University of Copenhagen

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

University of Copenhagen Data collection instruments and procedures for investigating national-level trade in medicinal and aromatic plants - the case of Nepal Smith-Hall, Carsten; Pouliot, Mariéve; Pyakurel, Dipesh; Fold, Niels; Chapagain, A.; Ghimire, S.; Meilby, Henrik; Kmoch, L.; Chapagain, D.J.; Das, A.; Jun, H.; Nepal, K.; Poudeyal, Mukti Ram; Kafle, G.; Larsen, Helle Overgaard Publication date: 2018 Document version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Citation for published version (APA): Smith-Hall, C., Pouliot, M., Pyakurel, D., Fold, N., Chapagain, A., Ghimire, S., Meilby, H., Kmoch, L., Chapagain, D. J., Das, A., Jun, H., Nepal, K., Poudeyal, M. R., Kafle, G., & Larsen, H. O. (2018). Data collection instruments and procedures for investigating national-level trade in medicinal and aromatic plants - the case of Nepal. Department of Food and Resource Economics, University of Copenhagen. IFRO Documentation No. 2018/2 Download date: 28. sep.. 2021 Data collection instruments and procedures for investigating national-level trade in medicinal and aromatic plants – the case of Nepal C. Smith-Hall, M. Pouliot, D. Pyakurel, N. Fold, A. Chapagain, S. Ghimire, H. Meilby, L. Kmoch, D.J. Chapagain, A. Das, H. Jun, K. Nepal, M.R. Poudeyal, G. Kafle, H.O.Larsen 2018 / 2 IFRO Documentation 2018 / 2 Data collection instruments and procedures for investigating national-level trade in medicinal and aromatic plants – the case of Nepal Authors: C. Smith-Hall, M. Pouliot, D. Pyakurel, N. Fold, A. Chapagain, S. Ghimire, H. Meilby, L. Kmoch, D.J. Chapagain, A. Das, H. Jun, K. Nepal, M.R. Poudeyal, G. Kafle, & H.O.Larsen This documentation is produced in connection with the “Transiting to Green Growth: Natural Resources in Nepal” research project funded by the Research Committee for Development Research (FFU) of the Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Grant No. 13-07KU. Project partners are: Central Department of Botany, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu; Agriculture and Forestry University, Department of Agribotany and Conservation Ecology, Rampur; Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming; and the Department of Food and Resource Economics, University of Copenhagen. Published May 2018 Find more IFRO Documentation here (most are in Danish): http://www.ifro.ku.dk/publikationer/ifro_serier/dokumentation/ Department of Food and Resource Economics University of Copenhagen Rolighedsvej 25 DK-1958 Frederiksberg www.ifro.ku.dk/english Table of Contents 1. Introduction ................................................................................................................................................... 5 2. Overview of the research format .................................................................................................................. 7 2.1 Data collection instruments and data collection activities ..................................................................... 7 3. Definitions ................................................................................................................................................... 13 4. A detailed guide to the data collection activities ........................................................................................ 17 4.1 District data collection ........................................................................................................................... 17 4.2 Central wholesaler data collection ........................................................................................................ 19 4.3 Regional wholesaler data collection ...................................................................................................... 20 4.4 Pre-consumer survey ............................................................................................................................. 20 4.5 Processor data collection ...................................................................................................................... 20 4.6 Tibet-border data collection .................................................................................................................. 21 4.7 China survey .......................................................................................................................................... 24 4.8 Biophysical studies ................................................................................................................................ 24 4.9 Consumption data collection ................................................................................................................. 27 4.10 Political ecology ................................................................................................................................... 28 4.11 Livelihood studies ................................................................................................................................ 28 5. General guidelines on field work ................................................................................................................. 29 5.1 Quantitative data collection .................................................................................................................. 29 5.2 Qualitative data collection .................................................................................................................... 30 6. Data management: handling and checking ................................................................................................. 31 6.1 Data handling ......................................................................................................................................... 31 6.1.1 Quantitative data handling ............................................................................................................. 31 6.1.2 Qualitative data handling ............................................................................................................... 31 6.2 Data checking ........................................................................................................................................ 32 6.2.1 Quantitative data checking ............................................................................................................. 33 6.2.2 Qualitative data checking ............................................................................................................... 33 7. Time schedule .............................................................................................................................................. 35 References ....................................................................................................................................................... 37 Appendix 1: Map overview of known trade routes from Nepal to Tibet ........................................................ 38 Appendix 2: Standard International Trade Classification ................................................................................ 53 Appendix 3: Structured surveys ...................................................................................................................... 55 3.1 Harvester survey (quantitative part) ..................................................................................................... 55 2 3.1.1 Yarsagumba harvester survey (quantitative part) ......................................................................... 62 3.2 Trader survey (quantitative part) .......................................................................................................... 68 3.3 Central wholesaler survey (quantitative part)....................................................................................... 75 3.4 Regional wholesaler survey (quantitative part) .................................................................................... 83 3.4.1 Regional wholesaler survey in Chinese (quantitative part) ............................................................ 90 3.5 Processor survey (quantitative part) ................................................................................................... 100 3.6 Tibet-border trade survey (quantitative part) ..................................................................................... 105 3.7 Consumer surveys ............................................................................................................................... 115 3.7.1 Consumer survey for yarsagumba ................................................................................................ 115 3.7.2 Consumer survey for yarsagumba (in Chinese) ............................................................................ 118 3.7.3 Consumer survey for kutki............................................................................................................ 120 3.8 Code lists used across questionnaires ................................................................................................. 122 Appendix 4: Interview guides ........................................................................................................................ 125 4.1 Harvester instrument (qualitative part) .............................................................................................. 125 4.1.1 Harvester instrument in Nepalese (qualitative part) ................................................................... 127 4.1.2 Yarsagumba harvester instrument (qualitative part) ................................................................... 130 4.2 District trader instrument
Recommended publications
  • Determination of Bergenin in Different Parts of Bergenia Ciliata Using a Validated RP-HPLC Method
    Natural Product Sciences 27(1) : 54-59 (2021) https://doi.org/10.20307/nps.2021.27.1.54 Determination of Bergenin in Different Parts of Bergenia ciliata using a Validated RP-HPLC Method Ejaz Ali1,*, Khalid Hussain1, Nadeem Irfan Bukhari1, Najma Arshad2, Amjad Hussain1, Nasir Abbas1, Sohail Arshad3, Sajida Parveen1, Naureen Shehzadi1, Shaista Qamar4, and Abida Qamar1 1Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan 2Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Centre for Research in Molecular Medicine, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan 3Faculty of Pharmacy, Baha Uddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan 4Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan Abstract Bergenia ciliata (Family: Saxifragaceae) is a folklore remedy for the treatment of various ailments in Asian countries. Bergenin (1) has been isolated as an active constituent in many studies, however, the amount of bergenin has not been determined in all parts of the plant. A simple RP-HPLC method was developed to determine the amount of bergenin in methanol extracts of leaves, rhizomes and roots of the plant. Separation was achieved on an Agilent Eclipse XDB-C18 column maintained at 25 oC using isocratic solvent system (water: methanol: acetic acid; 62.5:37:0.5 v/v/v) adjusted at pH 2 0 at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. and detected at 275 nm. Correlation coefficient (0.9952) showed linearity of concentration (5-200 μg/mL) and response. The values of LOD (0.00947 μg/mL) and LOQ (0.02869 μg/mL) indicated that method was sensitive. The recovery of bergenin was 99.99-100% indicating accuracy of method.
    [Show full text]
  • Medicinal Plants of Tehrathum District, Eastern Nepal
    M. B. Rai / Our Nature (2003) 1: 42-48 Medicinal Plants of Tehrathum District, Eastern Nepal Mani Bahadur Rai* Department of Botany, P. G. Campus, Biratnagar Abstract Vaidhya (Herbalist) use the medicinal plants to remove the ailments since time immemorial. Tehrathum district is found rich in medicinal plants. A total of 105 vascular plants were recorded to be used in different diseases. Information was collected by discussion through local communities and field observations. Some plants were found to be used in different diseases in different places. The indigenous knowledge is transferring from generation to generation in certain families without any written records. Keywords: Medicinal Plants, NTFPs, Tehrathum, Shaman Introduction plants are their main source of remedy for diseases. Tehrathum is a hilly district, located 76025' E to Those persons, who use these plants, often keep their 87075' E and 26059' N to 27030' N longitude and knowledge secret. They are against the exploration latitude of eastern Nepal, covering 679 sq. km. area. of their traditional knowledge. Such knowledge is The altitude ranges from 530m ('Tamor Phedi') to transferring from generation to generation in certain 3,010m ('Tinjure') (Rai 1996). The area covers families without any written record. subtropical and temperate climate. The major ethnic Works on medicinal plant surveys have been groups of the district are Limbu, Sherpa, Tamang, done from eastern Nepal by several workers Rai, Magar, Gurung, and Newar. Amomum (Banerji 1957, Manandhar 1971, Dobremez aromaticum, Asparagus spp., Astilbe rivularis, 1976, Gautam 1995). However, the literature of Bergenia ciliata, Daphne spp., Lycopodium medicinal plants from Tehrathum district is not clavatum, Nardostachys grandiflora, Picrorhiza available except a single report on NTFPs scrophulariiflora, Piper longum, Potentilla fulgen, (Pradhan and Manandhar 1997).
    [Show full text]
  • Phytochemical, Microscopic and Standardization of Bergenia Ciliata for Authentication
    2019J. Pl. Res. Vol. 17, No. 1, pp 118-124, 2019Journal of Plant Resources Vol.17, No. 1 Phytochemical, Microscopic and Standardization of Bergenia ciliata for Authentication Laxman Bhandari1*, Bal Bahadur Bista2 and Chetana Khanal1 1Natural Products Research Laboratory, Department of Plant Resources, Thapathali, Nepal 2Department of Plant Resources, Thapathali, Nepal *E-mail: [email protected] Abstract The present research was conducted to investigate the Bergenia ciliata (Haw.) Sternb. (Family- Saxifragaceae) for pharmacognostic study including macroscopical and microscopical observations, UV-fluorescence characters, preliminary phytochemical screening and thin layer chromatography of methanolic extracts. The macroscopy revealed that rhizome was barreled shaped, fibrous fracture surface, brown in color, solid rough texture, pleasant in odor and astringent in taste. While microscopy of rhizome showed typical dicot histological differentiation, no endodermis and pericycle seen. Vascular bundles are arranged in ring. Tanniferous cells are seen abundantly in a cortical region and pith. Rhizome powder has rosette crystals, starch grains, and vessels with scalariform thickenings. The physico-chemical parameters of rhizome powder showed loss on drying 7.04, total ash value 10.23, acid insoluble ash 0.11, water soluble ash 0.92, pH at 10% water solution is basic, water soluble extractive value 74.12, alcohol soluble extractive value 53.23 and extractive value of methanolic extracts 4.234 g. Phytochemicals reveled the presences of flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins, phenols and fatty acids and Rf value 0.74 in Co- TLC with standard bergenin in methanolic extracts. Fluorescence study indicates different colors like dark brown, red, brown black, creamy black, dark black, dark brownish black etc.
    [Show full text]
  • Medicinal Plants and Natural Product Research
    Medicinal Plants and Natural Product Research • Milan S. • Milan Stankovic Medicinal Plants and Natural Product Research Edited by Milan S. Stankovic Printed Edition of the Special Issue Published in Plants www.mdpi.com/journal/plants Medicinal Plants and Natural Product Research Medicinal Plants and Natural Product Research Special Issue Editor Milan S. Stankovic MDPI • Basel • Beijing • Wuhan • Barcelona • Belgrade Special Issue Editor Milan S. Stankovic University of Kragujevac Serbia Editorial Office MDPI St. Alban-Anlage 66 4052 Basel, Switzerland This is a reprint of articles from the Special Issue published online in the open access journal Plants (ISSN 2223-7747) from 2017 to 2018 (available at: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/plants/special issues/medicinal plants). For citation purposes, cite each article independently as indicated on the article page online and as indicated below: LastName, A.A.; LastName, B.B.; LastName, C.C. Article Title. Journal Name Year, Article Number, Page Range. ISBN 978-3-03928-118-3 (Pbk) ISBN 978-3-03928-119-0 (PDF) Cover image courtesy of Trinidad Ruiz Tellez.´ c 2020 by the authors. Articles in this book are Open Access and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license, which allows users to download, copy and build upon published articles, as long as the author and publisher are properly credited, which ensures maximum dissemination and a wider impact of our publications. The book as a whole is distributed by MDPI under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons license CC BY-NC-ND. Contents About the Special Issue Editor ...................................... vii Preface to ”Medicinal Plants and Natural Product Research” ...................
    [Show full text]
  • Knowledge of Herbs- Bergenia Ciliata
    NEWSLETTER Knowledge of herbs – Bergenia Ciliata Berginia Ciliata also known as the ‘Winter begonia’. This species of Bergenia is very unique and much sought after by collectors. The rhizome is a well known Indian drug, mentioned by the name PASANADHEDA or stonebreaker. It was believed to break the rock in which it lived it was used to dissolve gravel or stone in the bladder and act as a diuretic. It grows in the temperate Himalayas between altitudes of 900 and 3,000 m. Taxonomy Hierarchy Kingdom Plantae Order saxifragales Family saxifragaceae Genus Bergania Species B.ciliata Other common names Eng . velvet leaf, guj. - Pakhanabheda, hind: - Pakhanabheda, punj: - Kachalu Description They are clump-forming, rhizomatous, evergreen perennials with a spirally arranged rosette of leaves 6–35 cm long and 4–15 cm broad, and pink flowers produced in a cyme the leaves are large, leathery, ovate or cordate and often have wavy or saw-toothed edges. For most of the year, the leaves have a glossy green colour, but in cooler climates, they turn red or bronze in the fall. The flowers grow on a stem similar in colour to a rhubarb stalk and most varieties have cone-shaped flowers in varying shades of pink. These can range from almost white to ruby red and purple. Biologically active constituents The root contains 14 - 16% tannin . A good ground cover plant, forming a slowly spreading clum . The rhizome contains an active principle, berginin (0.6%). Bergenin and its glycosides along with β - sitosterol, gallic acid, catechin-3-gallate and afzelechin is the major constituent reported from the rhizome .
    [Show full text]
  • Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity of Bergenia Ciliata Plant
    © 2020 JETIR February 2020, Volume 7, Issue 2 www.jetir.org (ISSN-2349-5162) EVALUATION OF ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF BERGENIA CILIATA PLANT Saba Muzaffar , Dr.Suhasini Bhatnagar, Syed Badakhasann PhD Scholar, CEO,PhD Scholar Department of Biotechnology, Mewar University, Rajasthan, India. ABSTRACT Plants used for traditional medicine contain a wide range of chemical constituents which can be used to treat various infectious diseases. Bergenia ciliata plant is traditionally used for the treatment of various diseases. In far-flung areas of Kashmir, its leaves are useful in the treatment of kidney stones and wounds. Therefore, antibacterial activities of different extracts of Bergenia ciliata were studied against eight bacterial strains four gram positive, four gram negative and six fungal strains. Four Gram-positive bacteria were Panebacillus polymyxa MTCC 122, Bacillus subtilis NCIM 5251, Staphylococcus aureus NCIM 2492 and Lactobacillus brevis MTCC 1750 ; four Gram-negative Serratia marcescens NCIM 5246,Pseudomonas aeruginosa NCIM 2037,Escherichia coli NCIM 2109,Enterobacter aerogenes NCIM 5139.The activity was performed using four solvents viz,. ethanol, methanol, acetone and water. Among all extracts, the ethanol extract of leaf showed significant activity in bacteria except Staphylococcus aureus.This activity of ethanol extract might be due to bioactive compounds present in this plant as well as maximum solubility of these compounds in it. KEY WORDS; Bergenia, traditional, infectious, extract, solubility. INTRODUCTION For every infectious disease, as far as we can remember up until few years ago we had to take a pill for a few days and would get rid of that infection, but not so any more. The increasing occurrence of antimicrobial resistance represents a worldwide major concern for both human and veterinary medicine (Lorian, 1996).
    [Show full text]
  • Bergenia Ciliata ( Haw.) Sternb. Fam
    Bergenia ciliata ( Haw.) Sternb. Fam. Saxifragaceae Ayurvedic name Shailagarbhaja, Pashanbheda Unani name Zakhmehayat, Pakhanbed Hindi name Pakhanabhed, Pashanbheda English name Hairy bergenia Trade name Pashanabhed Parts used Rhizomatous Rootstock or Rhizome Bergenia ciliata Morphological Characteristics his is a rhizomatic herb with fleshy leaves, growing upto 30 cm tall, having a stout Tcreeping rhizomatous rootstock with scars and intermittent axillary buds. Plant is quite hardy and able to survive frost during winter turning reddish in colour. It is evergreen and flowers in April to June. Its flowers are white-pink and purple in colour. Stem is short. The rhizome comes out from the cervices of rocks and hangs in the air in sloppy areas. Leaves are 5-30 cm long, glabrous, sparsely hairy in margins, broadly obovate or elliptic, finely or sparsely denticulate or shallowly sinuate-denate. Floral Characteristics The flowers are bisexual, white, pink or purple with long cymose panicles 4-10 cm long. The fruit is a capsule and rounded in shape. Seeds are greyish in colour, minute and numerous in one capsule. Distribution The plant is endemic to Northern and Eastern temperate Himalayan region in Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand and North Eastern hilly states between altitudes of 14 Bergenia ciliata ( Haw.) Sternb. 1200-3000 meter in the cold or glacial mountain rocky slopes in stone crevices. It is also found in adjoining countries like Nepal, Pakistan, Afghanistan upto Tibet and China at higher altitudes. Climate and Soil Plant grows well under humid, temperate climatic conditions, where temperature generally remains below 200C. Plant grows well over sandy, slightly acidic soils with high porosity and rich in organic matter or forest humus.
    [Show full text]
  • In-Vitro Antioxidant and Hemorrhoidal Potential of Hydroethanolic Leaf Extracts of Bergenia Ciliata , Bergenia Ligulata and Bergenia Stracheyi
    Available online a t www.pelagiaresearchlibrary.com Pelagia Research Library Asian Journal of Plant Science and Research, 2015, 5(5):34-46 ISSN : 2249-7412 CODEN (USA): AJPSKY In-vitro antioxidant and hemorrhoidal potential of hydroethanolic leaf extracts of Bergenia ciliata , Bergenia ligulata and Bergenia stracheyi Km. Ruby 1, Suman Sharma 1, Rajani Chauhan 1* and Jaya Dwivedi 2 1Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali University, Rajasthan (India) 2Department of Chemistry, Banasthali University, Rajasthan (India) _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT The antioxidant properties of hydroethanolic extract of Bergenia species namely Bergenia ciliata, Bergenia ligulata and Bergenia stracheyi were analyzed using ten antioxidant assays. The absorbance for ferric thiocyanate assay and Thiobarbituric acid (TBA) assay was 0.058 nm and 0.082 nm. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ) for Phosphomolybdenum assay, Nitric oxide radical inhibition assay, ABTS radical scavenging assay, Hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, Peroxynitrite scavenging assay, Singlet oxygen scavenging activity, Hypochlorous acid scavenging activity, Deoxyribose assay was 110.71 µg/ml , 64.79µg/ml, 19.45 µg/ml, 1.931µg/ml,39.25 µg/ml, 30.53 µg/ml, 76.86 µg/ml, 5.661µg/ml respectively. This experiment presents total phenolics content (0.081 mg GAE/g) and flavonols content (0.079 mg TAE/g). A non-significant relationship between antioxidant capacity and total phenolics content, total flavonols content indicates stoichiometry of reaction, between antioxidant compounds in the extracts and the various radical. This may be inferred as a reason for the difference in their scavenging potential. Keywords : Antioxidant assay, hemorroidal activity, Himalayan herb, astringency. _____________________________________________________________________________________________ INTRODUCTION Saxifragaceae is a family of herbs or shrubs, rarely trees or vines.
    [Show full text]
  • Herbal Medicines Used to Cure Various Ailments by the Inhabitants of Abbottabad District, North West Frontier Province, Pakistan
    Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge Vol. 9(1), January 2010, pp. 175-183 Herbal medicines used to cure various ailments by the inhabitants of Abbottabad district, North West Frontier Province, Pakistan Arshad Mehmood Abbasi*, Mir Ajab Khan, Mushtaq Ahmed & Muhammad Zafar Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan E-mail: [email protected] Received 7 February 2008; revised 24 September 2008 Present survey was conducted in the hilly areas of Abbottabad district of North-West Frontier Province in order to inventorise the medicinal plants used in the folk medicine to treat various ailments by the local inhabitants. A total of 54 plant species belonging to 51 genera and 40 families were recorded for their therapeutic uses. The medicines were prepared from various plant parts of a single plant or multiple plants. The ethnomedicinal inventory is presented by plant name, local name, family and uses. Keywords: Herbal medicine, Ethnomedicine, Folk medicine, Medicinal plants, Abbottabad, Pakistan, Abbasies, Tareen, Jadoon, Syeds, Mashwani, Tanolis, Awans, Qureshis, Sardars , Sheikhs IPC Int.Cl: A61K36/00, A61P1/02, A61P1/06, A61P1/08, A61P1/10, A61P1/14, A61P1/16, A61P5/00, A61P5/50, A61P9/14, A61P11/00, A61P11/06, A61P11/14, A61P13/00, A61P13/02, A61P15/00, A61P15/02, A61P17/00, A61P19/00, A61P29/00, A61P31/00, A61P39/02 The herbal medicines occupy distinct position right (medical centres of indigenous physicians known as from the primitive period to present day. In Indo-Pak, Hakims ). Unfortunately, very little attention has been first record of plant medicine was compiled in paid to the ethnobotanical aspect of plants as Hakims Rigveda between 4500-1600 BC and Ayurveda are only concerned with the floral and vegetative parts (2500-600 BC).
    [Show full text]
  • Ethnomedicinal Uses of Plants by Major Ethnic Groups of Hilly Districts in Nepal: a Review
    Journal of Medicinal Botany 2020, 4: 24-37 doi: 10.25081/jmb.2020.v4.6389 http://updatepublishing.com/journal/index.php/jmb Research Article Ethnomedicinal uses of plants by major ethnic groups of Hilly Districts in Nepal: A review ISSN: 2521-3903 Mahamad Sayab Miya*, Sachin Timilsina, Apeksha Chhetri Institute of Forestry, Pokhara Campus, Tribhuvan University, Pokhara, Nepal ABSTRACT Plants are used as ethno-medicine by indigenous people living all around the world. In Nepal, plants are being used for healing diseases since a long period by various ethnic groups of rural areas due to difficulty in the availability of modern medicines. Many researchers have contributed to documentation of ethnomedicinal knowledge on plants in Nepal; however few studies have been carried out on hilly districts. Our study aims to review and compile all the published research documents on ethnomedicinal uses of plants by various ethnic groups of hilly districts in Nepal. Altogether Received : August 05, 2020 35 published documents till August 2020, accessed through Google Scholar and Research Gate were selected for our Accepted : October 16, 2020 study. A total of 215 plant species from 93 families was found to be used for the treatment of 139 types of diseases by 10 Published : October 19, 2020 ethnic groups of 13 hilly districts. Also, leaves were used for the treatment of maximum numbers of diseases (69). Plants from Fabaceae, Asteraceae, and Poaceae, etc. were used to treat major diseases like; diabetes, asthma, stomachache, fever, jaundice, etc. Traditional knowledge on medicinal uses of plants is needed to be explored and documented to *Corresponding Author: preserve traditional medicinal knowledge as well as medicinal plants.
    [Show full text]
  • Review Article
    P. A. Khaire et al / Int. J. Res. Ayurveda Pharm. 6(6), Nov - Dec 2015 Review Article www.ijrap.net A PHARMACOGNOSTIC REVIEW ON CHARAKOKTA MUTRAVIRECHANIYA MAHAKASHAYA P. A. Khaire 1*, T. A. Pansare 2, D.V. Kulkarni 3 1Assistant Professor, Dravyaguna-vidnyan Department, Government Ayurveda College, Madhuban, Tuljapur Road, Osmanabad, Maharashtra, India 2Associate Professor, Dravyaguna-vidnyan Department, Government Ayurved College, Madhuban, Tuljapur Road, Osmanabad, Maharashtra, India 3Professor, Dravyaguna-vidnyan Department, Government Ayurved College, Madhuban, Tuljapur Road, Osmanabad, Maharashtra, India Received on: 15/06/15 Revised on: 07/08/15 Accepted on: 12/08/15 *Corresponding author Dr. P. A. Khaire, Assistant Professor, Dravyaguna-vidnyan Department, Government Ayurved College, Madhuban, Tuljapur Road, Osmanabad- 413501, Maharashtra, India. Email: [email protected] DOI: 10.7897/2277-4343.066137 ABSTRACT The prevalence of renal disorders is growing most rapidly in people now-a-days. It is estimated that over a five year period, approximately 10% of men over the age of 70 will develop acute urinary retention. According to a survey (NHANES) conducted in U.S., the prevalence of Chronic kidney disease in people ages 60 and older jumped from 18.8 to 24.5%. In their treatment diuretics plays a major role. Under the 50 Mahakashaya i.e. great extractives, there is a description of a group of 10 herbs named ‘mutravirechaniya mahakashaya’ (great extractives of diuretics) by Acharya Charaka. They effectively cure urinary disorders like frequency of the urine, acute or chronic urinary infections and calculi in the urinary tract. Some herbs deal with renal function and help to preserve them.
    [Show full text]
  • Bergenia Ciliata: the Medicinal Herb of Cold Desert
    International Journal of Chemical Studies 2018; 6(3): 3609-3613 P-ISSN: 2349–8528 E-ISSN: 2321–4902 IJCS 2018; 6(3): 3609-3613 Bergenia ciliata: The medicinal herb of cold © 2018 IJCS Received: 23-03-2018 desert Accepted: 30-04-2018 Lakhwinder Singh Lakhwinder Singh, Antul Kumar and Amandeep Paul Post Graduate, Department of Agriculture General Shivdev Singh Diwan Gurbachan Singh Abstract Khalsa College Patiala, Punjab, Bergenia ciliata belongs to the family Saxifragaceae, commonly known as Kodiya or Pashanbheda in India Uttranchal. It contains the very high amount of bergenin content after Bergenia ligulata. It has large number of medicinal properties such as antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antidiabetic. Antul Kumar Bergenia ciliata is mainly used to cure kidney disorder. Its phytochemical constituents are afzelechin, (+) College of Basic Sciences and catechin, β-sitosterol, Gallic acid, Tannic acid, (-)-3-0- Galloylepicatechin, (-)-3-0-Galloylcatechin, (+)- Humanities, Department of Catechin, Gallicin. This review paper highlighted the pharmaceutical, phytochemical and medicinal uses Botany, Punjab Agricultural of Bergenia ciliata. University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India Keywords: Bergenin, afzelechin, gallic acid, (+)-catechin, gallicin, anticancer Amandeep Paul College of Basic Sciences and Introduction Humanities, Department of Bergenia ciliata is the member of family Saxifragaceae. It consists of about 30 genera and 580 Botany, Punjab Agricultural species worldwide. The plant is commonly known as Pashanbheda because it is the main University, Ludhiana, Punjab, source of Pashanbheda which is highly used in indigenous system (Yaginuma et al. 2003) [38]. India It itself shows that the plant originate between rocks and appears to break them or that it possesses lithotriptic property. It is found in Afghanistan, South Tibet, and Bhutan.
    [Show full text]