the Royal Festival Hall! FEATURES 5 his year, we’ve once again had a On the research front, I am delighted to OUTREACH 8 very active programme of student let you know about GHSM’s recent grant FIELD REPORT 9 Tengagement. Dr James Fletcher successes. Dr Carlo Caduff was awarded continues to lead on careers – and I hope a Wellcome Trust Investigator Award to PUBLICATIONS 11 you’ve enjoyed and benefited from the investigate cancer care in India. Professor STAFF PROFILES 12 activities and events organised by GHSM, Anne Pollock was awarded an American including our Careers Talk with Dr Tim Council of Learned Society Fellowship for Reed from Health Action International. her work on race and biopolitics in the 21st Be sure to engage with King’s Careers & century, and a Wellcome Trust Small Grant Employability, which is open to all students. award to examine race and biomedicine Graduating students can activate their beyond the lab. Professor Mauricio graduate access to King’s CareerConnect Avendano, together with colleagues at in order to continue using the services. I the LSE and the Institute of Psychiatry, also encourage graduates to join the King’s Psychology & Neuroscience, was awarded Alumni Community (see alumni.kcl.ac.uk). an ESRC grant to look at poverty reduction We also have several mobility and mental health amongst young people opportunities for our current students: the from low- and middle-income countries. Tata Social Internship in India, an internship Together with him, I have also been at the Desmond Tutu TB Centre in South awarded an ESRC project to examine how Africa, and our internship programme in varying care systems are associated with The CMP Brazil. Last year, Robert Smith and Mohini inequalities in care and well-being in later Samani were the first King’s students to life. Meanwhile, as this is part of an Open Writing Retreat participate in the Tata Social Internship Area Research call, we will be working in India. Meanwhile, our student, Rachel with colleagues at Vrjie Vrije Universiteit For the fourth year now, the CMP research Morse was awarded an internship at the Amsterdam in the Netherlands, Technical group has enjoyed the coastal village of Desmond Tutu TB Centre in Cape Town, University of Dortmund in Germany and Walberswick as the place to run the annual and reports on her experience in this issue. Keio University in Japan. writing retreat. The village offers a nice Plus, we place four students to attend Finally, I want to thank our students for surprise every year to those of us who join the University of Stellenbosch’s summer completing the NSS, PTES and PRES for the retreat for the first time. The retreat school every year. As per the agreement surveys, which provide us with valuable offered time for our own writing and various with King’s, the summer school is free feedback. creative writing exercises, pushing us out (although students will need to cover their of our writing routines and allowing us to accommodation and flights). flex our writing muscles in different and For those thinking of continuing onto novel ways. A side-effect of the exercises postgraduate study with the Department of was the sharing and reflection over writing Global Health & Social Medicine (GHSM), tips and challenges between all of us. The we have our three-week undergraduate time spent together allowed us to get better module on Global Health & Social Justice. acquainted during break times, meals and This three-week module is part of King’s walks by the sea. The retreat will hopefully Undergraduate Summer School and is a continue yearly, as an opportunity for new great taster for further study (see kcl.ac.uk/ Karen Glaser and returning participants to engage again in study/undergraduate/courses/undergraduate- Professor of Gerontology the rich conversations, and the exercises that summer-school). and GHSM Department Head the retreat offers. NEWS CARE SYSTEMS AND Emerging INEQUALITIES IN CARE AND biotechnologies WELLBEING IN LATER LIFE for global health? Currently, together with Professor Mauricio Avendano, Professor A BIOS workshop Karen Glaser is leading an ESRC funded project investigating how varying care systems are associated with inequalities in care and On 20-21 February, the Biotechnology & Society (BIOS) research group held wellbeing in later life. a tw0-day workshop at Coin Street Neighbourhood Centre, addressing the he first project meeting was held wellbeing of older care recipients and question ‘Emerging biotechnologies for early in April this year. This is part their caregivers. A better understanding of global health?’ The workshop brought Tof a larger Open Research Area the consequences of different care policies together members of BIOS and close (ORA) funded project led by the Vrije for inequalities in care, and caregiver and collaborators to draw out common threads Universiteit Amsterdam, in the Netherlands, care recipient wellbeing, will inform debate of research interest focused on emerging and with the Technical University of on the potential impact of future policy biotechnologies within a global health Dortmund, in Germany, and Keio University decisions. context, and on issues of value. Questions in Japan. The project team combines expertise explored during the workshop included: Our research examines if and how LTC on LTC arrangements, informal care, and • Can emerging biotechnologies contribute (long-term care) reforms exacerbate existing cross-national analyses from demographic, to global health, and if so how? social disparities in care and in caregiver sociological, gerontological, epidemiological • What is a ‘valuable’ emerging and care recipient wellbeing. It investigates and health economic perspectives. Team biotechnology, and what makes it (a) how different long-term care systems members include Dr Ludovico Carrino, valuable in different global and local and recent long-term care reforms are Research Fellow, and Ginevra Floridi, our contexts? associated with socioeconomic inequalities recently appointed Research Associate. A • What do we mean by ‘innovation’ in in care among older adults, and (b) the Research Assistant will also soon be joining relation to emerging biotechnologies, consequences of these inequalities for the the project. and are definitions of innovation identical across the globe? • What are the key debates which shape stakeholder engagement in the politics of emerging biotechnologies?

The workshop demonstrated the diversity of perspectives present in BIOS and their potential complementarity, as they ranged across topics of emerging technologies in healthcare, procreation and reproductive technologies, contemporary solidarity and its many identities in healthcare, the sociology and politics of pharmaceutical innovation, responsible practices in research and innovation, and global mental health and society.

New Research Group: Mental Health and Society

The department's new research group are interdisciplinary MHS will work closely with stakeholders such as mental health researchers focussed on the socio-political dimensions of mental service users and urban policy makers. This research aims to have health and illness in the Global North and South. The group academic impacts, developing theories and concepts, and practical focuses on the social conditions that contribute to mental distress impacts on the lives of those experiencing mental distress. MHS in urban, community and conflict settings, and on exploring the will work closely with other research groups in the Department, most appropriate responses. This group is working across the social as questions of mental health relate to issues of ageing, culture, sciences and humanities, and across disciplinary interfaces from medicine and power, and to emerging biotechnologies and neuroscience to political economy. neurotechnologies.

2 Department of Global Health & Social Medicine NEWS

UNAM-KCL workshop in Mexico City: A GHSM delegation travelled to Mexico on 1–2 April for a bilateral workshop with the UNAM University

King’s College London and UNAM (Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México) held a joint research workshop entitled ‘Challenges for Public Policy in the 21th Century: Mental Health, Ageing and Megacities’.

he joint workshop was organised by Mauricio Avendano The workshop enabled an opportunity to share research findings and Pabon at GHSM in collaboration with Veronica Montes de discuss potential future collaborations between UNAM and King’s. TOca at UNAM Centre for Social Research, with the support The workshop was open to the public, and more than 100 people of the King’s Global Engagement office and UNAM’s Principal office. attended the event including academics, practitioners and policy The workshop featured presentations by Nik Rose, Dominique makers interested in ageing, cities and mental health. Behague, Karen Glaser, Wei Yang, Ludovico Carrino and Mauricio The event was organised to coincide with a visit to Mexico Avendano from GHSM, as well as presentations by the King’s from King’s Principal Edward Byrne to renew an agreement with Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience’s academics UNAM’s Principal Enrique Graue Wiechers to forge relationships Ricardo Araya (Director of King’s Centre for Global Mental Health) and promote academic mobility between the two Universities. and Sara Evans-Lacko.

Public engagement: Symptomspeak goes live bioethics in the media Hanna Kienzler’s new Blog Symptomspeak Instead, these women bravely question Silvia Camporesi was interviewed draws on the intimate testimonies of women these dominant framings by bringing to by Al Jazeera for Inside Story, as well survivors of the Kosovo War and she reveals light hidden or even jettisoned versions as by Vanessa Feltz for BBC London how the experience of living through one of their country’s past, of a fragile political Radio about Caster Semenya and the of the darkest moments in this country’s system and of a possible future as an IAAF ruling on her case, and has had history has impacted on their lives. These independent State. The stories are grouped her work on this topic quoted in the unique and powerful stories tell of mass into three distinct categories to highlight the press, including Vice magazine. She was atrocities, expulsion and loss, of violence, women’s memories of violence and hardship, also interviewed by Adam Rutherford hardship and horror, and of adversity, embodied expressions of distress and what it for BBC Inside Science on 18 April 2019 on survival and hope. They don’t simply takes to heal the inner wounds of war. the ethical implications of the experiment tell us what we already know or repeat carried out at Yale University on reanimating commonly held notions of national history. severed pigs’ heads.

Access the blog here: symptomspeak.com LIKE it on Facebook: facebook.com/SymptomSpeak2018 Follow it on twitter: @symptomspeak

Department of Global Health & Social Medicine 3 NEWS Wellcome Trust Investigator TEACHING Award for Research on RESEARCH Cancer Care in India METHODS

Dr Carlo Caduff has recently received a Wellcome Trust Investigator Award to continue his research in India over the next five years. The project seeks to work in conjunction with local oncologists to improve cancer care for patients. Hanna Kienzler, Nancy Tamimi and ndia is reported to have over one million Soumyendra Saha and introduced him to a Mathias Regent from GHSM, together new cancer patients each year. This cancer centre in Kolkata. The result was with researchers from Birzeit University Inumber is expected to almost double by 80 black and white photographs, capturing in Palestine and Hacettepe University 2035, with cancer set to become one of the the life of the wards. Despite their struggle in Turkey, delivered this international country’s biggest public health challenges. to survive, the people in the photographs training course at Hacettepe University In 2012, India’s flagship cancer hospital, are shown to be waiting, thinking, reading from 15–18 April 2019. The aim was to Tata Memorial in Mumbai responded to and watching – showing the everydayness equip course participants with up-to-date the rapidly growing number of patients behind the deadly disease. ‘Cancer often qualitative research skills and insight into and launched a network of cancer centres. comes with voyeuristic images of shock how to adapt these methods to particularly The National Cancer Grid of India was and horror. In this project, we wanted to vulnerable populations. Participants involved established to decentralise, standardise show another image. If there’s an intensity a group of 29 researchers, health workers and and digitalise oncology, and to develop in the pictures, it comes from the people students with specialities related to public new forms of treatment relevant for low- and their faces; from the ways in which health, psychiatry, demography, social work, and middle-income countries. ‘I will be they face the disease,’ said Dr Caduff. medical ethics and paediatrics, and oncology. leading a team of researchers to analyse 24 stills from the collection were The course was funded by the UK Research the emergence of the grid as a powerful exhibited at The Exchange, King’s College and Innovation ‘GCRF RESEARCH new actor that seeks to redraw the map London. They can be seen online: FOR HEALTH IN CONFLICT’ (R4HC- of cancer care,’ said Dr Caduff. ‘We’ll use instagram.com/24_stills MENA); developing capability, partnerships social science research methods to show ‘The photographs invite you to inhabit and research in the Middle and Near East how a new agenda for global oncology is the reality of the people in the cancer centre,’ (MENA) ES/P010962/1. taking shape today in India.’ said Professor Bronwyn Parry, Head of Previously, Dr Caduff researched the the School of Global Affairs, who opened history of cancer in order to address the the exhibition in February. ‘It provides challenges of the non-communicable disease you with an opportunity to connect, Prizes in the Global South. His work, also funded viscerally, with their and your feelings Nancy Tamimi and Hanna Kienzler won the prize by the Wellcome Trust, examined the about their experience of health and for best poster at the Lancet Palestinian accessibility and affordability of oncology disease, and to reflect on how that is shaped Health Alliance Conference, titled Capacity care in two cancer centres. By chance, he by social and economic circumstance – in building in research methods for mental health came upon a local India street photographer, often profound ways.’ in war and conflict: Needs assessment and training course development in the West Bank.

Michelle Pentecost awarded two small Penelope Quinton won first prize in the grants by the British Academy 2019 King’s College London English Michelle Pentecost attended an event jointly run by the British Academy and the Academy department’s annual of Science in South Africa in Johannesburg in February 2019, where she submitted two Cosmo Davenport applications for collaborative work with partners in South Africa, both of which have been Hines poetry successful. The first, titled 'New Perspectives on Urban Childhoods in Africa' will fund an competition. This interdisciplinary workshop in South Africa in August 2019 that will aim to historicise and year’s competition invited students to submit contextualise experiences and understandings of early childhood development, childhood up to 40 lines on the theme of discovery. and adolescence in Southern Africa. The second, titled 'Health, health care and urban As part of the prize awarded, Pennie’s poem spaces: perspectives from the law and medical humanities' funds a collaboration with scholars Imperial voyages of discovery was published at the Centre for Human Rights at the University of the Free State and builds on Michelle's in the Summer edition of the London work in the field of medical humanities in Africa. Library Magazine on 14 June.

4 Department of Global Health & Social Medicine FEATURE

Vienna calling A new era of exchange? Professor Barbara Prainsack launches her Centre for the Study of Contemporary Solidarity (CeSCoS) at the University of Vienna by Saheli Datta Burton (Visiting Fellow, CeSCoS) and Katharina Kieslich (Research Fellow, CeSCoS)

rofessor Barbara Prainsack distinguished from other types of prosocial A panel discussion on Why do we need launched her Centre for the Study practice, the speakers argued, solidarity Solidarity? chaired by Dr Katharina Kieslich Pof Contemporary Solidarity could serve as ‘an organising principle for (University of Vienna) unleashed a lively and (CeSCoS) in Vienna on the 15 November policies and institutions, to address key controversial debate around the possibility of 2018. CeSCoS is the newest addition to societal challenges such as the reform of a solidarity for all of humanity. The second the Department of Political Science at healthcare systems and the increase of social part of the day, which took place in German the University of Vienna and has already disparities’. Barbara then gave concrete to be accessible also to a local audience, gathered an impressive team of early- examples such as the use of solidarity-based began with a welcome address by the Vice career scholars and PhD students from governance in the context of digital data Rector of the University of Vienna, Professor internationally renowned institutions governance. The organisers of the event also Christa Schnabl followed by an inspirational committed to advancing the contemporary encouraged discussion and debate around keynote speech from Dr Auma Obama, understanding and relevance of the concept CeSCoS’ conceptualisation of solidarity Founder and Director of the Sauti Kuu of Solidarity in research and practice particularly, in relation to the world within Foundation. Sauti Kuu seeks to give a voice (including two former King’s colleagues, which it was situated, to concepts and to financially and socially disadvantaged Dr Katharina Kieslich, School of Population issues of social justice, reciprocity, altruism, children and youth in Kenya and other Health and Environmental Sciences, and relational autonomy and so forth. This in countries on the African continent. Finally, Dr Lukas Schlögl, Department of turn, set the tone for the day and for the Peter Dabrock, Professor at the Friedrich- International Development). The aim group’s take on solidarity studies to explore Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, of the group is to take the dust off this its relationship and relevance to society and Chairperson of the German Ethics seemingly outdated concept and fill it with through multidisciplinary perspectives, Council, rounded up the day by speaking new life; the group believes that solidarity in particular, the ability of its spirit and about the role of solidarity in the digital has much to offer to address some of our concept to shape policy, institutions and age. The ensuing discussion focused on the most pressing societal challenges. The infrastructures that embed solidaristic role of conflict in promoting, or hindering, day-long launch event on 15 November practices in society. solidaristic practice in the 21st century. showcased this through talks by members The morning and afternoon sessions But, what does this mean for GHSM? of CeSCoS and by renowned international (09.30-16.00) featured multidisciplinary A new era of exchange between Vienna and scholars on CeSCoS’ advisory board. talks on the human rights (or its lack London? For those attending the insightful The event – aptly titled Solidarity in of) implications of the multi-layered launch event and came face to face with the research and practice – why now?, aimed interpretations and tensions of solidarity inspiring and dynamic persona of Barbara to reinvigorate a discussion on the use of at transnational level (Professor Carol Gould, Prainsack, it’s a no brainer – of course, the concept of solidarity in contemporary City University NY), the need for greater we want to collaborate with CeSCoS! politics, policy, and other domains state intervention to enhance distributive Opportunities for fruitful collaboration of practice. This was highlighted by and social justice (Professor Linsey McGoey, between GSHM and CeSCoS are clearly Professors Barbara Prainsack’s and her close University of Essex), solidarity in the apparent – especially around the area of collaborator Alena Buyx’s (University of current patient rights paradigm (Professor global health and global justice, digital Munich) introductory speech which argued David Townsend, Maastricht University), and societies, and biopolitics. that solidarity could give concrete guidance enactments of solidarity in real-life contexts for policy and practice. If defined clearly and (Bernard Dichek, filmmaker, Israel).

Department of Global Health & Social Medicine 5 FEATURE Colonial Lineages of Global Fertility Chains

Conference report: Sigrid Vertommen, Bronwyn Parry and Michal Nahman

6 Department of Global Health & Social Medicine On 28 and 29 March, Bronwyn Parry (King’s College London), Michal Nahman (UWE), Edgar Ruiz Lopez and Sigrid Vertommen organised an international workshop on the Colonial Lineages of Global Fertility Chains at King’s College London, as part of a small Wellcome Trust Grant on the political economy of assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs).

uring this intensive two-day surrogacy, egg donation as well as scientific and unmaking life, which are often present workshop, a superb group of early research on stem cells, tissue cultures and and ongoing. We called this ART’s colonial Dcareer and senior ART-researchers regenerative medicine. present. from around the world reflected on the For the social sciences and humanities, Building further on the inspirational on-going her/histories of colonialism IVF and ARTs constituted an important connections that scholars have been making and biocapitalism in-and-through assisted epistemological turning point. Each between political economy, feminist studies, reproductive technologies, practices catalysed fresh and exciting waves of STS and postcolonial studies, we reflected and infrastructures. scholarly debate on the complex ways in on the colonial present of various global The starting point for unpacking these which the biological and the social are co- fertility chains, including surrogacy, egg cell repro-stories in much of the social scientific produced. STS scholars have been studying provision, sperm smuggling, transnational scholarship on ARTs, was 1978, when the the wide array of ‘novelties’ and changes that adoption, slavery and motherhood, and first IVF baby Louise Brown was born, and assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) scrutinised the ongoing colonial relations who has since been followed by more than invoked including new forms of family and between capital accumulation, the five million ‘miracle babies’ worldwide. kinship structures for people who were exploitation of reproductive labour IVF has indeed created many socio- previously excluded from having genetically and the extraction of reproductive life. technical changes. It has fostered the related children, and the new objects In doing so we posed a number of fragmentation of the reproductive body and materialities, properties, markets and key questions: how have infrastructures, into mobile body tissues that can be moved economies, novel identities and subjectivities technologies and practices of reproduction, within and across national borders, and from that such practices bought into being.1 fertility and mothering travelled from the one body to another, depending on their Notwithstanding the novelty of Caribbean sugar plantations to British and reproductive potential. This has resulted these techno-scientific innovations, our American kitchens and bedrooms? How in the emergence of a global industry interdisciplinary workshop sought to shed are Indian surrogates and Spanish egg with new expansive markets and political light on the older, yet ongoing histories and donors made ‘available’ as cheap sources of economies – what we have termed geographies of power that have shaped these reproductive labour and bodily extraction? global fertility chains – in which women, supposedly new reproductive markets. How are settler imaginaries and practices of overwhelmingly from the Global South, This meant considering the (settler) demographic settlement shaping ‘pronatalist’ are increasingly commodifying their colonial, biocapitalist and heteropatriarchal agendas and demands in global fertility reproductive biologies and capacities, genealogies of global fertility chains with chains? Are reproductive technologies working as oocyte vendors, surrogate their highly gendered and racialised modes developed and governed through imperial or carriers and tissue providers to fulfil the of production, social reproduction, labour sub-imperial logics? What are the legacies and reproductive needs of intended parents, who organisation and population control. It meant afterlives of slavery and genocide in shaping are overwhelmingly from the Global North. not only looking at the biopolitical and the racialised and gendered divisions of labour In the medical realm, IVF has served as enabling side of these ‘frontier’ reproductive now evident in global fertility chains? a platform technology for the development technologies’ and the ways they make, These were just some of the questions that of related reproductive techniques and enhance and (re)produce life, babies and were raised during the workshop, and which practices such as intracytoplasmic sperm families, but also taking into account their will be further developed in a special issue injection, pre-implantation genetic diagnosis, necropolitical histories of breaking families for Science as Culture. So stay tuned!

1. This argument has been developed earlier in Vertommen, Sigrid. Assisted Reproductive Technologies at the Frontier: Towards a Decolonial Approach. Science as Culture 24(4): pp. 532-537

Department of Global Health & Social Medicine 7 OUTREACH Reflections on Global Health Research in Cape Town by Rachel Morse

This past summer, I travelled to Cape Town, South Africa to conduct an internship at the Desmond Tutu Tuberculosis (TB) Centre.

was given the chance to work with the The team was extremely welcoming It was clear that the children’s TB treatment social science team at the Centre on a and consistently provided invaluable is extremely difficult for both the child and Ivariety of qualitative research projects advice. I was their colleague and their their caregiver, and as such, the research about child TB in South Africa. It was mentee, allowing me to join in discussions was rewarding and evidently important the summer before my final year at King’s and contribute to the research but also for improving the treatment experience which also gave me the unique opportunity allowing me to ask questions and explore for children and their caregivers. to undertake my dissertation research my interests. While working with this Working on these projects provided throughout the internship. team, I gained an insight into a variety me with an in depth understanding of the My experience during this internship was of paediatric TB studies. For instance, I complexities of treating TB in children invaluable. First, throughout my time in conducted interviews for a project studying in a way that was both challenging and South Africa, I had the chance to observe, children’s and caregivers’ experiences of rewarding. The interdisciplinary nature experience and learn about the complex acceptability (including palatability) of TB of this internship complimented and circumstances contributing to South Africa’s drug regimens. During the project, we spoke contributed to my studies and passion for high TB burden. This was an opportunity with children who had had TB at some point improving global health. Through work that brought my studies to life. I spent the in their lives to learn about how they view with the social science team at the Desmond first two years of my degree learning about the experience. As part of the interviews, Tutu TB Centre, I had the opportunity to the myriad cultural, social, political and we asked the children to be chefs and tell transform my lecture-based learning into historical aspects contributing to health and us how they would make the perfect TB real world experience. Overall, working wellbeing. In South Africa, I saw first- medication, asking questions along the lines with the social science team at the Desmond hand how all of these aspects consistently of the following: what flavour would the Tutu TB Centre enhanced and expanded interact and contribute to the complexity medication be or how would you design a my knowledge while also providing a of eradicating diseases like TB. In addition box for the medicine? All of this provided unique opportunity to work alongside to this, I had the opportunity to conduct an insight into their experience as TB professionals, problem solve and begin to lay research and work alongside an experienced, patients including the difficulty of taking the foundation for a future career in Global knowledgeable team of social science TB medication due to its terrible taste and Health. researchers. long list of side effects.

8 Department of Global Health & Social Medicine FIELD REPORT

Postcard from Geneva Nikolas Rose reports on The Urban Brain Lab: Mental Health, Migration and the Megacity (M3) project from the Brocher Foundation, January 2019.

In the fabulous, snowy and sunny environment of the Brocher Foundation, on the banks of Lac Léman just outside Geneva, our M3 teams from Shanghai, São Paulo and Toronto gathered, together with key urban mental health researchers from several other groups, to assess the current state of our joint work on urban mental health.

n addition to several presentations from showed some of this complexity (de Souza spaces and tactics of urban solace. These each group, we were joined by colleagues Santos, Oxford; Hatch, King’s, London), included Jacob von Uexküll’s conception Ifrom Urban Transformations, and from in some cases combining these with scales of the Umwelt, approaches from cognitive three of the innovative ‘Thrive’ partnerships and other measures of mental health, and ecology and notions of ‘the extended’ and who are developing policies and practices for linking these to the mapping of migration ‘embodied’ mind, and work on the ‘image’ supporting mentally healthy cities – in New and urban space (Andrade and Carvalho, of the city, from the classic papers by Kevin York (ThriveNYC), London (ThriveLDN) São Paulo; Mackenzie and Roche, Wellesley, Lynch to Stanley Milgram’s mental maps. and Toronto (ThriveTO). Our aim was to Toronto). Several groups at the workshop The niche that individuals inhabit is not share findings and methods, and explore – notably those from London (Rose, King’s only shaped materially by the organization pathways for durable impact – how might College London), Berlin (Bister, Bieler, of space, buildings, streets, parks, shops and one build on research on urban mental health Niewöhner, Humboldt) and Lausanne cafes, not only characterised by a specific to shape policies and practices for mental (Söderström, Neuchâtel) – were seeking set of exposures to noise, pollutants and bugs, health friendly cities2. alternative ways to conceptualise the urban and not only lived through connections Of course, when it comes to mental at a more appropriate scale and form for our and transactions with multiple others, but life and mental health, to speak of ‘a city’ focus on mental health and lived experience. imbued with – perhaps even constituted immediately threatens to mislead analysis. In particular, presentations from these by – meanings, memories and affects. Although there is an increasing literature groups sought to build on James Gibson’s What research methods might enable these on ‘urbanicity’ effects on mental health, reconceptualization of environment-animal concepts to be put to work in exploring the blanket idea of ‘the urban’ homogenises relations in terms of ‘affordances’ that make the shaping of mental life and mental a multitude of different ‘environments’ certain ways of acting possible, together health – we explored the possibilities of ‘go experienced by those who inhabit them with ideas from human geography, notably alongs’ or walking interviews, video diaries, (Manning, King’s College London; those of ‘ecological niches’. In thinking of linking those to trajectories through space, Fitzgerald, Cardiff). Presentations using niches, these groups drew on a range of ideas time and interactions with mental states, deep ethnography coupled with interviews to explore not only ‘urban stress’ but also perhaps through wearables, or apps enabling

2. A number of papers from the Urban Brain programme on Mental Health, Migration and Megacities are forthcoming in a special supplement of the journal International Health in 2019.

Department of Global Health & Social Medicine 9 FIELD REPORT continued momentary assessment of mental states and their use of affordances in the city, such as While the plans arising from China’s their contexts (notably the Urban Mind app, libraries and bookshops as public space for new Mental Health Law focus on the Mechelli, King’s College London) – these personal rejuvenation. While Richaud found development of community services and offered many new research possibilities that a complex mix of aspirations and hope in have many good ideas in principle, but our groups were exploring. the coffee shops, where young migrants fear (in common with cities in many parts of The workshop also marked the fact that that they will become ‘salted fish’, with few the world) there has been little concrete our three years of research in Shanghai on hopes for the future, her overall observation action to develop these. For example, there mental health, migration and the megacity is the migrants do have difficult lives, but have been attempts to establish community was drawing to a close. What had our that they are very good services, and those that there are – such as group learned? We had discovered quite a at developing strategies of ‘endurance.’ a weekly clinic for people who experience lot about how mental disorder is patterned Nevertheless, there is evidence of mental health problems at one community in cities like Shanghai, and especially how mental ill health in other domains. For hospital – are little used. Indeed in some that pattern is affected by recent dynamics example, research by our colleagues at cities outside Shanghai, such as Hangzhou, of migration (Manning, King’s College Fudan University’s School of Public Health rather than an expansion of community London, London; Li, King’s College (Fu, Dai, Gao, Wang) found small but services, new psychiatric hospitals are London, London). The literature provides significant differences between migrants being built. mixed evidence as to whether migrants have and locals in the prevalence of common Despite migrants making up around one worse mental health, but does convincingly mental disorders, with older migrants third of the population of Shanghai, their demonstrate that migrants are socially showing strikingly higher levels of depression mental health was not a policy priority excluded, and this is associated with worse measures on standardised scales. And while when our research commenced. Three mental health. However ethnographic relatively few migrants present themselves possibilities for transforming this situation work by Lisa Richaud (Fudan School of for support at out-patient mental health emerged in discussion. The first would Public Health), working closely with Ash clinics, our colleagues at the Shanghai entail increasing access from migrants to Amin (Cambridge), suggests that migrants Mental Health Centre (He, Zeng, SMHC) the booming on-line ‘psy complex’ that have many strategies for managing the presented suggestive findings from those is currently largely utilised by Shanghai’s stress that is inherent in their precarious that do present themselves to mental health more affluent residents. Second, to address life situations, even, for example, when the professionals – who tend to be younger structural issues of exclusion, it is necessary very factories that employ them are razed to and better educated than the average to address the policies that mean that the ground as Chinese cities seek to ‘move among migrants – indicating, not migrants are not treated as full citizens of up the value chain’. While many migrants surprisingly, that they report high levels the cities where they work, for the hukou who experience mental distress may simply of dissatisfaction with income and jobs, system sustains dynamics of social exclusion return to their home villages, these ways of together with disappointed dreams. that are not conducive to mental health. managing stress may explain the relative It is also clear that government policies Third, in the light of presentations from lack of apparent mental ill health among intersect with the experience of mental colleagues in Thrives (Belkin and Peterman, many living in those situations. Strategies disorder in the city on many ways (Shao, Thrive NYC; Griffiths, ThriveLDN; Acco- include the use of minor diversions for SMHC). First, of course, social exclusion Weston, ThriveTO), there was a strong case managing ‘dead’ time; the acceptance of city is intensified by the hukou system, which for mega-cities like Shanghai to join with interventions to clear out illegal dwellings deprives those who have rural status the new international policy discussions and factories; a persistent psychological from accessing some health and social as to how to make these cities ‘thrive’, so orientation to home villages, for example benefits while they live in the city, and that the challenges of mental health are paying only cheap rents so that they can has consequences for housing, for secure fully integrated within projects to develop save to send money to their home villages, employment, and for children’s education. ‘healthy cities’.

OBITUARY Alessandra Pigni It is with great thesis entitled A Bad Manager is Worse than As her joint supervisors, we are filled with sadness that War?’ Investigating the Mental Health of Aid grief. We will miss Alessandra as our PhD we report that Workers Online And in the Field which she student, as a scholar, and as a warm-hearted Alessandra Pigni was to submit in July 2019. For her thesis young woman who never lost her sense of passed away on 26 preparations, Alessandra drew on her rich courage and humor and who, with selfless December 2018. experience as a practitioner in humanitarian vigor, wanted to draw attention to the plight Alessandra was aid, her scholarly background, and her great of her colleagues as they provided assistance about to submit sense of compassion. Based on her work as to others in need in the most difficult her PhD thesis at the Department of War a humanitarian psychologist and her field circumstances. Our thoughts are with her Studies and the Department of Global experience in Palestine and China, she family and friends who suffer a tremendous Health and Social Medicine. She struggled recently published the well-acclaimed book loss. with a long illness during which she bravely The Idealist’s Survival Kit. 75 Simple Ways to and defiantly continued to write up her Avoid Burnout. Dr Hanna Kienzler / Dr Reinoud Leenders

10 Department of Global Health & Social Medicine PUBLICATIONS

Caduff C (2019). Canguilhem’s Vital Social Kienzler H , Wenzel, T. and Shaini, M. (2019) Launch of Anne Pollock’s Medicine. History of Anthropology Special Vulnerability and psychosocial health Issue, edited by Gabriel Coren and experienced by repatriated children in Synthesizing Hope Cameron Brinitzer (online publication: Kosovo. Transcultural psychiatry, 56(1), http://histanthro.org/notes/vital-social- pp.267-286. medicine/ The Global Launch Maun E, Glaser K and Corna L (2019) Co- of Professor Anne Caduff C (2019). Hot Chocolate. Critical resident care-giving and problematic sleep Pollock’s new book Inquiry 45(2),787-803. among older people: evidence from the UK Synthesizing Hope: Household Longitudinal Study, Ageing and Matter, Knowledge, Caduff C (2018). Überreste medizinischer Society. Cambridge University Press, pp. and Place in South Forschung: Ein anthropologischer Versuch. 1–28. doi: 10.1017/S0144686X1800168X. African Drug Nach Feierabend – Zürcher Jahrbuch für Discovery took Wissensgeschichte, 239-242. Pentecost M, Ross FC (2019) The First place on 9th May Thousand Days: Motherhood, Scientific at the University of Caduff C (2018). After the Next: Notes on Knowledge, and Local Histories, Medical the Witwatersrand Serial Novelty. Medicine, Anthropology, Anthropology, DOI:10.1080/01459740.2019.1 (‘Wits’) in Theory 5(4), 86-105. 590825 Johannesburg. The event was organized and chaired by the head of the Wits Caduff C (2018). An Analysis of Social Tinker A, Fozard J, Kearns W, Mihailidis Department of Anthropology, Julia Hornberger, Science Research into Cancer Care in Low- A, Atoyebi O, Bailey A, Bet P, Lapierre and co-sponsored by the Wits Institute for Social and Middle-income Countries: Improving N, Neubauer N, Roque N, Vermeer and Economic Research. Global Cancer Control Through Greater Y, Taipale V (2018) Twelve years of ISG Pollock gave a short overview of the book, Interdisciplinary Research. Journal of masterclasses: Past, Present, and Future which opens up the material and social worlds of Global Oncology 4, 1-9 (co-authored with Gerontechnology 17(4): 232 – 237. pharmaceuticals by focusing on an unexpected Mac Skelton, Dwaipayan Banerjee, Darja place: iThemba Pharmaceuticals – a name is Zulu Djordjevic, Marissa Mika, Lucas Mueller, Green C, Tinker A, Manthorpe J (2018) for hope. The company’s specific aspirations – Kavita Sivaramakrishnan and Cecilia Van Respecting care home residents’ right finding new drugs for TB, HIV, and malaria – were Hollen). to privacy: what is the evidence of good unfulfilled, and the company closed its doors practice? Working with Older People in 2015. Nevertheless, iThemba provides an Fletcher J R (2019) Destigmatising 22(4):198-210. intriguing entry point for exploring how the dementia: the dangers of felt stigma & location of scientific knowledge production benevolent othering, Dementia. Vandoros S, Avendano M, Kawachi I (2019) matters. The association between economic Three invited respondents kicked off a highly Fletcher J R , Lee, K. & Snowden, S. uncertainty and suicide in the short-run, engaged discussion their reflections on the book: (2019) Uncertainties when applying Social Science and Medicine 220: 403-410. Thembisa Waetjen (University of Johannesburg, the mental capacity act in dementia Historical Studies); Richard Rottenburg (Wits research: a call for researcher Courtin E, NafilyanV,Avendano M, Meneton Institute for Social and Economic Research); experiences, Ethics & Social Welfare, DOI: P, Berkman L, Goldberg M, Zins M, Dowd Glen Ncube (University of Pretoria, Historical and 10.1080/17496535.2019.1580302 J B (2019) Longer schooling but not Heritage Studies). Key themes explored included better off? A quasi-experimental study the incompatibility of contemporary capitalist Fletcher J R (2019) Negotiating tensions of the effect of compulsory schooling on business models and pharmaceutical science in between methodology and procedural biomarkers in France, Social Science and the service of the people, the difficulty of building ethics, Journal of Gerontological Social Medicine 220:379-386. truly transformative projects at the national Work, DOI:10.1080/01634372.2018.1564718 level, and what ‘hope’ offers as a narrative and a Rose-Clarke K, Pradhan H, Rath S, Rath practice. Fletcher J R (2019) Discovering deviance: S et al (2019) Adolescent girls' health, The London Launch on 28th May was chaired the visibility mechanisms through which nutrition and wellbeing in rural eastern by Ann Kelly and featured invited responses from one becomes a person with dementia in India: a descriptive, cross-sectional Jenny Reardon (University of California-Santa interaction, Journal of Aging Studies, 48: community-based study, BMC Public Health Cruz, Sociology); Jarita Holbrook (University 33–39 19(1):673. of the Western Cape, Physics); and Ann Kelly (King’s College London, Global Health and Social Kienzler H and Sula-Raxhimi, E. (2019) Medicine). Collective Memories and Legacies of Political Violence in the Balkans. Nationalities Papers, 47(2), pp.173-181.

Department of Global Health & Social Medicine 11 STAFF PROFILES Kelly Rose-Clarke

1. Departmental title 4. What are you working on at the moment? Lecturer in Global Mental Health. I am co-leading an MRC-funded project in Nepal with Mark Jordans from the IOPPN, 2. Courses in partnership with TPO Nepal, an NGO Introduction to Global Health 1 in Nepal. We aim to adapt and pilot a group (undergraduate) psychological intervention for adolescents Designing qualitative research for social with depression in rural Nepal. science and health (postgraduate) 5. What is your favourite thing about 3. What’s your academic background? London? At UCL I studied neuroscience as an Having been here since 2003, London is my undergraduate, then did a medical home. The best thing about the city is that I degree with an integrated PhD in global share it with my closest friends and family. mental health. My main research goal is to understand and test ways to improve 6. What do you do for fun? young people’s mental health in resource- Playing hide and seek with my 18 month-old constrained settings. I’m an advocate of daughter Clemency is extreme. mixed methods research.

Rosie Mayston

1. Departmental title 4. What are you working on at the moment? Lecturer in Global Health. My work focuses on chronic physical illness and mental health. I have a particular interest 2. Courses you teach: in co-morbid HIV and depression and the I am the module leader for Global Mental health of older people. I’m a mixed methods Health, offered to BSc Psychology students researcher, currently working on a number of for the last two years, this will be open to different global health projects – the design BA/BSc Global Health students for the first of a brief intervention for depression among time in 2019–20 as an optional module people living with HIV in India (funded by 3. What’s your academic background? the Psychiatry Research Trust); IDEAS I originally trained in anthropology at UCL, (Improving Detection of Depression in sub- before doing a Masters in Demography at Saharan Africa) led by Dr Abebaw Fekadu London School of Hygiene and Tropical in Ethiopia; ASSET (Health Systems Medicine. My PhD was in psychiatric Strengthening in sub-Saharan Africa) led epidemiology at King’s – at the Institute of by Professor Martin Prince (King’s). I am Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience. leading the development of the doctoral curriculum for King’s Global Health Institute PhD students. 5. What is your favourite thing about London? Finding new stuff to do, even after living here for many years. And the green spaces. 6. What do you do for fun? I started painting last year. Also yoga and running..

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Academic Editor: Dr Michelle Pentecost, [email protected] Designed by Day 1, day1.org.uk | Approved by [email protected], June 2019